1、中考專項新 突 破中考專項新 突 破專題十被動語態第一章語法知識專項復習專題十被動語態第一章 語態是動詞的一種形式，表示主語和謂語之間的具體關系，分為主動語態和被動語態兩種。當句子的主語是動作的執行者時，謂語的形式用主動語態； 當句子的主語是動作的承受者時，謂語的形式用被動語態。被動語態的基本結構是“be+動詞的過去分詞”。 語態是動詞的一種形式，表示主語和謂語之間的具中考考點解讀 考點廣東省卷近5年中考統計情況201520162017201820191. 一般現在時2. 一般過去時3. 一般將來時4. 含有情態動詞中考考點解讀 廣東省卷近5年中考統計情況2015201620中考考點解讀（1）

2、被動語態的用法：當我們不知道動作的執行者是誰或由于某種原因不必提到動作的執行者時，要用被動語態，但在譯文里，有時要用主動語態才符合漢語的表達習慣。例如：Football is played all over the world. 世界各地都在踢足球。中考考點解讀（1）被動語態的用法：中考考點解讀（1）被動語態的用法：當我們要強調動作的承受者而不是動作的執行者時，要用被動語態。例如：The Great Wall was built long ago. 長城是很久以前建成的。English is spoken as the first language by most people in the

3、USA. 在美國，大多數人都把英語作為第一門語言。中考考點解讀（1）被動語態的用法：中考考點解讀（2）由主動語態變為被動語態的方法：主動句里的賓語變為被動句里的主語。主動語態的謂語動詞變為被動語態的謂語形式，即“be+動詞的過去分詞”。要注意be動詞既保持主動句的時態，又要與被動句的主語在人稱和數上保持一致。中考考點解讀（2）由主動語態變為被動語態的方法：中考考點解讀（2）由主動語態變為被動語態的方法：主動句里的主語變為含有介詞by的賓語，再把整個介詞短語放在謂語動詞之后，有時該短語可以省略。例如：Youmust waterthe flowers.The flowersmust be wate

4、redby you.中考考點解讀（2）由主動語態變為被動語態的方法：Youmus考點初中階段需掌握的幾種被動語態考點初中階段需掌握的幾種被動語態時態結構例子一般現在時am/is/are+doneThe desks are made in China.（肯定句）The desks arent made in China.（否定句，在am/is/are后加not）Are the desks made in China?（一般疑問句，把am/is/are提至句首）時態結構例子一般現在時am/is/are+doneThe d時態結構例子一般過去時was/were+doneThe building wa

5、s built ten years ago.（肯定句）The building wasnt built ten years ago.（否定句，在was/were后加not）Was the building built ten years ago?（一般疑問句，把was/were提至句首）時態結構例子一般過去時was/were+doneThe bu時態結構例子一般將來時will+be+doneA new school library will be built next year.（肯定句）A new school library wont be built next year.（否定句，在wi

6、ll后加not）Will a new school library be built next year?（一般疑問句，把will提至句首）時態結構例子一般將來時will+be+doneA new s時態結構例子一般將來時am/is/are going to+be+doneA new school library is going to be built next year.（肯定句）A new school library isnt going to be built next year.（否定句，在am/is/are后加not）Is a new school library going t

7、o be built next year?（一般疑問句，把am/is/are提至句首）時態結構例子一般將來時am/is/are going to+時態結構例子含有情態動詞情態動詞+be+doneStudents should be allowed to use mobile phones at school.（肯定句）Students shouldnt be allowed to use mobile phones at school.（否定句，在情態動詞后加not）Should students be allowed to use mobile phones at school?（一般疑問句

8、，把情態動詞提至句首）時態結構例子含有情態動詞情態動詞+be+doneStuden考點注意事項考點注意事項1含有“使役”動詞的被動語態在主動句中，感官動詞（see, hear, watch, notice等）以及使役動詞（let, make, have等）后跟省略to的不定式，變為被動句時，應加上to，即sb. be made(seen, heard, watched, noticed) to do sth.。He made me do the work. 他讓我做這項工作。（主動，do前沒有to）I was made to do the work. 我被派去做這項工作。（被動，do前加上不定

9、式符號to）1含有“使役”動詞的被動語態在主動句中，感官動詞（see, 1含有“使役”動詞的被動語態類似：Tom saw Lucy water the flowers last night.Lucy was seen to water the flowers last night.They heard him sing songs in the room last night.He was heard to sing songs in the room last night.注：究竟有沒有to，其實有個竅門：使役動詞或感官動詞前有be，則有to；沒be，則沒to。1含有“使役”動詞的被動語態類

10、似：Tom saw Lucy 2雙賓句的被動語態My mother gives Lily a pen.Lily is given a pen by my mother.A pen is given to Lily by my mother.間接賓語 直接賓語2雙賓句的被動語態My mother gives Lily3感官動詞（look, smell, taste, feel, sound等）用主動結構表示被動。如：The flower smells nice.The cake tastes delicious.The watch looks beautiful.3感官動詞（look, smel

11、l, taste, feel4不及物動詞及部分短語（happen, cost, take place, break out等）沒有被動語態。如：Great changes were taken place in China. ()Great changes took place in China. ()4不及物動詞及部分短語（happen, cost, take中考真題面對面( ) 1. (2019廣東) It is said that one Greater Bay Area university _ in Guangdong in the future. A. will be built

12、B. build C. will build D. is built( ) 2. (2018廣東) Many shops in China _ to shut down as a new law against ivory (象牙) trade came into effect on January lst, 2018. A. ordered B. didnt order C. were ordered D. werent orderedCA中考真題面對面( ) 1. (2019廣東) It中考真題面對面( ) 3. (2017廣東) The waiter told me that free

13、parking _ for the hotel guests. A. provides B. provided C. will be provided D. was provided( ) 4. (2016廣東) He Jiang _ to give a speech at the graduation ceremony at Harvard University last month. A. invites B. invited C. is invited D. was invitedDD中考真題面對面( ) 3. (2017廣東) Th中考真題面對面( ) 5. (2015廣東) Have

14、 you heard of the song Little Apple? Yes. It _ every morning when aged people do square dancing downstairs. A. is played B. plays C. was played D. playedA中考真題面對面( ) 5. (2015廣東) H中考真題面對面( ) 6. (2014廣東) Although Flight MH370 has been missing for months, I do believe it _ some day in the future. A. wil

15、l find B. wont find C. will be found D. wont be found( ) 7. (2013廣東) It _ last week that the haze (霧霾) in Beijing caused many problems. A. reports B. reported C. is reported D. was reportedCD中考真題面對面( ) 6. (2014廣東) Al中考真題面對面( ) 8. (2012廣東) Hot water _ in the students flats from 5 p.m. to 7 p.m. now.

16、A. supplies B. is supplied C. supplied D. was supplied( ) 9. (2011廣東) People who drink wine _ to drive after May Day. A. dont allow B. isnt allowed C. mustnt allow D. mustnt be allowedBD中考真題面對面( ) 8. (2012廣東) Ho中考真題面對面( ) 10. (2010廣東) The 16th Asian Games _ in Guangzhou in November, 2010. A. holds B

17、. will hold C. was holding D. will be held( ) 11. (2009廣東) The new library building _ last week. A. was completed B. is completed C. completed D. has completedDA中考真題面對面( ) 10. (2010廣東) T被動語態在短文填空中的運用被動語態在短文填空中的運用廣東近5年中考短文填空中被動語態考查了1次，考查的是一般過去時的被動語態。根據主語和謂語之間的關系判斷。 （2018廣東省卷73題）Once, Will and his bro

18、ther Harry 73 givena job to rebuild a broken brick (磚) wall in the yard. The wall wasfifty feet wide and around sixteen feet high.廣東近5年中考短文填空中被動語態考查了1次，考查的是一般過根據主語和謂語之間的關系判斷。主語Will and his brother Harry表復數，是謂語動詞give的承受者，用被動語態，由下文was可知，時態是一般過去時，助動詞也用一般過去時(were)。根據主語和謂語之間的關系判斷。主語Will and his 對點專練 Char

19、lie taken to the Army Reserve Center (陸軍預備役中心), where he really dreamed to go. Harry said to Charlie, “Today you will become a member of our team.”（東莞東城一中一模）was對點專練 Charlie 真題匯編真題匯編考點1 一般過去時的被動語態( ) 1. His flight _ because there was something wrong with the plane. So he had to take the high-speed tr

20、ain from Shenzhen to Xiamen. (2019汕頭潮南模擬) A. was cancelled B. cancelled C. is cancelled D. cancelsA考點1 一般過去時的被動語態( ) 1. His 考點1 一般過去時的被動語態( ) 2. This is a book about the Terracotta Army (兵馬俑). It _ by a British scholar(學者) named Edward Burman. (2019粵西地區一模) A. wrote B. will write C. was written D. wi

21、ll be writtenC考點1 一般過去時的被動語態( ) 2. This考點1 一般過去時的被動語態( ) 3. Chinese dance drama “Confucius” _ at Lincoln Center in New York, the United States on January 5, 2017. (2019陽江江城一模) A. will perform B. performed C. will be performed D. was performedD考點1 一般過去時的被動語態( ) 3. Chin考點1 一般過去時的被動語態( ) 4. Its reporte

22、d that 31 of the brave young men _ in a big forest fire in Sichuan. I dont know who they are, but I know who they are for. (2019湖北宜昌) A. were killing B. were killed C. killed D. had killedB考點1 一般過去時的被動語態( ) 4. It考點1 一般過去時的被動語態( ) 5. Gina went to the doctors yesterday and she _ about the importance o

23、f good living habits once more. (2019江西) A. told B. is told C. was told D. has toldC考點1 一般過去時的被動語態( ) 5. Gina考點2 一般現在時的被動語態( ) 6. What a mess! The sharing bikes _ everywhere. Lets collect and put them in the right place. (2019汕頭澄海模擬) A. throw B. threw C. are thrown D. were thrownC考點2 一般現在時的被動語態( ) 6

24、. Wha考點2 一般現在時的被動語態( ) 7. When eating in a restaurant in countries like the US and Canada, you _ to give a tip to a waiter or waitress, which is about 10 to 15 percent of your bill. (2019佛山南海二模改編) A. are expected B. were expected C. will expect D. expectA考點2 一般現在時的被動語態( ) 7. When考點2 一般現在時的被動語態( ) 8.

25、 How much do you know about the “two sessions”? I know it _ every year and it is a great chance for Chinese people to make decisions regarding the country. (2019南海獅山一模) A. is held B. will be held C. holds D. heldA考點2 一般現在時的被動語態( ) 8. How考點2 一般現在時的被動語態( ) 9. Im tired of cleaning the house. Sweeping r

26、obots _ more and more widely today. Why not buy one? (2019湖北孝感) A. are used B. were used C. are using D. usedA考點2 一般現在時的被動語態( ) 9. Im考點3 一般將來時的被動語態( ) 10. Zongzi _ to students for free in our school dining hall tonight. Really? That sounds cool! (2019江門二中二模) A. offer B. have offered C. are offered D. will be offeredD考點3 一般將來時的被動語態( ) 10. Zo考點3 一般將來時的被動語態( ) 11. The 2022 Winter Olympics _ in Beijing & Zhangjiakou. Chinese people have done lots of things for it, and Im sure it will be a great eve