1、頁眉內容頁眉內容共享知識分享快樂一般現在時、一般過去時時態 名稱結構常連用的詞1 be動詞用 am/is/are 表 示，之后接名 詞，形容詞或 介詞。often;usually;every ； sometimes;現在 時2行為動詞用V原形或V-s/es ,引導 疑問句和否 定句，用do 或don ;t第三 人稱時用 does 或 doesn 有， does出現動 詞用原形；第 三人稱陳述 旬V后加s或always;never;once/twice/ a week/month/year;onSundays/Mondays/es.1 . be動詞用 過去式was或 were表示。yesterd

2、ay;the day before yesterday;last過去 時。2行為動詞用 V-ed,陳述 句，疑問句和 否定句借助 于 did,有 did 出現動詞用 原形。week/month/year/ago;a moment ago;just now;on/in+ 過去的時間J主要用法例句一般現在時陳述旬：I am an office worker.He is so lazy. They are at home now.否定句：I am not Tim.She is not very beautiful.They are not in the office.妣問旬： Are you an

3、officeassistant?Is she beautiful?表示沒有時 限的持久存 在的習慣性 的動作或狀 態，或現階段 反復發生的 動作或狀態， 或一般真理陳述旬：I work in Shanghai.He works at home.Davy never watches TV at home. 否定句:I don t like the food in KFC.Davy doesn t like the food in KFC either. 一般疑問句：Do you want a cup of coffee? Does she live near thesubway station?

4、在過去時間 里所發生的陳述旬：I was a big boss.He was beautiful.We were in Beijing last year.否定句:I was not at home at that moment.We were not at work yesterday.TK妣問句:Were you a teacher?Was she in the office last week?陳述旬：I worked in Sunmoon.We studied English there. He lived inHongKong.否定句:I didn t work here.They

5、didn t see me. She liked English a l TK妣問句:Did you go to America?Did he work in Sunmoon?動作或行仕 的狀態。.,.,ot.共享知識分享快樂頁眉內容共享知識分享快樂頁眉內容般將來時、過去將來時時態 名稱結構常連用的詞主要用法例句將來 時1任何人稱+will+V 原形.tomorrow, the day after tomorrow;soon;nextweek/month/year/； theweek/month/year/. after next;on/in + 將來的時間； in+ 一段時間；.即將發生 動

6、作或狀 態。陳述句：I will fly to Hong Kong tomorrow.He will go with us.We will arrive in Shanghai next week. 否定句:I will never believe you again. He will not come tonight.We will not buy a car next year.TK妣問句:Will you go there by train?Will he come tomorrow?Will they live a five-star hotel?2 is/am/are+going t

7、o+V原形，表小計 劃打算做什么事情。陳述句：I m going to go to Hong K）ng by air.否定句:We are not going to buy a house here.TK妣問句:Are they going to changetheir jobs?特殊疑問句：How are you going to tellhim?過去 將來 時was/were going to +V原形多用在賓語從句中在過去將 會發生的 動作。陳述旬：I was going to buy a computer. They told me that they were not going t

8、o go abroad.（間接引語） 否定句:I was not going to buy a computer.任何人稱+would +V原形He said he would come in Shanghai. I said I would buy you a car one day.現在進行時、過去進行時時態 名稱結構常連用的詞主要用法例句陳述句：Im waiting for my boy friend.現在 進行 時is/am/are+V-ingnow ；at present;at the moment;Look!（放在句首）； Listen!（放在句 首）；表示現在 （指說話人 說話時

9、）正 在發生的事情。He is doing the housework at home now.We are enjoying ourselves. 否定句:He is not playing toys.般妣問句：Are you having dinner at home?Is Tim cooking in the kitchen? 特殊疑問句:What are you doing now?Where are they having a meal?陳述旬：I was doing my homework at that過去 進行was/were+V-ingat that time; at thi

10、s time yesterday; at+時間點過去一段時 何止在發生time.We were having a party while he was sleeping.否定句:He was not sleeping at 11 o clocknight.TK妣問句:Were you watching TV at that time?特殊疑問句:What were you doing at that時+yesterday/last night;at that moment;的事情。moment?現在完成時、過去完成時時態 名稱結構常連用的詞主要用法例句already ； just ； befo

11、re; yet （否定句中）;ever ;never ；once/twice/ for+ 一段時間； since +時間點； since+段時間+ago;by+現在時間；so far ; up to now; till now; until now; recently/lately;during/over/in the past/last用來表示之 前已發生或 完成的動作 或狀態，其陳述旬：I have already told Davy. Davy has known this matter.現在 完成 時have/has+p.p （過去分 詞）結果的確和 現在肩聯 系。動作或 狀態發生在

12、過去但它的 影響現在還 存在；也可 表示持續到 現在的動作 或狀態。He has lived here for nearly 10 years.否定句:I haven t finished my homework.Tim hasn t come yet.We haven ehrd any news about him般妣問句:Has he worked here since he came here?特殊疑問句：How long have you worked in this company?1. have/has always been+名詞/形容詞/介詞：總是或一直是什么樣子。He has

13、 always been a good father.I have always been busy.特別注意：They have always been in America.2. have/has gone to:去了某地（未歸） He has gone to Beijing.They have gone to the cinema.3. have/has been to:表小去過或到過某地I have been to Canada. Have you been to Hong Kong?Where have you been? I have never been here.陳述句：He

14、said he had told Davy.（間接引語） He left the office after he had called Davy.過去的過去：By the end of the day we had sold over 2000過去 完成had +過去分詞by+過去的時間（在XX之前，不遲于）；動作發生在 過去的過tickets.否定句:She hadn t had dinner before she went.4-時表過去某動作或時間以 前”的時間狀語。去。out.股妣問句:Had she learnt English before she moved here?特殊疑問句:

15、how many English words had he learnt by the end of last year?英語時態舉例Simple Present一般現在時句子結構：主語+VI study English everyday.我每天都學習英語.Present Continuous現在進行時句子結構：主語+be+doingI am studying English now.我正在學習英語.Simple Past一般過去時句子結構：主語+V-edTwo years ago,I studied English in America.兩年前，我在美國學英語.Past Continuous

16、過去進行時句子結構：主語+was/were+doingI was studying English whenyou called yeaterday.你昨天給我打電話的時候，我正在學習英語.Simple Future一般將來時句子結構：主語+will+V.If you are having problems, I will help you study English.如果你在學習英語當中，遇到問題，我將幫助你.句子結構:主語+be going to+VI m going to study English nextyear.我明年將開始學習英語.Future Continuous將來進行時句子

17、結構：主語+will be+doingI will be studying English when you arrive tonight.明晚你來的時候，我會正在學習英語.句子結構：主語+be goingto+be+doingI m going to bestudying English when youarrive tonight.同上.Present Perfect現在完成時Past Perfect過去完成時Future Perfect將來完成時句子結構:主語+have/has doneI have studied English in several different countri

18、es.在一些國家，我已經學習了英語.Present Perfect Continuous現在完成進行時句子結構：主語+had doneI had studied a little English before I moved to the U.S.在我搬去美國之前，我已經學習了 一點英語.Past Perfect Continuous過去完成進行時句子結構：主語+will+have doneI will have studied every tense by the time I finish this course.在我完成這個課程的時候，我已經能 完成英語時態的學習了 .句子結構：主語+b

19、e going to+have doneI m going to have studiedeverytense by the time I finish this course.同上.Future Perfect Continuous將來完成進行時句子結構:主語+have/has been doingI have been studying English for ten years.我已經學習英語后十年的時間了 .句子結構：主語+had been doingI had been studying English for ten years before I moved to the U.S.

20、在我搬去美國之前，我已經學習了 十年的英語了.句子結構：主語+will have been doingI will have been studying English for over three hours by the time you arrive.明晚你來的時候，我已經學習英語3 個小時了 .句子結構:主語+be going to havebeen doingI m going to have been studying English for over three hours by the time you arrive同上.詳細講解-一般現在時通常以動詞原形表示。主語為第三人稱單

21、數時，用現單三形式。動詞be和have（表示 擁有”備人稱的單數形式為：第一人稱單數第二人稱單數第三人稱單數HaveHaveHaveHasBeAmArei s一般現在時的否定式、疑問式和簡單回答形式如下：動詞be與have （表示擁有）：否定式直接把not放在動詞之后，疑問式直接把動詞放在主 語之前，見下表：否定式&疑問式Be Have Be HaveI am not (I m not) I have not (haven t) Am i ？ Have i ？You are not (aren t) You have not (haven t) Are you ？ Have you ？He i

22、s not (isn t) He has not (hasn t) Is he ？ Has he ？動詞be的否定疑問式和簡單回答：否定疑問式肯定回答否定回答Am I not (aren t i)？Yes, you are.No, you aren tAre you not (aren t you) Yes, I am.No, I m not.Is he not (isn t he) Yes, he is.No, he isn t 動詞be與have（表示擁有：）否定式直接把not放在動詞之后，疑問式直接把動詞放在主語頁眉內容頁眉內容共享知識分享快樂之前，見下表：否定式 疑問式Be Have

23、Be HaveI am not (I m not) I have not (haven t) Am i ? Have I ？You are not (aren t) You have not (haven t) Are you ？ Haveyou ？He is not (isn t) He has not (hasn t) Is he ？ Has he ？動詞have(表示 擁有)的否定疑問式和簡單回答：否定疑問式肯定回答否定回答Have I not (haven t i) Yes, you have.No, you haven t.Have you not (haven t you) ？Ye

24、s, I have.No, I haven t.Has he not (hasn t he) ？Yes, he has.No, he hasn t.注意：have作為行為動詞則只能按照行為動詞的規則變化。行為動詞(以study為例)一般現在時的否定式、疑問式和簡單回答(注意要加助動詞do/does)否定式 疑問式I do not (don t) study Do I studyYou do not (don t) study Do you studyHe does not (doesn t) study Does he study否定疑問句式簡單回答(肯定/否定)Do I not (Don t

25、 I) studyYes, I do. No, I don t.Do you not (Don t you) study Yes, you do. No, you don t.Does he not (Doesn t he) studyYes, he does. No, he doesn t.共享知識分享快樂頁眉內容共享知識分享快樂頁眉內容詳細講解-現在進行時、一般過去時由助動詞be +現在分詞構成。其中be有人稱和數的變化，有三種形式：第一人稱單數用am, 第三人稱單數用is,其他用are?，F在進行時的否定式是：直接在助動詞be后面加上not；疑問式是：把助動詞be提到主語之前。以study

26、為例：否定式 疑問式I am not studying Am I studying?You are not studying, Are you studying?He is not studying. Is he studying?般過去時一般過去時通常由動詞過去式表示。一般過去時的否定式、疑問式和簡單回答形式要用助動詞do的過去式did,同時注意實義動詞要用原形。以 study為例，其否定式、疑問式和簡單回答形式如下：否定式 疑問式I did not (didn t) studyDid 卜 study ？You did not (didn t) studyDid you study ？He

27、did not (didn t) studyDid he study ？否定疑問式簡單回答(肯定/否定) TOC o 1-5 h z Did I not (Di dn t I) study Yes, you did. No, you didn t.Di you not (Didn t you) study Yes； I did. No, I didn t.Did he not (Didn t he) study Yes, he did. No, he didn t.詳細講解-過去進行時、過去完成時過去進行時由助動詞be的過去式+現在分詞構成。其中be有人稱和數的變化，第一、第三人稱單數用 wa

28、s,其他用were.1）過去進行時動詞主要表示在過去某一時刻或某一段時間內正在進行或持續進行的動作。過去進行時經常與過去時配合使用。例如：This time yesterday, we were having an English lesson.昨天這個時候，我們正在上英語課。The teacher was giving us a lesson when Tom walked into the room.老師在給我們上課時,湯姆走進教室。While we were having supper, all the lights went out.我們吃飯的時候，燈滅了。He was reading

29、 while she was setting the table.她擺桌子時，他在讀書。It was getting dark. The wind was rising.天漸漸黑下來了。風勢增強了。2）過去進行時動詞常用always, continually, frequently等詞連用，表示過去經常發生的行為。這種用法表明帶有的感情色彩。例如：The two brothers were frequently quarreling when they were young.兩兄弟小時候常吵架。In Qing Dynasty, China was always making concessio

30、ns to western powers.清朝時，中國總是對西方列強妥協。過去完成時 一律用had +過去分詞構成。用法：1）表示發生在過去某一時間或動作之前的事情，即過去的過去。用過去完成時，必須有一個過去的時間或動作來作參照，說明在此之前某事已發生。如果兩個動作都是在過去發生的，先 發生的用過去完成時，后發生的用一般過去時。例如：She told me she had been there three times before.她告訴我她以前到過那里三次。（去過”頁眉內容頁眉內容共享知識 分享快樂 發生在告訴”之前）How long had he taught here by the en

31、d of last term?到上學期末為止，他在這里教學多長時間啦？（教學”發生在上學期末結束之前）When we arrived, the football match had already begun. 我們到的時候，足球賽已經開始了。 She had visited China twice before she came this year .她今年來中國之前已訪問過中國兩次 了。2）過去完成時動詞可以表示過去某一時刻之前發生的動作或呈現的狀態，這一動作一直持續到過去這一時刻或將繼續下去。例如：By the middle of last month, I had lived in B

32、eijing for five years. 到上月 中旬，我已在北京住 了五年了。By six o clock they had worked for eight hours. 到六點為止，他們已工作八小時了。When I came to Shanghai, he had been there for a long time.我至U上海時，他在那里彳艮長時問了。3）過去完成時動詞常用于間接引語和虛擬語氣，我們以后會詳細講述。4）止匕外，過去完成時常用于no sooner than 和 hardly（scarcely）when?個句型，前面部分用過去完成時，后面部分用一般過去時。例如：No s

33、ooner had he stolen the purse than he was caught red-handed. = He had no sooner stolen the purse than he was caught red-handed.他剛偷到錢包就被當場抓獲。Saddam had hardly realized what was happening when he was captured. = Hardly had Saddam realized what was happening when he was captured.薩達姆還沒有意識至 U在發生什么事情就被抓獲了

34、。共享知識分享快樂頁眉內容共享知識分享快樂頁眉內容詳細講解-過去完成進行時、一般將來時過去完成進行時had been + 動詞的現在分詞。用法：表示一直持續到過去某個時間的行為動作，此行為動作或剛結束、或還沒結束(可以從上下文看出)。這一時態經常與一般過去時一起使用。例如：When he came in, I had been trying to repair the TV for a couple of hours.他進來的時候， 我一直在努力修理電視機好幾個小時了The roads were dangerous. It had been raining for two whole days

35、.道路彳艮危險。雨直下了兩整天。They were tired because they had been digging since dawn.他們累了，因為從天亮開始他們就一直在挖。The boy was delighted with the new mountain bike. He had been hoping for one for a longtime.那男孩得到一輛新山地自行車很高興。很長時間來他一直希望有一輛。一般將來時一般將來時動詞表示將來發生的動作或情況。主要有以下幾種表現形式：(1) shall/will + 動詞原形表示單純的將來，不涉及主語的主觀意愿。第一人稱I,

36、we用shall或will,其余用will.其否定式、疑問式和簡單回答形式如下：否定式 疑問式I shall/will not studyS hall I study？You will not study.W川 you study？共享知識分享快樂頁眉內容He will not study.Will he study？否定疑問式簡單回答（肯定/否定）Shall I not (shanWill you not (WonWill he not (Won例如：t i) studyY es? you will. No, you wont you) study Yes, I shall /will. N

37、o, I shant he) study -Yfes, he will. No, he wont.t/wont.t.I shall be twenty years old next year . 我明年二十歲。The sky is black. I think it will rain.天黑下來了。我想可能會下雨。You will meet him at the station this afternoon.你下午會在車站碰至 U他。The train will arrive soon.火車快要到了。When shall we see you next time?我們下次什么時候能看見你呢?H

38、e probably won t go with usW?概不能和我們一起去。汪忠：shall, will 的縮寫形式為ll如 I ll, you 川hshe 制will用于第一人稱時，可以表示將來的意愿、決心、允諾、命令等；shall用于第二、三人稱時，可以表示說話人的將來的意愿。例如：I will give you a new pen for your birthday.我將送你一支新鋼筆作為生日禮物。（允諾）I will take the college entrance examination.我將參加大學入學考試。（決心）Shall I open the window? 我打開窗戶好

39、嗎？（征求允諾）You shall have the book as soon as I get it.我一拿到書就給你。（說話人的允諾）The enemy shall not pass.決不讓敵人通過。（說話人的保證）I will do my best to help you.我愿意盡力幫助你。（意愿）Nobody shall be late for the meeting.任何人開會都不能遲到。（說話人的命令）（2） be going + 動詞不定式1）這種結構表示主體現在打算在最近或將來要做某事。這種打算往往是事先考慮好的。例如:My brother is going to learn

40、English next year . 我哥哥準備明年學英語。I am going to meet Tom at the station at six.我六點鐘要至U火車站去接湯姆。She is not going to be there.她不會到那兒去的。When are you going to finish your work?你的工作什么時候做完?He is going to stay a week.他準備呆一星期。頁眉內容共享知識分享快樂We are going to call a meeting to discuss it.我們準備開個會來討論一下。2）這種結構還可以表示說話人根據

41、已有的跡象認為非常可能即將發生某事。例如: Look at these black clouds ? it is going to rain. 看這些烏云？ 要下雨了。I think it is going to snow. 我看要下雪。I am afraid I am going to have a bad cold. ?恐怕我要得重感冒。詳細講解-將來進行時將來進行時shall/will be + 現在分詞用法：將來進行時動詞表示在將來某一段時間內將會發生的動作。This time next week we shall be working in that factory.下星期這時候，我們將在那個工廠勞動。When I get up tomorrow morning, my mother will be getting breakfast for me.當我明天早晨起床時，我媽媽將在為我準備早飯。I will be