LegalSystemonInternationalInvestmentRegulationSection1AnOverviewoftheLegalSystemonInternationalInvestmentRegulation1.Concepts(1)Publicint.lawontheprotection,promotionandregulationoftransnationalinvestments,(2)NationaladministrativelawsthatregulateFDIs,orthatprotectinvestorsofhomecountrywithregardtotheiroverseasinvestments.2.LegalSourcesofInternationalInvestmentAdministration(1)lawandregulationsdevelopedbycapitalimportingcountriesforthepurposeofpromotingandregulatingFDIs(2)thosedevelopedbycapitalexportingcountriesforthepurposeofprotectingtheirdomesticinvestorsoftheiroverseasinvestments.3.BilateralorMultilateralAgreementsonInternationalInvestmentSection2LegalSystemofCapitalImportingCountriesonFDIRegulationandProtectionIncludes:(1)Substantivelawsandregulationsabouttreatmentandprotectionofforeigninvestors,(2)Substantivelawsandregulationsaboutmarketaccessandregulationofforeigninvestment(3)Procedurallawsandregulationsthatgovernreviewandapprovalofforeigninvestmentandresolutionofinvestmentdisputes(constitutionalprovisionsonpropertyrightsofforeigninvestors,butalsocoveringregulationsofothernature,pluslitigationlawsandregulationssuchascivilandadministrativeprocedurallaws.)Section3LegalSystemofCapitalExportingCountriesonFDIRegulationandProtection1.MeasuresEncouragingOverseasInvestment(1)PreferentialTaxTreatment;(2)Measuresencouragingcorporatefinancing;(3)ProvisionofrelevantinformationonInvestment;(4)TechnicalAssistanceMeasures2.ManagementMeasuresforOverseasInvestmentToensurethatprivateoverseasinvestmentmatchesthenationalinterestsofthehomecountry.3.LegalSystemRelatedtotheInsuranceofOverseasInvestmentsTheundertakingofnon-commercialrisksrelatedtoUSoverseasinvestmentbyagovernment-run“OverseasPrivateInvestmentCorporation〞.4.China’sRegulationandProtectionofOverseasInvestmentSection4InternationalLawforPromotionandProtectionofFDIs1.BilateralInvestmentTreaties1.1EvolutionandDevelopmentTrends(1)gettingridofthetraditionalasset-baseddefinition(2)clearerinprovidingforobligationsforthecontractingpartiesandidentifyingthestandardsforviolationoftheseobligations;(3)leavemorepolicyspaceforthehostcountrytoimplementinvestmentregulationinthenameofnewpublicpolicy;(4)innovatewaystosettledisputesbetweentheinvestorandthehostcountry.3.4MembershipStructure3.5TheStructureofCapitalStocksandDivisionofVotingRightwithintheMIGA3.6BusinessoftheMIGAInvestmentguarantee,investmentpromotion3.6.1TypesofInsurance(1)RiskoncurrencyTransfer;(2)Riskonexpropriationorsimilarmeasures;(3)Riskonbreachofcontract;(4)Riskonwarandcivildisturbance;and(5)Othernon-commercialrisksandexceptions3.6.2Eligibleinvestors3.6.4ExerciseoftheRightofSubrogationConfinedtothescopeoftreatmentsenjoyedbytheoriginalinvestor,exemptedfromforeignexchangecontrolandrestrictionimplementedwithintheterritoryofthehostcountrybutunabletoenjoyexemptionavailabletoMIGApropertiesandassets.3.6.5Investmentpromotion3.7TheRoleoftheMIGAAglobalint.org.andhasplayedanimportantroleinpromotinginternationalinvestment,especiallytheflowofforeignprivateproductioncapitalintodevelopingcountriesandthedevelopmentoftheinternationalinvestmentlaw.5.InternationalDisciplinesoftheWTOonInvestment5.1TRIMsMandatorymeasuresthatrestrictforeigninvestmentcloselyrelatedtoint.tradeandconstrainorexertnegativeimpactsonint.trade.Article2.1ofTRIMSexplicitlyprovidesthat“withoutprejudicetootherrightsandobligationsunderGATT1994,noMembershallapplyanytrade-relatedinvestmentmeasuresthatisinconsistentwiththeprovisionsofArticle3orArticle11ofGATT1994.〞5.2GATSMarketAccess&NationalTreatment與第3條不符的TRIMs〔形式上〕據國內法或行政命令是強制性或可執行的，或者為獲取優勢有必要遵循的措施〔非強制性但遵守可獲利益的措施〕〔內容上〕要求企業購置或使用當地生產的或來自于當地的產品，包括特定的產品、產品數量或價值，在當地生產一定比例的產品數量或價值限量購置或使用進口產品的數量，該數量與企業出口當地產品的數量或價值相聯系二、效勞貿易總協定一個框架性協議應結合具體部門的附件規那么和減讓表來確定每一成員的權利義務同時又是通過周期性談判不斷自由化而確定新的權利義務的框架形式或類型市場準入承諾國民待遇承諾表現形式各國開放哪些具體部門、開放程度如何，都規定在效勞貿易減讓表中。減讓表結構整體上分為兩大局部第一局部為水平承諾〔horizontalcommitments〕，適用于所有部門(是12個效勞貿易部門都要遵守的共同承諾)第二局部為部門承諾〔sector-specificcommitments〕，適用于具體部門。一般包括四欄：部門、市場準入、國民待遇、其他承諾效勞貿易具體承諾減讓表示意圖效勞提供方式：〔1〕〔2〕〔3〕〔4〕部門市場準入限制國民待遇限制其他承諾一、水平承諾XX部門(3)合資形式(3)不作承諾二、具體承諾A專業服務(1)無限制(2)無限制(3)只能在北京設律師所(4)除水平承諾外，不承諾(1)無限制(2)無限制(3)不得雇傭中國注冊律師(4)除水平承諾外，不作承諾A法律服務（）不含中國法律業務市場準入承諾對于通過四種效勞貿易方式提供的市場準入，每個成員給予其他成員的效勞和效勞提供者的待遇，不得低于其在承諾表中同意和明確規定的條款、限制和條件。

市場準入的6種原那么性限制在作出市場準入承諾的部門，除非在承諾中明確規定，不得限制效勞者人數numberofservicesuppliers效勞價值totalvalueofservicetransactionsorassets業務量totalnumberofserviceoperationsortotalquantityofserviceoutput被雇傭人數totalnumberofnaturalpersons法律實體形式typesoflegalentityorjointventure外資持股比例participationofforeigncapi