研究生英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)課后題答案a:第一單元：vocabulary study：1.permanent 2.had assembled 3.discharging 4.meekly 5.apprentice 6.partiality 7.obscure 8.exalted 9.intruding 10cordially 11ambition 12.gallantlycloze：bdcab adabb dbdaa ccdcbtranslation:1.他想當(dāng)足球明星的夢(mèng)想隨著時(shí)間的推移慢慢消退了。his dream of becoming a football star faded out as time went by.2.一架波音747飛機(jī)沒(méi)有升到足夠的高度以飛越那座高山，轉(zhuǎn)瞬間一頭撞向大山爆炸了。機(jī)上無(wú)人生還。a boeing 747 aircraft didnt gain enough height to clear the mountain. in a twinkling, it crashed into the mountain and blew up. no one survived the accident .3.學(xué)生們可以很容易地獲得圖書(shū)館的資源，所以他們應(yīng)該充分地利用好圖書(shū)館。students have easy access to the resources in the library, so they are supposed to make the best of it.4.當(dāng)時(shí)世界上最豪華的游輪泰坦尼克號(hào)在她前往美國(guó)的途中撞到了冰山，結(jié)果輪船沉沒(méi)在大西洋中，成百上千的人死于這場(chǎng)海難。titanic, the most luxurious ship in the world at that time, hit an iceberg when she was under way to the us. consequently, the ship sank into the atlantic ocean and thousands of people died in this shipwreck.5.每年夏天，游客們都涌向這一著名的海灘。來(lái)此享受日光浴的游客像沙丁魚(yú)一樣擠滿了海灘。every summer, all the tourists pour into this famous beach. they lie packed like sardines on the beach to enjoy the sunbathing.6. 他們?cè)?jīng)到圣路易斯去過(guò)一次，對(duì)于那把的新奇食物稍微知道一個(gè)大概，可是現(xiàn)在他們的光榮時(shí)代已成過(guò)去了。他們從此自知沒(méi)趣，再也不說(shuō)話了，而且每逢這個(gè)毫不留情的機(jī)匠走過(guò)來(lái)的時(shí)候，他們就知道趕快躲開(kāi)。they have been to st. louis once and have a vague general knowledge of its wonders, but the day of their glory is over now. they lapse into a humble silence and learn to disappear when the ruthless engineer approaches.a：第四單元vocabulary study: 1.physical 2.accumulation 3.diversity 4.precipitated 5.muscular 6.pathological 7.symptomatic 8.vigorous 9.psychologically 10.anxiety 11.restored 12.refreshedclose: acdcb bccbd cdcba adcdbtranslation:1.我發(fā)現(xiàn)在辦公室坐了一天之后，晚上沿著靜靜的湖邊散散步會(huì)令人神清氣爽。i find that walking along the quiet lake can provide refreshment from a days sedentary job.2.鍛煉和放松自己通常被認(rèn)為是治療疲勞癥的有效方法。exercising and relaxing yourself is often prescribed as an effective cure for fatigue.3.你的活動(dòng)量越小，機(jī)體老化的過(guò)程就越快，你就越容易面臨生理和心理方面的種種問(wèn)題。the less active you are, the faster this aging process accelerates, and the morevulnerable you become to physical and psychological problems.4.即使你堅(jiān)持節(jié)食，你也不可能減到你所希望的那種身材的程度。even if you keep up dieting, you cannot reduce to the point where you achieve the kind of body-shaping you want.5.人們認(rèn)為他有一個(gè)幸福的晚年，因?yàn)樵谶@期間他除了睡覺(jué)、吃飯幾乎什么事情都不做。但他卻常常感到疲憊和心情壓抑。people thought he had happy late years during which time he did little but slept and ate, yet he was often tired and depressed.6.過(guò)去，人們用搓衣板洗衣服，用手捆干草，很少抱怨疲勞；而如今人們擁有各種節(jié)省體力的裝置和方便的交通設(shè)施，但卻總是抱怨疲勞不堪。in the past when hay was baled by hand and laundry scrubbed on a washboard, people seldom complained of tiredness. however, people feel dragged out and complain a lot in the modern time of labor-saving devices and convenient transportation.a：第五單元vocabulary study: 1.uniform 2.distinguish/recognize 3.ascertained 4.recognized 5.unique 6.outlet 7.tactile 8.rigid 9.secure 10.acquisition 11.fruitful 12.foundationclose :adbba ddcba ccadb dcabatranslation:1.人們普遍認(rèn)為孩子在家里的撫養(yǎng)與他們?cè)趯W(xué)校所接受的教育密不可分。it is generally accepted that the upbringing of the child within the home is closely related to the education of the child in school.2.詹妮弗是紐約先驅(qū)論壇報(bào)（new york herald tribune）的人事科長(zhǎng)，在這家報(bào)紙里她還負(fù)責(zé)公共關(guān)系方面的特約社論工作。jennifer is the chief of personnel for the new york herald tribune, where she is also responsible for special editorial work in the field of public relations.3.杰弗兩年前在她妹妹的生日聚會(huì)上認(rèn)識(shí)了羅斯，從那以后，他們兩人一致通過(guò)電子郵件聯(lián)系，杰弗越了解羅斯，他就越喜歡她。it was two years ago that jeff met rose at his sisters birthday party. they have been communicating with each other by e-mail since then; the more jeff knows rose, the more he likes her.4.這個(gè)措施不僅有效地為下崗工人提供了就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，而且還有效地控制了物價(jià)上漲。this new measure is effective not only in providing job opportunities for the laid-off workers, but in limiting price increases.5.同樣，他們對(duì)這一陰謀的政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)背景認(rèn)識(shí)得不夠充分。similarly/likewise, they insufficiently treated the political and economic background of the conspiracy.6.大規(guī)模的貨幣投資，一方面滿足了經(jīng)濟(jì)高速增長(zhǎng)的需要，另一方面也造成了通貨膨脹。tremendous capital input has met the needs of rapid economic growth on the one hand and has caused the inflation on the other.a:第十一單元vocabulary study：1.monarch 2.throne 3.ambassador 4.preceded 5.refined 6.rival 7.functions 8.efficiency 9.inspiration 10.spitting 11.grace 12.preserveclose：acdab dcacb ccadc dbdadtranslation:1 人們主要關(guān)心的是如果城市經(jīng)濟(jì)不能和國(guó)際接軌我國(guó)在世界競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中就會(huì)處于被動(dòng)。the main concern of the people is that if chinas urban economy can not join international intercourse, our country will be in a disadvantageous situation in the world market.2 走私不僅擾亂市場(chǎng)偷逃關(guān)稅而且還危害到民族工業(yè)的生存和發(fā)展。smuggling operations not only disorder out markets, and evade custom duty, but also harm the survival and development of national industry.3 為了促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅速發(fā)展政府正在努力恢復(fù)公眾對(duì)其經(jīng)濟(jì)管理的信心。to promote the rapid development of economy the government is trying to restore public confidence in its management of the economy.4 由于新的發(fā)現(xiàn)為了大多數(shù)人民的利益必須放棄這一已經(jīng)被廣泛接受的理論。this popular theory must be discarded in the light of new findings for the benefit of the majority of the people.5 為了保護(hù)環(huán)境傳統(tǒng)的農(nóng)業(yè)方法正在歐洲很多地區(qū)越來(lái)越多的得到使用。in order to protect the environment, traditional farming methods are coming into use in many areas in europe.6 由于時(shí)間有限又缺乏人力這個(gè)公司還沒(méi)找到適合他們需要的新的場(chǎng)地。because of the time limit and the shortage of human resources, the firm has not yet managed to find new premises that are suitable for their purpose.a:第十三單元vocabulary study:1.circle 2.unsolved 3.watchers 4.self-image 5.counter-measures 6.unconscious 7.rapport 8.flashed 9.dominance 10.disinterest 11.undemonstrative 12.positionedclose: cdbcc dadab abccb dbddatranslation:1、這么早做計(jì)劃是沒(méi)有意義的，到了明年有許多情況會(huì)發(fā)生變化。planning so far ahead makes no sense. so many things will have changed by next year.2、21世紀(jì)人們所面臨的一個(gè)主要問(wèn)題是人口的迅速增長(zhǎng)對(duì)于發(fā)展中國(guó)家來(lái)說(shuō)這是一個(gè)沉重的負(fù)擔(dān)。the main problem that people are facing the 21st century is that the rapid increase of population is a heavy burden for developing countries.3、關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題是對(duì)于現(xiàn)代的科技書(shū)籍尤其是教科書(shū)而言如果作者希望書(shū)的內(nèi)容能跟上時(shí)代的步伐就要在每隔一段時(shí)間后加以修訂。the key is that in regard to the modern scientific and technical books, especially textbooks, their authors should revise them at short intervals if they wish to keep pace with the times.4、1989年以來(lái)該公司一直受到指控原因是它為了獲得更大的利潤(rùn)試圖以市場(chǎng)調(diào)查為幌子來(lái)銷售其產(chǎn)品。the company has been accused of trying to seel their products under the guise of market research in order to get more profits since 1989.5、眼淚是一種自然的表達(dá)方式因?yàn)樗鼙磉_(dá)許許多多的情感像快樂(lè)悲傷孤獨(dú)害怕寬慰氣憤或者絕望，所以它也提供了通往外部世界的健康途徑。 tears are a natural form of expression. as they can convey a multitude of feelings, such as happiness, sadness, loneliness, fear, comfort, anger, or frustration, it provides a healthy outlet for emotions.6、一方面中國(guó)政府已作出了重大努力動(dòng)員人民因地制宜地開(kāi)展改善生態(tài)環(huán)境的工作另一方面還要做出更大的努力來(lái)進(jìn)一步提高人們的環(huán)境意識(shí)普及環(huán)境知識(shí)。on one hand, the government of china has already made great efforts to mobilize people to improve the ecological environment in the light of local conditions. on the other hand, greater efforts should be made to further raise peoples awareness of the environment and spread knowledge about the environment.b:第三單元.comprehension check . 1-5: bccbd 6-10: dcdad. vocabulary study . 1 outstrip 2 limbo 3 ceased 4 in the wake of 5 paramount 6 ethical 7 prolonged 8 thorny 9 congenital 10 subsequently . 1 euthanasia 2 salvaged 3 deformity 4 defects 5 handicaps 6 lingering 7 grapple 8 allegedly 9 acquitted 10 frontier translationcompared with the depressed, nervous and irritable person, the energetic, optimistic and relaxed one is less likely to catch cold. when the brain is in a happy and relaxed state, it will send signal to each organ helping for keeping healthy. keeping a healthy mood could effectively reduce the possibilities of catching cold, pneumonia and even cancer. in addition, relaxed and happy people always have better habits of health protection than the pessimistic and nervous ones. they are prone to have enough sleep, do regular exercises and have lower amount of certain nervous hormone in their bodies.b:第六單元 p115. comprehension check 1-5 deaac 6-10 dcdab . vocabulary study i 1. outgoing 2.petite 3.emphatically 4.self-possessed 5. quest 6.personable 7. fantasized 8. buy into 9.defer 10.caught up ii 1.involved 2. committed 3. figure out 4. convinced 5.affluent 6. tied down 7. quest 8. the end of the rainbow 9.therapeutic 10. formulating iii translation我贊成這樣的理想：人應(yīng)該各方面都很出色，既要有頭腦，也要有健美的體格。我希望能得到某種幸福和快樂(lè)。美國(guó)是能得到這些東西的最好的地方，因?yàn)檫@里的人和我們的思想來(lái)自世界各地。至今到美國(guó)來(lái)尋夢(mèng)的仍然大有人在。現(xiàn)在我明白了，決定美國(guó)夢(mèng)能否實(shí)現(xiàn)的不是教育、不是機(jī)會(huì)、也不是艱苦的工作，而是權(quán)勢(shì)和恐懼感。你在企業(yè)里爬到的地位越高，你失去的東西就越多。美國(guó)夢(mèng)并沒(méi)有破滅。今天在美國(guó)十分流行的想法是：千萬(wàn)不能失去夢(mèng)想。i agree to this ideal: people should be good in all aspects, it is necessary to have not only the mind, but also magnificent physique. i hope to get some kind of happiness and joy. the united states is the best place to get these things, because the people here and their ideas come from all over the world. so far , here are still many people to seek a dream. now i know, it is not education, not opportunities, and not hard work, but power and fear that decide whether the american dream can come to be or not. the higher your position is in enterprise, the more you lose something. the american dream is not the end. the idea is very popular in the united states today: never lose ones dream.b:第九單元 p193 i comprehension check 1-5 dadcc 6-10 bbacdii vocabulary studyi 1. parlance 2. stringent 3. ascribed 4. symposium 5. copious 6. aversion to 7. warrant 8. manipulated 9. garnered 10.lingered ii 1. hormones 2. predators 3.elated 4. elicited 5. entail 6. anecdotes 7. controversial 8. legitimize 9. wake 10.dejectedly iii translation mounting evidence shows that animals also have emotions. because feelings are intangible and tough to study scientifically, it is hard for scientists to bear out the possiblity of complex animal feelings that entail mental processing. but some scientists believe there are similarities in the brain anatomy and chemistry of humans and animals. for example, scientists studying the biology of emotions have found that emotions seem to arise from parts of the brain located be