1、論?白象似的群山?中海明威獨特的寫作風格abstratbeingdistinguishedfranygreataerianriters,heingayisfausfrhisuniqueritingstyle.hehangesthetraditinalliteraryrksfrtediusstyleintakindfnise“telegraphstyle.asaatterffat,hisshrtstry-hillslikehiteelephantsfullyrefletshisuniqueandlassiritingstyle.thestryseessiple,butatuallyartful.

2、heingayapturestheesseneftheplaindialguefusuallife,sareaderaybeunderanillusinthatheaspresentatthesitefthestry.andheaddssentientintniselanguage.inhillslikehiteelephants,theperfetsyblisabut“hiteelephantandtheharateristiendingnstrutedbyheingayfurthergivesprinenethisabilityinlanguage.espeially,hisfausieb

3、ergtheryiseplyedperfetlyinthisstry.heingayreatesauniqueritingstylethatbringsagreatinfluenetaerianletters,eventeurpeandallvertherld.keyrdsdialgue;niseness;syblis;ritingstyle;iebergthery摘要在眾多偉大的美國作家中，海明威以其獨特的寫作風格而著稱。他改變了傳統文學作品冗長、沉悶的風格，創造了一種簡潔的電報式文體。而他的短篇小說?白象似的群山?完全表達了他的這種獨特而經典的寫作風格。小說雖看似簡單，卻極富藝術性。他抓住

4、了人們日常對話構造的精華，給讀者創造了一種身臨其境的感覺。而其簡潔的文字后面也蘊藏了豐富的情感。小說中關于白象的完美象征以及海明威式的經典結尾，突出了海明威在語言方面的才能。尤其是他的著名的冰山原那么，在此小說中發揮到了極致。海明威創造了一種獨特的寫作風格,而他的這種風格對美國,以致于歐洲,乃至整個世界文壇都產生了重要影響。關鍵詞對話；簡潔；象征；寫作風格；冰山原那么intrdutinheingay,hisveryfausfrhisreatinfaneanduniqueritingstyle,isnefthestinfluentialritersinaerianliteraryhistrydu

5、ringthe20thentury,sheisundubtedlytbethefusftheresearhersallvertherld.butfralltheresearhesnhi,itiseasytfindthatauthrsarealaysfusingnhisseverallng-nvelsandhistheldanandtheseatshhisuniqueritingstyle.asaatterffat,hisuniqueritingstyleisfullyandexatlyrefletedbyhisshrtstries,hiharedraingrepeplesattentins.s

6、thisessaytakesheingaysshrtstry-hillslikehiteelephantsasthefustgiveabriefintrdutinnhisuniqueritingstyle.hillslikehiteelephantsisnefthestlassishrtstriesfheingay.angalltheentsnit,thenebyilankundera,afauszehriter,issurelyattrativeandprfund.hespeifiallyakesananalysisabutthehiddeneleentsfthestry,thediffer

7、entharatersfthetandsn,espeiallytherealdialguestruturehihissiple,learandbeautifulinhisinds,ntrastingiththedraadialguestruture.andinresearhesnheingay,editedbydnghengxun,theenglishritih.batesinhisrksainlyreferstheingaysniseritingstyle.buttsuup,stftheresearhesnheingaysuniqueritingstylearesysteatiandther

8、etial.andtheanalysisabuthillslikehiteelephantsalthughareprfund,butntall-rund.ardingly,thisessayisbasednthepurpsethatfullyshsalltheheingaysuniqueritingstyleinhillslikehiteelephantsandtdeepenthereadersunderstandingnheingaysuniqueritingstyleandhisshrtstries.abriefintrdutinttheauthrandthestrydatingbakta

9、erianliteraryhistry,heingayisnsideredasnefthestelebratedandinfluentialritersinthe20thentury.beingdistinguishedfrtherfausaerianriters,heingay,hasaardedthenbelprizein1954frhisasteryftheartfdernnarratin,helpstaplisharefratinintheliteraryirles.asagreatlanguageasterhhadntributedagreatdealttheaerianlitera

10、ture,heingayhadalegendarylifeexperiene:heaeintbeingajurnalistfrthekansasitystaraftershlandthenbeingasldierinthefirstrldar,hihprvidedhiithaseriusphysialund.atually,healstkpartinthesendrldarandthespanishivilar,againundedphysiallyandspiritually.thatishyhisrksareusuallyrelatedtthesubjetfar.andthenheentt

11、parishereheetsefausritershhelpedhialtinhisriting.ithsuhrihpersnalexperiene,heingayrteutanyexellentrkshihfullyrefletedhisuniqueritingstyleandhisuniqueritingstylegraduallyaeintbeing.gabrielgariaarquez,afauslbianriter,hhadeversaidthatheasgreatlyaffetedbyheingay,heldthatheingaybuildsupareputatinfrhiself

12、justfrhisshrtstries.asaatterffat,ntrastingithheingayslngfitins,suhasthesunalsrises(1926),afareelltars(1929),frhthebelltlls(1940)andhistheldanandthesea(1952)hihareell-knntday,hisshrtstriesarentveryfailiartreadersashisfitinsentinedabve.hever,itdesnteanthathisshrtstriesarelessartfulthanhislngfitins.the

13、yarealshighlyestiated.andangallfheingaysshrtstries,hillslikehiteelephantsisundubtedlytbealassine,hihasquiterthreadingandnefthesttypialshrtstriesinthe20thentury.aseallkn,hillslikehiteelephantsasrittenin1927andasaniprtantpieeinheingayssendlletinfshrtstries-enithuten.itisasiplebutartfulstryandthententf

14、itjustanbendensedtnesentenethatanaerianantriestpersuadeagirlthaveanperatinhentheyareaitingfrthetrainatastatin.thehlestrynsistsfthesipleandusualdialguesfthetfigures,andthefusfthearejustrusedbyaetaphrthat“thehillslikehiteelephants,adebythegirl.butbviusly,theandesntpayhisattentintsuhfus,frheisfullyupie

15、dinpersuadingthegirlthavetheperatin.bviusly,tensenversatinensuesbeteentheanandthegirl,andthestryendsithutanylearreslutin,leavingthereadertfindthepssibleutes.ingeneral,thatisthefeaturefheingaysritingstyle.frthehillslikehiteelephants,anyentshadbeenadeupnit,butthenefrilankundera,afauszehriter,isundubte

16、dlyprfundandperfet.inilankunderaslestestaentstrahis,hespendsanyrdsttalkabutthehillslikehiteelephants,espeiallyakeastrikingntrastbeteentheplaindialguestruturefheingayandthedialguestrutureinthedraatgiveprinenetthesipliity,thelarity,theluidity,thebeautyandtheeldyfheingaysplaindialgue.andhisexplanatinft

17、hefiguresharatersandthehiddenstryispenetrating.furse,thedialguestrutureephasizedbykunderaisjustneaspetfheingaysuniqueritingstyle,butthetherstylesarententined.apartfrilankundera,thereareanytherritisthatgivedifferentnarrativesfthehillslikehiteelephantsfrnerrethanneaspetsfheingaysritingstyle,therelatin

18、shipbeteenthealeandfealebasingnthefealesvies,et.hever,iftakingtheritingstyleinhillslikehiteelephantsasthefus,theentsnitarentall-rund.sthisessayaisatintrduingtheheingaysritingstyleinhishillslikehiteelephantsprehensively,inludinghisplaindialgue,niselanguage,perfetsyblis,harateristiendingandthedelibera

19、tehidinghihisthes-alled“iebergthery.itisjustsuhuniquestylethatakesheingayinahighreputatinintheliteraryirlesthathasaplishedarefratinnthetraditinalliterature.butbefreexpundingtheviesntheuniqueritingstylefheingay,itisabslutelyneessaryttalkabuthisdevelpenttaneritingstylesastletthereaderdeeplyunderstandt

20、heuniquenessfhisritingstyle.heingaysdevelpenttaneritingstylea.theritingstylefderneurpeanliteratureduring19thenturythe19thenturyistheenturyfgreatesthangeintheeurpeanliteraryirlesinthatthisistheperidhenanellquialritingstyleasbrnhihasreatedbyarktain,hseusefvernaularspeehrevlutinizedhelanguagefaerianfit

21、in.butbviusly,itisnlyernestheingaythatinheritedanddevelpedhisllquialstyle.asilankunderasaid,intheearly19thenturythenvelserearefullystruturedithaseriesfsenesbystt,balza(ilankundera134).inhispinin,theirnvelserefullfspeifidesriptin,senes,dialguesandpltshihareusuallyseeninthedraa.lkingbakttheeurpeanlite

22、raryhistryinthe19thentury,afatisevidenttreadersthatthenvelsfalltheriters,exeptingarktain,erefullflngandplexsentenes,bldedadjetivesandadverbs,et.infat,thenehhadreadthenvelsfbalzarhenryjaes,heretherepresentativeritersfthatentury,illgetthefatthatbalzatendstprtraytheuteratualityandtheiagefthefiguresaref

23、ullyandhenryjaeslikestshhisabilityinsuperpsingthedifiers.theirdesriptinsareundubtedlyspeifiandelabrate,buttseextent,tediusandbring.thenvelsinthe19thenturyareinlinedtdesribingspeifiallyanddeeplyithrihelabratedetailsabuttheutsiderbjetiveenvirnent.itseesthatifanvellaksfanyftheeleentsentinedabve,ituldnt

24、bensideredasasuessfulne.therefre,afternarratingahlestry,anvelithhundredsfthusandsfrdsevenillinsfrdsisbrn.infat,suhritingstyleisveryppularintheliteraryirlesatthattiehenreadingnvelstbeertainlyagdethdtausepeple.butithtiegesn,literaturealsneedsnebldtfillintkeepupiththedevelpentfthesietyandteettheneedsfp

25、eple,haregraduallybusyinpursuingealthandhavenenughtieandspirittspendinreadingthetlngandtdiffiultnvels.ithsuhtieing,thestylefnisenessisaskedfrteettheneedsfneties.itisjustheingaythathashangedthetraditinaltediusritingstyleintatypefnenisestyle,purifyingtheliterarylanguage.b.thefratinfheingaysneandunique

26、ritingstyleheingaysstyleisharaterizedbyshrtandsiplereal-lifedialgues,niselanguageithveryfeadjetivesandadverbs,deliberateissinandsn,insteadfthetediusstylefthe19thentury.angsanyriters,heingaybeesthenlynepersnhhassuessfullydevelpedaneritingstyleinderneurpeanliterature;thereareseveralreasnsfrit.firstfal

27、l,asentinedbefre,in1917,heingayrkedasajurnalistfrthekansasitystar,hihisnefthebestnespapersinaerianatthattie.thisnespaperasksfrusingshrtsentenes,vividandativelanguageandreprtingdiretly,sheingaylearnedthatritingstyleshuldbetrainedaslife.furse,thisexperienebenefitsthefratinfhiss-alled“telegraphstylegre

28、atly.sendly,beingundertheillusinthatthearisfineandattrative,heingaybeganhisexperieneasasldierinthefirstrldar,evenlaterintherars,butinthebattlefields,heasseriuslyhit.bldyarshattershisdrea;eanhile,itprvideshintjustaundedbdyandahurtheart,buttherihsuresfriting.s,frhatheusuallyexpressesinhisrks,heasvieed

29、astherepresentativefthe“lstgeneratin.therefre,asaspkesanfthe“lstgeneratin,heingayhasalreadyhadakindfuniquestylefhisn.and,heingayssuessisrelatedtthehelpsfrtherfausriters.suhas,ezrapund,gertrudestein,fitzgeraldandsn,hgiveuhindiatinsandguidanenhisriting.furtherre,heabsrbedthellquiallanguagefarktain.bea

30、usefalltheeleents,thefeaturefheingaysritingstyleisgraduallyappearing.itisheingaythathangesthetraditinalderneurpeanliterarystyleftediusnessintaritingstylefsipliity.inhisthehillslikehiteelephantshisuniqueritingstyleisabslutelyrefleted.theinfluenefheingaysritingstylentedfrhisuniqueritingstyleanddevtint

31、theliterature,heingayhasexertednsiderableinfluenenthelaternvelists.theriter,uxiadng,reknshiasariterhdeeplyaffetedtherriters.hisniselanguage,shrtandsiplesentenespurifytheaerianliterature,andhisllquialstyleisveryppularineurpeanandaerianliteraryirlessinethelate20thentury.jhnhara,hadeaerialspeehfrheinga

32、yntheneyrktiesfjuly3,1961,heldthatinhistrynneelseandiretlyaffetedsanyriters,espeiallytheyungriters(dnghengxun383).heingayisnsideredasanauthrhdeeplyaffetstheritingstylefbththelngnvelsandtheshrtstriesfaerian.nthattheinfluenefheingaysritingstylehihbringsabigreputatinthiissgreat,itisquiterthdisussingitf

33、rhisrks-hillslikehiteelephants.disussinntheritingstyleinhillslikehiteelephantsa.real-lifedialgueilankunderapaysaplienttheingayinhislestestaentstrahisthatheingayapturestherealdialguestruture.assuredly,beingdifferentfrsuhritershstruturetheirrksinabslutelyliterarylanguage,heingayreatesakindfreal-lifedi

34、alguestyle,thebviusfeaturefhihisthatitgesnfaetfaeithutnarratingbythethirdparty.atually,thedialgueinhillslikehiteelephantsisjustafragentfthedialgueinatuallifesthatthefirstipressinthereadergetshenhestartsreadingitisthatheerelistening.lkingatthefllingdialguehsenfrit:andifidityullbehappyandthingsillbeli

35、ketheyereandyulllvee?ilveyun.yuknilveyu.ikn.butifidit,thenitillbenieagainifisaythingsarelikehiteelephants,andyulllikeit?illlveit.ilveitnbutijustantthinkabutit.yuknhigethenirry.ifidityunteverrry?intrryabutthatbeauseitsperfetlysiple.thenilldit.beauseidntareabute.hatdyuean?idntareabute.ell,iareabutyu.h

36、,yes.butidntareabute.andillditandtheneverythingillbefine.idntantyutditifyufeelthatay.(qtd.inlngazhng,yanjinglanandanghui386)ittingallthedesriptinnthespeakingtne,faialexpressinandatins,thedialgueiththefrfnlyansersbeteenthetfiguresestthereaderasifheerelistening.thatistheessenefthereal-lifedialguehihis

37、differentfrthedialgueinabslutelyliterarylanguagethatfusesattentinntheatinandexpressinespeially.frexaple,inhenryjaessdaisyiller,herites:“ishuldthinkitightbearranged,saidinterburne.“uldntyugetsenetstayfrtheafternnithrandlph?issillerlkedathiaent,andthenveryplaidly,“iishyuuldstayithhi!erburne

38、hesitatedaent.“ishulduhrathergthillnithyu.“ithe?askedtheyunggirliththesaeplaidity.(qtd.inlngazhng,yanjinglanandanghui329)bviusly,beausethethirdparty,naely,theauthrjinsinthedialgue,narratingarefullyabuttheatins,innerindsandfaialexpressinsfthefiguressubstitutebeingexplredbythereaderhiself.thisdialguei

39、sntasdiretandsuspensiveasthereal-lifedialgueinhillslikehiteelephants,anditlsesitshartgivethefeelingtthereaderthatheaslistening.keepingtheharfthereal-lifestyle,thedialgueinthehillslikehiteelephantsisarbitraryandunertain.asaatterffat,thedialgueinabslutelyliterarylanguageustbearrangedithbviuspurpse,bas

40、ednthententsandthepltfthestry.butinareal-lifedialgue,itisunknnthathatillbetalkedabutandhatillhappennext,andthefushangesarbitrarilyandaybeinterruptedatanytie.inard,thepressfthereal-lifedialgueisfullfunertainties.siilarly,inhillslikehiteelephants,thefusfthedialgueasuallybeginsithanusualtrifleabutdrink

41、ing,butitissnhangesarbitrarilytthehills,thebeadurtain,thedrinks,theperatinandsn,andithangesrstpsithutanyadvanedinfratin.therefre,thereisndubtthatheingayapturesthehighlightfthereal-lifedialgue,buthisdialgueisneverassipleasitseestbe.infat,theethdfpsingthedetailshihheingaytakesinthisdialguefullyshshisg

42、reatabilityinlanguage.frtheabvedialguehsenfrthehillslikehiteelephants,therepeatethd,hihanbviuslyshthehangeftheinnerindsandtheharaterfthefigures,isusuallyadpted.bviusly,thedisappintentfthegirlbeesdeeperanddeeperhensherepeatedlyasksquestinsttheanith“ifid-.atthesaetie,shegraduallyakesprisesttheaniththe

43、resultthatshefinallysaysut“illdit.,hispressfusingtheethdfrepeating,thegirlisnfiringtheanstruelvether,butshefailsanddrpsintthepitfdisappintentandagny.frthean,hisaifrepeatedlyephasizing“ilveyu.,“illlveit,istveilhishyprisyandheat.therdsareuselessandridiulusnnetingithhisatinth

44、attryingtletthegirlthavetheabrtinperatin.theandiedrdsanntnealhisriginalintentinandhistreaherusandfraudulentnature.althughtherearentanyrdstdesribehatkindfpersntheanis,hisharaterisbviustthereader.heingayisadeptinapturingandexplringthedialguestrutureintheatuallife,hihasrdinaryandsiplefrthefirstipressin

45、,butatuallyintelligible,artfulanddeliberate.thatstheuniquenessfhisdialgue.b.niselanguageheingayisfausfrhisntributinttheliteraryirlesthatpurifyingthetediusritingstyleithniselanguage.thebritishritih.batesadeaentnhiinhisheingaysliterarystylethatheingayutsffallthetediusandunneessaryrds,ittingtheexplanat

46、in,disussin,andeventhearguent.ntrastingithhenryjaes,ariterentinedbefre,thefeaturefheingaysniselanguageisbasedupnhissiplerds,shrtsentenesandfeadjetivesradverbs.henryjaesisalaysnsideredastherepresentativeintheliteraryirlesfthelate19thentury,hlikeststruturehisrksithpliatedsentenesandbldeddifiers.frexap

47、le,inhistheabassadrs,herites:heninaquarterfanhur,heaedn,hathishstesssa,hatsheighthavetakeninithavisinkindlyadjusted,asthelean,slightlylsefigurefaanftheiddleheightandsethingre,perhaps,thantheiddleage-aanffive-and-fifty,hsestiediatesignsereaarkedbldlessbrnnessffae,athik,darkustahe,fharateristiallyaeri

48、anut,gringstrngandfallingl,aheadfhairstillabundant,butabundantlystreakedithgrey,andansefbld,freeprinene,theevenline,thehighfinish,asitighthavebeenalled,fhih,hadareatineffetfitigatin.(qtd.inliyixieandhangyaxin430)thefirstipressinfthissentenenthereaderisthatitisverylngandthestruturefitispliatedithanyl

49、auses,phrases,adjetivesandadverbshihanakethereaderfeeldizzy.suhasenteneisbldedithadjetivesandadverbs,suhas,lean,lse,iediate,thik,dark,grey,bldfree,kindly,slightly,harateristiallyandsn.tseextent,suhlanguagestyleshstheauthrsabilityinasteringthelanguage,butnatterhbeautifultherdsare,theyaytakebringstthe

50、reader.nndersenesaysthatthefldedadjetivesisabigdisasterinenglishliterature,hihisausedbytheritersinthelate19thentury,ithhenryjaesastheirrepresentative.nthentrary,itisjustheingaythatbringsafreshindfnisenessttheaerianliteraryirles,gettingridfthestyleftediusnessandpliatin.afterfinishingreadingheingayshi

51、llslikehiteelephants,sefatsarebviustthereaderthatheingayabsrbsthellquiallanguagefarktainfrhisrdsareverysipleandllquial;thehlestrynsistsfshrtsentenes;andthereisntuhdifiatryrdstdesribethefaialexpressin,innerindsandeventheatinsfthefigures.hatheingayshstthereaderisanabslutekindfsipliity,hihispletelydiff

52、erentfrthetediusnessfhenryjaes.althughthelanguageisfullfsipliity,isundubtedlyntntne.keepingpaeiththetepfthestry,thetneandthehangingfeelingsfthefiguresarelear.justingttheniselanguage,heingaysstyleasendediththetitle“telegraphstyle.perfetsyblisheingaysfausritingstyleisfullyebdiedinthehillslikehiteeleph

53、ants.apartfrhisreal-lifedialgueandniselanguage,theperfetsyblisanbealsfund.e.hallydayhldsthatheingayusessesyblisinhisrksinaveryliitedandntrlledethd,sheanntbensideredstritlyasariterthatbelngstthesyblis,likeallenpe,nathanielhathrneandsn.hever,hestillhighlyestiatesandspeifiallyanalysesheingayssyblisinhi

54、sent.infat,thesyblisntainedinheingaysrksisattrative.assenesaysabuttheldanandtheseathatthenvelstandsfrtheritersirustanes:theldanistheriterhiself,thebigfishishisrks,andthesharkistheriti,franyrksritiizedbytheritisuldbebad.neakessuhnlusiningtnefatthatheingayhatestheritis.likeise,inhillslikehiteelephants

55、,thereisaniprtantetaphrthat“they(thehills)lklikehiteelephants.here,“hiteelephantsisentinedseveralties,ifserelativeessagesabutitarefundut,thesybliseaningfitillbelear.hydestheriteruse“hiteelephantstdesribethehills?hatdes“hiteelephantsstandsfr?afterfinishingthehlestryandunderstandingit,rfindingtherrela

56、tiveiprtantinfratin,theanserillbebvius.aseknthattheter“hiteelephantsisderivedfrthailandhereahiteelephantisgiventunfavredpeplebytheruler.beausetheelephantissaredandntperittedtrk,itisaburdentthenerasituldeatupallthenersneyuntilhebeesdestitute.andinanientindia,the“hiteelephantstandsfrsethingrare,nblean

57、dvenerated.eveninhina,espeiallyfrthedainatinality,“hiteelephantstandsfrhappinessandbeauty.learningabuttheriginaleaningf“hiteelephants,theperfetnessfheingayssyblisappears.afterreadingthehlestry,itisbviustthereaderthattheperatinthatthegirlisaskedthaveisanabrtinne,sitissurethatthe“hiteelephantstandsfrt

58、hebaby,hihisabeautifulthingtthegirlhislngingfritanddesntanttlseit,butaburdenseanduselessthingfrtheanhdesntanttkeepit.thisetaphrisundubtedlyperfetfritsnnetiniththedifferentfeelingsfthetfigurestardsthebaby.sendly,the“hiteelephantsalsstandsfrthepregnantsattypefthegirl.lkatthesentenes:“thegirlaslkingffa

59、tthelinefhills.theyerehiteinthesunandtheuntryasbrnanddry.(qtd.inlngazhng,yanjinglanandanghui384)intheliterature,thisisappularritingethdthatbydesribingthesurrundingstshthefeelings.bviusly,thereisantraryftdifferentinnerindsandnnetingiththetkindsffeelingsfthegirl,thehillsaystandfrthegirlspregnantsattyp

60、e,sshedesribesthehillsinagddandundubtedlysheishestkeepthebaby.byntrast,thebrnanddryuntrystandsfrhersattypeafterabrtin,stheuntryisuglyinherindsandshedesribesitinadisappintedd.rever,inthisnvel,itanbealssaidthat“hiteelephantalsstandsfrthelvebeteenthetpersns.atually,assaidbefre,hiteelephanteansgdthingsi