1、The sustainable development of China's real estate literature reviewAbstract: At present our country's economic and social development has come to a critical of the order Section, however the development of estate industry of the national economy has a profound effect. Estate Production of s

2、ustainable development is related to realize industry itself good circulation of new way of thinking, is Social harmony, so it is a very important position. This paper discusses The definition of sustainable development of real estate, problems and solving thinking and evaluating square Method are r

3、eviewed.Key words: Sustainable development Real estate 1 econnotation of sustainable development of estateSustainable development is the 1980s proposed a new concept. In 1987 world commission of environment and development in the future of our common report first expounds the concept of sustainable

4、development, get the international community's broad consensus. Sustainable development refers to satisfy the requirement of modern and does not damage the ability of future generations to meet demand.The real estate industry sustainable development consists of two party of meanings: one refers

5、to the real estate industry development should not only meet the people of various real estate product demand and to meet the needs of the development of future generations. Among them, including the sustainable utilization of land resources, the stability of the housing industry coordinated develop

6、ment, real estate market of perfect and living environment improvement, etc.; 2 it is we should not only keep industry unceasingly growth while the national economy and society and coordinated development of other industries, including social equity; The sustainability of resource development and ut

7、ilization, such as land resources, spatial resources, building the sustainability of resource utilization, Industrial development of coordination and so on.The real estate industry sustainable development should be the houses, owner and environmental three elements as a whole, the emphasis on the us

8、e of natural resources and protection, to reach the demand for natural nature with the balance between the returns. The concept of sustainable development of real estate industry can be summarized as two points: one is to meet people and their children for housing and other real estate product needs

9、, Two is to keep the real estate industry and urban planning and national economy coordinated development of other industries, maintenance and construction and good ecological environment, its construction and how to use it if in harmony with the environment, will create beautiful environment and ur

10、ban layout.The sustainable development of real estate industry, is in dealing with good urban planning, energy saving, on the basis of solving the momentary interests and long-term interests relation, the local interest and the overall benefit relations, economic benefits and social benefit relation

11、s, sustainable development and sustainable growth, achieve real estate construction planning form, residential function, environmental benefits and cultural features of sustainable development.Anyhow domestic scholars on its definition is almost the same, we can be in them on the basis of sustainabl

12、e development of real estate defined as: should not only meet the diverse needs of contemporary of real estate, and rational utilization of land resources, protect the ecological environment, for future generations of production and life, create the necessary space development condition, is real est

13、ate economy and population, resources, environment, social coordinated development result.2 About sustainable development of real estate existing problemsOur country is in the harmonious society's transformation period, the economic development and environment protection problems are more promin

14、ent. And real estate industry of our country late start, foundation is bad, and facing the population, resources and the huge restriction. Therefore it is necessary to understand the sustainable development of real estate in our country face possible problems.Our country exists 4 of sustainable deve

15、lopment of real estate industry in our country pressure factors: consumer demand pressure, speculative demand pressures, environment and resource pressure and international competition.Our existing 3 unsustainable affects real estate development. The first for land resources and labor resources of u

16、nsustainable. In the only land resources, among which there are most is that there is no way for the development of regional development of land resources more scarce. Also exist waste of resources and erosion. Through the relevant domestic institutions of population prediction description of the po

17、pulation age structure changing trends found that supply condition will be decreased year. According to the theory of supply and demand, if the supply reduce then will bring prices to rise, which will bring about labor demand higher real estate industry adversely.There are 4 main problems in the sus

18、tainable development of real estate must solve. First of all a waste of resources and erosion. Due to develop out of control and disorderly development, cause of land resources squandered and the loss of state-owned assets. Then is the commodity house KongZhiLiang increase, and are further expanded.

19、 The third is real estate development in the short-term, causing damage to ecological environment. The developer one-sided pursuit of economic, cause building density high, cubage is exorbitant, lack of green space, some real estate development and construction to neglect the ecological environment

20、protection and construction. The last part is the real estate industry development and financial relationship has not straighten, real estate development lack of stable source of funds.China's real estate developing problems mainly displays in: first, develop out of control, cause disorder devel

21、opment of land resources squandered and the loss of state-owned assets, The second overall, structural distortions in supply and demand and caused a lot of vacancy, The third estate development of large short-term, on the ecological environment enormous destruction; Housing design, unreasonable dist

22、ribution, technology content is low, causing the waste of resources and destruction.In conclusion, we can be summarized as problem 3. The first aspect is the waste of resources and environmental jealousy. In order to obtain the existing interests, developers behavior caused social increased costs. T

23、he second aspect is the market supply and demand structure, a large number of vacancy commodity house caused distortions in supply and demand. And the third way is market policy environment, including the developers of policies and real estate finance market policies.3 About sustainable development

24、of real estate solution countermeasures and methodsPush the real estate industry sustainable development needs three aspects. One is to internalize the externality, drive market main body. Solve existing externality problem. A more effective way is through the relevant financial and tax policy desig

25、n, be possible externality internalizes the economic cost or income, so as to drive market main body into sustainable development mode. 2 it is to establish a standardized market, calling for long-term economic. Three is guide and promote the healthy development of excess demand.To increase national

26、 macro-control, improve the land resource utilization efficiency, through the economy applicable room control prices and perfecting relevant legislation to solve the existing problems.Face foam scientific regulation, to prevent the economy from overheating there is to be a powerful macroeconomic con

27、trol. Third, regulate land market, insist to cherish, rational utilization of land and protecting cultivated land basic state policy. He thinks that real estate sustainable development depends on unceasing innovation.The real estate industry sustainable development of basic ideas: the first standard

28、 land management and planning management, improve the relations of the urban planning scientific, The second take effective measures to promote the vacancy of sale of commodity, The third adjustment real estate product structure, prevent new vacancy appear; The fourth attached great importance to en

29、vironmental protection and maintaining ecological balance, The fifth improve design level, increase the houses high-tech content.According to the above problems, we also can be divided into three aspects. Countermeasures The first is the government should strengthen the rules to protect resources an

30、d environmental damage. The second is to strengthen macro-control is to guide the developer's behavior. The third is to perfect and real estate market relevant policies and regulations.4 property of sustainable development of evaluation systemAccording to the completeness, practicability, correl

31、ation and forward-looking, create the principle of combining urban real estate industry sustainable development evaluation index system. It includes economic evaluation factors, population evaluation factors, social evaluation factors, resource evaluation factors and environmental evaluation factors

32、 from five aspects. Among them, the economic evaluation factors including per capita GDP, urban residents' per capita consumer spending, development of real estate investment growth, the real estate industry added value of GDP; Population evaluation factors include urban population density, urba

33、n population growth rate; Social evaluation factors including urbanization level, the real estate industry employment, city gas popularization, real estate professionals Labour remuneration rate, Environmental evaluation factors include urban per capita public greenbelt area, city life sewage treatm

34、ent, the finished green coverage, Resource evaluation factors including land development area, urban per capita growth residential usable floor area, on average, life-water quantity, housing construction completion rate. Using these index established efficacy function,draw evaluations, and the resul

35、t delimited 5 grades.Will recycle economy theory is introduced based on real estate, construction of the real estate industry recycling economy index system. They think that real estate industry also have their own 3R principle, reduction, REUSE mt, REUSE and RECYCLE RECYCLE. And their energy, resou

36、rces index, land use index, the specific contents of the environmental indicators with 3R principle for analysis, that the final conclusion.Through the economy, resources and environment, population and society are analyzed, in terms of macroscopic perspective of these factors on the influence of re

37、al estate industry, founded the real estate evaluation index system, it includes four index system: economic index system (including economic level, the economic structure, economic benefits and economic ability two-level index); etc. Resource utilization of index system (including water, land, fore

38、st, mineral, energy, and comprehensive utilization two-level index); etc. Environmental index system (including water, land, atmosphere, waste, noise and environmental protection index class 2); Population and society index system (population, employment, people's life, public security, satisfac

39、tion); System with science and education index system (including science and education investment, science and technology development degree, science and output and system for two-level index), the real estate industry sustainable development provides evaluations. And introduced the use of analytic

40、hierarchy process (AHP) real estate industry sustainable development level assessment method.Anyhow, scholars created real estate industry sustainable development evaluation index system, this paper introduces the level of the sustainable development of real estate industry assessment method. For th

41、e sustainable development of real estate appraisal system established the foundation. In my opinion, to establish the system of sustainable development of real estate industry must be from many aspects, whether in government, developers or buyers all should with relevant principles as guidance, to e

42、stablish real estate sustainable development system.References:1. ZhaoHuaPing, zhang Suodi . Real estate in China's sustainable development.J.Technical economy,2006 (4).2. GuoSu . Theory of sustainable development of real estate industry JIndustry.Science and technology information,2006.3 Tong K

43、eKe . Promote Chinese real estate industry sustainable development research. J Industry.,2006.4 Pin Yongfu , Real estate industry must walk on the path of sustainable developmentJ.China's real estate,2003 (11) : 34-35.我國房地產(chǎn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的文獻(xiàn)綜述摘要：目前我國的經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會的發(fā)展已經(jīng)到了關(guān)鍵的階段，然而房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)的發(fā)展對國民經(jīng)濟(jì)有著深刻的影響。房地產(chǎn)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展是關(guān)系到實(shí)

44、現(xiàn)行業(yè)自身良好循環(huán)的新思路，是構(gòu)建和諧社會的目標(biāo)，因此具有極其重要的地位。本文對我國房地產(chǎn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的定義、存在的問題、解決思路以及評價方法進(jìn)行了綜述。關(guān)鍵詞：可持續(xù)發(fā)展 房地產(chǎn)1 關(guān)于房地產(chǎn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的含義可持續(xù)發(fā)展是20世紀(jì)80年代提出的一個新概念。1987年世界環(huán)境與發(fā)展委員會在我們共同的未來報告中第一次闡述了可持續(xù)發(fā)展的概念，得到了國際社會的廣泛共識。可持續(xù)發(fā)展是指既滿足現(xiàn)代人的需求又不損害后代人滿足需求的能力。房地產(chǎn)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展包括兩個方而的含義：一是指房地產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展既要滿足當(dāng)代人對各種房地產(chǎn)品的要求，又要滿足子孫后代未來發(fā)展的需要。其中，包括土地資源的永續(xù)利用、住宅業(yè)的穩(wěn)定協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展

45、、房地產(chǎn)市場的完善及人居環(huán)境的改善等；二是既要保持產(chǎn)業(yè)自身不斷增長，又要與社會以及國民經(jīng)濟(jì)其他產(chǎn)業(yè)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，主要包括社會的公平性；資源開發(fā)利用的可持續(xù)性，如土地資源、空間資源、建材資源利用的可持續(xù)性；產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的協(xié)調(diào)性等等。房地產(chǎn)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展應(yīng)把房屋、業(yè)主和環(huán)境三要素作為一個整體,重視對自然資源的使用和保護(hù),爭取實(shí)現(xiàn)向自然的索取與對自然的回報之間的平衡。房地產(chǎn)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的涵義可概括為兩點(diǎn)：一是滿足當(dāng)代人及其子孫對住房以及其他房地產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品的需求；二是要保持房地產(chǎn)業(yè)與城市規(guī)劃和國民經(jīng)濟(jì)其他產(chǎn)業(yè)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，維護(hù)和建設(shè)良好的生態(tài)環(huán)境，其建設(shè)和使用方式若與環(huán)境相協(xié)調(diào)，將創(chuàng)造優(yōu)美的環(huán)境和城市布局。房地產(chǎn)業(yè)的可

46、持續(xù)發(fā)展，是在處理好城鄉(xiāng)規(guī)劃、節(jié)約能源的基礎(chǔ)上，解決好眼前利益和長遠(yuǎn)利益的關(guān)系，局部利益與整體利益的關(guān)系，經(jīng)濟(jì)利益和社會利益的關(guān)系,可持續(xù)發(fā)展與可持續(xù)增長的關(guān)系,達(dá)到房地產(chǎn)建筑的規(guī)劃形態(tài)、住宅功能、環(huán)境效益、人文特色的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。總之國內(nèi)學(xué)者對其所下的定義都大同小異，我們可以在他們的基礎(chǔ)上將房地產(chǎn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展定義為：既要滿足當(dāng)代人對房地產(chǎn)的各種需求，又要合理利用土地資源，保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境,為后代人的生產(chǎn)生活創(chuàng)造必要的空間發(fā)展條件，是房地產(chǎn)經(jīng)濟(jì)與人口、資源、環(huán)境、社會協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展的結(jié)果。2 關(guān)于房地產(chǎn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展存在的問題我國正處于和諧社會的轉(zhuǎn)型時期，經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和環(huán)境保護(hù)的問題比較突出。而我國房地產(chǎn)業(yè)起步晚、

47、基礎(chǔ)差，又面臨人口資源的巨大制約。因此必須認(rèn)清我國房地產(chǎn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展可能面臨的問題。我國存在4個我國房地產(chǎn)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的壓力因素：消費(fèi)需求的壓力、投機(jī)需求的壓力、環(huán)境和資源壓力和國際競爭壓力。我國存在的3中不可持續(xù)性影響著房地產(chǎn)的發(fā)展。第一為土地資源和勞動力資源的不可持續(xù)性。在僅有的土地資源中，其中尚有大部分是沒有辦法開發(fā)的地域，可供開發(fā)的土地資源更加稀缺。而且存在資源的浪費(fèi)與流失。通過國內(nèi)相關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)對人口的預(yù)測所描述的人口年齡結(jié)構(gòu)的變化趨勢發(fā)現(xiàn)，供給狀況將逐年下降。根據(jù)供求理論，如果供給降低那么將帶來價格的上升，這將對勞動力需求較高的房地產(chǎn)業(yè)產(chǎn)生不利的影響。有4個主要問題是房地產(chǎn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展必須要

48、解決的。首先是資源的浪費(fèi)與流失。由于開發(fā)失控和無序發(fā)展，導(dǎo)致土地資源的大量浪費(fèi)和國有資產(chǎn)的大量流失。然后是商品房空置量增加，而且正在進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大。第三是房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)中的短期行為，對生態(tài)環(huán)境造成破壞。開發(fā)單位片面追求經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，致使建筑密度過高、容積率過高，缺少綠色空間，一些房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)建設(shè)忽視對生態(tài)環(huán)境的保護(hù)與建設(shè)。最后為房地產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展與金融業(yè)關(guān)系尚未理順，房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)缺乏穩(wěn)定的資金來源。我國房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)中存在的問題主要表現(xiàn)在：第一開發(fā)失控，無序發(fā)展，導(dǎo)致土地資源的大量浪費(fèi)和國有資產(chǎn)的大量流失；第二總量性、結(jié)構(gòu)性供求失衡，造成大量商品房空置；第三房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)中的大量短期行為，對生態(tài)環(huán)境造成極大的破壞；房屋的設(shè)計、布局不合理，科技含量低，造成資源的浪費(fèi)和破壞。總之，我們可以將問題歸納為三個方面。第一個方面是對資源的浪費(fèi)和對環(huán)境的破環(huán)。為了獲得現(xiàn)有的利益，開發(fā)商的行為造成了社會成本的增加。第二方面是市場供求結(jié)構(gòu)，大量的空置