第二部分語(yǔ)法知識(shí)貫通專題一動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致高考幫·備考方向?qū)Ш絒2020全國(guó)Ι,61]TheunmannedChang’e-4probe(探測(cè)器)—thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoongoddess—(touch)downlastweekintheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.

2.[2020全國(guó)Ⅱ,62]Thisiswhydecoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowers(carry)specialsignificance.

3.[2020新高考Ι(山東),40&41]Thepartsofamuseumopentothepublic(call)galleriesorrooms.Often,onlyasmallpartofamuseum’scollection(be)ondisplay.

4.[2020浙江,61]Byabout6000BC,people(discover)thebestcropstogrowandanimalstoraise.

5.[2020天津,9]Thenumberofmedicalschoolsreached18intheearly1990sand(remain)aroundthatleveleversince.

6.[2020江蘇,22]Ifyoulookatallsidesofthesituation,you’llfindprobablyasolutionthat(suit)everyone.

7.[2019全國(guó)Ι,65]InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavut(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements...

8.[2019浙江,56]Wheneverypupilintheschoolwearstheuniform,nobody(have)toworryaboutfashion(時(shí)尚).

9.[2019江蘇,29]AfewmonthsafterhehadarrivedinChina,Mr.Smith(fall)inlovewiththepeopleandculturethere.

10.[2018全國(guó)Ⅱ,61]Since2011,thecountry(grow)morecornthanrice.

11.[2018江蘇,30]Iwassenttothevillagelastmonthtoseehowthedevelopmentplan(carry)outinthepasttwoyears.

12.[2018浙江11月,56&57]Youprobably(use)caffeinesincechildhood.Caffeine(be)inyourfirstCoke.

13.[2016江蘇,22]Moreefforts,asreported,(make)intheyearsaheadtoacceleratethesupply-sidestructuralreform.

習(xí)思用·語(yǔ)法特訓(xùn)一、單句填空1.Asweallknow,Hangzhou,abeautifulcity,(win)thebidonSeptember16th,2015.Thus,itwillbethethirdChinesecitytohosttheAsianGames.

2.Agriculturalexpertssayhavingalargevarietyofplants(help)toprotectagainstpossiblecropdiseasesandfuturecrises.

3.Hehadhiseyesonme,andIguessedhe(consider)rightthenwhetherornottotellmethetruth.

4.USwriterMargaretLeeRunbeckonce(write),"Happinessisnotastationyouarriveat,butamanneroftraveling."Buttravelingisnotalwayshappy,atleastforthebuddiesinthemovieGreenBook.Themovie(adapt)fromthetruestoryofaroadtripthroughthesouthernUSintheearly1960s.

5.TheInternationalDayofFamilies,whichwasstartedbytheUnitedNationsin1993,(hold)onMay15theveryyear.

6.Overthepastdecade,aglobalpushtoreducehungerandextremepoverty(mark)somesignificantsuccess.

7.Ifyougiveupinwinter,you(miss)thehopeofspring,thebeautyofsummer,andtheharvestofautumninyourlife.

8.Bythetimethebanwasfinallylifted,he(stick)attheairportformorethantwoweeks.

9.Jack(work)inthelabwhenthepowercutoccurred.

10.Choosingacareerisimportantbecausemostofthetimeinourlives(spend)onwork.

二、"語(yǔ)法—寫作"遷移練用正確的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)完成句子。1.[2020全國(guó)Ⅱ]Eachofuscarriedabasketandapairofscissors,(快速爬上梯子并開(kāi)始摘橘子).

2.[2020新高考Ι(山東)]Withtheintentionofenrichingourcampuslife,(我們學(xué)校組織了一場(chǎng)5千米越野賽)lastSunday.

3.[2020浙江]Throughyourtirelesswork,(我們所有人在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)上都取得了很大進(jìn)步),especiallyinspokenEnglish.

4.[2020浙江]Ibelieveinthenearfuture,(我們將不辜負(fù)您的期望).

5.[2018全國(guó)Ι]Theelderly(通常是第一個(gè)品嘗)thefoodservedonthetablebecause(他們很受尊敬)inChina.

答案專題一動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致1.touched句中有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)lastweek,故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。2.carries在why引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句中,動(dòng)詞-ing短語(yǔ)decorating...flowers作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),并且此處講的是客觀事實(shí),用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。3.arecalled;is分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,第一空所在句的主語(yǔ)為Thepartsofamuseum,設(shè)空處為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,與主語(yǔ)之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知這里為客觀事實(shí),故此處用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。第二空根據(jù)Often及語(yǔ)境可知該句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),設(shè)空處為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,主語(yǔ)為onlyasmallpartofamuseum’scollection,是單數(shù)形式,故此處用is。4.haddiscovered根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Byabout6000BC可知,句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí),故填haddiscovered。5.hasremainedeversince是解題關(guān)鍵,與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。"thenumberof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞"作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)?！疽族e(cuò)點(diǎn)撥】remain通常不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。6.suits句意:如果你從各個(gè)方面看待這個(gè)情況,你可能會(huì)找到一個(gè)適合每個(gè)人的解決方案。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,此處陳述的是客觀情況,故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);that...everyone為定語(yǔ)從句,主語(yǔ)that指代asolution,為單數(shù)形式,故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),故填suits。7.havereported句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Inrecentyears多與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用,主語(yǔ)someInuitpeople為復(fù)數(shù)意義,因此本空填havereported。8.has/willhave此處用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)描述一般情況,主語(yǔ)是nobody,所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用has。也可理解為When引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái),主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí),故可填willhave。9.fell句意:史密斯先生到中國(guó)幾個(gè)月后,愛(ài)上了那里的人和文化。這里描述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情,應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。注意fall為不規(guī)則變化動(dòng)詞,過(guò)去式為fell。10.hasgrown由句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Since2011可知,空處謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。11.hadbeencarried本句中主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí),因此從句中應(yīng)該使用過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài);根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)inthepasttwoyears可知,應(yīng)使用完成時(shí)態(tài);又因plan與carryout為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。因此空處應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。12.haveused/havebeenusing;was句意:你可能從小就在服用咖啡因?？Х纫蚓驮谀愕牡谝槐煽诳蓸?lè)里。根據(jù)sincechildhood可知,use這一動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻開(kāi)始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,已經(jīng)結(jié)束或者還有可能持續(xù)下去,所以第一空應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或者現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí);又主語(yǔ)為You,故第一空填haveused/havebeenusing。inyourfirstCoke暗含過(guò)去的時(shí)間,故第二空應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí);又主語(yǔ)為Caffeine,故第二空填was。13.willbemade根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)intheyearsahead"在未來(lái)幾年中"可知,本句應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。efforts與make之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故本句應(yīng)該使用一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。一、單句填空1.won句意:眾所周知,杭州,一座美麗的城市,于2015年9月16日贏得了主辦權(quán)。因此,它將是第三個(gè)舉辦亞運(yùn)會(huì)的中國(guó)城市。句中有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)"onSeptember16th,2015",故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。2.helps分析句子成分可知,空格處在賓語(yǔ)從句中作謂語(yǔ),從句主語(yǔ)是havingalargevarietyofplants,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。此處是對(duì)一般情況的介紹,時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),故填helps。3.wasconsidering句意:他盯著我,我猜他當(dāng)時(shí)正在考慮是否告訴我真相。結(jié)合句意和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)rightthen可知,此處是說(shuō)當(dāng)他盯著"我"的那個(gè)時(shí)候,即表示過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。主語(yǔ)he為第三人稱單數(shù),故填wasconsidering。4.wrote;wasadapted由once可知,第一空應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。第二空,此處表示這部電影改編自真實(shí)的故事,表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情,且Themovie與動(dòng)詞adapt之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。5.isheld根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)everyyear可知,句子應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);句子主語(yǔ)TheInternationalDayofFamilies表示單數(shù)概念,且與動(dòng)詞hold之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故填isheld。6.hasmarked根據(jù)句中時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Overthepastdecade可知,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。主語(yǔ)aglobalpush是單數(shù),故填hasmarked。in/during/overthepast/lastdecade都表示"在過(guò)去的十年里",通常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。7.willmiss句意:如果你在冬天放棄,你會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)你生命中春天的希望、夏天的美麗和秋天的收獲。if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái),主句應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí),即"主將從現(xiàn)"原則,故填willmiss。8.hadbeenstuck根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句"Bythetimethebanwasfinallylifted"可知,主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去的過(guò)去,且動(dòng)詞stick與he之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。注意動(dòng)詞stick的