第20頁/共20頁廣東省陽江市2022-2023學年高二上學期期中四校聯考英語試卷注意事項：1.答題前，先將自己的姓名、班級和考號填寫在試題卷和答題卡上，并將準考證號條形碼貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.選擇題的作答：選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區域均無效。3.非選擇題的作答：用簽字筆直接寫在答題卡上對應的答題區域內。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區域均無效。4.考試結束后，請將本試題卷和答題卡一并上交。第一部分閱讀(共兩節;滿分50分)第一節(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每小題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AWanttobemoresuccessful?Ifso,thenyouneedtoreadafewself-helpbooks.Herearefourpopularonestogetyougoing.59Seconds(2009)byRichardWisemanThisisaself-helpbookwithadifference.Wiseman,ascientist,usessciencetoprovemanyself-helpmyths(神話)arefalse.Forexample,self-helpbookssaythatifyouwanttoachieveagoal,youshouldvisualizeit.ButWisemansaysthat'stheworstthingtodo.Studiesshowthatyouneedtovisualizethestepsrequiredtoachievethegoal.HowtoWinFriends&InfluencePeople(1936)—byDaleCarnegieThisisthebookthatlaunchedtheself-helptype.Carnegiesaysfinancialsuccessis15%professionalknowledgeand85%theabilitytoexpressideas,assumeleadership,andmotivatepeople.Thebookisfullofpracticaladviceonhowtoinfluencepeoplebymakingthemlikeyou.TheMillionaireNextDoor(1996)byThomasStanley&WlliamDankoTheauthorsofthisbookspentyearsinterviewingAmericanmillionairestofigureoutthesecretsoftheirsuccess.Andtheydiscoveredthatamajorityofmillionairesdon'tliveluxurylifestyles.They'rerichbecausetheylivebelowtheirmeansandreinvestwhattheyearn.WhoMovedMyCheese?(1998)-bySpencerJohnsonWhoMovedMyCheese?AnAmazingWaytoDealwithChangeinYourWorkandinYourLife,publishedonSeptember8,1998,isamotivationalbusinessfable.Thetextdescribeschangeinone'sworkandlife,andfourtypicalreactionstothosechangesbytwomiceandtwo“littlepeople”，duringtheirhuntforcheese.1.Whatisthekeytoachievingsuccessin59Seconds?A.Toemployscience. B.Tofollowexamples.C.Topictureprocedures. D.Tovisualizethegoal.2.WhatisDaleCarnegie'sbookmainlyabout?A.Howtomasteroccupationalknowledge. B.Howtoapplypracticaltechniques.C.Howtogainstrongmanagement. D.Howtobecomepopularpersons.3.Whichbookcanhelpyouadapttochangeinyourlife?A.59Seconds B.WhoMovedMyCheese?C.TheMillionaireNextDoor D.HowtoWinFriends&InfluencePeople【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了四本有助于變得更成功的自助書籍。【1題詳解】細節理解題。根據59Seconds(2009)byRichardWiseman部分中Studiesshowthatyouneedtovisualizethestepsrequiredtoachievethegoal.可知研究表明，你需要設想實現目標所需的步驟。由此可知，要想在59秒內取得成功，關鍵是要把步驟想象出來。故選C。【2題詳解】細節理解題。根據HowtoWinFriends&InfluencePeople(1936)—byDaleCarnegie部分中Thebookisfullofpracticaladviceonhowtoinfluencepeoplebymakingthemlikeyou.可知這本書里有很多實用的建議，教你如何通過讓別人喜歡你來影響別人。由此可知，DaleCarnegie的書主要講了如何成為受歡迎的人。故選D。【3題詳解】細節理解題。根據最后一段中WhoMovedMyCheese?AnAmazingWaytoDealwithChangeinYourWorkandinYourLife,publishedonSeptember8,1998,isamotivationalbusinessfable.Thetextdescribeschangeinone'sworkandlife,andfourtypicalreactionstothosechangesbytwomiceandtwo“littlepeople”，duringtheirhuntforcheese.可知1998年9月8日出版的《誰動了我的奶酪？處理工作和生活變化的神奇方法》是一個勵志的商業寓言。文章描述了工作和生活的變化，以及兩只老鼠和兩個“小人物”在尋找奶酪的過程中對這些變化的四種典型反應。由此可知，《誰動了我的奶酪？》這本書可以幫助你適應生活中的變化。故選B。BLastyear,thebushfiresinAustraliaburnedmorethan12.35millionacresofland.Atleast25peoplewerekilledand2000homesdestroyed.AccordingtotheBBC,thatwasthemostcasualties(傷亡)fromwildfiresinthecountrysince2009.TheUniversityofSydneyestimatesthat480millionanimalshavediedinSouthWalesalone.ZekeHausfather,anenergysystemsanalystandclimateresearcheratBerkeleyEarth,saidwarmertemperaturesandextremeweathermadeAustraliamoresusceptibletofiresandincreasedthelengthofthefireseason."Thedrierconditionscombinedwithrecordhightemperaturesin2019createdmainconditionsforthedisastrousfires.Australia'sfireswereworsenedbythecombinationofthosetwo.2019wastheperfectstormforbeingthewarmestyearonrecordforAustraliaandthedriestyearonrecordforAustralia,"HausfatheraddedonFriday.KevinTrenberth,aseniorscientistattheUSNationalCenterforAtmosphericResearch,saidwarmeroceantemperaturesarealsocontributedtomorevariableweatheraroundtheworld.Trenberthbelievesthatglobalwarmingcontributedtoenergyimbalancesandhotspotsintheoceans,whichcancreateawaveintheatmospherethatlocksweatherpatternsinplaces,causinglongerraineventsinIndonesia,forexample,andatthesametimecontributingtodroughtinAustralia.Hesaidthatonceanareaexperiencesdroughtconditionsfortwomonthsormore,itincreasestheriskoffirescatchingandspreading.Thosechangingweatherpatternsduetoglobalwarmingmakedroughteventslonger.Climateexpertsstressthatclimatechangeisnottheonlyfactorintheseverity(嚴重)ofwildfires.Howlandismanagedcanalsoimpacttheamountoffuelavailableforfires.Practiceslikecontrolledbumsandotherfactorscanimpacttherisktopeopleandproperty,suchaswarningsystemsandthetypeofdevelopmentinagivenarea.Changingthosepolicieshasgreatpotentialtolimitfuturedamagefromwildfiresalongwithchangestohowfiremanagementresourcesaredispatched(派遣).4.Whatarethenumbersaboutinparagraph1?A.ThecausesofAustralianfires. B.TheresultsofAustralianfires.C.ThedamagedareasofAustralianfires. D.ThepropertydestructionofAustralianfires.5.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains''susceptibleto"inthesecondparagraph?A.Veryquicklytoadaptto.B.Veryseriouslytofocuson.C.Verylikelytobeinfluencedby.D.Veryeasilytobeprotectedagainst.6.WhatcanweinferfromTrenberth’sresearch?A.Longerdryweathercontributestoglobalwarming.B.Globalwanningisalsoamaincauseofthebushfires.C.Warmeroceantemperaturesleadstothefiresdirectly.D.Theimbalancedenergyleadstothetemperaturerising.7.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?A.TostresstheeffectsofAustraliafires.B.Toshowthemethodsforlandmanagement.C.TopredicttheseriousnessofAustraliafires.D.Toprovidesomeadviceaboutreducingfiredamage.【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了澳大利亞森林大火產生的條件和蔓延的原因。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。由第一段“Thisseason,thebushfiresinAustraliahaveburnedmorethan12.35millionacresofland.Atleast25peoplehavebeenkilledand2000homesdestroyed(這個季節，澳大利亞的森林大火已經燒毀了超過1235萬英畝的土地。至少25人死亡，2000座房屋被毀)”可知，本段的數字表明森林大火產生的嚴重后果。故選B項。【5題詳解】詞句猜測題。由第二段“ZekeHausfather,anenergysystemsanalystandclimateresearcheratBerkeleyEarth,saidwarmertemperaturesandextremeweatherhavemadeAustraliamoresusceptibletofiresandincreasedthelengthofthefireseason(加州大學伯克利分校地球分校的能源系統分析師和氣候研究員澤克·豪薩福爾說，氣溫升高和極端天氣使澳大利亞更容易發生火災，并延長了火災季節的長度)”可推測，氣溫升高和極端天氣更容易發生火災，moresusceptibleto意為“更容易受到……影響”，與C項“Verylikelytobeinfluencedby(很容易受……的影響)”意思相近。故選C項。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。由第三段的“Hesaidthatonceanareaexperiencesdroughtconditionsfortwomonthsormore,itincreasestheriskoffirescatchingandspreading.Thosechangingweatherpatternsduetoglobalwarmingmakedroughteventslonger(他說，一旦一個地區經歷了兩個月或更長時間的干旱，它就會增加火災發生和蔓延的風險。那些由于全球變暖而改變的天氣使得干旱持續的時間更長)”可推斷，全球氣候變暖是森林火災的根本原因。故選B項。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段內容可知，氣候專家強調，氣候變化不是野火嚴重的唯一因素。土地的管理方式也會影響火災可用燃料的數量。諸如控制性燃燒和其他因素等做法可能會影響對人和財產的風險，火災管理資源分配方式改變的同時，改變這些政策有很大的潛力限制未來野火造成的損害。可推斷在最后一段作者想要介紹一些關于減少火災損失的建議。故選D項。CIntheUnitedStates,acompanyisworkingonaprojectthatcouldchangethewaywethinkaboutpublictransportation.Itsplannedsystemwouldmovepeoplearoundinsteeltubes.Thosepassengerswouldbetravelingatspeedsofupto1,200kilometersperhour.ThefuturistictransportationsystemiscalledHyperloop.WorkersplantotestthesystemnextyearinaspeciallybuiltcommunitycalledQuayvalley.Thetownwillbepoweredentirelybyenergyfromthesun.TheHyperlooptransportsystemistheideaofbusinessmanElonMusk.DirkAhlbornisheadofHyperloopTransportationTechnologies.HesayshiscompanyhastakenMr.Musk'sideaandisdevelopingasystemthatwillbesafe,environmentallyfriendlyandfast.It’s100percentsolar-powered...we’renotgoingtogetupto760milesperhour,butwebelievewecanactuallybreaktherecordsthatareexitingrightnow.”Thismeansthatafour-hourdrivefromLosAngeles,CaliforniatoLasVegas,Nevada,couldsomedaytakeonly30minutesbyHyperloop.Thesysteminvolvesaseriesofcapsulesthatfloatinsidealongtube.Thesecontainerswouldn’tneedtotravelalongapathwayortrack.Thesystemhasbeendesignedtooperateaboveorbelowground.Insidethetubethereisalow-pressureenvironmentverysimilartoanairplanethat’sathighaltitudes.Sonowthecapsuletravellinginsidethetubedoesn’tmeetwithasmuchresistance,andthereforecantravelreallyfastwithverylittleenergy.DickAhlbornandhiscompanywilluseaneight-kilometertrackinQuayValleytofindthebestwaytosetuppassengertrafficandrepaircapsules.Alargersystemwillcostanestimated6—10billiondollarstobuild.IfMr.Ahlbornandhiscompanysucceed,wemayonedayseetheseveryfastHyperloopcapsulesspeedingthroughtubesaroundtheworld.8WhatdoweknowabouttheHyperlooptransportsystem?A.Ittravelsalongapathwayortrack. B.Itwasalreadytestedinacommunity.C.Itwasdevelopedbyabusinessman. D.Itisenvironmentallyfriendly.9.WhycantheHyperloopcapsulestravelfast?A.Theyaresolar-powered. B.Theytravelathighaltitudes.C.Thereislessresistanceinsidethetube. D.Thereisapowerfulenginetodrivethem.10.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheHyperlooptransportsystem?A.Objective. B.Doubtful. C.Subjective. D.Dissatisfied.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SteelTubs B.ACreativeBusinessmanC.HyperloopTransportSystem D.QuayValley【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了外國人正在研發一種號稱時速高達1200公里的既安全又節能的新型交通工具。【8題詳解】細節理解題。根據第三段中“HesayshiscompanyhastakenMr.Musk'sideaandisdevelopingasystemthatwillbesafe,environmentallyfriendlyandfast.(他說，他公司已經采納了馬斯克的想法，正在開發一種安全、環保、快速的系統)”可知，超級高鐵運輸系統是環保的。故選D。【9題詳解】細節理解題。根據倒數第三段中“Sonowthecapsuletravellinginsidethetubedoesn’tmeetwithasmuchresistance,andthereforecantravelreallyfastwithverylittleenergy.(所以現在運輸倉在管道內移動不會遇到太多阻力，因此可以用很少的能量快速移動)”可知，在管道里幾乎沒有阻力，因此可以運行飛快，故選C。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，作者客觀描述了超級高鐵運輸系統這一新型交通系統的研發情況及其工作原理，可推知，作者對超級高鐵運輸系統呈客觀態度。故選A。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第二段“ThefuturistictransportationsystemiscalledHyperloop.WorkersplantotestthesystemnextyearinaspeciallybuiltcommunitycalledQuayvalley.Thetownwillbepoweredentirelybyenergyfromthesun.(這種未來的交通系統被稱為“超級高鐵”。工人們計劃明年在一個名為碼頭谷的特別建造的社區測試該系統。這個城鎮將完全由太陽能供電)”結合文章主要介紹了外國人正在研發一種號稱時速高達1200公里的既安全又節能的新型交通工具。可知，C選項“超級高鐵運輸系統”最符合文章標題。故選C。DSixpeopleareabouttofindoutwhatitwouldbeliketoliveonMars—withouteverleavingtheEarth.ThreemenandthreewomenwillspendeightmonthslivinginaspecialhabitatonthesideofavolcanoinHawaii.TheyarepartofanexperimentbeingdonebyNASA(NationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration)thatisdesignedtomimic(模仿)lifeonMars.Somepeoplemaybecomeunhappyorboredlivingunderthoseconditions.Certainpersonalitytypesmaynotgetalong,andlivingtogetherforalongtimecouldcausethemtoargue.BystudyingpeoplelivinginsimilarconditionshereonEarth,NASAhopestolearnhowtochoosethebestpeopleforaspacemission,andhowtohelpthemgetalong.Thecrew(全體工作人員)willliveinatwo-storydome-shaped(圓頂形)building.Thedomeislocatedinanareaabout2,400metresupthesideofMaunaLoa,thesecondbiggestvolcanointheworld.MaunaLoaisanactivevolcano,butithasnoteruptedsince1984.Itismonitoredallthetimeforsignsofvolcanicactivity.NASAchosethelocationbecausetheenvironmenttherelooksverysimilartoMars.Duringtheexperiment,thecrewwillonlybeabletocommunicatebyemail.TomakeitmorelikebeingonMars,therewillbea20-minutewaitingtimebetweenthetimeamessageissentandwhenitisreceived.Thatmeansitwilltake40minutestogetareplytoanemail.Thecrewwillbeperformingscientificworkwhiletheyarethere,includingsometripsoutsidethedome.Whentheygooutside,theywillhavetowearspacesuits,justasiftheywereonMars.ThecommanderofthecrewisMarthaLenio,a34-year-oldCanadian.Leniostudiedengineeringandisinterestedinspaceexplorationandenvironmentalproblems.Duringthemission,shewillrunexperimentsongrowingfoodandmakingcompost(堆肥)insidethedome.Theothercrewmembershavebackgroundsinphysicsandastronomy.Theywerechosenfromabout150peoplewhoappliedtotakepartintheexperiment.Noneofthemareastronauts.12.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheexperiment?A.Tostudypeople’sbehavior.B.Tocompleteachallengingtask.C.Togetfamiliarwithournaturalworld.D.TopreparevolunteersforlifeonMars.13.Whenlivinginagroupvolunteersshould_________.A.trytoshowtheirownpersonalityB.learntogetalongwitheachotherC.havenochancetogooutsideD.communicatebyphone14.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.MarthaLeniousedtobeanastronaut.B.Theexperimentwilltakeabouttwoyears.C.Allsixmembershaveprofessionalbackgrounds.D.Allmemberswillrunexperimentsongrowingfood.15.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Atravelmagazine.B.AsciencemagazineC.Abiologytextbook.D.Ageographytextbook.【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了一個NASA在進行的關于模擬火星生活的實驗。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第二段內容“ThreemenandthreewomenwillspendeightmonthslivinginaspecialhabitatonthesideofavolcanoinHawaii.TheyarepartofanexperimentbeingdonebyNASA(NationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration)thatisdesignedtomimiclifeonMars.(三男三女將在夏威夷一座火山邊上的一個特殊棲息地生活8個月。他們是美國國家航空航天局正在進行的模擬火星生命實驗的一部分)”可知，這項實驗中邀請了6位志愿者參與模擬在火星的生活，由此可推知，該實驗的目的應是讓志愿者為火星生活做準備。故選D項。【13題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第三段和第四段內容“Certainpersonalitytypesmaynotgetalong,andlivingtogetherforalongtimecouldcausethemtoargue.BystudyingpeoplelivinginsimilarconditionshereonEarth,NASAhopestolearnhowtochoosethebestpeopleforaspacemission,andhowtohelpthemgetalong.(某些性格類型的人可能無法相處，長時間住在一起可能會導致他們爭吵。通過研究地球上生活在類似條件下的人們，NASA希望了解如何為太空任務選擇最優秀的人，以及如何幫助他們相處)”可知，在這個實驗里，志愿者們需要學習與他人彼此相處。故選B項。【14題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第八段和第九段內容“Leniostudiedengineeringandisinterestedinspaceexplorationandenvironmentalproblems.(萊尼奧學的是工程學，對太空探索和環境問題很感興趣)”以及“Theothercrewmembershavebackgroundsinphysicsandastronomy.(其他隊員都有物理學和天文學背景)”可知，6個志愿者都具有專業背景。故選C項。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第二段內容“ThreemenandthreewomenwillspendeightmonthslivinginaspecialhabitatonthesideofavolcanoinHawaii.TheyarepartofanexperimentbeingdonebyNASA(NationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration)thatisdesignedtomimiclifeonMars.(三男三女將在夏威夷一座火山邊上的一個特殊棲息地生活8個月。他們是美國國家航空航天局正在進行的模擬火星生命實驗的一部分)”可知，文章主要講述了一個NASA在進行的關于模擬火星生活的實驗，由此可推知，文章應該來自于科學雜志。故選B項。第二節(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據短文內容，從短文后的(A、B、C、D、E、F、G)選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。在答題卡上將最佳選項涂黑。Therearenumerousbenefitsofreadinggoodbooks.___16___Whateveryourfieldmightbe,it'sveryimportanttocreateagoodhabittoreadbeyondyourhorizons.Herearetipstohelpyoucultivateabetterandconsistentreadinghabit:●Determineyourreadinggoal.___17___Thisgoalshouldbeclearandbackedupwithapurpose.Startbythinkingabouthowaconsistentreadingpatterncanhelpyougrowindifferentareasofyourlife-spirit,academics,career,relationshipsandmore.●___18___Onceyou'redonesettingyourreadinggoalfortheyear,you'llneedalisttobackitup.Writeoutalistoftheamazingbooksyouwanttoread.Askforrecommendationsfromfriendsandinstructors.Itsimportanttokeepajournallistingthebooksyou'llliketoreadforeachmonth.●Getaresponsiblereadingpartnertopromoteyourreading.Goalsneedtobebackedupinordertohelpputacheckandencourageyouduringtimesyoudon'tfeelmotivated.___19___Todevelopareadingculture,youmustfirstanalyzeyourcurrentreadinghabits.Doyoureadatall?___20___Inordertotrulyachieveyourreadinggoalsandbuildaconsistentreadinghabit,you'llneedtosetupsimplesystems，findresponsiblepartners，andgenerallybehungrytogrowbeyondyourcomfortzone.A.Doyoustudyhardatschool?B.Makealistofbooksforeachmonth.C.Doyoustartoffandstopatsomepoint?D.Getupearlyandgotobedlatetobackupyourgoal.E.It'simportanttostartoffbysettingagoaltocreateareadinghabit.F.Getafriendwillingtoread,andcreateaplantohelpyouachieveyourreadinggoals.G.Itcanmakeyouthinkdeeper,sharpenyourskillsandteachyoumoreaboutyourfield.【答案】16.G17.E18.B19.F20.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。讀好書有很多好處。文章介紹了一些幫助你養成更好和更持久閱讀習慣的小竅門。【16題詳解】上文提示“讀好書有很多好處。”承接上文，G項Itcanmakeyouthinkdeeper,sharpenyourskillsandteachyoumoreaboutyourfield.（它能讓你思考得更深入，提高你的技能，并教會你更多關于你所在領域的知識。）切題。故選G。【17題詳解】本段小標題“確定你的閱讀目標。”再根據下文提示“這個目標應該是明確的，并有一個目的作為后盾。”承接標題和下文，E項It'simportanttostartoffbysettingagoaltocreateareadinghabit.（通過設定一個目標開始養成閱讀習慣是很重要的。）切題。關鍵詞“goal”，故選E。【18題詳解】此空是段落小標題，應該用段小精悍的祈使句，所以在B/D/F中選。再結合空格下文提示“以記日記的形式列出你每個月想讀的書是很重要的。”承接下文內容，B項Makealistofbooksforeachmonth.（列出每個月的書單。）故選B。【19題詳解】上文提示“當你感到沒有動力的時候，你的目標需要被支持，以幫助你檢查和鼓勵你。”承接上文，F項Getafriendwillingtoread,andcreateaplantohelpyouachieveyourreadinggoals.（找一個愿意閱讀的朋友，制定一個幫助你實現閱讀目標的計劃。）切題。故選F。【20題詳解】根據上文提示“要培養一種閱讀文化，你必須首先分析你當前的閱讀習慣。你讀書嗎？”承接上文，C項Doyoustartoffandstopatsomepoint?（你會在某一點開始并停止嗎?）切題。故選C。第二部分語言知識與運用(共兩節;滿分30分)第一節完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A,B,C,D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。“LittleAnnie”Sullivan,asshewascalledwhenshewasyoung,wasnostrangertohardship.Shewas___21___sightlessherselfandwas,atonetime,diagnosed(診斷)ashopelesslyinsane(精神病的)bythedoctors.Shewaslockedinthebasementofa___22___institutionoutsideofBoston.Attimes,LittleAnniewouldviolently___23___anyonewhocamenear.Mostofthetimeshegenerally____24____everyoneinherpresence.Anelderlynurse___25___therewashope,however,andshemadeuphermindtoshowlovetothechild.EverydayshevisitedLittleAnnie.Forthemostpart,thechilddidnotacknowledge(理會)thenurse’spresence,butshestill___26___tovisit.Thekindlywomanleftcookiesforherandspokewordsofloveandencouragement.ShewassurethatLittleAnniecould___27___,ifonlyshewereshownlove.Eventually,doctorsnoticeda___28___inthegirl.Wheretheyoncesawangerandhate,theynownotedgentlenessand___29___.Theymovedherupstairswhereshecontinuedto____30____.Thenthedayfinallycamewhenthisseemingly“hopeless”childwassetfree.AnneSullivan____31____intoayoungwomanwitha(n)hopetohelpothersasshe,herself,washelpedbythekindlynurse.Itwasshewho____32____thegreatpotentialinHelenKeller.Shelovedher,trainedherandplayedwithher.AnneSullivanworked____33____inHelen’slife;butitwasthelovingnursewhofirstbelievedinLittleAnnieandlovinglychangedanuncommunicativechildintoakind-heartedteacher.ThenameofHelenKellerwouldhave____34____unknownifithadnotbeenforAnneSullivan._____35_____wouldthenameofAnneSullivanifithadnotbeenforthekindanddevotednurse.Andsoitgoes.Justhowfarbackdoesthechainofloveextend(延伸)?Andhowforwardwillitlead?21.A.almost B.still C.rather D.only22.A.cultural B.religious C.mental D.private23.A.attract B.attack C.watch D.touch24.A.blamed B.caught C.greeted D.ignored25.A.suggested B.determined C.imagined D.thought26.A.continued B.forgot C.refused D.failed27.A.return B.recover C.remember D.reply28.A.chance B.trouble C.change D.fault29.A.love B.worry C.anxiety D.wish30.A.play B.study C.shout D.improve31.A.ran B.grew C.looked D.knocked32.A.showed B.reached C.owned D.saw33.A.doubts B.decisions C.plans D.wonders34.A.remained B.seemed C.become D.proved35.A.Either B.And C.So D.Neither【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.D26.A27.B28.C29.A30.D31.B32.D33.D34.A35.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述HelenKeller的老師AnnieSullivan是如何在一位護士的幫助下從幾乎失明的，被診斷為精神病的小女孩變成一個樂于助人的正常人的故事。【21題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她自己幾乎失明，有一次被醫生診斷為無可救藥的精神病。A.almost幾乎；B.still仍然；C.rather相當；D.only僅僅。根據上文““LittleAnnie”Sullivan,asshewascalledwhenshewasyoung,wasnostrangertohardship.(蘇利文年輕時被稱為“小安妮”，她對苦難并不陌生。)”可知她遭受了苦難，所以應該是幾乎是失明的，故選A。【22題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她被鎖在波士頓城外一家精神病院的地下室里。A.cultural文化的；B.religious宗教的；C.mental精神的；D.private私人的。根據上文“diagnosed(診斷)ashopelesslyinsane(精神病的)bythedoctors”可知被診斷為精神病，所以應該在精神病院，故選C。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有時，小安妮會暴力攻擊任何靠近她的人。A.attract吸引；B.attack攻擊；C.watch觀看；D.touch接觸。根據上文“violently”可知是攻擊靠近她的人，故選B。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：大多數時候，她通常忽視別人的存在。A.blamed責備；B.caught抓住；C.greeted問候；D.ignored忽視。根據上文“LittleAnniewouldviolently___3___anyone”和下文“thechilddidnotacknowledge(理會)thenurse’spresence”可知是她大部分時間忽視別人的存在，故選D。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，一位老護士認為還有希望，她下定決心要向孩子表達她的愛。A.suggested建議；B.determined決定；C.imagined想象；D.thought認為。根據下文可知老護士堅持照顧和愛護小女孩，所以她認為小女孩還有希望好起來。故選D。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在大多數情況下，孩子不承認護士的存在，但她仍然繼續去看她。A.continued繼續；B.forgot忘記；C.refused拒絕；D.failed失敗。根據but可知上下文是轉折關系，雖然孩子不理那個護士，但她仍然繼續去看她，故選A。【27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她相信，只要有人愛小安妮，她就能恢復健康。A.return返回；B.recover恢復；C.remember記住；D.reply回答。根據下文“Eventually,doctorsnoticeda___8___inthegirl.”可推測那位護士堅信她能恢復健康，故選B。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，醫生注意到女孩的變化。A.chance機會；B.trouble麻煩；C.change變化；D.fault錯誤。根據下文“Wheretheyoncesawangerandhate,theynownotedgentlenessand___9___”可知從前他們看到的是憤怒和仇恨，現在他們看到的是溫柔和...，所以她們看到小女孩發生了變化，故選C。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從前他們看到的是憤怒和仇恨，現在他們看到的是溫柔和愛。A.love愛；B.worry擔心；C.anxiety憂慮；D.wish希望。根據上文“angerandhate”可知對應的應該是溫柔和愛，故選A。【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們把她搬到樓上，她在那里繼續好轉。A.play演奏；B.study學習；C.shout大喊；D.improve改善。根據下文“Thenthedayfinallycamewhenthisseemingly“hopeless”childwassetfree.”可知小女孩的狀況繼續好轉，故選D。【31題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：安妮·沙利文長成了一個希望幫助別人的年輕女子，就像她自己得到那位好心的護士的幫助一樣。A.ran跑；B.grew成長；C.looked看；D.knocked敲。根據下文“ayoungwomanwitha(n)hopetohelpothersasshe,herself,washelpedbythekindlynurse”可知小女孩慢慢長大，成為一位像那個護士一樣樂于助人的人，故選B。【32題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：正是她看到了海倫·凱勒的巨大潛力。A.showed展示；B.reached到達；C.owned擁有；D.saw看見。根據下文“Shelovedher,trainedherandplayedwithher.”可知她看到了海倫·凱勒的巨大潛力，才會愛她，幫助她，故選D。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：安妮·沙利文在海倫的生命中創造了奇跡。A.doubts疑慮；B.decisions決定；C.plans計劃；D.wonders奇跡。根據下文“butitwasthelovingnursewhofirstbelievedinLittleAnnieandlovinglychangedanuncommunicativechildintoakind-heartedteacher.”可知正是那位有愛的護士對安妮·沙利文的愛使她成為一名好老師，所以她才能在海倫的生命中創造奇跡，根據常識我們知道海倫一個又聾又啞的小女孩后來成為了名人，故選D。【34題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果不是因為安妮·沙利文，海倫·凱勒的名字就不會為人所知。A.remained仍然是；B.seemed似乎；C.become成為；D.proved證明。解析同上，要是沒有安妮·沙利文，海倫·凱勒就不會出名，故選A。【35題詳解】考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：如果沒有這位善良而忠誠的護士，安妮·沙利文的名字也會如此。A.Either任意一個；B.And并且；C.So這樣；D.Neither也不。So+主動詞+主語，表示前面的肯定內容也適用于后者，而本句說的如果沒有這位善良而忠誠的護士，安妮·沙利文的名字也一樣不會被人所知，故選C。第二節語篇填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個適當的單詞或用括號內所給單詞的正確形式填空。FlorenceNightingalewasnamedafterherbirthplace,Florence,Italy.Whenshewasalmostayearold,she_____36_____(return)withherfamilytoEngland.Florenceoftenhelpedhermotherdeliverfoodtothepoorandsick.Asshegrew______37______(old),shedecidedtobecomeanurse.Herfamilywasshockedbecausenursingwasnota_____38_____(respect)profession.ButFlorencewasdetermined.Shestudiedbooksonmedicine.Later,shevisitedhospitalsinFrance,GermanyandIrelandandlearnedeverythingshecould._____39_____returninghome,shewasanexpertonhospitalmanagement.In1854,England_____40_____(fight)awarwithRussiainTurkey.AtthefrontmanyBritishsoldierswerewoundedorsick.Thewounded_____41_____(soldier)layonthehardfloorsofadirtyarmyhospital.Intheevening,theytriedtosleep,butratsranovertheirbodies.Theconditionsforthemwereterrible.ReportsofthesufferingsofthewoundedinthefrontcreatedangerinBritain.____42____response,thegovernmentappointedFlorenceNightingaletohirefemalenurses____43____(work)inthemilitaryhospitalsinthefront.FlorencearrivedinCrimeawiththirty-eightnurses.Atfirst,thedoctorsdidnotbelievethatwomencouldhelp.Butinfact,thenursesdidmake____44____difference.Byday,nursescleanedthewardsandcaredforthesoldiers.Atnight,Nightingaletookalampandwalkedaroundthehospital_____45_____(attend)thepatients.ThesoldiersbegantocallFlorence“TheladywiththeLamp”.【答案】36.returned37.older38.respected39.Upon##On40.wasfighting41.soldiers42.In43.towork44.a45.attending【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述FlorenceNightingale經過多年的努力，使護理成為一個令人尊敬的職業。【36題詳解】考查時態。句意：當她快一歲時，她和家人一起回到了英國。根據從句的謂語動詞was可知，本句描述過去發生的事情，時態應用一般過去時，謂語動詞應變過去式。故填returned。【37題詳解】考查形容詞的比較級。句意：隨著年齡變得更大，她決定成為一名護士。根據句意及句子結構可知，grew后接形容詞的比較級，作表語。故填older。【38題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：她的家人感到震驚，因為護理不是一個受人尊敬的職業。根據句子結構可知，此處應填形容詞作定語，respected“受人尊敬的”符合題意。故填respected。【39題詳解】考查介詞。句意：回國后，她是醫院管理方面的專家。根據句意及句子結構可知，此處應填介詞upon/on，upon/ondoingsth.表示“一……就……”。位于句首，開頭字母需大寫，故填Upon/On。【40題詳解】考查時態。句意：1854年，英國正在土耳其與俄羅斯開戰。根據句意可知，此處描述過去一段時間正在發生的事情，故用過去進行時，主語England是單數，be動詞用was。故填wasfighting。【41題詳解】考查名詞。句意：受傷的士兵躺在骯臟的軍隊醫院的堅硬地板上。分析可知，空處應填soldier的復數形式表泛指，故填soldiers。【42題詳解】考查介詞。句意：作為回應，政府委派FlorenceNightingale去雇用女護士在前線的軍事醫院工作。根據句意及句子結構可知，此處表示“作為回應”，故用短語inresponse，位于句首，開頭字母需大寫，故填In。【43題詳解】考查不定式。句意：作為回應，政府委派FlorenceNightingale去雇用女護士在前線的軍事醫院工作。根據句意及句子結構可知，此處考查短語hiresb.todosth.，表示“雇用某人做某事”，設空處故填不定式，作賓補。故填towork。【44題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：但事實上，護士確實大有作為。根據句意及句子結構可知，此處考查短語makeadifference，表示“有作用，有影響”，故填a。【45題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：晚上，南丁格爾拿著一盞燈，在醫院里走來走去，照顧病人。根據句子結構可知，此處應填非謂語動詞。主語Nightingale與attend主謂關系，設空處故填現在分詞attending。故填attending。第三部分詞匯&寫作第一節單詞拼寫(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)根據句子的意思和括號里的中文提示，寫出下列的單詞的正確形式，每空限填一詞，并把答案寫在答題卷相應的橫線上。46.Heevaluatedalltheevidencebeforedrawinga________________(結論).(根據漢語提示單詞拼寫)【答案】conclusion【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：他在得出結論之前評估了所有的證據。根據漢語提示和空格前不定冠詞a可知，應使用單數可數名詞conclusion作賓語，構成短語drawaconclusion，意為“得出結論”。故填conclusion。47.This

gives

you

the

opportunity

to

pray

for

and

___________(祝福)

theother.(根據漢語意思填空)【答案】bless【解析】【詳解】考查動詞。句意：這給了你為他人祈禱和祝福的機會。根據漢語意思“祝福”可知應填動詞bless，結合上文theopportunitytoprayforand可知此處為不定式作定語，故應填動詞原形。故填bless。48.Asac_________(由于)ofbeinginhospital,Shellydecidedthatshewantedtobecomeanurse.(根據中英文提示填空)【答案】consequence##onsequence【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：由于住院的緣故，雪莉下定決心以后當一名護士。根據句意和中英文提示可知，應使用名詞consequence作賓語，構成介詞短