英語詩歌的類型TypesofPoetry本課件僅供大家學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)完畢請自覺刪除謝謝本課件僅供大家學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)完畢請自覺刪除謝謝1.Epic史詩--recountinginacontinuousnarrativethelifeandactionofaheroicormythologicalpersonorgroupofpersons--Homer:IliadandOdyssey

Virgil:Aeneid

Dante:DivineComedyAnglo-Saxonlegend:Beowulf

Milton:ParadiseLost22.Ballad歌謠--anarrativepoemoffolksongwhichtellsastoryinsimplecolloquiallanguage,usuallyinfour-linestanzaswiththesecondandfourthlinesrhymed--theborderareabetweenEnglandandScotland--theMiddleages--commonpeople,oraltradition--traditionalballad:RobinHoodBallads--literaryballad:Coleridge:TheRimeoftheAncientMariner33.Romance傳奇--primarilymedievalfictioninverseorprosedealingwithadventuresofchivalryandlove--Frenchorigin--feudalsystem--SirGawainandtheGreenKnight--LeMorted’Arthur

4II.Lyricpoetry抒情詩--takingitsnamefromsongssungbyindividualsorachorusaccompaniedbythelyre--possiblytheoldest:theSongofSolomonandthePsalms--FrancescoPetrarch–Italiansonnet--loveasthemostimportantsubjectmatter--differentfromnarrativepoems:NarrativeLyricstorysongactionemotion51.Sonnet十四行詩--afourteen-linepoem,writteniniambicpentameter(lineswithtensyllables,withaccentsfallingoneverysecondsyllable)--PetrarchinItaly--England:ThomasWyatt,HenryHoward--Spenseriansonnet:--Shakespeareansonnet:abab,cdcd,efef,gg62.Ode頌詩--aformoflyricpoeminwhichthepoethighlycelebratesaperson,athingoranevent--length,stanzaforms,styleandpurpose--Shelley:OdetotheWestWind

Keats:OdetoAutumn

73.Song歌--ashortlyricpoemintendedtobesettomusicineithervocalperformanceorwithaccompanimentofmusicalinstruments--BenJonson:Song:toCelia

84.Elegy挽詩;挽歌;哀歌--elegiac(GreekandRoman)--writtenincoupletsconsistingofahexameterlinefollowedbyapentameterline--usuallyareflectivepoemoflamentationorregret,withnosetmetricalform,generallyofmelancholytone,oftenondeath--ThomasGray:ElegyWritteninaCountryChurchyard95.Dirge挽歌--originallyareligiousserviceinhonorofthedead--nowanysongofmourning,shorterandlessformalthananelegy,andoftenrepresentedasatextmeanttobesungaloud--WilliamShakespeare:FullFathomFive(fromActI,SceneII,TheTempest)106.Aubade晨曲--amorningserenade(F.)--apoemaboutthecomingofdawn,orapieceofmusicmeanttobesungorplayedbyaloveroutdoorslamentingpartingatdaybreak--JohnDonn:TheSunRising

RobertBrowning:PartingatMorning117.Pastoral田園詩--anartisticcompositiondealingwiththelifeofshepherdsorwithasimple,ruralexistence--usuallyidealizingshepherds’livesinordertocreateanimageofpeacefulanduncorruptedexistence--describingthesimplicity,charmandserenityattributedtocountry--placingkindly,ruralpeopleinnature-centeredactivities--WilliamWordsworth:Michael:APastoralPoem12III.Dramaticpoetry戲劇詩--anyversewrittenforthestage--usingthediscourseofthecharactersinvolvedtotellastoryorportrayasituation--presentingthevoiceofanimaginarycharacter(orcharacters)speakingdirectly,withoutanyadditionalnarrationbytheauthor--dramaticmonologuebyRobertBrowning:MyLastDuchess

13IV.Othertypesofpoetry1.Descriptivepoetry--devotedtotheportrayofexternalobjectsorscenes--givingexpressiontothepoet’sthoughtsandfeelingsarousedbythevariousscenesandobjectsinthenaturalworld--oftendidactic--WilliamWordsworth:

ComposedUponWestminsterBridge142.Reflectivepoetry--treatingofreflectionsandthoughtsoftheauthor--expressingamerereflection,ormoreseriousthought--expoundinghumanlife,therelationshipsofmanwiththeworldbymeansofvariousmethodsofothertypesofpoetry153.Didacticpoetry--toinstructortopersuade,toteach--AlexanderPope:AnEssayonCriticism164.Satiricalpoetry--exhibitingorexamininghumanorindividualvices,follies,abuses,orshortcomings--bymeansofridicule,derision,burlesque,irony,orothermeth