Unit7AListeningCourse(3)Review:VocofUnit6ambulanceconincidencecorporatecultureattirecubiclearchitecturalpledgedisplacekibbutzenvoyarmoredcarrierrefugeedetainedcustodydemolishmilitantpiracybarbedwirepragmatistSectionOne

TacticsforListeningWhilelistening:ListenandfillintheblankswithwhatyouhearMeetYourChiropractorThedoctorofchiropractic(D.C)(1)_____________,memberofthehealthteamwho(2)_________thehumanbodyasatotalfunctioning(3)______andgivesspecialattentiontothespine(4)_____________,nerves,circulatoryandskeletal(5)________.Thechiropractorseeksto(6)_________pain.Theproceduresutilizedareprimarilyfocusedonthe(7)_________.Thechiropractorisconcernedaboutthespine’srelationshiptothe(8)______________,whichcontrolsimportantbodyfunctions.Thechiropractorknowsthatamalfunctioningspinaljointcannotonlycause(9)___________orheadaches,itcanalso(10)_______

thenervesleadingfromthespine,thereby(11)__________otherportionsofthebody.MillionsofAmericansarechiropracticpatientsforawidevarietyof(12)______________.Theydependontheirchiropractorastheir(13)____________tohelpthemmaintaintheirhealththroughproper(14)__________,treatment,andreferralwhen(15)______________.Aminimumofsixyearsofcollegestudyincludinginternships(16)__________themakingofachiropracticphysician.Manydoctorsofchiropracticchooseto(17)____________________tocertainspecialties,suchas(18)_______________,nutrition,orthopedicsorradiology.Asa(19)________________________memberofthehealingarts,thedoctorofchiropracticmustpassastate(20)__________boardexaminationinordertopractice.well-recognizedconsidersunitmusclessystemsrelievespinenervesystembackpainInterferewithaffectinghealthdisordersfamilydoctordiagnosisgoesintolimittheirpracticessportsinjurieslicensedandregulatedlicensingnecessary脊椎指壓治療者,按摩師

Part2ListeningforGistFocus:

Note-takingskill:Findingthegistofthelisteningmaterial--findingatopicsentenceIronageTheIronAgewasatimeinhistoryafterpeoplebegantouseirontools.Beforethis,theyhadusedbronzeorstonetools.MostofEurope,AfricaandAsiareachedtheIronAgeby500BC.InEurope,itisaperiodofprehistory,becauseIronAgepeopledidnotwritetheirhistorydown.Ironiseasytofind,buthardtomaketoolswith.Itmeltsatahighertemperaturethanbronze.….Thismeantthatpeople'sbehaviorschanged.….Andofcourse,bronzeweaponsandarmorwerenomatchforthosemadeoutofiron,somanypeopleswhodidnothaveironwereconqueredbythosewhodid.ArmorwasrareinwesternEurope'sIronAge,butpeopleusedshieldsandhelmetstokeepsafeinbattles.Inancienttimespeopleweredependentonanimalsandplantsonly.Findingthetopicsentence

Topicsentencesummarizesthemainideaofaparagraphorpassage,thusfindingitiscrucialingettingthegistofthepassage.Thetopicsentencemaybethebeginningofthepassage,orattheendofthepassage.Sometimesitmayalsoappearinthemiddle.Pre-listeningdiscussion:ListeningStrategy:"Andthatbringsmetosaywhatisprimitiveaboutit,namely,itisanythingthathastobedone,andthereareobviouslycertainbasicneedsoflife,is'DIY'astheysay:Doityourself.Thereisnolabortobehadnowadaysinsucharemotepart.Er,therearenoneighborsformostoftheyearandsoyouareonyourownentirely.Theplaceitselfisextremelyprimitive.Er,Imentionedthewater.Imentionedthatwenowhavegotelectricity.Er,thebuildingitself-it'simportanttokeepitcleanandit'sstupidtotry.Wetrytokeepittidy,andreasonablyclean.Itisverydifficulttokeepitwarm,warmenoughparticularlyinwinterandthatwedobyanoldkitchenrangewithcoalandwood."Part1DialogueAHealthyLife

Focus:RecognizingfactsMakinginferencesVocabulary[k??lest?r?:l]Cholesterol

isasubstancethatexistsinthefat,tissues,andbloodofallanimals.Toomuchcholesterolinaperson'sbloodcancauseheartdisease.

wax-like/Wax

isasolid,slightlyshinysubstancemadeoffatoroilwhichisusedtomakecandlesandpolish.Itmeltswhenitisheated.

liver

isalargeorganinyourbodywhichprocessesyourbloodandhelpstocleanunwantedsubstancesoutofit.

Arteries

arethetubesinyourbodythatcarrybloodfromyourhearttotherestofyourbody.

靜脈veinIfsomeonehasaheartattack,theirheartbeginstobeatveryirregularlyorstopscompletely.

Ifsomeonehasastroke,abloodvesselintheirbrainburstsorbecomesblocked,whichmaykillthemormakethemunabletomoveonesideoftheirbodyAhormone['h?rmon]isachemical,usuallyoccurringnaturallyinyourbody,thatmakesanorganofyourbodydosomething.

cellmembranes

[醫(yī)]細(xì)胞膜pasta

[‘pɑst?]

團(tuán)(用以制意大利通心粉,細(xì)面條等)gentlejogging

慢跑/briskwalking

快走sustained:continueitormaintainitforaperiodoftimesquash:agameplayedinanenclosedcourtbytwoorfourplayerswhostriketheballwithlong-handledrackets

軟式墻網(wǎng)球(運(yùn)動(dòng))

B.ExerciseFormsofexercisewarnedagainstAnumberofinjuriesaredueto______________movementsthatgameslike_________involve.FormsofexerciserecommendedGentle________________________________...exercisethatis______________.ThingstoberememberedExerciseshouldbe________,thatis,doneforatleast____________uninterruptedlyatleast_________aweek.sudden,twistingsquashjogging,swimming,cycling,briskwalkingrhythmicandgentlesustainedfifteenminutesthreetimesPart2PassageAgingofAmericaFocus:DictationskillsRecognizingfactsGaininganideaofAmericanSocialSecuritySystem4.Onefoundthatin1991themedianhouseholdheadedby65-69-year-oldhadfinancialassetsofonly$14,000,butexpandingthemeasuretoincludeSocialSecurity,pensions,housing,andotherwealthboostsmedianwealthtoabout$270,000.5.OnlyoneortwogenerationsofAmericanshavehadlengthyretirements,andthecrucialretirementissueskeepchangingrapidly,makinglong-termpredictionsevenharder.Ex.C:DetailedListeningIntheU.S.,increaseinthebirthratebetween1946and1964;also,thegenerationbornintheU.S.duringthatperiod.ThehardshipsanduncertaintiesoftheGreatDepression

andWorldWarIIledmanyunmarriedcouplestodelaymarriageandmanymarriedcouplestodelayhavingchildren.Thewar'send,followedbyasustainedperiodofeconomicprosperity(the1950sandearly1960s),wasaccompaniedbyasurgeinpopulation.BabyboomMedicare:MedicareisanationalhealthinsuranceprogramcreatedandadministeredbythefederalgovernmentintheUnitedStatestoaddressthemedicalneedsofolderAmericancitizens.MedicareisavailabletoU.S.citizens65yearsofageandolderandsomepeoplewithdisabilitiesunderage65.ruleofthumb:aruleorprinciplethatprovidesguidancetoappropriatebehavior經(jīng)驗(yàn)法則(靠經(jīng)驗(yàn)估計(jì))impending:

abouttohappenThedangerisimpendingoverus.

bleak:offeringlittleornohopeThefutureofthisfirmwillbeverybleakindeedifwekeeplosingmoney.

assets:TheassetsofacompanyorapersonareallthethingsthattheyownAdynamicprocessisonethatconstantlychangesandprogresses.Dynamicsareforceswhichproducepowerormovement.Dynamicsisthescientificstudyofmotion,energy,andforcesPre-listeningquestionDoyouknowanythingabouttheretirementsysteminChina?agingpopulation/400millionby2040pensionsystem/socialsecurityplannedeconomy/marketeconomyabasicpensionwithpersonalsavingsaccountsareforminpensionsystemiscalledforPart3AreBabyBoomersmakingadequatepreparationsfortheirretirement?Retiredhouseholdscanmaintaintheirpre-retirementstandardoflivingwithlessincome.--havemoreleisuretime--fewerhouseholdmembers--lowerexpenses--lowertaxes(escapepayrolltax&incomeisprogressive)

--mortgagehasbeenpaidoffButtheymayfacehigherandmoreuncertainmedicalexpenses.Part4.IssuesaboutBabyBoomers’needtobeaddress.

1st—makingsurethattheymaintain90%oftheirlivingstandards2nd—howtomeasurehowwelltheyarepreparingforretirement.3rd—whichbabyboomersarenotprovidedadequatelyforretirementandhowbigthegapisbetweenwhattheyhaveandwhattheyshouldhave.

Part5.Theuncertainprospectsforthebabyboomersinretirementaretroubling

littleunderstandingaboutthedynamicsofretirementlong-termpredictionsharderListentothepassageandchoosethebestanswers.

1.D…forfivedecades2.Dateachstateoftheirlives3.BNowthattheleadingedgeofthegenerationhasturned50.4.B…fellfrom35%in1959to11%in19955.C….Aruleofthumboftenusedbyfinancialplannersisthatretireesshouldbeabletomeetthisgoalbyreplacing60-80%ofpre-retirementincome.6.C…becausetheyhavemoreleisuretime,fewerhouseholdmembers,andlowerexpenses.7.AFromapublicpolicyperspective,assuringthatretireesmaintain100%ofpre-retirementlivingstandardsmaybeoverlyambitious.Butshouldpolicymakersaimtoensurethattheymaintain90%oftheirlivingstandards?Orthattheystayoutofpoverty?Orusesomeothercriterion?Retirementplanningtakestime,andthetheseissuesneedtobeaddressedsoonerratherthanlater.8.C…thecrucialretirementissues—healthcare,assetmarkets,SocialSecurity,lifespan—keepchangingrapidly,makinglong-termpredictionsevenharder.

ExerciseDAfter-listeningDiscussion1.HowhavetheboomersalteredtheeconomicpatternsintheUnitedStates?Theboomershavealteredeconomicpatternsfromjammingthenation’sschoolsinthe1950sand1960s,tocrowdinglabormarketsandhousingmarketsinthe1970sand1980s,toaffectingconsumptionpatternsalmostcontinuously.SectionThreeNewsFocus:

MedicineRecognizingfactsSummaryNewsItem1conception懷孕;受孕prenataladj.產(chǎn)前的,出生前的maternaladj.（似）母親的rodentn.嚙齒類動(dòng)物hyperactive（尤指兒童）活躍得反常的,多動(dòng)的obese（指人）過(guò)度肥胖的diabetesn.糖尿病low-protein低蛋白的offspringn.子孫，后代；(動(dòng)物的)崽deficiency

缺乏;缺少Ex.A:ListenandcompletethesummaryThisnewsitemisabout

theimpactofmother’sdietonbabyevenbeforepregnancy.1.T2.F3.F4.T5.F6.T7.T8.FEx.B.ListenagainanddecideTrueorFalse.Youarewhatyoueat,thesayinggoes.Andnowitappearsyouarealsowhatourmotherate.Researchersarelearningmoreabouthowapregnantmother’sdietcanaffectherchild’shealthlongafterthechildisborn.Thelatestresearchshowsthatsomeofthoseeffectscanbeginwithindaysofconception.Womenareencouragedtostarttakingprenatalvitaminsandwatchingwhattheyeatassoonastheylearntheyarepregnant,tohelpensureahealthybaby.Butitappearsthatmaternalhealthbeforepregnancyalsohasanimpact.ProfessorTomFlemingandhiscolleaguesfedmiceandratsalow-proteindietforthree-and–a-halfdaysaftertheanimalshadmated.Flemingcomparedtheiroffspringtothebabiesofanimalsfedanormal,high-proteindietforthosethree-and-a-halfdays.Theyoungrodentsfromthelow-proteingrouphadhigherbloodpressureandweremorehyperactivethanthecontrolgroup.AnotherstudyfoundthatanimalswithvitaminBdeficienciesintheveryearlydaysofpregnancyalsohadoffspringwithhigherbloodpressure.Theseyounganimalstendedtobeobeseandwereatriskfordiabetes.SoFlemingsaysit'sbesttoeatrightifyou'reeventhinkingaboutgettingpregnant.NewsItem2UNVaccineSub-SaharanAfricaTheregionsouthoftheSaharaDesert.isgenerallysubdividedintotheregionsofWestAfrica,EastAfrica,CentralAfricaandSouthernAfrica.(撒哈拉沙漠以南的非洲):vaccine

[v?k?si:n]

Avaccineisasubstancecontainingaharmlessformofthegermsthatcauseaparticulardisease.Itisgiventopeople,usuallybyinjection,topreventthemgettingthatdisease.

n.疫苗Ifapersonoranimalisvaccinated,theyaregivenavaccine,usuallybyinjection,topreventthemfromgettingadisease.[??mjoon]Ifyouareimmunetoaparticulardisease,youcannotbeaffectedbyit.Ifpeopleoranimalsareimmunized,theyaremadeimmunetoaparticulardisease,oftenbybeinggivenaninjectionMeasles,mumpsandwhoopingcougharespreadingagainbecausechildrenarenotbeingvaccinated.因?yàn)楹⒆觽儧](méi)接種疫苗，麻疹、腮腺炎和百日咳又蔓延開來(lái)。tuberculosis[tu:?b?:rkj??lo?s?s]TBisachronicrespiratoryinfectiousdiseasecausedbythepathogenAfycobacteriumtuberculosis(MTB).是由結(jié)核分枝桿菌(MTB)引起的以呼吸道傳播為主的慢性傳染病.measles 麻疹

tetanus

破傷風(fēng)

whoopingcough百日咳UNICEF(UnitedNationsInternationalChildren'sEmergencyFund)

UNCFUnitedNationsChildren'sFundThisnewsitemisabouttheshortageofvaccinesindevelopingcountriesEx.A:ListentothenewsandcompletethesummaryVaccinesarenot

tochildreninmany

,just

ofchildreninsub-SaharanAfricaare

intheirfirstyearoflifeagainstdiseases.Insomedevelopingcountries

than

child