九年級英語仁愛版上冊清華大學英語系測試為中學英語量身定做官方網站HTTP/QINGHUAYERYYCOM/清華大學英語教授50年研究成果1STAND/IMPROVE/PROTECTTHEENVIRONMENT忍受/改善/保護環(huán)境2PRODUCETERRIBLEGAS產生難聞的氣味3MANAGETODOSTH設法做某事4INAGOOD/BADMOOD情緒好/差5FEELUNCOMFORTABLE感到不舒適6POURWASTEINTORIVER把廢水倒入河里7SOMETHINGUSEFUL有用的事物8BEHARMFULTOSB/STH對某人/某物有害9THELOOKOFOURCITIES城市面貌10SEEFISHSWIMMING看到魚兒游來游去11ATPRESENT目前12SHOUTATSB對某人大喊大叫；斥責某人13STOPMAKINGSOMUCHNOISE停止發(fā)出如此大的噪音14DISTURBOTHERS打擾別人15AKINDOFPOLLUTION一種污染16BESORRYFORDOINGSTH對做了某事感到抱歉17FROMNOWON從現(xiàn)在起18INNOISYCONDITIONS在吵雜的條件下19BECOMEDEAF變聾了20QUITEAFEW相當少21NOBETTERTHAN（幾乎）與一樣差22CAUSEHIGHBLOODPRESSURE引發(fā)高血壓23INSTRONG,CHANGEABLELIGHT在強烈、易變的光線下1READTHISARTICLE看這篇文章2HEREANDTHEREEVERYWHERE到處3CAREFORLOOKAFTERTAKECAREOF照顧4GIVESOMEADVICETO提出一些建議給5SETONESMINDTOSTH集中精力于用心于6PROTECTNATURE保護自然7WASHAWAY沖走8BLOWAWAY吹走；刮走9TURNINTOCHANGEINTO轉變成10DIEOUT滅絕；絕跡11STOP/PREVENTFROMDOINGSTH阻止做某事12KEEPFROMDOINGSTH阻止做某事13MOVETOWARD朝移動14CUTDOWN砍倒15RUNAWAY跑走流走16CUTOFF中斷17ONTHEEARTH在地球上18BEINDANGEROFDOINGSTH處于做某事的危險中19DESTROY/HARM/POLLUTETHEENVIRONMENT破壞/損害/污染環(huán)境20HAVEAQUIETLIFE過著平靜的生活21PLENTYOF大量的22COMETOREALIZE開始意識23HAVEACLEANUP大掃除24ONEAFTERANOTHER一個接著另一個25ONRECYCLEDPAPER在再生紙上26ENTERTHECOMPETITION進入比賽27OFFERONESSUGGESTION提供某人的建議1ENVIRONMENTALPROTECTION環(huán)境的保護2WORKFOR為工作3SPREADMESSAGEABOUT宣傳有關4REDUCETHEWASTE/AIRPOLLUTION減少浪費/空氣污染5BOTHSIDESOF的兩面6RATHERTHAN是而不是7NOTONLYBUTALSO不僅而且8SAVEMONEY/ENERGY/ELECTRICITY省錢/能源/電9BESUPPOSEDTODOSTH應當做某事10TRAVELASHORTDISTANCE短途旅行11PUTINTO把放入12TAKEUPALOTOFSPACE占據許多空間13PRODUCEPOWERFROM從獲得能量14RUNTHECAR發(fā)動汽車15PUSHFORWARD/UP/DOWN推向前/向上/向下16POWERMACHINES發(fā)動機器17PRODUCEELECTRICITYBYDOINGSTH通過做某事發(fā)電18THEMOVEMENTOFWATER水的流動19BEUSEDFORDOINGSTH被用作做某事20TAKEAQUICKSHOWER快速淋浴21MAKEASHORTJOURNEY短途旅行22PICKTHELITTERUP撿起垃圾23TRYHARDER再努力24PRODUCEASHORTORALREPORT作一個簡短的口頭報告清華大學英語系測試為中小學生英語量身定做官方網站HTTP/QINGHUAYERYYCOM/清華大學英語教授50年研究成果牛津八年級BUNIT2單元測試1單項選擇（15分）1TOKEEPHEALTHY,IEAT_MEATAND_VEGETABLESTHANBEFOREAMANYLITTLEBMUCHLESSCLESSMANYDLESSMORE2_DOWENEEDFORTHEPARTYSOMEMORECOKEANDPAPERCUPSAWHEREELSEBWHATOTHERCWHATELSEDHOWMUCH3HOWABOUT_TOTHECINEMAONFOOTAGOBTOGOCGOESDGOING4WHEREISMYWATCH,ANNA_ITSINYOURWARDROBE,IMNOTSUREAMAYBEBMAYBECMAYISDMAYARE5IFYOUWANTTOSEETHEFILM,YOUCANGOTOA_,AHOSPITALBCINEMACRESTAURANTDSCHOOL6CANYOUHELPMEFIND_THEMUSEUMATHEWAYBTHEWAYTOCTOTHEWAYDTHEWAYTOGET7IOPENEDTHEDOOR_MYKNIFEAWITHBINCONDAT8AFTERHEHEARDTHE_NEWS,HEWASVERY_ASURPRISEDSURPRISINGBSURPRISINGSURPRISEDCSURPRISEDSURPRISEDDSURPRISINGSURPRISING9THEPARKISQUITEFARFROMHEREYOUDBETTER_AGOTHEREBYBUSBTOWALKTHERECWALKINGTHEREDGOINGTHEREBYBUS10SHEIS_ENOUGHBECAUSESHEPASSEDTHEEXAM_ALUCKYLUCKBLUCKILYLUCKCLUCKILYLUCKYDLUCKYLUCKILY11WHATSWRONGWITHYOURCARITDOESNT_ADOBWORKCMAKEDGO12THEPARENTSFOUNDTHELOSTBABY_AATTHEENDBINTHEENDCATTHELASTDFINAL13“_“MRWUSAIDTHENTHECLASSBECAMEQUIETATONCEASTOPTOTALKBSTOPTALKCSTOPANDTALKDSTOPTALKING14_TAKINGDIFFERENTROUTESASHALLWEBWHYNOTCLETSDHOWABOUT15PAULTOLDHISBROTHER_THEPOLICESTATIONON4THSTREETATORUNTOBRUNTOCTORUNDRUN完形填空。（10分）HAROLDWASVERYDISAPPOINTED失望的LASTNIGHTALLTHE1STUDENTSINHISENGLISHCLASSWENTTOAPARTYATTHEIRTEACHERSHOUSE,BUTHAROLD2GOTTHEREHE3HISTEACHERSDIRECTION方向,BUTHEMADEONELITTLEMISTAKE4THEIRSCHOOL,HEWALKEDALONGMAINSTREETTOCENTRALAVENUEANDTURNEDLEFTHEWALKEDUPCENTRALAVENUETWOBLOCKS街區(qū)TOTHEBUSSTOPATTHECORNER,ACROSSFROMTHEOFFICEHE5THECENTRALACROSSFROMTHEOFFICEHE5THECENTRALAVENUEBUSAND6ATFIFTHSTREETRIGHTHEWALKEDUPPARKAVENUEONEBLOCKTOTHEBUSSTOPATTHECORNEROFPARKAVENUEANDSIXTHSTREETHETOOKNO42BUS,7HEGOTOFFATTHEWRONGSTOPHEGOTOFFATRIVERROAD8ROLLINGROADHETURNEDLEFTANDWALKEDTWOBLOCKS,ANDGOTCOMPLETELY完全地9HAROLDWASVERY10HEREALLYWANTEDTOGOTOTHEPARTY1ASTNIGHT,ANDHECANTBELIEVEHEMADESUCHASTUPID愚蠢的MISTAKE1AOTHERSBANOTHERCOTHERDONE2AEVERBJUSTCONCEDNEVER3AFOLLOWEDBDIDCFOUNDDWENT4AFROMBATCINDACROSS5ABYBTAKECTOOKDON6AGOTONBGOTOFFCGOTINDGOTOUTOF7AANDBSOCBUTDSTILL8AINSTEADOFBTOCTHROUGHDTOWARDS9TIREDBPITYCLOSTDANGRY10AHAPPYBUPSET心煩CGLADDHOPEFUL閱讀理解。40分AONCETHEREWASABOYINTORONTOHISNAMEWASJIMMYHESTARTEDPAINTINGWHENHEWASTHREEYEARSOLD,ANDWHENHEWASFIVEHEWASALREADYVERYGOODATITHEPAINTEDMANYBEAUTIFULANDINTERESTINGPICTURESTHEYSAID,“THISBOYISGOINGTOBEFAMOUSWHENHESALITTLEOLDER,ANDTHENWEREGOINGTOSELLTHESEPICTURESFORALOTOFMONEY”JIMMYSPICTURESWEREDIFFERENTFROMOTHERPEOPLESBECAUSEHENEVERPAINTEDONALLOFTHEPAPERHEPAINTEDONHALFOFIT,ANDTHEOTHERHALFWASALWAYSEMPTY“THATSVERYCLEVER,”EVERYBODYSAID,“NOOTHERPAINTERSHAVEEVERDONETHAT”O(jiān)NEDAYSOMEBODYASKEDHIM,“PLEASETELLMETHIS,JIMMYWHYDOYOUPAINTONTHEBOTTOM底部HALFOFYOURPICTURES,BUTNOTONTHETOPHALF”“BECAUSEIMSMALL,”JIMMYSAID,“ANDMYBRUSHESCANTREACHVERYHIGH”根據短文內容回答問題。每空一詞。（10分）1WHICHCOUNTRYDIDTHEBOYLIVEINHE_IN_2WASJIMMYGOODATPAINTINGWHENHEWASFIVEYESHE_WELL_PAINTINGTHEN3WHATDIDJIMMYDOWITHHISPICTURESHE_HISPICTURESTO_PEOPLE4WHATDIDSOMEBODYASKJIMMYONEDAYHEASKEDJIMMY_HE_PAINTEDONHALFOFHISPICTURES5WHYDIDJIMMYNEVERPAINTONALLOFTHEPAPER_HEWASNTTALL_BONCEEINSTEINGAVEALECTUREINMANYPLACESINAMERICAHISDRIVERALWAYSLISTENEDTOHIMANDKNEWTHELECTURESOWELLTHATHEWASSURETHATHECOULDGIVEITHIMSELFSOEINSTEINAGREEDTHATTHEDRIVERGAVETHELECTUREASNOBODYKNEWEINSTEINTHERE,THEDRIVERGAVETHELECTUREFOREINSTEINTHATEVENINGATFIRSTHEWASABITAFRAID,BUTEINSTEINSSMILEMADEHIMFEELBETTERHEGAVEAGOODLECTUREANDTHEPEOPLEWEREQUITEPLEASEDTHENTHEDRIVERSTARTEDTOLEAVEANDEINSTEINFOLLOWEDHIMWITHOUTAWORDWHENTHEYGOTTOTHEDOOR,AMANASKEDTHEDRIVERADIFFICULTQUESTIONTHEDRIVERSAIDTHATTHEQUESTIONWASVERYEASY,ANDTOLDTHEMANTOASKHISDRIVERBEHIND,TOANSWERIT根據短文內容填空，每空一詞。（10分）EINSTEINGAVETHE1_LECTUREAGAINANDAGAINHISDRIVERLISTENEDTOHISLECTURESOMANYTIMESTHATHEWANTEDTOGIVEIT2_WHENEINSTEINKNEWIT,HELETTHEDRIVER3_THELECTUREFORHIMTHATNIGHTTHEDRIVERGAVEAGOODLECTUREANDTHEPEOPLEWEREQUITEPLEASEDWHENTHEYWERE4_THELECTUREROOM,AMANASKEDTHEDRIVERAQUESTIONTOSHOWHOWEASYTHEQUESTIONWAS,THEDRIVERASKEDEINSTEINWHOFOLLOWEDHIMBEHINDTOANSWERIT5_OFHIMC“WHEREISTHEUNIVERSITY“THISISAQUESTIONTHATMANYVISITORSTOCAMBRIDGEASKBUTNOONECANGIVETHEMACLEARANSWER,FORTHEREISNOWALLAROUNDTHEUNIVERSITYTHEUNIVERSITYISTHECITYYOUCANFINDTEACHINGBUILDINGS,LIBRARIES,MUSEUMSANDOFFICESOFTHEUNIVERSITYALLOVERTHECITYANDMOSTOFITSMEMBERSARETHESTUDENTSANDTEACHERSOFTHETHIRTYONECOLLEGESCAMBRIDGEWASALREADYADEVELOPING發(fā)展中的TOWNLONGBEFORETHEFIRSTSTUDENTSANDTEACHERSARRIVEDABOUT800YEARSAGOITGREWUPBYTHERIVERGRANTA,ANDTHERIVERWASONCECALLEDTHECAMABRIDGEWASBUILTOVERTHERIVERASEARLYAS875,SOTHETOWNGOTITSNAME“CAMBRIDGE“INTHEFOURTEENTHANDFIFTEENTHCENTURIES,MOREANDMORELANDWASUSEDFORTHECOLLEGEBUILDINGSTHETOWNGREWMUCHFASTERINTHENINETEENTHCENTURYAFTERTHEOPENINGOFTHERAILWAYIN1845CAMBRIDGEBECAMEACITYIN1951ANDNOWITHASAPOPULATIONOFOVER10,000MANYYOUNGSTUDENTSINOTHERCOUNTRIESHOPETOSTUDYATCAMBRIDGETHOUSANDSOFPEOPLEFROMALLOVERTHEWORLDCOMETOVISITTHEUNIVERSITYTOWNITHASBECOMEAFAMOUSPLACEALLAROUNDTHEWORLD根據短文內容，回答下面的問題。（10分）1WHYISITDIFFICULTTOANSWERTHEQUESTION“WHEREISTHEUNIVERSITY”_2HOWMANYCOLLEGESARETHEREINCAMBRIDGE_3HOWOLDISTHEUNIVERSITY_4WHENDIDCAMBRIDGEBECOMEACITY_5HOWMANYPEOPLEARETHEREINCAMBRIDGENOW_DTHEREISAKINDOFBIRDLIVINGINTHESOUTHPOLE南極THATSAMAZINGTHATTHEYAREBIRDSBUTTHEYCANTFLYDOYOUKNOWWHATTHEYAREYESTHEYAREPENGUINSPENGUINSAREBLACKANDWHITEITLOOKSTHEYAREWEARINGSUITSPENGUINSAREHEAVY,BUTTHEYCANSWIMVERYWELLTHEYCANSWIM1015KILOMETRESANHOURSOMEPEOPLETHINKTHATPENGUINSAREBIRDSTHATFLYINTHEWATERNOWTHEREARE15KINDSOFPENGUINSLIVINGINTHEWORLDTHEYALWAYSLIVEINCOLDPLACESWHENSOMESMALLPENGUINSAREBORN,THEIRPARENTSAREVERYBUSYANDTHEYMUSTTAKECAREOFTHEMBECAUSESOMEBIRDSWILLEATLITTLEPENGUINSWHENTHELITTLEPENGUINSGROWUP,THEIRPARENTSCANFINDFOODINTHESEAANDDONTWORRYABOUTTHEIRCHILDRENANYMORE根據短文內容，完成下面任務。（10分）1WHATAREPENGUINSINCHINESEA熊B海狗C海鷗D企鵝2PENGUINSALWAYSWEARBLACKANDWHITESUITS/3PENGUINSCANTSWIMBECAUSETHEYAREVERYHEAVY/4PENGUINSAREBIRDSBUTTHEYCANSWIM1015KILOMETRESANHOUR/5WHATSTHEMEANINGOF“TAKECAREOF“INENGLISHINTHISPASSAGE詞匯測試。（20分）A）請選用所給的詞完成句子。有些要注意變化噢（5分）SENSEOFHUMOUR,GROWUP,VOTEFOR,GIVEMESOMEADVICE,GIVESEATSTO1AMYWILL_MAYBECAUSEITSIMPORTANTTHATHERBESTFRIENDDOESNTTELLOTHERSHERSECRETS2LINTAOALWAYS_PEOPLEINNEEDONTHEBUS3PETERWOULDLIKETOBEATEACHERWHENHE_4IHOPEYOUCAN_5JIMHASAGOOD_ANDALWAYSMAKESHISFRIENDSHAPPYB找出句子中的錯誤并且改正。（10分）1MYPENCILISNICERTHANMIKE_2THENEWBIKEISBEAUTIFULERTHANTHATONE_3LUCYISTHEMOSTYOUNGESTINTHECLASS_4WHOISHEAVIER,PETER,SIMONORMILLIE_5ITHINKSKIINGISASTHEMOSTDANGEROUSASDIVING_C）根據漢語意思完成下列句子。（5分）1DANIEL在任何時候都樂于助人。DANIEL_BECAUSEHECAN_2我可以告訴他任何事情，因為他能保密。ICAN_BECAUSEHECAN_3如果你小心的話，我認為并非所有的戶外活動都很危險。I_IFYOUARECAREFUL4MIKE打算在將來做球球旅行。MIKE_INTHEFUTURE5這孩子太緊張了，不能回答老師的問題。THECHILD_THETEACHERSQUESTIONS書面表達。（15分）請閱讀下面一封信，假設你是ALICE的好朋友JOAN，請你給他寫一封回信。要求語言流暢，詞數在70詞左右。DEARJOANIHAVESOMEPENPALSINTHEUSANDILOVETOWRITETOTHEMBUTMYFATHERDOESNTALLOWMETOMAKEPENFRIENDSHESAIDITWOULDAFFECT影響MYSCHOOLWORKANDHETOOKAWAYTHEKEYTOMYMAILBOXICANTWRITETOORHEARFROMMYPENPALSNOWIFEELVERYUNHAPPYWHATCANIDOLOVEALICEDEARALICE_答案15DCDBB610BABAD1115BBDDA15CDAAC610BCACBA1LIVED,CANADA2DID,IN3SOLD,MANY4WHY,ONLY5BECAUSE,ENOUGHB1SAME2HIMSELF3GIVE4LEAVING5INSTEADC1BECAUSETHEREISNOWALLAROUNDTHEUNIVERSITY2313ABOUT800YEARSOLD4IN19515OVER10,000D1D2345LOOKAFTERA1VOTEFOR2GIVESSEATSTOOFHUMOUR3GROWSUP4GIVEMESOMEADVICE5SENSEOFHUMOURB1MIKEMIKES2BEAUTIFULMOREBEAUTIFUL3THEMOSTYOUNGESTTHEYOUNGEST4HEAVIERTHEHEAVIEST5ASTHEMOSTDANGEROUSASASDANGEROUSASC1ISALWAYSREADYTOHELPOTHERS2TELLHIMANYTHINGKEEPSECRETS3DONTTHINKALLOFTHEOUTDOORACTIVITIESAREDANGEROUS4WILL/AREGOINGTOTRAVELAROUNDTHEWORLD5ISTOONERVOUSTOANSWER書面表達DEARALICEIMSORRYTOHEARTHATYOURFATHERDOESNTALLOWYOUTOHAVEPENPALSHERESMYADVICETOYOUITHINKFIRSTOFALL,YOUSHOULDTALKTOHIMABOUTTHAT,YOUCANTELLHIMHOWYOUFEELABOUTPENPALSANDWHATYOUCANLEARNFROMTHEMIFHEISAFRAIDTHATITMIGHTAFFECTYOURSTUDIES,THENYOUMUSTTRYTOMAKEHIMBELIEVETHATYOURGRADESWILLNOTDROPBECAUSEOFWRITINGLETTERSTOPENPALSINSTEAD,ITHELPSYOUSTUDYBETTERWORKHARDERONYOURSCHOOLWORKIFYOUALWAYSGETTOPGRADESIMSUREHEWILLALLOWYOUTOWRITETOYOURFRIENDSIHOPEMYADVICEWILLBEOFSOMEHELPTOYOUILOOKFORWARDTOSEEINGYOUFEELINGBETTERSOONLOVEJOAN閆俊先清華大學英語系測試為中小學生英語量身定做官方網站HTTP/QINGHUAYERYYCOM/清華大學英語教授50年研究成果英語標點符號的使用方法書、筆、紙、墨水。大家看看上面的句子，句中用的是什么標點呢相信誰都會說是頓號和句號啦。在英文句子里，也有頓號、和小圈兒句號。嗎上面的句子以英文來寫的話，就應該是BOOK,PEN,PAPER,INK可見在英文里是不用頓號和中文式句號的。標點符號在中、英文里的寫法和用法有好多差別。下面就讓我們從一個中文里所沒有的標點開始吧。一、APOSTROPHE省字符號、所有格符號這個標點在中文里是沒有的；但在英文里卻隨處可見。主要用在下列幾方面表示所有格所有格的變化也不少，詳細情形容后再談縮寫式表示一些數字、字母、日期、縮寫的復數形式11所有格POSSESSIVES注意下列所有格只用在動物方面111在名詞有生命的后加上S表示單數所有格1SARAHSCOATISBLACK莎拉的外套是黑色的。SARAHS莎拉的2THEBOYSHAT這男孩有一頂帽子3THEBOYSHATS這男孩有好幾頂帽子4JONESSOFFICEJONES只有一個音節(jié)，結尾是S,所有格加S5JONESSWEETTOOTHISLEGENDARYJONES的結尾是S,而接下來的詞又以S開始，那么，所有格就只加喔,真好玩6MOSESMOUTHISWIDEMOSES的尾音有重復的Z音，所有格只加7LOUISCANDYISSTICKYLOUIS有不止一個音節(jié)，結尾S，所有格只加。為什么呢好玩極了8MYMOTHERINLAWSHOUSEMONTHERINLAW之類的復合名詞，所有格S加在結尾處9THESURGEONGENERALSREPORTISDUESOONSURGEONGENERAL是復合詞，同上。哎呀是不是覺得很亂讓我們歸納一下A一般單數名詞有生命的，所有格只在結尾加S第13句B如果單數名詞尾是S,或CE，所有格只加或S第4句C如果單數名詞尾是S,而跟著是以S開頭的詞，所有格只加第5句D如果單數名詞尾音有重復的S或Z音，或是EEZ音，所有格只加第6句E如果B項的名詞只有一個音節(jié)SYLLABLE，所有格只能加S第4句F如果B項的名詞有二個以上音節(jié)，所有格則只加第7句G復合詞類處理法同A。第89句112二人或其他動物以上的所有格表示法1THEBOYSSHOES在復數BOYS尾加上而不是S喔2THEWOMENSBAGSWOMAN的復數是WOMEN,所有格是S3THECHILDRENSCAPSCHILD的復數是CHILDREN，和WOMEN同類型，所有格加S4THEACTRESSESHATSACTRESS的復數是ACTRESSES，因為結尾是ES,因此所有格只加便可5THEBABIESTOYSBABY的復數是BABIES，結尾有ES，因此所有格只加6MSJONESESHOUSEJONESES是JONES的復數7MYMOTHERSINLAWSHOUSE注意是MOTHERS喔，所有格還是加S同樣來歸納一下A簡單復數名詞同樣是有生命的喔的所有格寫法是先將原來單數名詞結尾加S變成復數，然后在結尾處再加上即成。第1句B如果復數名詞是由改變其內的韻母形成的，所有格同單數名詞一樣，結尾加上S第23句C如果復數名詞尾是ES,所有格只加第46句D如果是復數復合名詞，則先將主要單數名詞轉成復數，然后在復合名詞尾加上S第7句113如果是幾個名詞并列的,所有格S加在最后一個名詞尾1JOEANDLINDASHOUSEISBEINGSOLD喬和琳達的房子已賣了。這里表示房子是JOE和LINDA所共有114如果幾個名詞是個別表示所有格時，每個名詞尾都須加上S1MIKESANDMOLLYSGRADESHAVEIMPROVED邁克和莫莉的成績已有進步。這里表示邁克和莫莉各別的成績都有進步115不定式名詞的所有格是在詞尾加S1INEEDSOMEONESHELPWITHMYHOMEWORKSOMEONE指某人,所有格SOMEONES某人的116代名詞的所有格不可加上或S1SHELLA,WHOSEEYESAREBLUEWHOSE哪個人的，已有所有格的意思2THISBOOKISHERS,NOTYOURSHERS她的，YOURS你的3ITHURTITSPAWITS它的4ITSANICEDAYITS是ITIS的意思,不屬于所有格5THATISYOURRIGHTYOUR你的12縮寫式CONTRACTIONS121在字詞、日期中一部份字母或數字被省略，以代之。1SHEWOULDNTWORKFORTHEGOVTIN93WOULDNTWOULDNOT,GOVTGOVERNMENT,931993122名字、頭銜的縮寫格式可省略1LTWMJONESVISITEDUSLTLIEUTENANT,不可寫成LT,WMWILLIAM,不可寫成WM13復數形式PLURALS131當一個詞在句子里能清楚反映其復數意義時，不可再加1DONTGIVEMEANYIFS,ANDS,ORBUTS不可寫成IFS,ANDS,BUTS132在句子里，當一個詞僅僅作為一個詞時，其復數形式可加S使其含意更清晰1HEUSEDTWENTYFIVEANDSINONEPARAGRAPH他在一段里用了25個AND字。133日期、數目字、只取首字母的縮寫詞ACRONYMS這類以大寫字母結尾時，復數形式只需加上S，不必再加上1SEVENPHDSLIVEDINTHISBUILDINGINTHE1970SPHDS不可寫成PHDS,1970S也不可寫成1970S134當一個大寫字母的復數形式可能會被誤解時，可加上S以表示復數1THEROMANNUMERALSFORTHENUMBEREIGHTISAVFOLLOWEDBYTHREEIS羅馬數字八的寫法是V后加上三個I。這時如果IS只寫成IS,就可能引起誤解逗號/逗點在中文或英文里是再普通不過的一個標點符號；可是，它的用法在中文和英里可就不一定相同了。二、COMMA，逗號、逗點在英文里，逗號的用途有連接句子里不同的成份分開句子里不同的成份突出句子里的某個成份替代句子里的某個成份成份指詞、短語PHRASE、子句CLAUSE等。21連接句子里不同的成份211逗號用在以AND,BUT,FOR,NOR,OR,SO,YET等連接詞的兩個主要子句之間1MYFATHERISFONDOFFISHING,BUTMYMOTHERPREFERSHIKING以,BUT連接兩個子句2HEPAINTEDTHEEXTERIOROFTHEHOUSE,ANDSHEPAINTEDTHEINTERIOR以,AND連接兩個子句22分開句子里不同的成份221用逗號分開兩個以上的并列形容詞如果并列的形容詞之間可加上AND,BUT等，那就加上逗號；否則不可1THATTALL,DISTINGUISHED,GOODLOOKINGFELLOW可寫成HEISATALLANDDISTINGUISHEDFELLOW2SHEISALITTLEANDOLDLADY不可寫成SHEISALITTLE,OLDLADY222在兩個修飾主語的短語之間加上逗號句短可不加1WHILEWAITINGFORTHEBUSONTHATCOLDRAINYNIGHT,SHESTARTEDSNEEZING主語SHE2AT10OCLOCKTHEBUSARRIVED不必寫成AT10OCLOCK,THEBUSARRIVED223在JR,SR,ESQ,PHD,FRS,INC,等名稱之前及后都要加上逗號除了所有格的名稱1THEYIDENTIFIEDHIMASHOWARDRWILLIAMS,JR,CHAIRMANOFTHEIRBOARD,JR,2THATISHOWARDRWILLIAMS,JRSCOMPANY,JRS后面不可再加逗號224在追問句之前加逗號1DOIT,WONTYOUDOIT是命令語氣，WONTYOU是追問2YOUKNOWTHEANSWER,DONTYOU3ITISWARMTODAY,ISNTIT225一個以副詞或副詞短語開頭的句子，如果它和前面的句子有關聯(lián)的話，必須在有關副詞或副詞短語后加上逗號1SHEBELIEVEDHEHADTHETALENTTOSUCCEEDUNFORTUNATELY,HEWASLAZY后一個句子以副詞UNFORTUNATELY開頭，同時這個句子和前一個句子有直接的關聯(lián)226在句子里有超過三個并列詞或短語等，在最后一個，AND,OR,NOR等之前加逗號1HEPROMISEDTOSUPPLYTHEPENCILS,PENS,ANDNOTEBOOKSFORTHECLASS簡單說就是PENCILS,PENS,NOTEBOOKS要寫成PENCILS,PENS,ANDNOTEBOOKS2HERMOTHERSELLSTOMATOES,POTATOES,APPLES,ANDPEACHESAPPLES,AND3SHERANUPTHESTAIRS,ACROSSTHEPORCH,ANDINTOTHEHOUSEUPTHESTARIS,ACROSSTHEPORCH,INTOTHEHOUSE是三個短語，在最后一個加,AND4WEALLAGREEDTHATSHEWASBEAUTIFUL,THATSHEWASINTELLIGENT,ANDTHATSHEWASAMBITIOUS三個THATSHEWAS都是子句227在句子中加上逗號，以免引起誤解1THATSHEKNEWWHERETHEMONEYWAS,WASNEWSTOME如果WAS,WAS之間不加逗號，是不是會引起誤解呢2OUTSIDE,THELAWNWASCLUTTEREDWITHHUNDREDSOFBROKENBRANCHES外面的草坪上到處是斷枝。如果OUTSIDE后去掉逗號,那意思就變成“在草坪的外面到處是斷枝?！?28用逗號分開引用句1“YOUAREBEAUTIFUL,”HESAID這個逗號要放在引號內2OURTEACHERSAID,“FREEDOMISNOTLICENSE”SAID,3“NO,”SHESAID,“IWASJUSTTESTINGYOURPATIENCE”NO,/SAID,4“PERHAPS,”TOMRESPONDED,“IWILLTRYANYWAY”PERHAPS,/RESPONDED,229逗號用以分開星期、月日、年份1ONMONDAY,MAY5,2000,HERFIRSTCHILDWASBORNMONDAY,MAY5,2000,2ONMARCH8,2003,HEBOUGHTANEWCARMARCH8,2003,3JUNE2000ISONEOFTHEMOSTMEANINGFULOFMYLIFE只有月和年，就不必加逗號2210逗號用以分開地名、省名、國名、街道名、巷弄名等1LINDALIVESAT1234AMARILLOAVE,1,PALOALTO,CA94303,USA2211逗號用在SUCHAS和ESPECIALLY的前面1THEYENJOYOUTDOORSPORTS,SUCHASHIKINGANDRIDING2HELIKESALLEXTRACURRICULARACTIVITIES,ESPECIALLYBASKETBALLPLAYING23突出句子中某個插入成份PARENTHETICALELEMENTS所謂插入成份，是指在句子中去掉它也可成立的成份。插入成份一般是感嘆詞、狀語、副詞子句等。231句子里插入的詞、短語、子句等,加上逗號以示插入成份1HEKNEW,HOWEVER,THATNOONEWOULDLISTENTOHISWARNING插入HOWEVER2NO,YOUMAYNOTCOMEWITHUS插入NO232用逗號分開“乃此非彼”的結構1JANE,NOTSHIRLEY,WILLATTENDTHEMEETING是JANE，不是SHIRLEY2HEWANTEDTOSEEMRWU,NOTMRHU是吳先生，不是胡先生3SOMESAYTHEWORLDWILLENDINICE,NOTFIRE是冰，不是火4ITWASHERMONEY,NOTHERCHARMORPERSONALITY,THATFIRSTATTRACTEDHIM為的是她的財富，不是為了她的嫵媚或個性233句中有非限制性的詞或短語之類，以逗號標出以示插入成份1HERHUSBAND,BILL,ISASCIENTISTBILL為插入成份2KENTHOWARD,MYENGLISHTEACHER,ISFROMAMERICA插入成份MYENGLISHTEACHER3HERFATHER,WHOISAFAMOUSSCHOLAR,TEACHESENGLISH插入成份WHOISAFAMOUSSCHOLAR4ELEANOR,HISWIFEOFTHIRTYYEARS,SUDDENLYDECIDEDTOOPENHEROWNBUSINESS試將插入成份HISWIFEOFTHIRTYYEARS去掉，句子是否也能成立234句中的城市名如果和它的省、州、國名并列，省、州、國名前后須加逗號1WEVISITEDHARTFORD,CONNECTICUT,LASTSUMMERCONNECTICUT為插入成份2PARIS,FRANCE,ISSOMETIMESCALLED“THECITYOFLIGHTS“FRANCE為插入成份3HARTFORD,CONNECTICUTSINVESTMENTINTHEINSURANCEINDUSTRYISWELLKNOWNCONNECTICUTS為所有格式，后面不可加逗號喔235句中帶著連接詞BUT,AND,OR的插入成份的前面不可加上逗號1THEREDSOXWERELEADINGTHELEAGUEATTHEENDOFMAY,BUTOFCOURSE,THEYALWAYSDOWELLINTHESPRINGBUT的后面不可加逗號2THETIGERSSPENTMUCHOFTHESEASONATTHEBOTTOMOFTHELEAGUE,ANDEVENTHOUGHTHEYPICKEDUPSEVERALPROMISINGROOKIES,THEYEXPECTTOBETHEREAGAINNEXTYEARAND的后面不可再加逗號236向人說話時，逗號放在對方名字或稱謂之后、之前或者前后都加1JOHN,COMEHEREJOHN,逗號在名字之后2OPENTHEDOOR,JOHN,JOHN逗號放在名字之前3ITIS,SIR,NOTMYFAULT,SIR,逗號放在稱謂前面和后面24替代句子里某個成份241用逗號替代句子里某部份，表示字詞的省略1THELIONISTHESYMBOLOFCOURAGETHELAMB,OFMEEKNESSTHELAMB,OFMEEKNESS原本應該是THELAMBISTHESYMBOLOFMEEKNESS2GEORGEWASTHEHARDWORKER,JOHN,THELAZYONEJOHN,THELAZYONE原本應該是JOHNWASTHELAZYONE三、PERIOD/FULLSTOP句號、句點句號的寫法，在英文里是個小黑點，可在中文卻是個小圈兒。在科學技術文章里也可用“小黑點”。用法也有些差異，在英文方面，最“好玩”的是用在縮寫方面句號用在陳述句、祈使句及禮貌問句等的句尾句號用在縮寫方面句號用在數目字方面31句號用在陳述句、祈使句及禮貌問句等的句尾311用在陳述句DECLARATIVESENTENCE尾，表示句子結束1IAMLEAVINGNOW2AILANANDXIAODONGAREMYFRIENDS312用在祈使句IMPERATIVESENTENCE尾，表示句子結束1CLOSETHEDOOR2TURNINYOURPAPERS,PLEASE313用在禮貌的、祈使性的、以及間接疑問句INTERROGATIVESENTENCE尾，表示句子結束1WILLYOUPLEASESENDMETHREECOPIES麻煩你給我三份。不要看到WILLYOU就在句尾加問號喔2SINCEWHENAMISUPPOSEDTOBELIEVETHIS我什么時候會相信這個呢。3HEASKEDIFYOUCANCOME他問你能不能來。32句號用在表示縮寫ABBREVIATION,ACRONYM321縮寫詞ABBREVIATION將一個字詞省略其中某些字母,字尾須加句號1稱呼MRMISTER,MRSMISTERESS,DRDOCTOR,MIMMINISTOR/MINISTRY,ESQESQUIRE先生2時間YRYEAR,MINMINUTE3星期MONMONDAY,TUESTUESDAY,WEDWEDNESDAY,THURSTHURSDAY,FRIFRIDAY,SATSATURDAY,SUNSUNDAY4月份JANJANUARY,FEBFEBRUARY,MARMARCH,APRAPRIL,JUNJUNE,JULJULY,AUG/AGAUGUST,SEPTSEPTEMBER,OCTOCTOBER,NOVNOVEMBER,DECDECEMBER注意OCTOCTAVE八度,NOVNOVELIST小