1、 PAGE PAGE 12東北師范大學2004 年英語專業(yè)研究生入學考試英語專業(yè)基礎(chǔ)試題Part One: Linguistics: (40)Fill in the blanks with proper words: (10)Language is bothsocialandfrom a sociologicalperspective.Chomsky holds that language is an infinite set of sentence constructed out ofa set of grammatical rules.Therepresentations of life

2、and livesare andlaivz.The sound g can be described asavoicedstop.The relation between elements that substitute for each other based on similarity istermed relation.In generative-transformational grammar, rules like NP Det N, NP Adj N, and NP Det Adj Naretermedrules.Ais a form to which both inflectio

3、nal and derivational morphemes can beadded. plays a crucial role in the organization of a message into a unifiedtext.The clause Mary is clever is an exampleofprocesses in the transitivity systemof language in accordance with systemic-functionalgrammar.Therelation refers to the semantic relation betw

4、een linguistic elementswithin languagesystem.Define the following terms, using examples: (10)design featurecomplementarydistributionsynonymyclippingAnswer the following questions: (10)If we take it as rule that language is intimately related to culture, then how do the kinship words,suchasuncle anda

5、unt,reflecttheculturaldifferencesbetweenEnglishandChinese?How does the passive sentence relate to the active sentence from a point of viewof systemic-functionalgrammar?Understand language in use: (10)In language use people communicate to each other in accordance with conversationalmaxims. Use an exa

6、mple to illustrate how the maxim of Relation isviolated.Explain with examples how people can achieve linguistic politeness in socialinteractionPart Two: English Literature (50)American Literature: (25)Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false: (10)Ken Keseys works, describing

7、psychic outlaws, are considered an important componentof contemporary counter-cultureliterature.The period between late 1950s and the whole of 1960s witnessed the rise of severaldifferent poetic groups which broke away from the tradition of Whitman, Stevens, Pound and soon.Expressionistic devices ch

8、aracterized the best works of ONeill, Rice as well asTennessee Williams.Leroi Jones poetry exhibited a tension between concern with social problems and devotionto art andcraftsmanship.Frederick Douglass, by refuting the propaganda that the blacks were happy in theSouth, became a leading figure in th

9、e abolitionistmovement.Willa Cather in her works demonstrated a nostalgia for the simple old ways and adeep-seated abhorrence for the modernpresent.OneofMarkTwainssignificantcontributionstoAmericanliteratureisthatheemployed colloquial speech in novelwriting.Poe was father of many things, one of whic

10、h is psychoanalytic criticism, the other beingthe detectivestory.Whitmanseemstokeephiseyeonsocietyatlarge,whileDickensonexplorestheinnerlifeof the individual; therefore, Dickinson was not an American national poet intheme.The way in whichHawthonewroteThe Scarlet the strong influence of American Puri

11、tan moralism on AmericanRomanticism.Answer the following questions briefly in your own words:(10)What are the major features of New EnglandTranscendentalism?Both Hemingway and Fitzgerald are considered important writers in 1920s. How didthey portray their times, differently orsimilarly?Explain the n

12、umbered parts in your own words: (5)The Eyes around had wrung them dry (1) And Breaths were gathering firmFor that last Onset (2) when the King Be witnessed in the Room (3) I willed my Keepsakes Signed away What portion of me beAssignable (4) and then it was There interposed a Fly British Literature

13、: (25)Decidewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse:(10)Sir Walter Scott was much admired a Scottishnovelist.Apart from his poetry, Coleridge also did valuable work in prose work. His mostimportant prose is Biographia Literaria.These “Oxford Reformers” helped to spread the light of new scie

14、nce and new world outlook and thus laid the foundation for the rise of a new literature in the later decades ofthe16century. And Thomas More belongs to thegroup.Jane Austins novels are devoid of social criticism in a broadsense.The Solitary Reaper is often identified with a Romanticpoet.In An Essay

15、on Man Johnson illustrates the concept of Great Chain ofBeing.Shakespeare directed his satires at racial discrimination and religiouspersecutioninMerchant of Venice andOthello.Mary Shelly is considered the first writer of science fiction in the history ofliterature.Evelyn Waugh got his reputation as

16、 a Catholicnovelist.The most important novels of the 19th century were written in the mid-Victorianperiods.Answer the following questions briefly in your own words: (10)What are the major features of stream of consciousness as used in Virginia Woolfsnovels?Both Dickens and Thackeray are considered i

17、mportant realistic novelists inthe19th State their similarities and differences in theirwriting.Explain the numbered parts in your own words: (5)At length, in 1812, Mr. William made his debut (1) on the state of Ratcliffe Highway, and executed those unparalleled murders which have procured (2) for h

18、im such a brilliant and undying reputation. On which murders, by the way, I must observe that in one respect they have had an ill effect, by making the connoisseur (3) in murder very fastidious (4) in his taste, and dissatisfied by anything that has been since done in that line (5).Part Three: Briti

19、sh-American Societies and Cultures: (25)Completethefollowingstatementsbyfillinginappropriatetermsorideas:(10)The British economy was the first to have been industrialized. Its Industrial Revolutiontook place between. , the second largest city in England, is an industrial and manufacturingcity.Second

20、ary school leavers in Britain will take examinations, eitherattheof General Certificate of Educationortheof theThe first arrivals to England from the continentwerethetribes: Angles, Saxons and.The Church of England, the established church of the English nation, is one of themain denominations of. in

21、 New York, where many famous banks are centered, is the financial centerof America and has become a symbol of the American monopolycapitalism.An outstanding leader of the Civil RightsMovementwas, a BaptistClergyman who emerged when the civil-rights movement grew from a grass-roots movement stated in

22、 1955 in Montgomery,Alabama.The United States todayisthelargest country in size in theworld.There are two major political parties intheU.S.:and.Although New Zealand declared a dominion in 1907 and National sovereignty in 1974,it stillremainsawith Queen Elizabeth II as head of thestate.Explain the fo

23、llowing terms briefly:(9)StampActThe grammarschoolStereotypeAnswer the following question briefly: (6)What is the U.S. Congress composed of and what is its major function?Part Four: Translation: (35)Translate the following Chinese passages into English:(20)端午節(jié)又叫龍舟節(jié)，是中國人的一個重要節(jié)日，起源于紀念民族英雄屈原，他為反抗政府的腐敗投

24、 汨羅江自盡。據(jù)說，節(jié)日里人們紛紛向江里投擲由糯米、肉類或其他食物制作的粽子喂魚，以防它 們吞食屈原的身體。人們還用船槳擊水以嚇跑水里的其它危險動物。今天人們舉辦劃船比賽來慶祝 百船競發(fā)，力爭上游。從1976 年以來，每年的六月份在香港舉行的國際龍舟節(jié)大賽成為最豐富多彩的節(jié)日慶典之一。肯召之即來。首先要看季節(jié)，最好是春節(jié)前后。過了清明，許多原料都走味，例如海蠣已破肚，吃 起來滿嘴腥。第二要有充足的時間配料。由于刀工要求特別細致，所以第三還要有好心情。當然不 必像寫詩那么虔誠，但至少不要失魂落魄到將手指頭切下來。Translate the following English passages into Chinese:(15)Our situation on this earth seems strange. Every one of us appears here, involuntarily and uninvited, for a short stay, without knowing the whys and the wherefores. In our daily lives we only feel