1、助動詞助動詞have / has+ 動詞的過去分詞動詞的過去分詞1. 肯定句：肯定句：主語主語 + have / has + 過去分詞過去分詞 + 其他其他.2. 否定句：否定句：主語主語 + have / has + not + 過去分詞過去分詞+ 其他其他.3. 一般疑問句：一般疑問句：Have/ Has + 主語主語 + 過去分詞過去分詞+ 其他其他?-Yes, 主語主語+have/has. / -No, 主語主語+havent/hasnt.4. 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問句：1) 特殊疑問詞特殊疑問詞 (非主語非主語)+have/has +主語主語+過去分詞過去分詞+其他？其他？2) 特殊疑

2、問詞特殊疑問詞(是句子主語是句子主語)+have / has+ 過去分詞過去分詞+ 其他？其他？5. 時(shí)間狀語時(shí)間狀語: already, yet, just, ever, never, before , twice, so far, in the past few years, by this time, for+一段時(shí)間，一段時(shí)間， since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)間點(diǎn), since+一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間+ago, since+過去式的句子過去式的句子含義：含義：表示表示過去過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動作發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動作 對現(xiàn)在造對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。過去的動作或狀態(tài)從成的影響或結(jié)果。過去的動作或

3、狀態(tài)從過去過去某一時(shí)刻某一時(shí)刻開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，而且可能還要繼續(xù)下去。開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，而且可能還要繼續(xù)下去。already, yet, ever, never, just yet常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般疑問句或否定句的句末一般疑問句或否定句的句末。用于疑問句中時(shí)，意為用于疑問句中時(shí)，意為“已經(jīng)已經(jīng)”；用于否定句中時(shí)，；用于否定句中時(shí)，意為意為“還還”。Not yet 表示表示“尚未，還沒尚未，還沒”。already一般用于一般用于肯定句肯定句，用于疑問句時(shí)表示驚訝，出，用于疑問句時(shí)表示驚訝，出乎意料。常放于句中，實(shí)義動詞之前，助動詞之后。乎意料。常放于句中，實(shí)義動詞之

4、前，助動詞之后。ever 曾經(jīng)曾經(jīng) 用于疑問句中用于疑問句中never 從不從不 帶有否定意義帶有否定意義just 剛剛剛剛 與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用 一般置句中一般置句中 for+一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間=since+一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間+agobuy/bought have hadborrow/borrowed have keptarrive/arrived have been in / atleave/left have been awayopen have been openjoin have been in begin/start - have been on1. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，非延續(xù)性

5、動詞需要轉(zhuǎn)換為相應(yīng)的延現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，非延續(xù)性動詞需要轉(zhuǎn)換為相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞續(xù)性動詞 。A: Have you ever been to the Great Wall?B：Yes, I have. What about you?A: Me, too. =So have I. =I have ever been there, too. So+助動詞助動詞/be動詞動詞/情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+主語主語.A: Have you ever been to the Great Wall?B: No, I havent. What about you?A: Me neither. =Neither have I

6、. =I havent been there, either. Neither+助動詞助動詞/be動詞動詞/情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+主語主語.1. Both his parents look sad .Maybe they _whats happened to him . . knew . have known . must know .will know 2. He has _ been to Shanghai , has he ? . already .never .ever . still一、單項(xiàng)選擇。一、單項(xiàng)選擇。BB3. The famous writer _ one new book i

7、n the past two year .is writing .was writing .wrote .has written 4. - Our country _ a lot so far . - Yes . I hope it will be even _ . . has changed ; well . changed ; good . has changed ; better . changed ; betterDC5. Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years . . was ; studying . will ; study

8、. has ; studied . are ; studying 6. We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl. . know . had known . have known . knewCC7. Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice . will see . have seen . saw .see8. These farmers have been to the United States. Really ? When _ there ?. will they go . did they go

9、. do they go . have they goneBB9. - _ you _ your homework yet ?- Yes . I _ it a moment ago . Did ; do ; finished . Have ; done ; finished. Have ; done ; have finished . will ; do ; finishB10. His father _the Party since 1978 . joined . has joined . was in . has been in11. - Do you know him well ? -

10、Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . were . have been . have become . have madeDB12.- How long have you _ here ? - About two months . been . gone . come . arrived13. Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes. . has begun . had begun . has been on . beganAC14. It _ ten years since he left the army . .

11、 is . has . will . was15. Miss Green isnt in the office . She _ to the library . .has gone . went .will go . has been16. The students have cleaned the classroom, _ ? A. so they B. dont they C. have they D. havent theyAAD17. _ has Mr. White been a member of Greener China since he _ to China?A. How soon, comes B. How