1、高考英語易錯題專題三閱讀理解（含解析）一、高中英語閱讀理解1 .閱讀理解Plants are boring. They just sit there photosynthesizing ( 光合作用 )while animals have all the fun. Right? Not so much. A new study has found that there is a long history of interactions between ants and plants. The ant and plant co-evolution ( 協同進化 )started with ant

2、s feeding on plants and plants evolving ant-friendly features.Plants make a number of different structures that are specific for ant use. Some plants have evolved features that persuade ants into defending them from attack from other insects and even ma mma l?. T h e ? e ?n c lud e hollow thorns tha

3、ta nt? will live ?n?d ) o nd , or a vee ? tra n e cor stems for the ants to eat. Some ants will just cheat and take the nectar and run, but some will stick around and attack anything that tries to hurt the plant. Other plants get ants to help them move their seeds around, by providing them with rich

4、 food packets attached to the seeds. The ant will pick up the seed and carry it away, eat the food packet, and leave the seed - often in a nutrient-rich area where it'll grow better, and since it's farther away from its parent, they won't have to compete for resources.But scientists were

5、n't sure how the evolutionary relationship between ants and plants got started. If evolution is an arms race between species developing ways to make use of their neighbors, then scientists wanted to know whether plants or ants fired the first shot. It was a chicken-and-egg question, whether thin

6、gs started with ants developing behaviors to take advantage of plants, or plants evolving structures to take advantage of ants.The history of ants and plants evolving together goes back to the time of the dinosaurs, and it's not easy to tell from fossils who fired the first shot. However, it is

7、a question of little significance. Scientists say their study maters because it provides a look at how these widespread and complex interactions evolved.(1) Some plants attach food packets to their seeds in order to .A.reward the antsB.make a fool of antsC.provide nutrition for the seedsD.get the se

8、eds moved around(2) What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us?A.How plants and ants interact.B.What ants do to protect plants.C.How plants and ants survive attacks.D.Why plants and ants need co-evolution.(3) Which is true about the evolutionary relationship between ants and plants?A.Ants depended more up

9、on plants.B.It caused a race for better evolution.C.How it got started was uncertain.D.It was of little value for future studies.（ 4） What's the author's purpose of writing the passage?A.To introduce a science research method.B.To inform readers of a latest research findingC.To arouse reader

10、s' interest in science research.D.To criticize people's traditional views about plants.【答案】（ 1 ） D（ 5） A（ 6） C（ 7） B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，一項新的研究發現，螞蟻和植物之間的互動有著悠久的歷史。螞蟻和植物的共同進化始于螞蟻以植物為食，植物進化出對螞蟻友好的特征。（ 1）考查細節理解。根據第二段中的“ Ohter plants get ants to help them move their seedsaround, by providing them w

11、ith rich food packets attached to the seeds. 其他植物讓螞蟻幫助它”們移動種子，方法是在種子上附加豐富的食物包。故選D。（ 2）考查推理判斷。根據第二段中的“ Plants make a number of different structures that arespecific for ant use. 植物有許多不同的結構，這些結構是專門為螞蟻使用的；以及”“ Someants will just cheat and take the nectar and run, but some will stick around and attack a

12、nything that tries to hurt the plant. Other plants get ants to help them move their seeds around, by providing them with rich food packe ts attached to the seeds. ，有些螞蟻會偷取花蜜逃跑，但 ” 有些會留下來攻擊任何試圖傷害植物的東西。其他植物讓螞蟻幫助它們移動種子，方法是在種子上附加豐富的食物包?？芍?，第二段主要講了植物和螞蟻如何互動，故選A。（ 3）考查細節理解。根據倒數第二段中的“ Bust cientists weren&#

13、39;t sure how the evolutionaryrelationship between ants and plants got started. 但是科學家們并不確定螞蟻和植物之間的進”化關系是如何開始的。故選C。（ 4）考查推理判斷。根據第一段中的“ Anew study has found that there is a long history ofinteractions between ants and plants. 一項新的研究發現，螞蟻和植物之間的互動有著悠久 ” 的歷史。是全文的主題句，由此推斷出，作者寫這篇文章的目的是告知讀者最新的研究結果，故選B?！军c評】本

14、題考點涉及細節理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準確掌握細節信息，并根據上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。2 閱讀理解Coral reefs （珊瑚礁） are an integral part of sea life and sustain it by providing shelter andhabitat to various organisms. They also supply and recycle nutrients as well as enable a growing fish population, along with other species

15、, for a healthy and diverse ecosystem. However, the rise in average water temperatures due to climate change has resulted in more frequent and longtime coral bleaching （白化現象） events that damage their health, causing fish and other sea species toabandon them.In order to restore this delicate ecosyste

16、m, scientists from the UK and Australia conducted a study that involved using loudspeakers underwater near damaged coral reefs to make them sound healthy and attract fish, potentially kick-starting the natural recovery process of coral reefs and their dependent life forms. The location for this expe

17、riment was the Great Barrier Reef in the Coral Sea, found alongside the east coast of Queensland, Australia. The site is noted to have the largest coral reef system in the world."Healthy coral reefs are remarkably noisy places-the crackle of snapping shrimp and the whoops and grunts of fish. Yo

18、ung fish concentrate on these sounds when they're looking for a place to settle," said Steve Simpson, study co-author and a professor at the University of Exeter, UK.By using loudspeakers to copy such sounds, parts of dead coral reefs were found to attract twice as many fish, compared to pl

19、aces where no sounds were played. "These returning fish, are crucial for coral reefs to function as healthy ecosystems. Boosting fish populations in this way could help to kick-start natural recovery processes, preventing the damage we're seeing on many coral reefs around the world," s

20、aid lead author, Tim Gordon.（ 1 ） What causes the phenomenon of coral bleaching?A.Diverse species.B.Noise pollution.C.Fishing industry.D.Climbing temperatures.（ 2） What approach is introduced to recover the coral reefs?A.Removing damaged coral reefs.B.Using loudspeakers to keep fish away.C.Building

21、new homes for sea species.D.Playing certain sounds to appeal to fish.（ 3） Why are Steve Simpson's words quoted?A.To provide some findings of the study.B.To show the progress of the experiment.C.To explain reasons for the new approach.D.To give another solution to the problem.（ 4） What can we inf

22、er from the last paragraph?A.The attempts are in vain.B.Natural recovery is impossible.C.Initial success has been achieved.D.The coral reefs have returned to normal.【答案】（ 1 ） D（ 2） D（ 3） C（ 4） C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，由于氣候變化導致的平均水溫上升導致了更頻繁、更長期的珊瑚白化事件，而為了恢復這一脆弱的生態系統，科學家們在受損的珊瑚礁附近使用水下擴音器，讓珊瑚聽起來更健康，從而能夠吸引魚類。作

23、者解釋了采用這一方法的原因以及這一新方法獲得了初步成功。（ 1）考查細節理解。根據第一段中的“ However,the rise in average water temperatures dueto climate change has resulted in more frequent and longtime u coral bleaching events that damage their health, causing fish and other sea species to abandon them. 然而，由于氣候變化”導致的平均水溫上升導致了更頻繁、更長期的珊瑚白化事件，損

24、害了它們的健康，導致魚類和其他海洋物種拋棄它們，可知，氣溫攀升是導致珊瑚白化現象的原因。故選D。（ 2）考查細節理解。根據第二段中的“ Inorder to restore this delicate ecosystem, scientistsfrom the UK and Australia conducted a study that involved using loudspeakers underwater near damaged coral reefs to make them sound healthy and attract fish, potentially kick-sta

25、rting the natural recovery process of coral reefs and their dependent life forms. 為了恢復這一脆弱的生”態系統，來自英國和澳大利亞的科學家們進行了一項研究，他們在受損的珊瑚礁附近使用水下擴音器，讓它們聽起來更健康，吸引魚類，這可能會啟動珊瑚礁的自然恢復過程及其依賴的生命形式，可知，應當采用播放某些聲音來吸引魚的方法來恢復珊瑚礁。故選D。（ 3）考查推理判斷。根據倒數第二段中的“ Healthycoral reefs are remarkab ly noisy places-the crackle of snapp

26、ing shrimp and the whoops and grunts of fish. 健康的珊瑚礁是非常吵雜的”地方 蝦的噼啪聲和魚的呼嚕呼嚕聲，可知，引用Steve Simpson 的話是為了解釋采用這一新方法的原因。故選C。（ 4）考查推理判斷。根據最后一段中的“ By using loudspeakers to copy such sounds, parts ofdead coral reefs were found to attract twice as many fish, compared to places where no sounds were played. 通過使用

27、擴音器來模仿這些聲音，人們發現部分死去的珊瑚礁比沒有聲音的地 ”方能吸引兩倍多的魚，可推知這一新方法初步取得了成功。故選C?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇環保類閱讀，考生需 要準確捕捉細節信息，并根據上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。3.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。These days, I walk down the steps leading toward the south end of the All England Club in Wimbledon, and still look for the Crow&

28、#39;s Nest, a small green observation tower with an outer ladder that I used to climb on for a wide view of the grounds, but which has since been knocked down.The Crow's Nest was a particularly useful point, because it allowed a tennis writer to keep track of the action on as many as 10 outside

29、courts at a time. At days end, reporters from different nations would share notes on what they had observed all over the grounds.Twenty-seven years later, the press room has touch screens that allow us to watch live videos from any court, and even go back to watch key moments in key matches long aft

30、er they have finished. You could cover Wimbledon without leaving your seat. But that is a bit like spending all your time ordering room service and looking up fun facts on Wikipedia.More than at any other tennis tournament, there is also an appetite for stories that deal with the setting, the histor

31、y and the traditions.If they change the price of the fish tacos （ 魚肉卷餅） at the United States Open, it's not a story.If they change the price of the strawberries and cream, the signature treat at Wimbledon. It's time to email your editor using capital letters.The new retractable ( 可伸縮的)roof w

32、as put in place in 2009. Until then, you always had to have a rainy-day story in your notebook because there were no guarantees any matches would be played. Now tennis is a sure thing on Centre Court, which has made tennis reporters a bit less creative. But at least it guarantees us daily access to

33、the most atmospheric place in the sport.So much has changed, but Centre Court remains true to its original spirit: more a theater than a stadium. Catching that feeling is part of covering Wimbledon, too.(1) What did the author do on the Crow's Nest in the past?A. He made friends with reporters.B

34、. He reported on tennis matches.C. He appreciated the beautiful scenery.D. He exchanged experiences with tennis players.(2) What does the author think of the new way of covering Wimbledon?A. It lacks fun. B. It is expensive C. It is not convenient. D. It is not quick enough (3) Why does the author m

35、ention strawberries and cream?A. To compare popular foods.B. To introduce the typical treat at Wimbledon.C. To describe people's craze for traditional dishes. hD. To show the traditions of Wimbledon are an attraction.(4) What difference does the new roof make?A. Audiences have easier access to a

36、 tennis court. B. There's less fun in watching Wimbledon indoors.C. Reporters are struggling to find original material. D. rainy-day stories about Wimbledon have become history.【答案】(1) BA(3) D(4) D【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。作者追憶對溫網的報道。雖然發生了很大的變化， 但中心球場仍然忠于它的原始精神：與其說是體育場，不如說是一座劇院。捕捉這種感覺 也是報道溫網的一部分。(1)考查推理

37、判斷。根據第二段中的"TheCrow' sNest was a particularly useful point,because it allowed a tennis writer to keep track of the action on as many as 10 outside courts at a time. At days end, reporters from different nations would share notes on what they had observed all over the grounds.可知，過去作者在 the Cro

38、w ' s Nes道了網球比賽。故選 B。(2)考查推理判斷。根據第三段中的"You could cover Wimbledon without leaving your seat.But that is a bit like spending all your time ordering room service and looking up fun facts on Wikipedia.可知，作者認為報道溫網的新方式缺乏樂趣。故選 A。(3)考查推理判斷。根據第五段中的 "If they change the price of the strawberries

39、and cream, the signature treat at Wimbledon. It' s time to email your editor using capWUetter患提到草莓和奶油是為了展示溫布爾登的傳統是一種吸引。故選Do(4)考查推理判斷。根據倒數第二段中的"Thenew retractable (可伸縮的)roof was put in place in 2009. Until then, you always had to have a rainy-day story in your notebook because there were no

40、guarant ees any matches would be played. 可知， 新屋頂使關于溫布爾登的雨天故事已經成為歷史。故選 D。是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生根據上下文進【點評】本題考點涉及推理判斷題型的考查, 行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。4.閱讀理解On a February day during an unusually mild winter, found myself missing the snowy beauty. I enjoyed the feeling that comes from watching snow fall gently from heaven w

41、hile I'm cosy inside with a good fire burning in the stove. But there were more serious concerns, like the lack of rainfall making our woods more accessible to summer forest fires. Local ski fields and hotels, all dependent on a snowy season, felt sorry for the vacant lifts, empty restaurants an

42、d unused snowmobiles.Then I happened to see three little robins ( 知更鳥)fly into our yard. What were they doing here? West of us, in the Willamette Valley, wild flowers burst this time of year. But here in central Oregon, even if a groundhog ( 土撥鼠)had wanted to appear, it couldn't have broken thro

43、ugh the frozen earth. And yet, these robins had arrived.Their presence brought me a flow of happiness. It felt like a celebration as I dug into my bag of birdseed and spread a handful on the ground. Above me, the deep blue sky was cloudless, perfectly quiet but for some smoke from a neighbor's c

44、himney. The lively cold made the air fresh and clean.My robins jumped lightly toward the seed. My soul jumped with them, feeling equally carefree. Caught up in the moment of spring fever, I checked our snowless flower beds. To my delight, I spotted a green branch sticking out through the brown soil.

45、Despite the cold, I wasn't ready to go back inside. Just a short meeting with those robins had renewed my spirit. The next day I would return to my outdoor work with a cheerful heart and a hopeful eye for these signs of spring.(1) The author missed a snowy winter because snow could A. prevent fo

46、rest firesB. boom his businessC. promise an early springD. bring him a good feeling(2) The author felt happy when finding A. the sky was deep blue with cloudsB. three little robins flew into his yardC. wild flowers burst in the Willamette Valley D. a groundhog appeared through the frozen earth(3) We

47、 can infer from the passage that the author A. would enjoy wild flowers the next day B. thought winter was already overC. longed for the coming of springD. loved robins the most【答案】(1) DB(3) A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，寒冷的冬天，作者在家里發現有三只小知更鳥飛到了他的庭院，他感覺很高興，于是他決定第二天外出，去尋找春天的足跡?？疾榧毠澙斫?。根據第一段中的"Onea February da

48、y during an unusually mild winter, I found myself missing the snowy beauty. I enjoyed the feeling that comes from watching snow fallgently from hea ven while I'm cosy inside with a good fire burning in the stove.可知作者想念下雪的冬天，是因為雪可以給他帶來一種很好的感覺，故選Do(2)考查細節理解。根據第三段中的 "Their presence brought me

49、a flow of happiness.可知當作 者發現有三只小知更鳥飛到了他的庭院時，他感覺很高興，所以選B。(3)考查推理判斷。根據最后一段中的"The next day I would return to my ou tdoor work with acheerful heart and a hopeful eye for these signs of spring.可知作者第二天會欣賞野花，所以選Ao【點評】本題考點涉及細節理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考 生準確捕捉細節信息，根據上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。5.閱讀理解Lately a pop

50、ular eight-floor bookstore in Hefei,Anhui province,has risen to fame because it becomes the world's first shared bookstore,in a move meant to encourage more reading among Chinese citizens.It comes to people's attention as more than 200,000 visitors flooded the store on its first day as a sha

51、red bookstore on July 16 this year,a record high since it was reopened to the public in 2013.Some 4,000 books were brought home on the first day,T reported.Customers are allowed to borrow up to two books valued under 150 yuan per visit after registering with an app and paying the 99 yuan deposit fee

52、 (押金)All books on sale in the bookstore are available for sharing.Returned books that are damaged are sold at a discount.The bookstore also provides a bonus for bookworms.People who finish reading 12 books in three months receive eight percent of their deposit back,and members can be rewarded one yu

53、an for every book read."We want to bring down the cost of reading so people could read more books,"Xu Xinwei,who helps run the bookstore,told T.Some parents buy a lot of books for their children,but they usually end up collecting dust as their children grow up.Similarly,some popular novels

54、 for young people also fall out of fashion,according to Xu."Books are more effectively circulated when they're shared."(1) The bookstore becomes a shared one.A. to make more moneyB. to make more room for new booksC. to inspire more people to readD. to recommend new books(2) What does t

55、he underlined phrase “risen to fame " in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A. Become well-known. B. Settled down. C. Broken up. D. Taken over.(3) What can we infer from the passage?A. The bookstore was once the best in Anhui province. B. The books that are sold here can't be borrowed.C. More than 4

56、,000 books were taken home on July 16 in 2013. D. The cost of reading can be reduced by sharing the books.(4) What does the bookstore do to attract more readers?A. The bookstore encourages parents to buy more books for their children. B. The readers are allowed to borrow the books unconditionally.D.

57、 TheC. The readers who are members can receive one yuan for every book read. bookstore is considering offering a bonus for anyone who likes reading.【答案】(1) C A (3) D (4) C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報道，最近，安徽省合肥一家受歡迎的八樓書店，由于 成為世界上第一家共享書店，因此鼓勵更多中國公民讀書。本文以此展開，主要講述了共 享書店的運營模式。(1)考查細節理解。根據第段中的"ina move meant to

58、encourage more reading amongChinese citizens.可知這個書店成為一家共享書店為了讓更多的公民閱讀。故選C=(2)考查詞義猜測。根據第一段中popular 一詞，以及提到這家書店成為世界上第一家共享書店，可見這家書店應該名聲大振”。risen to fame譯為 名聲大振”。故選A.(3)考查推理判斷。根據第五段中的“"We want to bring down the cost of reading so peoplecould read more books,司推知，共享圖書可以降低閱讀成本，這樣人們可以更多的閱讀。 故選D。(4) 考查細

59、節理解。根據第四段中的"andmembers can be rewarded one yuan for everybook read.可知，所有的閱讀者都可以得到每本書一元錢的獎勵。故選 Q【點評】本題考點涉及細節理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查，是一篇新聞報 道，考生需要準確掌握細節信息，并根據上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。6.閱讀理解The Women's Institute is urging supermarkets to do more to help consumers reduce their home food waste, after a survey of its own membership showed widespread confusion about “best before &q