1、八年級英語課堂筆記(收集整理 楊友榮)8A Unit 31. climb the hill爬山climb (up)爬 climb up the Great Wall爬長城 climb into the bed爬上床climb through the window從窗戶爬出來 climb over the wall翻越墻2. need to exercise and keep fit需要鍛煉來保持健康 keep fit, keep healthy, stay healthy保持健康keep sb + adj: keep us healthykeep sb + doing: keep worker

2、s workingneed作名詞時，構成短語in need。作行為動詞時有人稱和數的變化，后接不定式或動名詞；當主語和它后面的動詞之間有一種被動關系時，使用need doing或need to be done。作情態動詞時無人稱和數的變化，后接動詞原形。We should help people in need. He needs to study hard. A lot of homework needs finishing.A lot of homework needs to be finished. exercise  n/vdo morning /eye exercises.

3、做鍛煉：do exercise 做練習：do exercises他每天鍛煉。He does exercise every day. / He exercises every day.3. come on (命令句)快，快點吧；走吧；跟我來；這邊來吧 Come on! Well be late for school.快點！我們上學要遲到了。4. Lets enjoy ourselves! enjoy oneselfhave a good time玩得高興,過得愉快，反身代詞與主語保持一致。Lets do sth, shall we? 除此以外的祈使句，無論是肯定式還是否定式，附加疑問部分一律用w

4、ill you。e.g. Dont be late again, will you? Open the door, will you? Let us go home, will you?5. take a boat trip乘船旅行，go past the Opera House經過悉尼歌劇院 6. sit in a little coffee shop by the River Seine坐在塞納河畔的一個小咖啡店里 coffee house咖啡店；茶館，coffee shop咖啡店by在旁邊(比near近) Come and warm yourself by the fire.過來烤烤火。

5、7. take care保重；當心，小心 take (good) care oflook afterwell (好好)照顧 look out當心look out of向外看be careful小心be careful of/with珍視；注意 Please be careful of your health. 請注意你的健康。8. a beautiful building with a big garden and many trees 介詞短語with a big garden and many trees作后置定語，修飾名詞a beautiful building。 9. foreign

6、country外國，a foreign language一門外語 10. have a wonderful/great/good time 玩得高興；過得愉快 have a wonderful/great/good time + doing sth11. interesting placesplaces of interest有趣的地方；名勝 (注意此處的interest無復數) 這里interest解釋為“令人感興趣的事或人”。interest還表示“興趣”，常用的短語有：show/have interest in sth對某事感興趣， show/have interest in doing

7、 sth對做某事感興趣Daniel shows/has great interest in computers. Daniel shows/has great interest in making his own home page.12. invite me to join their school trip to the World Park邀請我參加她們學校組織的去世界公園的旅行 invite sb to邀請某人去某地sb be invited to某人應邀去某地，Millie invited me to her birthday party. I was invited to Mill

8、ies birthday party.invite sb to do sth邀請某人做某事sb be invited to do sth某人應邀做某事，We should invite more people to take part in the charity show. More people should be invited to take part in the charity show.join參加，加入某組織，如政黨、社會團體等。join sb , join sb in sth指和某人一起做某事。join intake part in參加某活動，attend出席。試比較： He

9、 joined the tennis club. The man joined the army at the age of 19. He joined in the game. Did you take part in your school sports meeting? Were going to plant trees. Will you join us? He joined us in the game.13. at the beginning開始；起初 at the beginningin the beginningat firstat the start開始；起初 at last

10、, finally, in the end后來；最后；終于，與上述短語“開始，起初”意思相反。at the beginning of在之初(后接時間)at the end of在末尾，在的盡頭(后接時間或地點) 注意：沒有in the beginning of, in the end offrom beginning to end自始至終；從頭到尾。注意：該短語不含定冠詞the。 begin withstart with先做；以開始 e.g. Lets begin with Exercise 1. 表示“啟程”、機器的“啟動”只能用start。Lets start at 6:00 a.m. t

11、omorrow. Well begun is half done. 良好的開端是成功的一半。14. at the school gate在學校大門口 at表示在較小的地方，如：at the theatre在劇院，at the party在聚會上，at the airport在機場，at the bus stop在公交站臺，at the crossing, at the crossroads在十字路口15. get on a coach上長途汽車 get on/get off上、下(車、船等)，e.g. get on/get off the plane上、下飛機16. a lot of traf

12、ficheavy trafficbusy traffic交通擁擠，作主語時謂語動詞用單數。17. one / it / that (those)的區別Your coat is very nice. I will buy _one_ tomorrow.The weather in Beijing is colder than _that_ in Changzhou.People in China are more friendly than _those_ in the UK.I only have one copy of newspaper, do you want _it_?One 是指同類

13、不同物，指代前面出現的單數名詞，復數用ones；it指同類同物；that或those用于比較級中。試翻譯：The pyramids look like the real ones.18. whole ：the whole world= all the world           the whole day  = all day19. arrive at the World Park到達世界公園 “到達”有三種表達， get to某地，arrive at小地方，arrive in大地

14、方，reach某地。get to，arrive at/in后接地點副詞時不能用介詞，常用的地點副詞有here, there, home。如：get/arrive here/there/home到這里/到那里/到家。20. be made of metal 由金屬制成 be made of由制成，強調從制成的成品上還能看得出原材料，物理變化。The desk is made of wood. 這張桌子是木制的。be made from由制成，表示從成品上已經看不出原材料,化學變化。 Wine is made of grapes. 葡萄酒是葡萄釀成的。be made up of由組成，由構成，指各

15、個部分組成整體。Our class is made up of 54 students. 我們班由54名學生組成。be made in在某地制造 NOKIA mobile phones are made in Beijing.21. not any more再也不no more，no more, no longer用于be動詞后、行為動詞前not any moreno more再也不(表示程度、數量上的不再)not any longerno longer不再(表示時間上的不再延續) e.g.When the baby saw his mother, he did not cry any mor

16、e.After having some bread, she was no longer hungry.more and more越來越；越來越多 more or less幾乎；差不多 what is more更有甚者；更為重要的是 e.g.Ive more or less finished reading the book. 我差不多已經讀完這本書。Youre wrong, and what is more you know it. 你錯了！而且你明明知道你錯了！22. the song and dance shows歌舞巡游，join in the dancing加入舞蹈行列 23. on

17、 the Internet 在因特網上 on the computer在電腦上，on the screen在屏幕上，on TV在電視上24. teach himself how to make a home page自學制作網頁 teach oneselflearnby oneself自學，疑問詞帶to的動詞不定式。25. go and see for yourself親自去看看 for oneself親自，by oneselfon ones ownalone獨自；單獨 Did she find it out for herself? Yes. She did it all by hersel

18、f.26. travel from one place to another從一個地方到另一地方旅行 from one place to another相當于from place to place，類似的有：from one country to anotherfrom country to country。fromto another中的another不能用other代替。fromto中的名詞前不能用冠詞a/an/the，名詞不能用復數。from beginning to end自始至終，from head to foot從頭到腳 from morning to night27. take

19、a look at看一看 have/take a look看一看，只強調看的動作；have/take a look at看一看I took a lot of photos in Shenzhen. May I have/take a look at them?Take a look at the things (people used in the past). 括號內的句子是定語從句。28. in the past過去，at present現在，in the future將來；未來 (注意介詞in/at和冠詞的搭配) 29. walk slowly around the big lake a

20、nd feel the beauty of the old park in the Summer palace在頤和園里環湖漫步，感受這座古老公園的美麗 beauty n. 美；美麗e.g. A thing of beauty is a joy for ever.美的事物永遠令人喜愛。(語出約翰·濟慈John Keats英國文壇巨星、著名詩人，與雪萊、拜倫齊名) 美人；美麗的事物，She was a beauty in her day. around圍繞；環繞show sb around. 帶領某人參觀某地The guide showed us around the Xuanwu L

21、ake Park. The earth travels around the sun. 30. Which city do you want to go to?該句的疑問詞which作go to的賓語，不能使用where。例如該句可以回答為I want to go to Paris/Washington/London. 試比較：Where does he live? Which flat does he live in?31. travel by underground坐地鐵 by underground乘坐地鐵，by交通工具，是介詞短語，此時by后無介詞。類似的有：by bus/train/

22、plane/underground乘坐公共汽車/火車/飛機/地鐵。表示“乘坐某交通工具去某地”通常有兩種表達：go to sp bytake the to。例如：坐地鐵去市中心：go to the centre of the city by undergroundtake the underground to the centre of the city。另外，“乘坐飛機去某地”有三種形式：go toby planetake the plane tofly to(飛往)32. learn more about old Beijing更多地了解老北京 33. great fun很有趣 fun 名

23、詞娛樂，嬉戲 e.g. He is full of fun.他很有趣。有趣的人或事 We had a lot of fun at the party.在聚會上我們玩得很高興。It is fun to play cards.玩牌很有趣。(不加a) for fun鬧著玩的，e.g. I have said it just for fun.我是說著玩的。make fun of嘲弄 e.g. They made fun of him.34. go horse riding去騎馬，e.g. You can go horse riding in Inner Mongolia. 35. keep their

24、 secret to themselves保守著他們的這個秘密 keep sth to oneself不將某事說出去 e.g. She always keeps her ideas to herself. The problem of stress gets worse when people keep their worries to themselves.keep secrets for sb 為某人保密，e.g. Thank you so much for keeping the secret for me. keep secrets from sb 對某人保密36. at the fr

25、ont of the bus在公交車的前部at/in the front of在的前部 in front of“在的前面”，主要指一物體在另一物體的前面，兩者是分開的，反義詞是behind，“在的后面”；而at/in the front of 則指一物體中有一部分位于前部，在某物的前面部分，即兩者是包容的，the front是某物的不可分割的組成部分；at/in the front of 的反義詞是at the back of在某物的后面部分；而before是“在的面前”。The introduction is always in/at the front of the book.序言總是置于

26、卷首。She sat in/at the front of the bus to get a good view of the country. Many people took photos (在前面) the Leaning Tower of Pisa.The robber was taken (在面前) the policeman.37. in the final of the basketball competition在籃球賽決賽中in the first half of the在的上半場比賽中，in the second half of the在的下半場比賽中，in the fin

27、al of the在的決賽中，half-time中場休息，presentation of cup and medals頒發獎杯和獎牌儀式，gold medal金牌，silver medal銀牌，bronze medal銅牌。注意：贏得/獲得金牌：win a gold medal38. take place發生；舉行，不及物動詞短語，不能接賓語，不能用于被動語態中。發生 The dialogue took place at a tailors shop. Great changes have taken place in China since 1989. 注意：happen是“偶然發生” e.

28、g. What happened to him last night? 舉行be held，e.g. The wedding of Michael and Stella will take place next Sunday.take the place of取代/代替，take ones place取代/代替某人 Here is a toy plane to take the place of the one you lost.My sister is ill, and Ive come to take her place. Now plastics (塑料) can take the pl

29、ace of steel in many ways in life.39. go back to my school回到我的學校go back toreturn to回到e.g. Hong and Macao have returned to China.40. a fun place to visit動詞不定式作后置定語，這里的fun是形容詞，意為“有趣的”。41. the plan for today當天的計劃 plan n.計劃 v.計劃make a plan制訂計劃，make a/the plan for制訂的計劃，plan to do sth計劃做某事 e.g. make a pla

30、n for the coming summer holiday42. change to the bus換乘公共汽車 change v.，“交換”，與復數賓語連用Can we change seats? change名詞，變化(可數名詞) e.g. great changes巨變 找給的零錢“Dont forget your change!” said the cashier.43. take the bus all the way to the Palace Museum乘公共汽車直達故宮 44. make it a really fun day for everyone使每個人度過真正有趣

31、的一天 45. let me know as soon as possible.let sb know as soon as possible盡快通知某人46. luck n.運氣，常用于Good luck to sb.祝某人好運。Good luck with sth.某事好運。lucklucky adj.幸運的，e.g. a lucky dog幸運兒luckyluckily幸好，幸運地，幸運的是，常用于句首。Her handbag was stolen on her way back home. (luck), she hadnt put her keys in it.47. support

32、 v.&n.支持；養活e.g. have a lot of support from sb得到某人的大力支持Mark has a big family to support.馬克養活一大家人。with ones support在某人的支持下supportsupporter支持者；擁護者 e.g. Im a Yao Ming supporter.我是姚明的球迷。48. instead adv. 代替 e.g. Theres nothing at the cinema. Lets go to the Internet bar instead.instead of名詞/代詞/動名詞/介詞短語

33、，代替 e.g. Can I come at 9:00 instead of 8:00?49. real/true詞語辨析real和true的主要含義不同，real指確實存在、非相像的；true表示與事實相符、真實、非杜撰的。e.g. Was it real or was it a dream? 這是真實還是夢幻？ Is the news true? 這消息是真的嗎？a movie based on a true story取材于真實故事的電影 50. movement n. 運動；行進；走動 e.g. There was a sudden movement in the bushes. 灌木

34、叢里突然有什么東西動了一下。the womens/peace movement 婦女/和平運動 51. ticket票；券；入場券 a bus/theatre/plane ticket公共汽車票/戲票/機票，Tickets are available from Arts Centre at ￥50. 藝術中心有票，每張50元。 a ticket for票, free tickets for the show演出的免費入場券 a ticket office售票處，a ticket machine自動售票機，a ticket collector 收票員52. win (在比賽、賽跑、戰斗中)獲勝,

35、贏,后接賓語為比賽、賽跑、戰斗等，不能接人作賓語反義詞lose。winner獲勝者。beat(在比賽或競爭中)贏、打敗(某人)，后接的賓語是人或團體。France won the World Cup in 1998, but lost in 2002. Congratulations! You win!He beat me at chess. Their recent wins have proved theyre still the ones to beat.53. cheer vi.歡呼；喝彩；cheer for為歡呼cheerful高興的；興高采烈的，Cheering crowds greeted their arrival. We all cheered for our football team as they came on the field. The crowd cheered the President when he drove slowly by. He felt cheerful and full of energy.他感到興高采烈，渾身充滿活力。cheers (用于祝酒)干杯，常用作Cheers! (英口)再見，如：Cheer