1、單元語(yǔ)法：動(dòng)詞不定式（theinfinitive）學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：掌握動(dòng)詞不定式在句子中所作6種成分的不同用法；掌握動(dòng)詞不定式的6種變化形式。重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法解說(shuō)：1 .不定式在句中可作成分：主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)1）作主語(yǔ)（指某次具體的或?qū)⒁l(fā)生的動(dòng)作）TolearnEnglishwellisveryimportant.但更多情況下放在謂語(yǔ)之后，用it作形式主語(yǔ)：It'simportantlearnEnglishwell.2）作賓語(yǔ)（用于某些動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ)，常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞有want,hope,wish,ask,choose,decide,expect,manage,offer,promis

2、e,refuse,plan,try,learn,afford,need.）Hewantedtoseetheboss.他想見(jiàn)老板。Ihopetobebacksoon.我希望早點(diǎn)回家？3）作表語(yǔ)（表示目的，預(yù)測(cè)，安排，愿望等）Thepurposeofeducationistodevelopafinepersonality"目的）Youaretodieatninety-eight.（預(yù)測(cè)）Theyaretomarrynextweek.（安排）注意主語(yǔ)與表語(yǔ)形式相呼應(yīng)：Toseeistobelieve.=Seeingisbelieving.4）作定語(yǔ)（動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)往往后置，且與被修飾的詞

3、之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系、主謂關(guān)系、同位關(guān)系。）Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourself?（動(dòng)賓關(guān)系）Hewasthelastonetoleavetheclassroom.（主謂關(guān)系）Ihavenowishtoquarrelwithyou.（同位關(guān)系）若動(dòng)詞不定式是不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，應(yīng)在動(dòng)詞后加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~；若被修飾的詞是place,time或way時(shí)，則通常省略不定式后的介詞。Thegirlhasnothingtoworryabout.（不要遺漏about）Manychildrencantecay.（不定式后arcin或at通常省略）當(dāng)名詞用特定的定語(yǔ)，如first,last,

4、next,only等及形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)，其后用不定式修飾。Heistheonlypersontoknowthetruth.5）作狀語(yǔ)（表示目的、結(jié)果、原因等。）Duringthenexttenyearstheybothworkeddayandnighttopayforthedebts.（目的）Hewokeuptofindeveryonegone.（結(jié)果）Welaughedtohearthenews.（原因）動(dòng)詞不定式與only連用時(shí)，可表示出乎意料的結(jié)果。Hewenttotheseasideonlytobedrowned.6）作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)A.常見(jiàn)的帶不定式做賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞：ask,order,adv

5、ise,want,teach,force,allow,expect,cause,tell,callon,dependon等。Iconsiderhimtobemybestfriend.Youcan，tdeptfeonhimtocomeontime.B.感官動(dòng)詞后如：(五看)see,watch,lookat,observe,notice,(兩聽(tīng))hear,listento(一感)feel,(三使役)let,make,have要帶省去to的不定式做賓補(bǔ)，但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，要加上to。IheardhersinganEnglishsongjustnow.Motherhadmego.totheshopand

6、buysomesalt.ShewasheardtosinganEnglishsongjustnow.Iwashadtogototheshopandtobuysomesalt.2 .6種變化形式:不7E式主動(dòng)形式被動(dòng)形式一般式todotobedone進(jìn)行式tobedoing完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone完成進(jìn)行式tohavebeendoingIhavemuchworktodo.我有很多工作要做。There'smuchworktobedone.有很多工作要做。It'snicetobesittingherewithyou.很高興和你坐在一起。It'sn

7、icetohavefinishedthework.很高興已經(jīng)完成了工作。Theworkseemedtohavebeenfinishedbeforethedeadline.工作似乎在截止日期前已經(jīng)完成了。Tohavebeenwaitingforalongmademeveryupset.等了刃B么久讓我彳艮煩。預(yù)習(xí)自測(cè)題I指出如下課文原句中動(dòng)詞不定式所作的句子成分并說(shuō)明其用法。I.Unfortunately,thedoctorsdon'tknowhowtomakemebetter,butIamveryoutgoingandhavelearnedtoadapttomydisability.(

8、)2.1 wastooweaktogotoschoolsomyeducationsuffered.()1.1 amhappytohavefoundmanythingsIcando,likewritingandcomputerprogramming.()4 .MyambitionistoworkforafirmthatdevelopscomputersoftwarewhenIgrowup.()5 .To100kaftermypetsproperlytakesalotoftimebutIfinditworthwhile.()6.IfIhadachancetosayonethingtohealthy

9、children,itwouldbethis:havingadisabilitydoesnotmeanyourlifeisnotsatisfying.()7.Justacceptthemforwhotheyare,andgivethemencouragementtoliveasrichandfullalifeasyoudo.()課堂檢測(cè)題單句語(yǔ)法填空1.1 tisnecessary(lock)thecarwhenyoudonotuseit.2 .Heoffered(help)me.3 .Mydreamis(be)adoctor.4 .Hehadnopen(write)with.5.1 come

10、hereonly(say)good-byetoyou.6.Weconsiderthis(be)veryimportant.7.Youhadbetter(hear)her(tell)thestoryagain.8.Theyhadnothingtodobut(move).當(dāng)堂訓(xùn)練題I用動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)下列句中的從旬。1.Shewasexcitedwhensheheardthenews.2.I'mgladthatIhaveseenyourmother.3 .Therearestillalotofdifficultieswehavetoovercome.4 .Attheendofthespe

11、echheexpressedthedesirethatheshouldcomeandworkinChina.n完成句子1 .(取笑別人)iswrong.2 .Hemanaged(按時(shí)完成任務(wù)).3 .Thegirl，sambitionis成為一名歌星).4 .Hehas(許多問(wèn)題要解決).5 .(為了趕上早班車),Igotupearly.6 .Ifindthesemathexercises(彳艮容易算出來(lái)).課后練習(xí)題一.語(yǔ)法填空Awardedtheright(host)theGamesonJuly1st,2004,Guangzhouwasleft2(be)thesolehostingcity

12、of2010AsianGames.Thisdecisioncameafterseveralothercitieswithdrew(退出).Seoulwithdrewafter3(consider)theshortspan(跨度)oftimebetween2002and2010,becauseSouthKoreahostedtheGameseightyearsbefore,backin2002inBusan.KualaLumpurwasforced4(withdraw)theirbid(申辦),duetothehighcostofhostingtheGames.The2010AsianGames

13、,werescheduled5(take)placeinGuangzhou,ChinafromNovember12thtoNovember27th,2010.GuangzhouwasthesecondcityinChina6(host)theGamesafterBeijingin1990.7totalof476eventsin42sportswerecontestedbyathletes,8(make)itthelargesteventinhistoryoftheGames.Itwasalsothelastone9(present)suchbigevents,astheOlympicCouncilofAsia(OCA)hasenforced(強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行)newhostingrulesforfuturegames,10(begin)withthe2014Games.二.單句改錯(cuò)。1. Ifoundquitenaturalforhimtosaveher.2. Afunnymovieoftenmakesustolaugh.3. Doesshehavetimecometometonight?4. Theyareoftenheardbyussingthissong.5. Everymorningthelittlegirlwouldbeobservedcross