Unit3Languageinuse.TheattributiveclauseTheattributiveclause定語從句定語從句概念:在復合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子.(Attributiveclause)Maryisabeautiful

girl.Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.形容詞作定語句子作定語,修飾girl,叫做定語從句先行詞關系詞定語從句Maryisagirlwho

haslonghair.關系代詞關系副詞which,who,whom,whose,thatWhere,when,whyMaryisagirl.Maryhaslonghair.合并為一個句子Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.關系詞作用1.代替先行詞;2.它還在定語從句中擔任一定的成分;3.同時連接先行詞與它引導的定語從句。（把主句和從句連起來）關系代詞在定語從句中代替主句中的先行詞，所以它在一般情況下都跟在先行詞之后，而且它的人稱、數必須和先行詞一致。1.who指人,作主語或賓語(作賓語可省略）2.whom指人,作賓語(作賓語可省略)Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtoisMr.Li.AmyWhichbabyisAmy?戴帽子的嬰兒是Amy.ThebabywhoiswearingahatisAmy.whose

作定語從句的定語.

Iknowthegirlwhose

motherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl’smotherisateacher.作定語3.whose是代詞的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。

4.that

可以作定語從句的主語和賓語.注意:

關系代詞作動詞賓語時可省略.

Thewoman(whom/that/who)theywantedtovisitisateacher.5.which指物，作主語或賓語(作賓語可省略)myappleTheapplethat/whichisredismine.Theapplewhich/thatissmallismineIlikethatapplewhich/that/Xisred.（賓語）

關系詞判斷步驟:

首先，要看先行詞。如果先行詞是指人,關系代詞可用

who,that,whom,whose。如果先行詞指物,關系代詞可用which或that;

然后，要確定關系詞在從句中的成分。請看下表先行詞

主語

賓語

所有格

人who,thatwho(m),that，xwhose

物which,thatwhich,thatwhose

注意：定語從句謂語動詞和先行詞一致.

注:定語從句的時態不受主句的限制。Thewoman

who/that

spokeatthemeetingyesterday

is

my

mother.(主句)Thewomanismymother.(敘述客觀事實用一般現在時)(從句)Thewoman(who/that)spokeatthemeetingyesterday.(句中yesterday表示過去時間)先行詞前有theonly，thevery，thesame，thelast等詞修飾時，只能用that。例如：ThisisthesamebikethatIlost.以who或which引導的特殊疑問句，為避免重復，只能用that。例如：Whoisthegirlthatiscrying？

定語從句中其他需注意事項先行詞是物，關系詞只能用that,而不宜用which的情況1.從句所修飾的詞又被形容詞最高級或序數詞修飾時

Thisisthemostinterestingstory(that)Ihaveeverheard.Thefirstmeeting(that)wewilltakepartinwillbeheldintheafternoon.

3.先行詞既有人也有物時,只能用thatIcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures(that)Isee.4.先行詞是oneof,theone,或用little,much,few,no,all,some,any,theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast作修飾時

Isittheonethatyouwant?

Ihaven’tgotmuchthatIcanofferyou.

5.當主句已有疑問詞who或which時，用thatWhoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting?acouchpotatolovestoplayorwatchabookwormlikesreadingverymuchasportsfan