1、2025國家開放大學電大專科大學語文期末試題及答案（試卷號：2452）2025國家開放大學電大專科大學語文期末試題及答案（試卷號：2452） 一、名詞解釋（每題5分，共20分） 1袁枚：1716-1797，字子才，號簡齋。錢塘（今浙江杭州）人。清代詩人、詩論家。乾隆四年(1739)進士，授翰林院庶吉士。 2詩經：為我國第一部詩歌總集，共收錄周初至春秋末葉大約五百年間的詩歌三百零五篇，分為風、雅、頌三大類。“風”是民歌，一百六十篇，因分采于十五個國家和地區，故稱“十五國風”；“雅”為西周京畿樂歌，分為大雅與小雅，一百零五篇；“頌”為廟堂祭祀樂歌，四十篇。它從不同方面反映了社會生活與精神面貌，奠定

2、了我國詩歌的現實傳統。 3柳宗元：773-819，唐代文學家、思想家。參加了以王叔文為代表的新政，失敗后被貶永州司馬，10年后，又左遷柳州刺史，故世稱柳柳州。 4近體詩：古代詩體之一，也稱“今體詩”，指與“古體詩”相對的格律體，為唐宋及后代詩人經常采用。它在詩的字數、句數、平仄、對偶及押韻方面都有嚴格規定。 二、詞語釋義（每詞2分，共10分） 5.“趙盾弒其君”中“弒”是什么意思？ 答：“弒”，古代下殺上，如臣殺君，子殺父，都叫弒。 6.“夫黃雀其小者也，黃鵠因是以”中“因是以”是什么意思？ 答：“因是以”，猶此類。 7.“百姓皆以王為愛也，臣固知王之不忍也”中“固”是什么意思？ 答：“固”，

3、本來。 8“以為莫己若者我之謂也”中“我之謂”是什么意思？ 答：“之，復指提賓。“我之謂”，謂我，即我說的。“謂”指而言之。 9.“長見笑于大方之家”中“見”是什么意思？ 答：“見”，表被動。 三、默寫（本題10分） 10請默寫照醉花陰 薄霧濃云愁永晝，瑞腦銷金獸。佳節又重陽，玉枕紗廚，半夜涼初透。東籬把酒黃昏后，有暗香盈袖。莫道不消魂，簾卷西風，人比黃花瘦。 四、分析p 題（本題15分） 11研讀晉靈公不君中關于組麂一段故事，試分析p 組麂的人物性格。 猶不改。宣子驟諫。公患之，使組魔賊之。晨往，寢門明矣。盛服將朝，尚早，坐而假寐。麂退，嘆而言日：“不忘恭敬，民之主也。賊民之主，不忠；棄君之

4、命，不信。有一于此，不如死也。”觸槐而死。 答：組麂是我國思想道德史上出現較早的“舍生取義”人物。 組魔為什么會被晉靈公選中去殺趙盾？此前是否干過此類事情？不得而知。但是從本文對他的描述上看，他并不是“不忠”、“不信”的殺手，而是品質高尚、有道德，有原則的“義士”。文章第二自然段，從“使組麂賊之”其人物出現，到其“觸槐而死”結束，僅用八九十個字，便使組麂從一個“殺手”轉變為“義士”，完成了性格上飛躍，筆法非常精到。 事實上本文是在“不忠”和“不信”兩難的境地來刻劃組魔這個人物的。 “晉靈公不君”，他也是君。組麂也要聽命，也要守信。趙盾不是君，但也是“主”，而且是“不忘恭敬”的“民之主”，也一定

5、要忠恕。更何況做人要守信義，講原則，明是非。 所以，在“有一于此”選擇時，組麂要用自己的生命換取“忠”“信”，這就是“義”。“舍生取義”乃為大義之人。 這就是本文塑造的為了正義、道義，也為了自己的信仰和原則獻身的大義凜然人物性格。 五、作文（本題45分） 12題目：刷微博 要求： (1)文體不限； (2)800字以上。 范文： 談起微生活，微博應舉為代表。關心身邊的好友親戚，或發表一些個人精辟見解，分享于自己的朋友圈中，對于微博來說都不在話下。然而，我們無法想象的是，微博的最擅長之處在于能把信息在短時間內一傳十，十傳百，如一滴飽墨在宣紙上瞬間化開。 前段時間，雅安地震，刷新微博，滿頁的祝福。一

6、支點亮的蠟燭，火光周圍朦朦朧朧一圈黃、紅或是橙。就是這樣簡單的一幅圖，在我眼里，儼然已經變成了一句句溫暖的祝福。一次一次的轉發，很快聚成一片整齊、跳躍的火光。那一刻，我毫不猶豫地點下“轉發”，默默地又點上一根蠟燭。希望這樣如火爐一樣的溫暖能瞬間融化在一句句真情的祝福里。 然而，神通廣大的微博并不見得就不會犯錯。 一日在微博上看見一篇文章，題目是廣東高考優秀作文被指“瞎編” 5處論據失實，細看文章，頓時來了興趣，通過網絡搜索發現文章錯誤的您在指出其中一處錯誤時說道“默寫杜甫的嗟爾而與之為蹴爾而與之“，我霎時精神起來，這不正是才學過的課文么，可印象中作者不是杜甫啊，于是，在一陣冥思苦想后，終于想起

7、是魚我所欲也一文中的句子。但是卻無論如何也想不出作者是誰，于是我也在網絡上搜索了一番，“原來是孟子啊。”我的表情是說不出的得意洋洋。一陣興奮過后，我自豪地在該文章后面評論“蹴爾而與之出自魚我所欲也，作者是孟子。” 畢竟，文章是人寫的，出現錯誤亦是常有的，萬萬不能人云亦云，需要有質疑之聲。作為發表微博的作者，也須時刻小心。當然，這也只是區區小事，如果一些未經證實的謠言被傳播開來，卻沒有人求證，那樣造成的危害不可謂不大。 有人說，社會在進步，人類在倒退。我并不同意這樣的觀點，誰能說社會的進步不是人類創造的呢?只是，善于創造的人在進步，但是那些每日感嘆時光流逝，嘴邊總掛著“那是別人的事”的人在退步微

8、博也只是社會的一部分，亦是人創造的，我們在正確并恰到好處地享受微博帶給我們的方便、驚喜的同時，需要謹慎小心，切記不能盲目追隨。 看到了太多的生活。試卷代號：1162 中央廣播電視大學2021-2021學年度第一學期“開放本科”期末考試英語(2) 試題2021年1月第一部分交際用語（共計10分，每小題2分）1-5小題：閱讀下面的小對話，從A、B、C、D四個選項中選出一個能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題紙上寫出所選的字母符號。1.Can you help me clear up the me?- A.Tell me who made it B.No trouble at allC.Yes, tha

9、t"ll be all right D.No problem 3.Is it going to be warm ne_t week?- A.Yes, it is B.I don"t believe it C.No, it hasn"t D.It changes all the time 5.15小題：閱讀下面的句子，從A、B、C、D四個選項中選出一個能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題紙上寫出所選的字母符號。6.Unfortunately the poor girl can"t do anything but - .all her belongings at

10、 alow price.A.to sell B.sellingC.sell D.sold 7.They were asked to avoid _any water which had not been boiled.A.drinking B.to drink C.having D.not to be drunk 8.John was bored, _he left his life in England.A.in addition B.so C.however D.furthermore 9.She is very careful.She _very few mistakes in her

11、work.A.does B.takesC.makes D.gets 10.The workers are busy _models for the e_hibition.A.to make B.with makingC.being making D.making 11.- you change your mind, I won"t be able to help you.A.When B.UnleC.While D.So 12.We are going to have our office _to make room for a new engineer.A.to rearrange

12、 B.rearrange C.rearranged D.rearranging 13.Since this road is wet and slippery this morning, it _- last night.A.must rajn B.was raining C.may be raining D.must have rained 14.Do you think Tommy is- the truth? A.sayingB.tellingC.speaking D.talking 15.John fell asleep _he was listening to the music.A.

13、while B.before C.after D.as soon as 第三部分完形填空（每題2分，共20分）16carrots can be made to taste of chocolate andles can be made 18 .Some food that ears the same has been 19 improved, fore_le, fish can be made to grow faster.Should we "be pleased or worried? Will newtechnology bring benefits, or is it abo

14、ut to g0 20 control? Geically engineered foods are produced by taking geic material from one speciesand transferring it 21 another.For e_le, an 6antifreeze" gene which earsnaturally in Arctic fish has been introduced into tomatoes and strawberries 22 they don"t freezein cold weather; a hum

15、an gene has been introduced into pigs to make them 23 morequickly.Some claim great advantages.They point out that crops can be made stronger and moredisease resistant, _24 _pesticides can be reduced.They also maintain that food can bemade more nutritiousor that the fat content can 25 to make it heal

16、thier.16.A.are B.were C.is D.be 17.A.such that B.such as C.so that D.so as 18.A.more red B.much red C.redder D.reder 19.A.scientifically B.science C.scientific D.scientifical 20.A.under B.into C.out D.out of 21.A.for B.to C.out D.into 22.A.such that B.in order to C.so that D.so as to 23.A.grow B.to

17、grow C.grog D.grown 24.A.because B.cause C.result D.so 25.A.be reducing B.be reduced C.reduced D.reducing 第四部分 閱讀理解（共計30分，每小題2分） 26I gue you can put up with a mattre on the floor! 26.This paage is a letter of .A.an informal invitation B.a formal invitation C.thanks D.plaint 27.When Charles writes, &

18、quot;I"m sorry about the lack of warning", he means that he is sorry that _.A: he did not give Bob a warning when Bob was unce in danger B.he is short of money, so he is not able to help Bob C.he should have given Bob a warning when he is in difficulty D.he is not able to write this letter

19、 to Bob earlier 28.Charles and his wife decided to hold the house-warming party9 mainly because A.they decided to have a rest after being busy moving to the new house B.they still had a little money left to afford the party C.the new motorway was open D.they wanted to meet their friends very much 29

20、.From the letter we know that the new house that Charles moved in is B.two hours away from downtown A.very big _ C.in a new housing estate D.easy to find in the map 30.In the sentence "Barbara and l hope that you can make it", the phrase "make it" is used to say that Bob can A.ma

21、nage to attend their party B.find their new house in two hours C.do the trip from Bedford to Flinders D.put up with a mattre on the floor 短文理解2 Cash of all kinds, the French franc, the German mark, and the Italian lira, is bound to disear physically.The paper notes and gold coins may soon bee curiou

22、s collections of the pre-electronic age.Digital money can replace every use of cash money.It is true that electronic money has been around for decades.Each week billions of institutional dollars flow through the Interbank Payment System through telephone wires and satellite links.But in the 21st cen

23、tury, entirely new forms of digital moneywill bee the meansof most personal financial trade.What a great change this will be! Digital credit cards, smart cards, electronic wallets and electronic checks will change our way of life in the 21st century.They are efficient and easy to use.Customers will

24、not take money with them when they go shopping.They will pay their"bills from a smart cell phone or they will buy their coffee by using a digital credit card.How convenient it will be! And how easily people will do their shopping in such a way! With so many changes these days, the Inter will he

25、lp speed up the end of cash.In Europe, some banks have been offering people electronic cash since late last year.Customers can withdraw money from their accounts through the bank"s website and store their ines on their home PCs.As the electronic cash is downloaded, the customers" bank acco

26、unts are recorded.Since customers can use electronic cash to buy things on the Inter, electronic cash will transform the Inter into a global marketplace for everything.It is going to have a very big impact on our lives.The low cost of puter and munications has created a worldwide medium not just for

27、 finance, but also for many other things in our life.The Age of Inter has brought e-businees to our life, which perhaps will form the backbone of our economy.Mom and Pop can go global40小題：閱讀下列短文，并根據短文內容判斷其后的句子是否正確(T)、錯誤(F),還是文字中沒有涉及相關信息(NG)。 閱讀理解3 CETACEANS: FACT FILE There are over 80 species of wh

28、ales, dolphins and porpoises, known collectively as "cetaceans", throughout the world.They e in all shapes and sizes.Here are some facts and figures about these incredible animals.1.Largest The blue whale is the heaviest and Jongest animal on Earth.The average adult length is 25m for males

29、 and 26.2m for females, with body weights of 90-120 tonnes.2.Smallest Hector"s dolphin is the world"s shortest cetacean.They may be only l.2m long when fully grown.3.Largest etite A blue whale eats up t0 4 tonnes of krill daily.This is equivalent to eating a fully grown African elephant ev

30、ery day.4.Deepest Dive The sperm whale is believed to dive deeper than any other cetacean.They have been known todive as deep as 20_m.5.Longest Lived One bowhead whale is reported to have been 130 years old when it died.6.Heaviest Brain The sperm whale has the world"s heaviest brain which can w

31、eigh up t0 9.2kg.This pares with the average l.4kg for the brain of an adult human.7.Most Endangered The baiji dolphin, or Chinese river dolphin, is the rarest dolphin in the world and isreported to be endangered.It lives in the Yangtze River in China.Conservation measures arebeing taken by the Chin

32、ese to save it.Questions 36-40: 36.Hector"s dolphin is the smallest fish in the world.37.Blue whales eat as much as an African elephant does every day.38.Some whales can live for as long as 130 years.39.Whales are cleverer than humans.40.The brain of a sperm whale can be over 6 times heavier than a human one.第五部分書