1、動詞不定式用法大全   英語動詞的非謂語形式為三種：動詞不定式、動名詞和分詞。非謂語動詞沒有人稱和數的變化。動詞不定式是一種非謂語動詞形式，其結構為“to動詞原形”，其中to不是介詞，而是動詞不定式的符號，稱為小品詞，動詞不定式沒有人稱和數的變化。動詞不定式和其后面的名詞等構成不定式短語，在句子中可以用作主語、表語、賓語、補足語、定語、狀語等。 一. 作主語  例如：    To be a doctor is hard. 做醫生很難。    To learn English well

2、is not easy. 學好英語不容易。To say is to believe.眼見為實。    動詞不定式（短語）作主語時，為了避免句子的頭重腳輕，可以用“it”作形式主語，而把真正的主語動詞不定式（短語）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示為：    It is hard to be a doctor.    It is not easy to learn English well. 再如：    Its important to plant trees in sp

3、ring.    如果動詞不定式的動作是誰做的，可以在動詞不定式前面加一個由介詞for引導的短語，稱為不定式的復合結構。例：    Its good for us to read English aloud in the morning.    對我們來說每天早晨大聲讀英語是很有益的。    It is important for students to use English every day.    對學生來說每天使用英語是很重要的。 二.

4、 作表語：（在形式上，位于系動詞后的就是表語。從含義上講，表語是回答主語“是什么”或“怎么樣”的語法成分。）    動詞不定式（短語）作表語常用于系詞be的后面。例：    His work is to drive a car. 他的工作是開車。    My job is to feed animals. 我的工作是飼養動物。    Her ambition is to be a doctor. 她的理想是當醫生。  三. 作賓語   

5、 動詞不定式（短語）可以放在一些動詞后面用作賓語，能以動詞不定式作賓語的動詞有：begin, start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例：    I want to tell you a story. 我想給你講個故事。    They begin to work at eight every morning. 他們每天早晨8點開始工作。    Dont forget to lock the door.別忘了鎖門

6、。    Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow?明天和我們一起去野餐好嗎？    *如果and連接兩個動詞不定式，第二個動詞不定式一般省“to”例：   （1）He wants to go and have a swim with us. 他想和我們一起去游泳   （2）若作賓語的動詞不定式（短語）很長，可用it作形式賓語。    I find it interesting to l

7、earn English with you. 我覺得和你一起學英語很有趣。    He found it hard to catch up with others.他覺得趕上別人很困難。    四. 作賓語補足語。例如：    The teacher asked us to read English for half an hour in the morning.    老師讓我們早晨讀半小時英語。    The teacher often te

8、lls Jim not to spend too much time playing computer games.    老師常告訴Jim不要花太多時間玩電腦游戲。    Please let me help you.讓我來幫助你。    動詞不定式作賓語補足語，表示賓語所做的動作，可以用動詞不定式作賓語補足語的動詞有：tell, ask, want, like, invite, encourage, help等。但在let, make, see, watch, hear, feel, notice,

9、have等感官聽覺動詞或使役動詞后面作賓語補足語的動詞不定式一般要省略動詞不定式符號“to”，可以歸納為以下三種句式：  1.不可以省to的不定式作賓語補足語：    tell /ask / want / would like / wish / like / invite /encourage /teach sb. to do sth.    例：The teacher told us to come earlier tomorrow.    I want you to go now. 我想讓你

10、現在就走。    Her parents wish her to be a teacher.她父母親希望她當老師。  2.省“to”的不定式作賓語補足語：    Let / make / have sb. do sth.    Let the boy go out now. 讓那個男孩出去。    The boy made the baby cry. 男孩弄哭了這個小孩。    see / watch / hear / notice /

11、 feel sb. do sth.    I saw the students play basketball on the playground yesterday.    昨天我看見學生們在操場打籃球。    I often hear the girl sing in the next room. 我經常聽到女孩在隔壁唱歌。  3.可省可不省的：    help sb. （to）do sth.    I often help my

12、mother （to）do housework.    我經常幫媽媽做家務。    *動詞不定式的否定式是直接在to之前加not. 例：   （1）Tell them not to play football in the street.告訴他們不要在街道上踢足球。   （2）省to的動詞不定式的否定式是直接在動詞前面加not. 例：    Let the boy not go. 讓那個男孩別走。   （3）如果將主動語態變為被動語態時

13、，作賓語補足語的動詞不定式變為主語補足語，動詞不定式則不省“to”，即原來省的再加上，例：    The boy made the baby cry.    The baby was made to cry by the boy.那個孩子被男孩弄哭了。    五. 動詞不定式作定語    動詞不定式作定語常用來修飾名詞或不定代詞，放于所修飾的詞后，為后置定語。例：    Who was the first one to arrive? 誰第一個到

14、的？    She has no paper to write on? 她沒有紙寫字？    The best way to learn English is to use it. 學英語最好的方法是使用它。    When is the best time to plant vegetables?什么時候是種植蔬菜的最好時間？    Do you have something to drink? 你這有喝的嗎？    *動詞不定式（短語）作定語

15、修飾名詞時，與其所修飾的詞具有一種動賓關系，如果不定式中的動詞為不及物動詞時，其后應加上一個含義上所需要的介詞。例：    I have no chair to sit on.我沒有椅子坐。    He has no house to live in.他沒有房子住。   六. 動詞不定式作目的狀語：    動詞不定式作目的狀語常用在go, come, hurry等不及物動詞后，表目的。    He went to see his sister y

16、esterday.他昨天去看妹妹了。    They got up early to catch the early bus.他們早起去趕早班車。    有時可以把不定式（短語）提前，放于句首，表示強調目的。例：    To early English quickly and well, he went to England.    為了更快更好地學英語，他去了英國。不定式做狀語，可表示動作的目的、結果、原因、條件和方式。A. 表目的表目的時，不定式可放在句子的前面也可放在句

17、子的末尾。但在句子前面時，不定式常與句子用逗號隔開；而在句子末尾時一般不用逗號隔開。如：To get there on time, we set out at five in the morning. 為了按時到達那兒，我們早晨五點就出發了。He goes there to enjoy the fresh air. 他去那兒享受那兒的新鮮空氣。比較：to do, in order to do, so as to do都可表示目的，但to do, in order to do的位置既可在句首，又可在句末；而so as to do只能在句末-In order to build a house, h

18、e bought some wood and steel yesterday. He bought some wood and steel yesterday in order to build a house. -He bought some wood and steel yesterday so as to build a house. 為了建房，昨天他買來了木料和鋼材。B. 表結果不定式在下列結構中表示謂語動作的結果，不定式的位置一般在句子末尾。(1) 表示終結性的動詞find, see, hear, learn, discover的不定式，常表示出乎意料的結果，并且，不定式前常有nev

19、er, only等副詞修飾。如：I hurried to the railway station yesterday, (only) to find that the train had left. 昨天我急急忙忙趕到火車站時，發現火車已經開走了。I went to the classroom, to discover it empty. 我走到教室，結果發現教室是空的。(2) 在 “so + adj. / adv. + as + to do”中。如：The scenery is so beautiful as to attract many people here every year. 景

20、色非常美，每年都要吸引很多人來這里。(3) 在 “adj. / adv. + enough + to do”中。如：He ran fast enough to catch up with Li Lei. 他跑得很快，結果趕上了李蕾。(4) 在 “so + adj. / adv. +a(n) + n. + as + to do”中。如：This is so interesting a story as to interest children. 這是個很有趣的故事，使孩子們非常感興趣。(5) 在 “such + adj. / adv. + n. + as + to do”中。如：She is s

21、uch a good girl to help you make great progress. 她是個非常好的姑娘，幫助你取得了很大的進步。(6)  在 “too + adj. / adv. + to do”中。如：They went too slowly to catch the early bus. 他們走得太慢了，結果沒能趕上早班車。C. 表原因不定式表示原因時，一般放在句子的末尾，說明主語某種心情、情感(glad, pleased, sad, worried, sorrow, excited) 所產生的原因。如：Im very glad to hear that Li Le

22、i has been elected secretary of the Party. 聽說李蕾被選為了黨的書記，我很高興。D. 表條件不定式表示條件時，一般放在句首。如：To be heated, liquid will change into gas. 如果受熱，液體就會變成氣體。E. 表方式不定式可接在as if / as though之后表示方式時，如：He moved his mouth as if to say something. 他的嘴唇動了動，好像要說什么事似的。   七. 不定式和疑問詞連用，可以作句子的主語、賓語、表語等。例： 

23、60;  The problem is where to get a computer. （表語）    No one knows how to do it. 沒有人知道如何做這件事。（賓）    I really dont know which one to choose. （賓）我真的不知道選哪一個。    When and where to have the party is not known. （主語）    何時何地舉行聯歡還不知道。 

24、0;  *不定式和疑問詞連用作賓語時有時可以改為賓語從句。例：    I dont know what to do next. 我不知下一步該做什么？    I dont know what I should do next.   【模擬試題】（答題時間：30分鐘）    一. 選擇填空：    1. He asked me _ here earlier.    A. come   &#

25、160;     B. to come             C. coming             D. came    2. Please tell him _ on the wall.    A. dont draw  

26、0;     B. to not draw        C. not to draw      D. not draw    3. He wanted _ a cup of tea.    A. to have             

27、B. having        C. have          D. had    4. Id like _ a word with you.    A. had            B. having     &

28、#160;  C. to have              D. have    5. I came here _ my uncle.    A. saw           B. to see         C.

29、seeing        D. to be seen    6. The man refused （拒絕）_ back his words.    A. to take              B. taking         C. took 

30、          D. takes    7. I can let you _ one ticket.    A. to have              B. have           C. having

31、60;       D. had    8. We often heard him _ in his room.    A. to sing              B. sings          C. sang   

32、60;      D. sing    9. He was made _ day and night.    A. work         B. working            C. to work        

33、;     D. worked    10. He stopped _ a look, but saw nothing.    A. having        B. to have              C. have      &#

34、160;   D. had    11. My father was too angry _ a word.    A. to say        B. not to say          C. to saying           D. didnt

35、say    12. My brother was old enough _ to school.    A. went          B. goes           C. going         D. to go    13.

36、 It is time _ him _ supper.    A. of, to have         B. for, to have        C. of, having       D. for, to has    14. Its very kind _ you _ me.    A.

37、 of, to help         B. for, to help         C. of, help         D. of, helping    15. Its important _ our classroom clean every day.    A. kept 

38、          B. to keep              C. to give              D. keep    16. Before liberation （解放）they had no cha

39、nce _ to school.    A. went          B. go              C. to go          D. to be gone    17. He said he had an im

40、portant meeting _.    A. attend        B. would attend             C. attending           D. to attend    18. Please give me

41、a piece of paper _.    A. to write             B. to write on         C. writing              D. to write it  

42、  19. I dont know _.    A. what do            B. what will do         C. what to do     D. do what    20. Your radio needs _.    A. to

43、be repaired     B. to repair        C. repaired          D. to repairing    21. My wish is _ a teacher.    A. becoming       

44、   B. to become         C. become             D. became    22. I want _ him a letter now.    A. to write         &#

45、160;   B. not write           C. write          D. wrote    23. It took us three days _ the trees.    A. plant         

46、B. planted              C. to plant             D. plants    24. Why not _ here _ me?    A. to come, to see   B. come, to see 

47、;  C. came, seeing  D. come, see    25. He wishes me _ my best _ hard at English.    A. to do, to work   B. doing, working     C. to do, working    D. do, work    26. Please tell me _ her. I

48、 have something _ her.    A. where to find, telling         B. where to find, to tell    C. where can find, to tell        D. where finding, telling    27. How happy they are

49、_ each other again!    A. to see         B. see             C. saw           D. being seen    28. They decided （決心）_ a l

50、etter _ their thanks.    A. to write, expressing（表達） B. writing, express    C. write, expressed D. to write, to express    29. The officer ordered （命令）him _ down _ a rest.    A. lying, have    B. to lie, to have  &#

51、160;  C. to lie, having     D. lie, had    30. The headmaster called on （號召）us _ hard for our country.    A. to work             B. worked       

52、      C. work         D. to working    二. 根據上句意思完成下句，使兩句意思相近或相同，每空一詞。    1. He was so angry that he couldnt say anything.       He was too angry _ _ anything.   

53、; 2. I dont know when we will have the meeting.       I dont know when _ _ the meeting.    3. He said he would write a letter.       He said he would have a letter _ _.    4. That you read English in the morning is

54、very important.       It is very important _ you _ _ English in the morning.    5. He was so strong that he could lift the stone. （石頭）       He was strong _ _ _ the stone.    6. His father went to Beijing for h

55、is holiday.       His father went to Beijing _ _ his holiday.    7. They got up early so that they could get there in time.       They got up early _ _ _ _ there in time.    8. His brother decided that he would buy

56、the book.       His brother decided _ _ the book.    9. He hopes that he can visit the Great Wall.       He hopes _ _ the Great Wall.    10.I saw him go into the room.       He was seen _ _

57、into the room.    11.We made him work five hours a day.       He was made _ _ five hours a day.    12.Do you want to say anything for yourself?       Do you have anything _ _ for yourself?    13.

58、We dont know what we shall do next.       We dont know what _ _ next.    14.Im very sorry on hearing the bad news.       Im very sorry _ _ the bad news.    15.He stopped and had a look at me.   &

59、#160;   He stopped _ _ a look at me.    16.I helped him with his English.       I helped him _ _ English.    17.My father promised （許諾）that he would buy me a bike.       My father promised _ _ me a bi

60、ke.    18.The box is so heavy that I cant carry it.       The box is too heavy _ me _ _.    19.“Lie down! ”the boy said to his dog.       The boy ordered his dog _ _ down.    20.“Dont make any no

61、ise, ”she said to me.       She told me _ _ _ any noise.   【試題答案】    一.    1. B          2. C        3. A        4. C       5. B       6. A &