1、淺析中美家庭教育的差異 an analysis of the differences of family education between ch ina and americaabstractchildren are the hope of a nation, and family education is the elementary education for c hildren many serious problems have appeared in our education system in recent years al most everyone has realized

2、 the importance of solving these problems and many people ha ve presented a lot of valuable suggestions there are many types of family education in t he world and each of them shows distinctive features and is closely responsive to its cult ure. and american family education is the most famous one a

3、mong them there are great differences in the concepts of education, methods of education and results of education b etween american family education and chinese family education. this paper will analyze those differences from the three aspects, and will mainly analyze of the differences on cul tivat

4、ing children's independence, interests, creativity, psychological health, fame and the rel ationship with their parents between the two kinds of family education. the author hopes to find a satisfied family education method through comparing the differences between am erican family education and

5、 chinese family educatioru at the same time, the author hopes this paper can provide some helpful suggestions for family education.key wordsfamily education; independence; interest; differences摘要兒童是一個國家的希望，家庭教育是兒童教育的基礎。近年來，我們的教育出了很多嚴重的 問題。幾乎每一個人都認識到了解決這些問題的重要性，并提出了很多有價值的見解。世界 上有很多類型的家庭教育，并且各自都有其鮮明和獨

6、特的特點，反映了其獨特的文化。而這 些類型的家庭教育中，尤其以美國的家庭教育最能代表西方主流文化。中美家庭教育在育兒 觀、教育方式和教育結果方面都有所不同。本文將從這三方面來對比中美家庭教育，重點分 析兩種教育方式在培養孩子的獨立性、興趣、創造力、心理健康、名利觀以及與父母關系方 血的差異。通過比較中美家庭教育，作者希望能找到一種比較科學優良的家庭教育方式，進 而為我們的家庭教育提供有利的幫助。關鍵詞家庭教育；獨立性；興趣；差異introduction"children are the expectation of their parents and the hope of a na

7、tion. family education is not only an important component of education but also the first lesson to a child, whic h will be remembered forever. (zhao zhongxin, pl, 1991) family education has a direct influence on the qualities of talents. in the 21st century, international competition is beco ming f

8、iercer. and it is a competition for talents fundamentally. thus, each country should pay more attention to family education in the education projects. the issue has been bee oming a hot topic in our country, and it aroused great concern of our government and all walks of society, in particular the e

9、ducation sector. however, many people think that sch ools and universities have the main responsibility for these problems which appeared in ed ucation in recent years. schools and universities are to be blamed, but their parents are m ore to be blamed. "if the love of the good, the beauty and

10、the truth had been implanted properly in their mind in early years, if they had been trained to use their minds at the v ery beginning, they would not live so foolishly. (karl weter. p5, 2002) in order to find a better way to educate our children, we should study other countries' experiences. th

11、ere are many types of family education in the world, and american family education is the m ost famous one so it is necessary and significant to make a comparison of the difference s of family education between america and china. this paper is to comparing chinese fa mily education and american fami

12、ly education superficially, which may offer some lessons to family education.l two conceptions of family educationa. american family educationin america, parentsaims are to train their children to have the ability of adapting to env ironmental variety and the ability of living independenhy. based on

13、 this concept, most am erican parents emphasize more to train their children's ability of independence once they a re bom. they generally believe that children growth must rely on their own experiences, because they think that children should form a self-supporting will and the capacity to li ve

14、 independently since their childhood and the capacity comes from the training in the e arly age. the so-called training contains many aspects, such as work, temper will, patience, the spirit of hard work, etc. however，the most fundamental training is the ability of ada pting to hard conditions. thro

15、ugh the process of work, children will form the labor sense,learn some work skills and form a habit of lab or. besides, children can learn how to ov ercome difficulties, temper their willpower, develop their talents and skills, rich their know ledge, and form a habit of hard work and thrifty by work

16、ing in hard conditions it is just in the unconsciously process that children will obtain the independent survivability and ta ke the responsibilities for the society.b. chinese family educationcompared with american, chinese parents have a very different concept of children educ ation. some parents

17、in china only care about whether the children have a promising futur e, a good job, a good life or not. based on these expectations, the majority of parents fe el that their responsibility for their children is to create as good conditions as possible the y can so that the children will not worry ab

18、out anything in the futurethirdly, american parents have stringent requirements and regulations on children's pocket money, although their economic conditions are better than the majority of chinese familie s. the principle, how much money they should give their children as pocket money depen ds

19、 on children ages and actual demands and the income of the family. what american parents do is to cultivate children's awareness of frugality. moreover they do not award t heir children by giving them pocket money, and they let their children understand that the purpose of study is to help them

20、to become a valuable person in the future. according t o a survey, it is found that "about 54 percent young students have no pocket money in america, and there are fewer chances to get money from their parents as their ages incre ase. it is also found that 68 percent american students earn pock

21、et money through doing part-time job in their spare time：(tin jennifer, p51, 2005) rockefeller was one of the ric hest men in the united states and the first man earned one billion dollars in the world, b ut his children have little pocket money according to the regulations which printed on the titl

22、e page in his family book. “the pocket money of the 7-8years old children is 30 cent s per week; that of the ll-12years old children is one dollar per week; that of the over 1 2 years old is three dollars per week the most important thing is that the children were asked to record eveiy expenditure i

23、f the account is clear and their expenditure is used fo r legitimate purpose, they will receive additional 5 cents in the next week rockefeller sai d: 'too much wealth will bring disaster to their generation/ m (james dobson, pl75, 2004)his words contains a profound philosophy, it is worth of th

24、inking carefully.2. the cultivation of children's independence in chinacompared with american parents, chinese parents hold a very different attitude toward ch ildrens independence in china, most parents require their children to be obedient to them.on one hand, most of chinese people hold the i

25、dea that there should always be a law i n a certain community. that is the reason why almost every chinese family has its law b oth as an illustration and an evidence of the education of children. the law might be eith er formally written down on papers or announced orally the law will be used to gi

26、ve in structions to the children who have done something wrong apparently, this is very helpfu i for children, but in fact, it is unfavorable to cultivate children's ability of living indepen dence because there are so many restricts in their lives that they have no chances to lear n from the da

27、ily life. on the other hand, because of the influence of traditional culture, o ne should respect his parents absolutely in most cases so, many parents do not concern t heir kids' feeling, because they think that what they do for their children is just their chil drens needs it is well known tha

28、t in the later of last century, for the sake of sustainable and harmonious development, our country has carried out the one child policy as family planning, for this reason there's an increasing number of families with one child, and chi nese children, since long ago, have been considered as the

29、 apple in their parentseyes ba sed on the above reasons, parents tend to over-indulge their children in a surprising way t hat seems absurd to westerns. it is not surprising to see that chinese parents always try t o do almost everything for their children, such as helping them to washing, cooking m

30、eals, bathing, etc. in short, many chinese parents, especially the parents with one child, arrang e and decide everything for their children or even become the substitution of their childre n almost in all aspects of life. therefore, the children have no chances to experience and contact with the so

31、ciety. the serious consequenee is that many children cannot do these t hings what they should do in their age for instance, the three-year-old children cannot w ear by themselves, the six-year-old children cannot tie their own shoes. “in the city, the p rimary school students need their parents to a

32、ccompany with them to go to school and go home, and they let their parents take bags for them; many middle school students cannot wash their own clothes; the most serious thing is that many university students need thei r parents to accompany them to enroll at the first year： (qi xin, p5& 2005)

33、in a word, many parents finish eveiything for their childrerubesides, they protect their children excessively in social activities. many parents fear that their children will face a lot of difficulties or become bad boys in the society; they alway s reduce their children's chances to contact wit

34、h society or do not let them go to the outs ide alone. once there is a dispute or an unpleasant thing happened between their children, they usually do not like to learn the truth but only accuse others that makes the disput e into a seriously conflict or a dispute among parents. these parents always

35、 are proud of what they did for their children, because they think that they have safeguarded the intere sts of their children. but, in fact, they do not realized that what they did for their kids h ave a negative effect on the children growth because these behaviors have deprived of t heir children

36、 right and opportunities to experience the life what they should learn in the early age. and they maybe have no chances to learn how to distinguish between right a nd wrongat last, they are always laissez-faire to their children on economy. many chinese parents are obedient to their children's a

37、ny requirements on economy. both rich families and poor families are likely to fulfill their children's requirements without preconditions, because th ey hope their children have a superior sense when compared with others in material condi tions. they save money from each expenditure or borrow f

38、rom others to meet their kids' demands the serious result of these parents9 behaviors is that children can not understand the difficulties of life and do not know why they should save. the worst consequence is that many children do not like to do their own work, but ask others to do it for them

39、b y the means of giving others money. we can see this kind of phenomenon here and there in our daily life. this is the direct consequence of the laissez-faire on economy.b. differences in the cultivation of children's intereststhe attitude on children's interest is also very different betwee

40、n american and chinese.in the united states, children are encouraged and induced to developing their interest and do the things what they are interested in. american parents will not prevent their childre n from doing what they like to do, and will not they enforce their children to do what th ey do

41、 not like either. for instance, jefferson, a fifteenyear-old child of a common family, likes to play basketball, hi wanted to make him become a lawyer, blit he became interest ed in playing ball when he was young we donft like him to give up his study, but after a long talk with him, i felt that he

42、had his own idea of life, perhaps he should become independent, and so i gave up my mind?5 ()his father said maybe at the beginning the parents have requirements for their children, but at last their own choices ar e the most important, in the united states.but in china, many parents never consider

43、or respect their children's interests. because of historical and traditional reason, almost everyone thinks that scholars should be respected without any doubts and have high status in the society. so they pay great attention on t heir children studies because they believe that knowledge can cha

44、nge ones fate. in fact, scholars are respected by people in most time. hence, the parents hope that their children can obtain the same honor like the scholars in the future without thinking carefully and researching, we can conclude from practices in daily life that some chinese parents, if n ot man

45、y, have been strangling their children's interests in a way that is elusive to americ an. to be concrete, under the current chinese family education, most children are arrange d with assorted extracurricular classes where they are taught to learn playing piano, drawi ng, singing, etc., partly be

46、cause parents wish their children to develop in all-round way an d have a head-start in studies than other childreru the fact, however, is that children may show the least interest in these classes that seem dull and boring in their minds. in this way, children are deprived of the freedom to dip int

47、o things what they are interested in a nd children are bereft of ebullience and creativity in studying. we also can find that chin ese parents do not care about children's interests from a survey according to the survey made by women's federation of tangshan municipal, in hebei province, we

48、find that "ab out 10 percents parents absolutely agree that eveiything is not important if their children s tudy well. and most parents agree this view thoroughly. there is only 27 percents of par ents do not think so. as for the other opinions, that the children have a healthy body and a good

49、spirit is more important than study well, only 5 percents of parents agree with it completely, but there are more than 32 percents of parents said they don't agree with it completely. (qi xin, p96, 2005) all of these reflect that most chinese parents are more concern about children's study t

50、han their interests- in other words, most chinese parents d o not care about their children's interestc. differences in the cultivation of children's creativityas for cultivating children's creativity, there are also great differences between china and america. american parents encourage

51、 their children to innovate and surpass their predeces sors in all fields. they think that children, like adults, have the in dependent ability of stu dy, and they hold a tolerant attitude to their children's creativity. they encourage children to explore and provide very different views on some

52、 problems and let children solve the se problems through their own efforts- even if children cannot get a positive effect, the p arents would not to interfere their children's work; instead, they would let their children t o aware of the problems gradually in the process of developing and then c

53、orrect their faul ts by themselveschinese parents are always just satisfied with their children to imitate others. they always hold a negative attitude on children's exploration activities, and these activities are alway s stopped by their parents. for example, the children who demolished an ala

54、rm clock in t he united states families will not be blamed by their parents sometimes, they will work with their children to repair the clock when the children cannot do it. they will even enc ourage children to demolish the clock again and reinstall it. (tin jennifer, p97, 2005) but, if the same th

55、ings happened in chinese families there would nobody dares to tell their p arents what they did even though they have installed it back the children's creativity is usually mined by their parents5 strict supervision in the early age.d. differences in the cultivation of children's psychologic

56、al healthpsychological studies have shown that the psychological health is very important for the c hildren's growth and the shaping of healthy personality. american parents pay much attenti on to cultivate children's psychological health. and they are willing to exchange their tho ughts wit

57、h children. happy education is considered as an important and necessary compon ent of education. children are respected by their parents, so, they like to tell their feeling s and thoughts to their parents. what american parents did is very favorable for parents a nd children to learn each other.how

58、ever, many chinese parents' behaviors are the opposite of american parents in daily life, they only care about children's physical needs and do not like to cultivate child's psy chological health and temper child's will because they think physical health is more impor tant than psych

59、ological health. the serious result is that many children cannot face the dif ficulties in the daily life. they may be frustrated, decadent, self-destructive, even run awa y from home when they meet some setbacks. such incidents are frequently reported by m edia in recent years, and we can find some

60、 evidences that it is caused by low quality fa mily education and low level of psychological health in another word, this is the result o f parents neglect to cultivate children's psychological healthe. differences in the cultivation of children's famein addition to the above all, there are differences on children's fame between china and amer