1、中英文對照常用建筑設計用詞第一節 總 平 面Chapter1: Site Planning一、在方案設計階段，總平面專業設計文件應包括：I. During the conceptual design period, the overall design documents should include: 1. 設計說明書；1. Design Description;2. 設計圖紙。2. Drawings.二、設計說明書II. Design Description應對總體方案構思意圖作詳盡的文字闡述，并應列出技術經濟指標表包括總用地面積；總建筑面積；建筑占地面積；各主要建筑物的名稱、層數、高度；

2、以及建筑容積；覆蓋率；道路廣場鋪砌面積；綠化面積；綠化率；必要時及有條件情況下計算場地初平土方工程量等。Design description should include detailed explanation about the idea of the overall design as well as a list of technical-economic indices (such as site area, total floor area, built-up area, major buildings names, levels and height, plot ratio, c

3、overage rate, paving area of roads and plazas, green area, afforestation rate, calculation of land leveling earthwork if necessary and applicable, etc).三、設計圖紙III. Drawings.1. 用地范圍的區域位置；1. Site Location;2. 用地紅線范圍各角點測量座標值、場地現狀標高、地形地貌及其它現狀情況反映；2. Site Scope Defined by Building Lines (coordinates of ang

4、le points, current site level, terrain and landform, etc);3. 用地與周圍環境情況反映如用地外圍城市道路；市政工程管線設施；原有建筑物、構筑物；四鄰擬建建筑及原有古樹名木、歷史文化遺址保護等。3. Context of the Site (such as exterior urban streets, municipal pipelines and facilities, existing buildings and structures, buildings to be constructed, old and valuable tr

5、ees, and heritage sites, etc).4. 總平面布局，其功能分區、總體布置及空間組合的考慮；道路廣場布置；場地主要出入口車流、人流的交通組織分析并應說明按規定計算的停車泊位數和實際布置的停車泊位數量；以及其它反映方案特性的有關分析；消防、人防、綠化等全面考慮。4. General Layout Plan including functional sub-areas, general layout, combination of various spaces, analysis of vehicle and pedestrian movement through majo

6、r entrances and exits (including required and actual parking space), other relevant analysis reflecting the proposals uniqueness, considerations on fire-fighting, air defense and planting, etc.5根據工程特點和招標人的要求提供的功能分析圖、交通分析圖、環境綠化景觀分析圖、日照分析圖、內部流線分析圖等5. (According to the developments uniqueness and upon

7、the bidders requirements) drawings of function analysis, traffic analysis, planting and landscape analysis, sunshine analysis, and interior drainage line analysis, etc.第二節 建 筑Chapter 2: Architectural Design一、在方案設計階段，建筑專業設計文件應包括：I. During the conceptual design period, the architectural design documen

8、ts should include:1. 設計說明書；1. Design Description;2. 設計圖紙；2. Drawings.二、設計說明書II. Design Description1. 設計依據及設計要求：1. Basis and Requirements:1方案任務書或上級主管部門下達的立項批文、工程可行性研究報告批文、合資協議書批文等；1) Project plan, or project approval document, feasibility report approval document and joint-investment agreement approv

9、al document issued by relevant authorities;2紅線圖或土地使用批準文件；2) Map of building lines, or land use approval document;3城市規劃、人防等部門對建筑提供的設計要求；3) Requirements on building design by urban planning and air defense agencies, etc.4建立單位簽發的設計委托書及使用要求；4) Entrustment certificate of design and usage requirements giv

10、en by the builder;5可作為設計依據的其它有關文件。5) Other relevant documents used as basis for design.2. 建筑設計的內容和范圍：2. Content and Scope of Architectural Design:簡述建筑地點及其周圍環境、交通條件以及建筑用地的有關情況，如用地大小、形狀及地形地貌，水文地質，供水、供電、供氣，綠化，朝向等情況。Brief introduction of the sites location, context, traffic conditions and other relevant

11、 information such as site area size, shape, terrain, landform, hydrology, geology, water supply, power supply, gas supply, afforestation and orientation, etc.3. 方案設計所依據的技術準那么，如建筑類別、防火等級、抗震烈度、人防等級確實定和建筑及裝修標準等。3. Technical standards used as basis for conceptual design, such as determination methods of

12、 building type, fire rating, anti-seismic property, air-defense level as well as architectural and decoration standards, etc.4. 設計構思和方案特點。包括功能分區，交通組織，防火設計和平安疏散，自然環境條件和周圍環境的利用，日照、自然通風、采光，建筑空間的處理，立面造型，構造選型和柱網選擇等。4. Design Idea and Development Features including functional sub-areas, traffic arrangemen

13、t, fire-fighting design and safe evacuation, utilization of natural environment and context, sunshine, natural airing, daylight, arrangement of architectural spaces, facades, structure type and post network, etc.5. 垂直交通設施。包括自動扶梯和電梯的選型、數量及功能劃分。5. Vertical Traffic Facilities: Including the types, numb

14、ers and functions of automatic escalators and lifts.6. 關于節能措施方面的必要說明，特殊情況下還要對音響、溫、濕度等作專門說明。6. Explanations on energy-saving measures. Special explanations on hi-fis, temperature and moisture may be necessary under certain circumstances.7. 有關技術經濟指標及參數，如建筑總面積和各功能分區的面積，層高和建筑總高度。其它如住宅中的戶型、戶室比、每戶建筑面積和使用面

15、積，旅館建筑中不同標準的客房間數、床位數等。7. Technical-economic indices and parameters, such as total floor area, area of functional sub-areas, floor height and total building height, etc. Other parameters include residential unit types, percentage of different unit types, floor area and usable area of each unit, as we

16、ll as number of various guest rooms and beds for hotel buildings.主要技術經濟指標Major Technical-economic Indices總用地面積M Total Site Area M總建筑面積M Total Floor Area M地上： On Ground:地下： Underground:建筑基底面積M Base Area M容積率% Plot Ratio % F A R建筑密度% Site coverage Intensity %綠地面積M Planting Area M綠地率% Green Ratio %汽車停車

17、位 個 Parking Space for Vehicles地上： 輛 On Ground: (for how many vehicles)地下： 輛 Underground: (for how many vehicles)自行車位 個 Parking Space for Bicycles地下： 輛 Underground: (for how many Bicycles)地上： 輛 Underground: (for how many Bicycles)公共建筑可根據招標文件要求增加主要功能區分層面積表、旅館建筑的客房構成、醫院建筑的門診人次及病床數、圖書館建筑的藏書、觀演和體育建筑的座位數等

18、。住宅小區方案應增加戶型統計表。Other indices include area of functional sub-areas for public buildings, room composition for hotels, outpatient visits and beds for hospitals, number of books for libraries, number of seats for performance and sports buildings, etc. Besides, a unit-type statistical table is required

19、 for residential developments. 三、設計圖紙III. Drawings.1. 平面圖主要使用層平面；1. Floor Plan (for major floors);1底層平面及其他主要使用層平面的總尺寸、柱網尺寸或開間、進深尺寸可用比例尺表示；1) General dimensions, post network dimensions, width and depth of the ground floor and other major floors (allowed to be shown in scale);2功能分區和主要房間的名稱少數房間，如衛生間、廚

20、房等可以用室內布置代替房間名稱。必要時要畫標準間或功能特殊建筑中的主要功能用房的放大平面和室內布置；2) Names of functional sub-areas and major rooms (some rooms, such as toilets and kitchen, etc, can use interior furnishing as substitute for their names). Zoom-in layout and interior furnishing plan of a standard room or major functional rooms in a

21、special functional building may be required;3要反映各種出入口及水平和垂直交通的關系。室內車庫還要畫出停車位和行車路線；3) Connections between various entrances and exits, horizontal traffic and vertical traffic must be shown. Besides, parking spaces and driving routes must be shown on the drawing of an indoor garage;4要反映構造受力體系中承重墻、柱網、剪

22、力墻等位置關系；4) Location relationship of load-bearing walls, post network and shear walls in a stressed structural system must be shown;5注明主要樓層、地面、屋面的標高關系；5) Level relationship of major floors, the ground and the roof must be indicated;6剖面位置及編號。6) Location and serial number of each section plane.2. 立面圖：根

23、據立面造型特點，選繪有代表性的和主要的立面，并說明立面的方位、主要標高以及與之有直接關系的其它原有建筑和部位立面。2. Elevations: showing representative and major facades with their locations and levels, as well as the facades of other (existing) relevant buildings and parts.3. 剖面圖：應剖在高度和層數不同、空間關系比擬復雜的主體建筑的縱向及橫向相應部位。一般應剖到樓梯，并注明各層的標高。建筑層數多、功能關系復雜時，還要注明層次及各層的主要功能關系。3. Sections: illustrating the main buildings various longitudinal and traversal sections on different heights and floors and with complex spatial relationships. Usually the sections should be cut away to staircases, and