1、2022-2023學年山西省太原市第五十一中學高三英語上學期期末試題含解析一、 選擇題1. They _ of the terrible situation in Thailand, otherwise they wouldnt have gone there for sightseeing.Awouldnt hear Bdidnt hear Chavent heard Ddont hear參考答案：B 2. How do you find my idea?Sorry, but my mind was not on what you are saying and Im afraid I it.

2、 Awas missing Bhad missed Cwill miss Dmissed參考答案：D3. Actually, works hard can be they want to be, whether it is a pilot, an engineer or a manager.A. anyone; whoever B. no matter who; whoeverC. whoever; no matter what D. whoever; whatever 參考答案：D略4. _ with the Japanese government, some Chinese people

3、decided not to buy products from Japan any moreA Not satisfying B Not having satisfied C Not satisfied D Not to satisfy參考答案：C 5. Will Mr. Smith come here on time?We cannot guarantee the _ arrival of trains in foggy weather. A. punctual B. eventual C. actual D. natural參考答案：A試題分析：句意：史密斯先生會準時到這兒嗎？我們不能保

4、證霧天火車準時到達。punctual“守時的，準時的”。eventual最后的，最終的；actual真實的，實際的；natural自然的，天生的。故選A項。6. Diana sold most of her things. She has rarely left in her house. AanythingBeverything Cnothing Dsomething 參考答案：A7. Some of the exercises appear to be ones that you have done，but after taking second look，you will find th

5、at they are different. A. 不填；the B. the；the C. the；a D. the；不填參考答案：C 8. The teacher went up to the sleeping student and patting him on the head, . Awaking him up Bto wake him away Cwoke him up Dwaken him away參考答案：C9. -Havent we met before? You seem to be Mr. Richard.- . Did we meet at James birthday

6、 party?ASo am I B.So I am C.So I do D.So do I參考答案：B略10. Every year, a great many visitors come to visit the temple_ the 12th century, _ has brought a large income. Adating from; which Bdated from; which Cwhich dates from; that Dwhich dated from; which參考答案：A11. Participants must sit down and not move

7、 or smile toin the contest.A.delightB.competeC.believeD.persist參考答案：B句意:參加這項競賽,參加者必須坐下來不動不笑。compete參加比賽,符合語境。12. Do you think this paper is too difficult? No, even a student of _ intelligence can get a high mark easily. A. splendid B. extraordinary C. average D. popular參考答案：C略13. _in doing her busin

8、ess, Jane didnt have time for social activities.A. Confused B. Worried C. Devoted D. Occupied 參考答案：D14. _ said to be one billion people learning English now and about 80% of the information on the Internet is in English. A. Its B. There are C. People D. What 參考答案：B 15. I hate _ when people have prej

9、udice against female employees and think women are less capable.A. that B. it C. one D. them參考答案：B16. -How is everything?-Not smoothlyThe problem is not so easy as we thought. It is far from being settled. Aalmost Bhardly Cnearly Dscarcely參考答案：C 二、 書面表達17. 假設你是李津，與你以前的外籍教師Mrs. Green 一直保持聯(lián)系。近日她來信詢問你的

10、近況，請根據(jù)以下提示給她回復一封郵件。（1）簡要介紹自己的學習和生活；（2）告知你已成為八月底在津舉辦的第十三屆全運會的志愿者，并介紹為此所做的準備（如深入了解天津等）；（3）希望她有機會重訪天津。注意：（1）詞數(shù)不少于100；（2）可適當加入細節(jié)，使內(nèi)容充實、行文連貫；（3）開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。參考詞匯：第十三屆全運會 the 13th National GamesDear Mrs. Green,Im glad to hear from you. _Yours,Li Jin參考答案：這是一封郵件，要點都已經(jīng)給出，關鍵在于要點要全面，不能有遺漏和省略。但是要點只是提綱，考生還要在此基礎上

11、增加細節(jié)，不要逐字逐句翻譯，同時注意謀篇布局的順序，運用合適的連接詞連接全文，同時選擇高級的詞匯和語法項目讓文章更有文采。審題時注意本文時態(tài)主要是一般現(xiàn)在時和一現(xiàn)在完成時，描述要盡量選擇簡潔的語言，運用合適的語法規(guī)則和詞匯把各要點都準確表述出來。難點在于選擇詞匯和句型，可以靈活運用高級詞匯和固定短語準確表述。還要用適當?shù)倪B接詞把句子連接起來，這樣文章顯得更連貫。三、 閱讀理解18. Breathing dirty air comes at a high price. Air pollution lowers the average life spans (壽命) by a year world

12、wide and in more polluted parts of Asia and Africa, dirty air shortens lives up to twice that much. Scientists shared their new findings in Environmental Science & Technology Letters. The study used data gathered in 2016 as part of a project known as the Global Burden of Disease and was the first ma

13、jor country-by-country look at the connection between the length of life and whats known as fine PM.Air pollution has been linked to many health problems. Most earlier studies had looked at how tiny air pollutants affected rates of illness or death. Joshua Apte is an environmental scientist at the U

14、niversity of Texas at Austin. By looking at life expectancy (預期壽命), his team had hoped to make the threat easier to understand. PM2.5 is what scientists call tiny particles (顆粒) of pollution in the air. Higher levels of PM2.5 can cause health problems and cut months, if not years, from the average l

15、ength of life. This analysis shows how pollution affects life expectancy in different parts of the world.The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends limiting PM2.5 to 10 micrograms per cubic meter of air. Aptes group calculated how holding pollution to this low level would help people. In countri

16、es with very dirty air, meeting this standard would lengthen peoples lives. However, in countries whose air already meets this standard, the study shows no gain in life expectancy. In other words, meeting the WHO standard wont reduce health costs resulting from dirty air because even below 10 microg

17、rams per cubic meter, pollution still causes serious risks. Meanwhile, the scientists compared how other threats including smoking and cancer shorten the length of life across the globe.32. What is special about the study?A. It won recognition from a professional journal.B. It discussed health probl

18、ems caused by air pollution.C. It gathered lots of data for the Global Burden of Disease.D. It analyzed the link between life spans and PM by country.33. What is Joshua Aptes team trying to do?A. Help people better understand air pollution.B. Study life expectancy in different countries.C. Know how

19、small air pollutants affect health.D. Deal with different kinds of health problems.34. What will happen if a country limits PM2.5 to 10 micrograms per cubic meter of air?A. Peoples life spans will surely increaseB. It will get strong support from the WHO.C. Peoples health may not be much improved.D.

20、 It will guarantee people clean air.35. What might be discussed in the following paragraphs?A. How cleaning up the air can lengthen lives.B. How air pollution shortens lives by country.C. How other threats shorten life expectancy.D. How all the countries deal with severe pollution.參考答案：32. D 33. A 3

21、4. C 35. C本文是一篇說明文。在全球范圍內(nèi)，空氣污染使人的平均壽命降低了一年，而在污染更嚴重的亞洲和非洲地區(qū)，空氣污染使人的壽命縮短了兩倍之多。科學家們在環(huán)境科學與技術快報上分享了他們的新發(fā)現(xiàn)。該研究分析了不同國家居民的壽命與PM之間的關系。【32題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中The study used data gathered in 2016 as part of a project known as the Global Burden of Disease and was the first major country-by-country look at the conne

22、ction between the length of life and whats known as fine PM.（該研究使用了2016年作為一個名為“全球疾病負擔”(Global Burden of Disease)項目的一部分收集的數(shù)據(jù)，這是首個主要的逐國研究壽命長短與“細顆粒物”(fine PM)之間關系的國家。）可知，研究的特殊之處是該研究分析了不同國家居民的壽命與PM之間的關系。故選D。【33題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Joshua Apte is an environmental scientist at the University of Texas at Austin. By looking at life expectancy (預期壽命), his team had hoped to make the threat easier to understand.（約書亞阿普特(Joshua Apte)是德克薩