書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區的她考研考博-英語-廣東茂名幼兒師范專科學校押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.單選題

Themotionpictureoriginatedwhenaseriesofstillphotographwereslicedandviewedinrapidsuccessiontocreatetheillusionofmovementandcontinuity.

問題1選項

A.reduced

B.joined

C.revised

D.titled

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。橫線單詞sliced意為“切下；把……分成部分；將……切成薄片”；A選項“reduced”意為“減少；縮小；使處于；把……分解”；B選項“joined”意為“參加；結合；連接”；C選項“revised”意為“修正；復習；校訂”；D選項“titled”意為“加標題于；賦予頭銜；把……稱為”。句意：電影起源于將一系列靜止的照片切成薄片，快速連續地觀看，以創造移動和連續性的幻覺。由題干可知，motionpicture（電影）最開始是以一系列靜止照片的形式觀看，可以推測出應該是將這些照片切成薄片，也就是膠片的樣子。由此可知，sliced在此處最可能是“將……切成薄片”的意思，四個選項中reduced具有“縮小，分解”的意思，與此相近。因此A選項符合題意。

2.單選題

Thefamousinventorwasawardedan（）doctoratebytheuniversity.

問題1選項

A.honored

B.honorary

C.honorific

D.honorable

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。honored“光榮的；榮幸的”；honorary“榮譽的；名譽的”；honorific“尊敬的；敬稱的”；honorable“尊敬的”。此處是要表達“榮譽博士”，選項B符合題意。

3.寫作題

Supposeyouwilltakepartinaclassdebatenextweek,andyouaregiventhedebatequestion"Whatshouldbeinpeople'sdiet,tohavewhatonejustwantsortojusteathealthyfood?"

Writeaspeechforthedebateandclarifyyourownviewpointtowardswhateveryourpositionwillbe(justoneposition).Butbesurethatyourargumentwillbesupportedwithampleexamplesorevidence.Doremembertoprovideatitleforyourspeech.

Thelengthofyourspeechisexpectedtobebetween250and300words.WriteyourspeechontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】略

4.單選題

Theshopassistantwasstraightwithhiscustomers.Ifanarticlewasof（）quality,he’dtellthemso.

問題1選項

A.humble

B.inferior

C.minor

D.awkward

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項humble“謙遜的、簡陋的”；B選項inferior“差的、自卑的”；C選項minor“較小的、次要的”；D選項awkward“尷尬的、笨拙的”，句意為：那個店員對顧客很坦率。如果商品質量低劣，他就會把它們換掉。inferiorquality為次等質量的意思，因此選項B符合題意。

5.單選題

Ittakesayearfortheearthtomakeeach（）,orrevolution,aroundthesun.

問題1選項

A.tour

B.travel

C.visit

D.trip

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項tour“旅行，旅游”，B項travel“長途旅行”，C項visit“訪問，逗留”，D項trip“（尤指短程往返的）旅行，（賽跑等）賽程”。根據關鍵詞earth（地球）和aroundthesun（圍繞太陽）可推測，空格處表示“旅程”，而根據語境，四個選項中能夠與make搭配的只有trip。句意：地球每繞太陽一周需要一年的時間。因此，該題D項正確。

6.單選題

WhatweseewhenwephotographtheSunisahugeglowingballofgas.Underneaththishotandextremelybrightphotosphereliesothergaswhile,inthecentralpartsoftheSun,atomsarecontinuallybeingbrokendownandbuiltup.InthecenteroftheSunitisjustasifhundredsofthousandsofhydrogenbombswerecontinuallyexploding,andtheresultsofthisreachthephotosphere.Thisiswhythephotosphereshinessobrightlyandsendsoutx-raysandultra-violetlight.Yetsometimesdarkspotsappearonthephotosphereandthese“sunspots”areevidenceofgreatlyincreasedactivitybelow.Whensunspotsappear,greatburstsofthelongerradiowavesareoftenreceived.Theseareathousandtimesmoreintensethanthosewhichradio-astronomersnormallyreceiveandwhichcomesfromwhatiscalled“quiet”Sun,beingradiatedbythecoronaandthe“chromospheres”thatlayerofnotverybrightgaswhichliesjustabovethephotosphere.

Theseimmenseburstsofradiowavesareusuallyaccompaniedbyanintenselybrightareaof“flare”nearasunspot,anditisclearthattheyarecausedbyasuddenburstofthermalradiationfrombelowthephotosphere.ThevisibleflareandtheburstofradiowavesarealsoaccompaniedbyaburstofX-rays,ultra-violetrays,andatomicparticles.

Whentherearesunspotsbutnoflaresaccompanyingthem,theradiowavesemittedbythe“quiet”sundonotremainconstantbutbegantofluctuate,andtheradiosignalsgraduallybecomestronger.Thesechangesdonotcorrelatewithchangesinthenumberofsunspots,althoughithasbeenemittedbythe“quiet”Sundonotremainconstantbutbegantofluctuate,andtheradiosignalsgraduallybecomestronger.Thesechangesdonotcorrelatewithchangesinthenumberofsunspots,althoughithasbeenfoundthattheradiowavesseemtobegeneratedintheSun’satmosphereabovethesunspotsandnotinthesunspotsthemselves.Thechangesinradiosignalsdo,however,correlatewiththecalciumareasoftheSun’sspectrum.

Radioastronomyhashelpedconsiderablytoincreaseourknowledgeofthecorona.Beingvisuallyverydim,thecoronaishardtoobservebyopticalmeans,evenduringtotaleclipses.DuringsomeeclipsesithasbeentracedquitealongwayfromtheSunbutwasbelievedtoextendnomorethanabouttwomillionmilesatthemostabovethephotosphere.Directradiationofradiowavesfromthecoronahasbeenreceivedduringdaylightuptoabout1.5millionmiles.However,byexaminingadistantradiosourceastheSunpassesinfrontofit,itispossibletodiscoverhowfarthecoronaextendsbyobservinghowtheradiowavesfromthedistantsourceareaffected.ItwasinthiswaythatProfessorsM.RyleandA.HewishatCambridgeUniversity,England,foundthatthecoronacouldbetracedouttomorethan6millionmiles,andinthelineoftheSun’sequatorto12millionmilesormore.IthaseverbeensuggestedthatthecoronaextendsasfarastheEarthitself.

1.Agoodtitleforthispassagewouldbe（）.

2.Fromthecenterout,thecorrectorderofthesun’slayersis（）.

3.Thephotosphereisthe（）.

4.Thepassagedoesnotmentioninformationdealingwiththe（）.

5.ProfessorM.RyleandA.Hewishhavefoundthatthesun’scorona（）.

問題1選項

A.WhatRadioAstronomyTellsUsAbouttheSunt

B.RadioAstronomyt

C.FactsAbouttheSun’sCoronat

D.TheNatureoftheSunt

問題2選項

A.photosphere,corona,chromospherest

B.spectrum,chromospheres,photosphere,coronat

C.corona,photosphere,chromospherest

D.photosphere,chromospheres,coronat

問題3選項

A.partofthesunweusuallyseet

B.layerofgaswhichformsthecoronat

C.areainthesunwhereatomsbreakdownandbuildupt

D.areaofthesunwhichsendsoutradiowavest

問題4選項

A.nuclearactivityinthecenterofthesunt

B.intensityofultra-violetraysintheearth’satmospheret

C.activityofthechromospherest

D.extentofthecoronat

問題5選項

A.extendsasfarastheearthitselft

B.canbemeasuredbynotingitseffectonradiowavespassingthroughitt

C.extendsnotmorethantwomillionmilesabovethephotospheret

D.givesoffx-rays

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。題干意思是“這篇文章最好的標題是什么？”。通讀文章，可知文章主要介紹太陽結構及其運行狀況，以及太陽對地球無線電的影響；第一段介紹了太陽的內部結構，第二段和第三段介紹太陽黑子對無線電波的影響，最后一段介紹射電天文學對太陽日冕的研究；D項“太陽的本質”最能概括本文的內容；A項“射電天文學告訴我們關于太陽的事”、B項“射電天文學”和C項“關于太陽日冕的事實”都只是部分提及，不夠全面。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

第2題:細節事實題。題干意思是“從中心往外看，太陽各層的正確順序是……”。文章第一段提到InthecenteroftheSunitisjustasifhundredsofthousandsofhydrogenbombswerecontinuallyexploding,andtheresultsofthisreachthephotosphere…beingradiatedbythecoronaandthe“chromospheres”thatlayerofnotverybrightgaswhichliesjustabovethephotosphere.（在太陽的中心，就好像成千上萬顆氫彈不斷地爆炸，最后到達光球層……被日冕層和位于光球層上方的一層不太亮的色球層輻射出來），由此可知，太陽層從內往外的順序是光球層、色球層、日冕層；所以D項“光球、色球、日冕”正確。A項“光球，日冕，色球”、B項“光譜，色球，光球，日冕”和C項“日冕，光球，色球”都是錯誤的。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

第3題:細節事實題。題干意思是“光球層是……”。根據文章第一段第二句Underneaththishotandextremelybrightphotosphereliesothergaswhile,inthecentralpartsoftheSun,atomsarecontinuallybeingbrokendownandbuiltup.（在這個炙熱而又極其明亮的光球層下面，還存在著其他氣體，而在太陽的中心部分，原子正在不斷地被分解和形成）可知，太陽的中心部分即光球層是用來分解和形成原子的，所以C項“太陽中原子分解和形成的區域”正確。A項“我們看到的部分太陽”，我們看到的太陽是光球層分解合成原子后所形成的太陽光，而非光球層本身；B項“形成日冕的氣體層”表述錯誤；D項“太陽發出無線電波的區域”，這是太陽黑子發射出來的。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

第4題:細節事實題。題干意思是“這篇文章沒有提到關于……的信息”。根據第一段第三句InthecenteroftheSunitisjustasifhundredsofthousandsofhydrogenbombswerecontinuallyexploding,andtheresultsofthisreachthephotosphere.（在太陽的中心，就好像成千上萬顆氫彈不斷地爆炸，結果到達光球層），可知A項“太陽中心的核活動”有提及；根據第一段第四句Thisiswhythephotosphereshinessobrightlyandsendsoutx-raysandultra-violetlight.（這就是光球發出如此明亮的光并發出x射線和紫外線的原因）可知，文章只提到了紫外線產生的原因，并未提及B項“地球大氣層中紫外線的強度”；根據第一段最后一句Theseareathousandtimesmoreintensethanthosewhichradio-astronomersnormallyreceiveandwhichcomesfromwhatiscalled“quiet”Sun,beingradiatedbythecoronaandthe“chromospheres”thatlayerofnotverybrightgaswhichliesjustabovethephotosphere.（這些輻射比射電天文學家通常接收到的輻射強一千倍，它們來自于被稱為“安靜”的太陽，由日冕和位于光球層上方的一層不太亮的色球層輻射而來）可知，C項“色球層的運動”在文中有提及；根據最后一段倒數第二句ItwasinthiswaythatProfessorsM.RyleandA.HewishatCambridgeUniversity,England,foundthatthecoronacouldbetracedouttomorethan6millionmiles,andinthelineoftheSun’sequatorto12millionmilesormore.（正是通過這種方式，英國劍橋大學的M.Ryle和A.Hewish教授發現日冕可以追溯到600萬英里以上，在太陽赤道線上可以追溯到1200萬英里以上）可知D項“日冕范圍”也有提及。因此，該題只有B項未提及，選擇B項正確。

第5題:細節事實題。題干意思是“M.Ryle和A.Hewish教授發現了太陽的日冕……”。根據文章倒數第三句話However,byexaminingadistantradiosourceastheSunpassesinfrontofit,itispossibletodiscoverhowfarthecoronaextendsbyobservinghowtheradiowavesfromthedistantsourceareaffected.（然而，當太陽從一個遙遠的射電源前面經過時，通過觀察來自遙遠的射電源的無線電波是如何受到影響的，就有可能發現日冕延伸了多遠）可知B項“可以通過注意它對通過它的無線電波的影響來測量”正確。A項“延伸到地球本身”，文章最后一句提到IthaseverbeensuggestedthatthecoronaextendsasfarastheEarthitself.（曾經有人認為日冕一直延伸到地球本身），可知這不是M.Ryle和A.Hewish教授的發現；根據文章倒數第二句ItwasinthiswaythatProfessorsM.RyleandA.HewishatCambridgeUniversity,England,foundthatthecoronacouldbetracedouttomorethan6millionmiles,andinthelineoftheSun’sequatorto12millionmilesormore.（正是通過這種方式，英國劍橋大學的M.Ryle和A.Hewish教授發現日冕可以追溯到600萬英里以上，在太陽赤道線上可以追溯到1200萬英里以上）可知，C項“在光球層上方延伸不超過200萬英里”和D項“放射x射線”在這里都未提及。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

7.單選題

Untilrecentlymostastronomersbelievedthatthespacebetweenthegalaxiesinouruniversewasanearperfectvacuum.Thisorthodoxviewoftheuniverseisnowbeingchallengedbyastronomerswhobelievethataheavy“rain”ofgasisfallingintomanygalaxiesfromthesupposedlyemptyspacearoundthem.Thegasapparentlycondensesintoacollectionofsmallsupposedlyemptyspacearoundthem.Thegasapparentlycondensesintoacollectionofsmallstars,eachalittlelargerthantheplanetJupiter.Thesestarsvastlyoutnumbertheotherstarsinagivengalaxy.Theamountof“intergalacticrainfall”intosomeofthesegalaxieshasbeenenoughtodoubletheirmassinthetimesincetheyformed.Scientistshavebeguntosuspectthatthisintergalacticgasisprobablyamixtureofgasesleftoverfromthe“bigbang”whenthegalaxieswereformedandgaswasforcedoutofgalaxiesbysupernovaexplosions.

Itiswellknownthatwhengasiscooledataconstantpressureitsvolumedecreases.Thus,thephysicistFabianreasonedthatasintergalacticgascools,thecoolergasshrinksinwardtowardthecenterofthegalaxy.Meanwhileitsplaceistakenbyhotterintergalacticgasfromfartheroutontheedgeofthegalaxy,whichcoolsasitiscompressedandflowsintothegalaxy.Thenetresultisacontinuousflowofgas,startingashotgasesinintergalacticspaceandendingasadrizzleofcoolgascalleda“coolingflow,”fallingintothecentralgalaxy.Afairlyhereticalideainthe1970’s,thecooling-flowtheorygainedsupportwhenFabianobservedaclusterofgalaxiesintheconstellationPerseusandfoundthecentralgalaxy,NGC1275,tobeastrange-lookingobjectwithirregular,thinstrandsofgasradiatingfromit.Accordingtopreviousspeculation,thesestrandsweregasesthathadbeenblownoutbyanexplosioninthegalaxy.Fabian,however,disagreed.BecausethestrandsofgasradiatingfromNGC1275arevisibleinopticalphotographs,Fabiansuggestedthatsuchstrandsconsistednotofgasblownoutofthegalaxybutofcoolingflowsofgasstreaminginward.Henotedthatthewavelengthsoftheradiationemittedbyagaswouldchangeasthegascooled,sothatasthegasflowedintothegalaxyandbecamecooler,itwouldemitnotx-rays,butvisiblelight,likethatwhichwascapturedinthephotographs.Fabian’shypothesiswassupportedbyCanizares’determinationin1982thatmostofthegasinthePerseusclusterwasatatemperatureof80milliondegreesKelvin,whereasthegasimmediatelysurroundingNGC1275(thesubjectofthephotographs)wasatone-tenththistemperature.

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto______.

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat,ifFabianiscorrect,gasintheperipheralregionsofagalaxycluster______.

3.Accordingtothepassage,Fabianbelievesthatgasflowingintoacentralgalaxyhaswhichofthefollowingcharacteristics?

4.TheauthorofthepassageprobablymentionsCanizares’determinationinorderto______.

問題1選項

A.illustrateahypothesisabouttheoriginofgalaxies

B.provideevidencetodisputeanacceptedtheoryabouttheevolutionofgalaxies

C.summarizethestateofandprospectsforresearchinintergalacticastronomy

D.reconcileopposingviewsontheformationofintergalacticgas

問題2選項

A.streamsoutwardintointergalacticspace

B.iscomposedprimarilyofgasleftoverfromthebigbang

C.ishotterthangasinthecentralregionsofthegalaxy

D.expandstoincreasethesizeofthegalaxy

問題3選項

A.Itisone-tenthhotterthanitwasintheouterregionsofthegalaxycluster.

B.Itemitsradiationwithwavelengthsthatchangeasthegasmovestowardthecenterofthegalaxy.

C.Thetotalamountofradiationemitteddiminishesasthegascools.

D.Itcondensesataratemuchslowerthantherateofdecreaseintemperatureasthegasflowsinward.

問題4選項

A.clarifyanambiguityinFabian’sresearchfindings

B.illustrateageneralizationaboutthetemperatureofgasinagalaxycluster

C.introduceanewargumentinsupportoftheorthodoxviewofgalaxies

D.providesupportforFabian’sassertionsaboutthePerseusgalaxies

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】1.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“文章的主要目的是……”。文章的第一段提出了不同的宇宙的正統觀點并做了初步介紹：Thisorthodoxviewoftheuniverseisnowbeingchallengedbyastronomerswhobelievethataheavy“rain”ofgasisfallingintomanygalaxiesfromthesupposedlyemptyspacearoundthem.（這種關于宇宙的正統觀點現在正受到天文學家的挑戰，他們認為一場巨大的氣體“雨”正從許多星系周圍的所謂真空落入它們）；接著第二段就圍繞具體的內容展開闡述，提出了不同天文學家的不同的看法；由此可以推知文章的目的是為反駁關于星系進化的被接受的理論提供證據，B項“提供證據來爭論關于星系演化的公認理論”符合題意；A項“舉例說明一個關于星系起源的假說”和D項“調和關于星系間氣體形成的不同觀點”只是文章其中的一部分；C項“綜述了星系間天文學的研究現狀和前景”，文中沒有提到天文學的研究現狀和前景。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

2.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“從這篇文章中可以推斷出，如果Fabian是正確的，在一個星系團的外圍區域的氣體……”。根據第二段的第二句和第三句Thus,thephysicistFabianreasonedthatasintergalacticgascools,thecoolergasshrinksinwardtowardthecenterofthegalaxy.Meanwhileitsplaceistakenbyhotterintergalacticgasfromfartheroutontheedgeofthegalaxy,whichcoolsasitiscompressedandflowsintothegalaxy.（因此，物理學家Fabian推斷，當星系間氣體冷卻時，冷卻的氣體會向星系中心收縮。與此同時，它的位置被來自更遠星系邊緣的較熱的氣體所取代，這些氣體冷卻和壓縮并流入星系。）可知，Fabian認為一個星系團的外圍區域的氣體要比星系中心熱，C項“比星系中心區域的氣體還要熱”正確；A項“流向星系間的空間”，這是當星系間氣體冷卻時，冷卻的氣體會流向星系中心，題干問的是星系團的外圍氣體；B項“主要是由大爆炸留下的氣體組成”和D項“擴大增加了星系的體積”沒有提到。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

3.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細節事實題。題干意思是“根據文章，Fabian認為流入中央星系的氣體具有以下哪一個特征？”。由第二段倒數第二句Henotedthatthewavelengthsoftheradiationemittedbyagaswouldchangeasthegascooled,sothatasthegasflowedintothegalaxyandbecamecooler,itwouldemitnotx-rays,butvisiblelight,likethatwhichwascapturedinthephotographs.（Fabian指出，隨著氣體冷卻，氣體發出的輻射波長會發生變化，因此當氣體流入星系并變得更冷時，它不會發出x射線，而是發出可見光，就像照片中捕捉到的那樣）可知，Fabian認為流入中央星系的氣體發出的輻射波長會隨著氣體向星系中心移動而發生變化，B項“它發出的輻射波長隨著氣體向星系中心移動而變化”正確；由第二段最后一句Fabian’shypothesiswassupportedbyCanizares’determinationin1982thatmostofthegasinthePerseusclusterwasatatemperatureof80milliondegreesKelvin,whereasthegasimmediatelysurroundingNGC1275(thesubjectofthephotographs)wasatone-tenththistemperature.（Fabian的假設得到了1982年Canizares的支持，即英仙座星系團的大部分氣體溫度為8000萬開氏度，而緊鄰NGC1275的氣體溫度僅為這個溫度的十分之一）可知，星系團外圍區域的溫度僅為星系團溫度的十分之一，A項“它比星系團外圍區域的溫度高十分之一”錯誤；C項“隨著氣體冷卻，放射出的輻射總量減少”，文中沒有提到發出的輻射量是增多還是減少；D項“當氣體向內流動時，它冷凝的速度比溫度下降的速度要慢得多”沒提到。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

4.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“這篇文章的作者提到Canizares的決定可能是為了……”。第二段最后一句提到Fabian’shypothesiswassupportedbyCanizares’determinationin1982thatmostofthegasinthePerseusclusterwasatatemperatureof80milliondegreesKelvin,whereasthegasimmediatelysurroundingNGC1275(thesubjectofthephotographs)wasatone-tenththistemperature.（Fabian的假設得到了1982年Canizares的支持，即英仙座星系團的大部分氣體溫度為8000萬開氏度，而緊鄰NGC1275的氣體溫度僅為這個溫度的十分之一），可推知作者提到Canizares的決定是為了對Fabian關于英仙座星系的斷言提供支持，D項“為Fabian關于英仙座星系的斷言提供支持”符合題意；A項“澄清Fabian研究結果中的一個歧義”，文中沒有提到歧義；B項“舉例說明一個關于星系團中氣體溫度的概括”并不是文章提到Canizares的目的；C項“引入一個新的論點來支持正統的星系觀點”，文章在這里是用來支持Fabian的假設，而非正統的星系觀點。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

8.單選題

ThereareAmericanswhovisitFranceandcomebacksaying“theFrencharesorude.”Ifeeldifferently.IthinkAmericansperceiveFrenchbehavior“rude”becauseitdoesn'tfollowAmericanrules.Youcan'tassumethateveryoneinFranceshouldspeakEnglish.Youcan'tapproachaFrenchstrangerwithabigAmericanhelloand“howareyou”andexpectthemtorespondinkind.However,ifyoulookthemintheeye,giveaslightnodwithagentlehello,theywillrespondfavorably.

MostFrenchpeopleImeetaresubtleanddignified.Theyarenotloud,andtheyarereservedintheirexpressions.Weliketosaywordslike“great”,“magnificent”,or“marvelous”TheFrenchwillsay“pasmal”(notbad)eveniftheywinthelottery!AndyouwillbewrongifyouthinkEuropeansdon'thavetheirownnegativeideaofAmericans.MostyoungEuropeansI'vemetviewAmericansas“fake”andloud,sincewedotendtohavebighellosandsmilesforstrangersandask“howareyou”andwalkawaybeforearesponse.WeshouldmakeaconsciousefforttoshowtheFrenchthatwecanadjusttooursurroundings,andthatwedon'texpecttoenteraforeigncountryandhaveeverythingbejustaswewishittobe.

Iwasn’tabletocompletelyforgetmyAmericanrootsduringmystay.Iwasstilltheonegettingstrangelookswearingmysandalsinthecold(withsocksofcourse).Iwasstilltheonewiththeloudestlaugh.AndIcouldneverquitegetmyvoicetothatlevelwhichis“loudenoughforthewaitertohearbutnotnearbydiners”IwillalwaysfeelabitlikeanawkwardteenagerasIstumblemywayaroundEurope.IwasveryluckyinthatmyFrenchfriendsinsistedmyAmericanidiosyncrasies(習性)werecharminganddeservingofacceptance.

SolookattheFrenchinanewlight.Theyhavearichculture,arichpast.Icanattesttothefactthatifyouarekindandpolite,youwillgainfriends,andperhapsevenimproveforeignrelations!

1.Accordingtothepassage,whatmakesAmericansthinkthattheFrencharerude?

2.ComparedwithAmericans,theFrenchtendto（）whentheygivecompliments.

3.Whichoftheflowingdoestheauthorprobablyagree?

4.Themainpurposeofthepassagecanbebestputasto（）.

問題1選項

A.ThewayFrenchpeoplegreetstrangersinpublicisimpoliteandunkind.

B.ThewayFrenchpeoplebehavediffersfromwhatAmericansareusedto.

C.FewFrenchholdafriendlyorfavorableattitudetowardEnglishspeakers.

D.FewFrenchrespondtostrangersgentleandkindgreetingsfavorably.

問題2選項

A.speakataloudanddignifiedvoice

B.avoidusingnegativeexpressions

C.choosesubtleandmoderateexpressions

D.begenerousandsomewhatexaggerating

問題3選項

A.Oneshouldsticktohisownculturewhenhecommunicateswithforeigners.

B.Oneshouldfullyadapttotheculturalnormsofaforeigncountryhelivesin.

C.Onecankeepsomerulesofhisnativeculturewhenlivinginaforeigncounty.

D.Onecaneasilymakefriendswithforeignersbylearningtheiridiosyncrasies

問題4選項

A.explainaculturalconceptbycomparingtwopeoples’behaviors

B.tellatruestorybasedontheauthor’sownexperienceinaforeigncountry

C.proveapopularviewonanationbyuseoflogicalreasoning

D.refuteanationalstereotypewithevidencefromtheauthor'sownexperience

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:D

【解析】1.細節事實題。根據題干定位到原文第一段“IthinkAmericansperceiveFrenchbehavior"rude"becauseitdoesn'tfollowAmericanrules.”我認為美國人認為法國人的行為“粗魯”，因為它不遵守美國的規則。A選項“法國人與陌生人在公眾場合打招呼的方式是不禮貌和不友好的”，B選項“法國人與美國人的行為方式所習慣的不同”，C選項“很少有法國人對說英語的人持友好或有利的態度”。D選項“很少有法國人會親切地問候陌生人”。因此，B選項符合題意。

2.細節事實題。根據題干定位到第二段首句“MostFrenchpeopleImeetaresubtleanddignified.”A選項“大聲而莊重的說話”，B選項“避免使用消極的表達”，C選項“選擇微妙和適度的表達”。D選項“慷慨一點，夸張一點”。因此，C選項符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。根據題干定位到原文中的“Iwasn'tabletocompletelyforgetmyAmericanrootsduringmystay.Iwasstilltheonegettingstrangelookswearingmysandalsinthecold(withsocksofcourse).”在逗留期間，我沒能完全忘記我的美國根。我仍然是那個在寒冷的天氣里穿著涼鞋(當然是襪子)，被別人奇怪地看著的人。對應C選項“一個人在異國他鄉生活時，可以保持一些本國文化的規則”。A選項“當一個人與外國人交流時，他應該堅持自己的文化”。“WeshouldmakeaconsciousefforttoshowtheFrenchthatwecanadjusttooursurroundings,andthatwedon'texpecttoenteraforeigncountryandhaveeverythingbejustaswewishittobe.”我們應該有意識地向法國人表明，我們能夠適應我們的環境，我們不希望進入一個外國，一切都像我們希望的那樣。可得知A選項錯誤。B選項“一個人應該完全適應他所生活的外國的文化規范”，完全適應過于絕對。D選項“通過了解外國人的性格特點，我們可以很容易地和他們交朋友”。原文沒有提到。因此，C選項符合題意。

4.作者意圖題。題目問的是這篇文章的主要目的最好的解釋是什么，定位到文章的首段“ThereareAmericanswhovisitFranceandcomebacksaying"theFrencharesorude."Ifeeldifferently.”有些美國人到法國旅游回來后說:“法國人太粗魯了。”我感覺不一樣。后文也是用自己的親身經歷來反駁這些美國人的觀點。A選項“通過比較兩個人的行為來解釋一個文化概念”，B選項“根據作者自己在國外的經歷講一個真實的故事”，C選項“用邏輯推理證明一個國家的流行觀點”，D選項“用作者自己的經驗來反駁國家的刻板印象”。因此，D選項符合題意。

9.單選題

TheyaregoingtoLondon,buttheir（）destinationisRome.

問題1選項

A.ultimate

B.prime

C.next

D.cardinal

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。ultimate“最終的”；prime“主要的，最好的”；next“接下來的”；cardinal“主要的，基本的；深紅色的”。句意：他們打算去倫敦，但是他們最終的目的地是羅馬。選項A符合題意。

10.單選題

Thereiscurrentlyaboardanewwaveofappreciationforbreadthofknowledge.Curriculaatuniversitiesandcollegesandprogramsinfederalagenciesextolthevirtuesofabroadeducation.Forscientistswhoworkinspecializedjobs,itisapleasuretoescapeinoursparetimetoreadbroadlyinfieldsdistantfromourown.Someofushavemadeinterdisciplinarystudyinouroccupation,whichisnosurprise,becausemuchoftheintellectualactioninoursocietytodayliesattheinterfacesbetweentraditionaldisciplines.Environmentalscienceisagoodexample,becauseitfrequentlyrequiresustobeconversantinseveraldifferentsciencesandevensomeunscientificfields.

Experiencingthisbreadthofknowledgeisstimulating,butsoisdelvingdeeplyintoasubject.Botharewonderfulexperiencesthatarecomplementarypracticalandaestheticways.Theyarelikeviewingthemarveloussculptureofknowledgeintwodifferentways.Lookatthesculpturefromoneperspectiveandyouseethepieceinitsentirety,howitscomponentsconnecttogiveitform,balance,andsymmetry.Fromanotherviewpointyouseeitsdetail,depthandmass.Thereisnoneedtochoosebetweenthesetwoperspectivesinart.Todosowouldsubtractfromthetotalityofthefigure.

Soitiswithscience.Sometimeswegazethroughasubjectandarereluctanttostopfortoomuchdetail.Aschemists,wearefascinatedbycomputerscienceormoleculargenetics,butnotenoughtobecomeanexpert.Orwemaybeinterestedinananalyticaltechniquebutnotenoughtostayatitscuttingedge.Atothertimes,webecomeimmersedinthedetailofasubjectandseeitsbeautyinanentirelydifferentwaythanwhenwebrowse.Itisasifwepenetratethesurfaceofthesculptureandpassthroughthecrystalstructuretothemolecularlevelwherethecodefortheentirestructureisrevealed.

Unfortunately,inourzealforbreadthordepth,weoftenfeelthatitisnecessarytodiminishthevalueoftheother.Specialistsaresometimesridiculedwithnamedsuchas“nerd”or“technocrats”,generalistsareoftencriticizedforbeingtoo“soft”orknowingtoolittleaboutanyonething.Bothareludicrousaccusationsthatdenyapartoftherealityofenvironmentalscience.Letusnotbedividedbyourpassionfordepthorbreadth.Thebeautythatawaitsusoneitherrouteistooprecioustostifle,toowonderfultodiminishbybickering.

1.Fromabroadeducationtointerdisciplinarystudy,wecansee（）.

2.Thecommentatorwouldsaythatthetotalityofthesculptureofknowledge（）.

3.Justbecausewebecomeengrossedinthedetailofasubject,accordingtothecomment,doesnotmeanthatwe（）.

4.Itiscommentator’scontentionthatneitherspecialistsnorgeneralist（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.theintegrationoftheorywithpractice

B.theenthusiasmforbreadthofknowledge

C.therapiddivisionoftraditionaldisciplines

D.theconfrontationbetweenspecialistsandgeneralists

問題2選項

A.ismainlycomposedoftwoelements

B.presentstwodifferentpointsofview

C.cannotbeperceivedfromoneperspective

D.isawholemadeupofcomplementaryelements

問題3選項