1、人教版新目標八年級上冊英語語法知識點(一)一般將來時一般將來時表示將來某個時間要發生的動作或者存在的狀態。通常與表示將來的時間狀語連用, 如 tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years 等。be going to do(動詞原形)結構：表示打算、準備做的事情或者肯定要發生的事情。如：It is going to rain.will do結構表示將來的用法：1 .表示預見Do you think it will rain?You will feel better after a

2、good rest.2 .表示意圖I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow.What will she do tomorrow?基本構成如下：一般疑問句構成：(1) will+ 主語 +do ？ Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday?(2) there be 結構的一般疑問句：Will there + be ？Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won' t否定句構成：will + not(won'

3、; )t +doSarah won ' t come to visit me next Sunday.特殊疑問句構成：特殊疑問詞+ will + 主語+？ What will Sarah do next Sunday?練一練根據例句，用 will改寫下列各句例：I don ' t feel well today .(be better tomorrow )I ' ll be better tomorrow1. Gina has six classes today. ( have a lot of homework tonight )2. I ' m tired

4、now( sleep later)3. My parents need a new car. (buy one soon)4. We can ' t leave right now. leave a little later)5. The weather is awful today. (be better tomorrow )答案：1. She' ll have a lot of homework tonight.2. I ' ll sleep later.3. They ' ll buy one soon.4. We ' ll leave a lit

5、tle later.5. Maybe it ' ll be better tomorrow.(二)should 的用法：should用來提出建議和忠告，后邊加動詞原形，否定句直接在should后邊加not.例如：I think you should eat less junk food.我認為你應該少吃垃圾食品。She drives a lot and she seldom walks. So I think she should walk a lot.她經常開車，很少走路。所以我認為她應該多走路。Students shouldn ' t spend too much time

6、 playing computer games.學生們不應當花太多的時間玩計算機游戲。學習向別人提建議的幾種句式：(1) I think you should (2) Well, you could (3) Maybe you should (4) Why don ' t you ?(5) What about doing sth.?(6) You' d better do sth.練一練用 should 或 shouldn '填空1. I can ' t sleep the nbehore exams.You take a warm shower before

7、 you go to bed.2. Good friends argue each other.3. There is little milk in the glass. We buy some.4. They didn ' t invite you? Maybe you be friendlier.5. I am a little bit overweight. So I think I do exercises every day.答案：1. should 2. shouldn ' t3. should 4. should 5. should(三)過去進行時過去進行時表示過

8、去某一點時間正在進行的動作或者過去某一段時間內一直進行的動 作。1 .構成was /were + doing , 例如：I was watching TV at 9 o ' clock last nightat 9 o ' clock last nigh時間點They were playing football all afternoon.all afternoon是時間段2 .過去進行時的標志詞at 8 o ' clock last night, this time yesterday 例如：I was having lunch at home this time y

9、esterday.昨天的這個時候我正在吃午飯。At that time she was writing a book.那陣子她在寫一本書。(表示她在那段時間里一直在做那件事情。)練一練用括號中所給動詞的適當形式填空。1. This time yesterday I(read) books.2. At 9 o ' clock last Sunday they have) a party.3. When I (come) into the classroom, she(read) a storybook.4. She(play) computer games while her mothe

10、r(cook) yesterday afternoon.5. I(have) a shower when you ( call) me yesterday.答案：1. was reading 2. were having 3. came; was reading4. was playing; was cooking5. was having; called(四)間接引語形成步驟：(1)不要逗號，冒號，引號(2)要考慮到人稱的變化(人稱的變化與漢語是一致的)(3)要考慮時態的變化(4)要考慮時間狀語、地點狀語和語示代詞的變化。1 .直接引語變成間接引語時，幾個主要時態的變化規律直接引語間接引語一

11、般現在時一般過去時一般將來時過去將來時現在進行時過去進行時2 .直接引語變成間接引語時，一些詞匯的變化規律直接引語間接引語1. am / is1. was2. are2. were3. have / has3. had4. will4. would5. can5. could6. may6. might練一練用括號中所給動詞的適當形式填空。1. She said I (be) hard-working.2. Peter told me he (be) bored yesterday.3. She said she( go) swimming last Sunday.4. Bobby said

12、he (may) call me later.5. Antonio told me he (read) a book then.答案：1. was 2. was 3. went 4. might 5. was reading 請轉述他人說的話：1. I go to the beach every Saturday. (Tom )2. I can speak three languages. (Lucy )3. I will call you tomorrow. ( Mike )4. I ' m having a surprise party for Lana.(she)if 引導的條件

13、狀語從句結構：if+一般現在時，主語+將來時含義：如果，將要例如： If you ask him, he will help you.如果你請求他，他會幫助你。If need be, we ll work all night.如果需要，我們就干個通宵。練一練根據中文提示，完成句子。1. 如果你參加聚會，你將會過得很開心。If you the party, you .2. 如果明天下雨，我們將不去野餐。If it tomorrow, we .3. 如果你經常聽英文歌，你將會喜歡英語的。If you often , you .答案：1. If you go to the party, you wi

14、ll have a good time2. If it rains tomorrow, we won t go to the picnic3. If you often listen to English songs, you ll like English二 . 完形填空特點及解題思路（一）題型分類與特點完形填空試題是在給出的一篇短文中有目的地拿掉若干個詞，留下一些空格，要求考生借助短文保留的部分，從所給的短文整體出發，在正確理解短文意思的基礎上，根據句子和句子間的內在聯系、詞的用法和習慣搭配等，用適當的詞或詞語填空，使補全后的短文意思通順、 前后連貫、結構完整。這種題型測試的內容從形式上看

15、是單詞或短語的填空，但它必須注意到短文中上、下文意思連貫、詞語搭配和語法結構正確，所以在空格上所填的詞必須符合語義適用和語法正確兩條原則，只考慮某一側面都可能導致錯誤。中考中完形填空試題的基本題型分兩類：完形填空選擇題和完形填空題。1. 完形填空選擇題：該題型的特點是將一篇短文中若干詞語抽掉留下空格，對每一空格提供若干個選擇項，要求考生通讀短文后，在理解短文意思的基礎上，運用所學的詞匯、句型、語法等語言知識，從所提供的備選項中選出一個最佳答案，使短文內容完整正確。中考完形填空主要以這種題型為主。它所給的短文一般與初中英語教材難易程度相當，字數在150 200 個單詞之內，多數設置10 個左右空

16、格，所設考點涉及詞匯、語法及對短文內容的理解。 短文的第一句一般不設空，以期提供一個語境，對每一空格設置的選項基本都屬于相同或對等的詞類，給判定選擇帶來一定的干擾，側重考查了考生準確運用詞匯的能力及對短文的整體理解和邏輯推理能力。2. 選詞填空題：該題型的特點是把抽出的詞打亂順序，不按原文順序排列，放在短文前面或后面的方框內，有時還增加幾個文外的詞，要求考生從中選出適當的詞以正確的形式填入短文空格內。A）Jack wanted to ask for two days off, 1 he had only learnt the phrase (短語) “have a day off” . He

17、2 , then he had an idea. " Grandmother is ill. May I have a day off,3 ?”he asked the teacher. " Of course, you can. " replied (答復)the teacher at once. After a while, the boy came to 4 at the teacher ' s dooay I have a day off 5 ? ” The teacher was very surprised, "Didn' t

18、 you 6 it just now? " "Yes, sir. But I can ' t bh here?ither.” The teacher understood him and could not help 8 . Then he said with a smile, “Why didn ' t you say ' May I have two days off? ' " The boy answered quickly 9 a loud voice. "But youD. foronly 10 us '

19、 have a day off!'"()1. A. butB. andC. or()2. A. thought hardlyB. thought hard and hardC. hard thoughtD. thought and thought()3. A. MissB. sirC. teacherD. Mr()4. A. strikeB. bestC. hitD. knock()5. A. alsoB. againC. tooD. once()6. A. speakB. tellC. sayD. do()7. A. tomorrowB. the day after tom

20、orrowC. yesterdayD. the day before yesterday()8. A. laughB. to laughC. laughedD. laughing()9. A. withB. onC. inD. by()10. A. teachB. taughtC. are teachingD. were teaching(8)請根據內容從所給的15個單詞中選出最恰當的10個填入空白處，使短文完整，有些詞要根據需要作適當的詞形變化。than, so, tell, us, them, report, beause, love, composition, understand, t

21、o, that, much, for, whatA generation gap (代溝)has become a serious problem. I read a(1) about it in the newspaper. Some children have killed (2) after quarrels (爭吵)with parents. I think this is(3) they don ' t have a good talk with eachier. Parents now spend(4) time in the office. (5) they don &#

22、39; t have much time to stay with their children. As time passes, they both feel( 6) they don ' t have the same to pics® to talk about. I want to parents to be more with your children, get to know them and understand them. And for children, show your feeling (8) your parents. They are the people who (9) you. So tell them your thoughts (想法).In this way, you can have a better(10) of each other.完形填空選擇題的一般解題思路是：1 .跳過空格、通讀全文、把握大意。先跳過空格，通讀試題所給的要完形填空的短文， 獲得整體印象，做到弄清文脈、抓住主旨，較好地把握短文大意。要在閱讀理解短文意思的基礎上才開始判定選擇，切忌倉促下筆。2 .結合選項、綜合考慮、初定答案。在理解全文意思