目錄

主題：人與自然-環境保護.......................................................................2

必彳修2Unit2WildlifeProtection.............................................................................................................................2

ADayintheCloud....................................................................................................................................................2

GiveUglyaChance!................................................................................................................................................2

Don'tMakePaperwithMyHome!..........................................................................................................................2

譯文：................................................................................3

詞匯翻譯訓練：.......................................................................3

名校模擬試題閱讀.........................................................................7

01研究北極熊棲息地...................................................................7

02小貓杰克的故事.....................................................................9

真題閱讀.................................................................................10

01會識別形狀的鳳頭鸚鵡.............................................................10

02有關狗的研究.....................................................................12

主題寫作訓練一一人與環境，人與動物.....................................................13

01保護野生瀕危動物..................................................................13

02倡議關愛珠峰環境..................................................................14

03動物瀕臨滅絕的調查報告...........................................................15

04咨詢大熊貓情況....................................................................16

主題：人與自然-環境保護

必修2Unit2WildlifeProtection

ADayintheCloud

Theairisthinandwehavetorestseveraltimesontheshorthikefromcamp.Toourleft,snow-covered

mountainsdisappearintocloudsthatseemalmostcloseenoughtotouch.Ontheplaininfrontofus,wecanjust

makeoutaherdofgracefulanimals.Thisiswhywe'rehere-toobserveTibetanantelopes.

TibetanantelopesliveontheplainsofTibet,Xinjiang,andQinghai.Watchingthemmoveslowlyacrossthe

greengrass.Tmstruckbytheirbeauty.Tmalsoremindedofthedangertheyarein.Theyarebeinghunted,illegally,

fortheirvaluablefur.

MyguideisZhaxi,avillagefromChangtang.HeworksattheChangtangNationalNatureReserve.Thereserve

isashelterfortheanimalsandplantsofnorthwesternTibet.ToZhaxi,thelandissacredandprotectingthewildlife

isawayoflifb."We'renottryingtosavetheanimals,hesays."Actually,we'retryingtosaveourselves.^^

The1980sand1990swerebadtimesfortheTibetanantelope.Thepopulationdroppedbymorethan50percent.

Hunterswereshootingantelopestomakeprofits.Theirhabitatswerebecomingsmallerasnewroadsandrailways

werebuilt.

Inordertosavethisspeciesfromextinction,theChinesegovernmentplaceditundernationalprotection.Zhaxi

andothervolunteerswatchedovertheantelopesdayandnighttokeepthemsafefromattacks.Bridgesandgates

wereaddedtolettheantelopesmoveeasilyandkeepthemsafefromcarsandtrains.

Themeasureswereeffective.TheantelopepopulationhasrecoveredandinJune2015,theTibetanantelope

wasremovedfromtheendangeredspecieslist.Thegovernment,however,doesnotintendtostoptheprotection

programmes,sincethethreatstotheTibetanantelopehavenotyetdisappeared.

Intheevening,Idrinkacupofteaandwatchthestars.IthinkabouttheantelopesandwhatZhaxitoldme.

Muchisbeingdonetoprotectwildlife,butifwereallywanttosavetheplanet,wemustchangeourwayoflife.

Onlywhenwelearntoexistinharmonywithnaturecanwestopbeingathreattowildlifeandtoourplanet.

GiveUglyaChance!

Whenitcomestowildlifeprotection,allspecies—thegood,thebad,andtheugly-shouldbetreatedequally.

Pandas,dolphins,andothercutewildlifeareimportant,butwemustpayattentiontolesscuteanimals,too.The

worldneedsallkinds——withoutvariety,ourplanetcannotsurvive.Soifyouwantthefuturetobebeautiful,you

havetogiveuglyachance.

Don'tMakePaperwithMyHome!

Billionsoftreesarebeingcutdowneveryyeartomakepaperforhumans.Everytreethatiscutdownisapart

ofthehabitatofanimalssuchasthesekoalas.Inthiswayalotofanimalhomesarebeingdestroyed!Isitrightto

makeanimalshomelesssothathumanscanhavemorepaper?

譯文：

在云間度過的一天

由于空氣稀薄，在離開營地的短途徒步旅行中，我們不得不多次休息。在我們的左方，白雪皚皚的群

山消失在似乎觸手可及的云層中。放眼平原，我們隱約看到一群體形優美的動物。這就是我們來到此地的

原因——觀察藏羚羊。

藏羚羊生活在西藏、新疆和青海的平原上。看著它們（藏羚羊）緩緩穿過綠色的草地，我被其美麗所

震撼，也想到了藏羚羊所處的險境。因其珍貴的羊毛，它們（藏羚羊）正遭受非法獵殺。

我的向導扎西是一位來自羌塘的村民。扎西在羌塘國家自然保護區工作。該保護區是西藏西北部動

植物的庇護所。對扎西來說，這片土地是神圣的，保護野生動物是一種生活方式。“我們不是在試圖拯救

動物。”他說道，“事實上，我們是在努力拯救自己。”

對藏羚羊來說，二十世紀八九十年代是一個悲慘的時代。藏羚羊數量減少了50%以上。獵人們為了

謀利而射殺它們。隨著新公路和鐵路的修建，藏羚羊的棲息地也不斷縮小。

為了使這一物種免遭滅絕，中國政府將其置于國家保護之下。扎西和其他志愿者日夜看護著藏羚羊，

保護它們免受攻擊。新增的一些橋梁和涵洞，便于藏羚羊自由穿行，防止它們撞上汽車和火車.

這些措施效果明顯。臧羚羊數量已經恢復。2015年6月，藏羚羊從瀕危物種名單中刪除。然而，政

府并沒有打算停止這些保護項目，因為對藏羚羊的威脅依然存在。

夜晚時分，我喝著茶，仰望星空。心里想起藏羚羊以及扎西對我說的那番話。在野生動物保護方面盡

管我們正在做大量工作，但是，如果真想拯救地球，就必須改變我們自己的生活方式。只有學會和自然和

睦共處，我們才不會成為野生生物和地球的威脅。

給難看的動物一個機會！

談到野生動物保護，所有的物種——好的、壞的、丑的——都應該得到平等的對待。熊貓、海豚以及

其他可愛的野生動物固然很重要，但是我們也要關注那些不怎么可愛的動物。世界需要萬物——沒有多

樣性，我們的星球就無法生存。因此，如果你想讓未來變得美麗，你得給不好看的動物一個機會。

不要用我的家來造紙！

每年，數十億棵樹木遭到砍伐，用于人類造紙。每棵被砍伐的樹木都是諸如考拉等動物棲息地的一部

分。砍樹造紙摧毀了眾多動物的家園！為了讓人類有更多的紙張，就讓動物無家可歸，這樣做對嗎？

詞匯翻譯訓練：

1.reserve/n'z3：v/n.（動植物）保護區；儲藏（量）；vt.預訂；預留；保留

請翻譯：

第三，未經許可，不得進入保護區內爬山。

Thirdly,youcan'tgoinsidethereservetoclimbthemountainswithoutpermission.

2.observe/ab'z3：v/vt.觀察（至（I）；注視；遵守

請翻譯：

然而，不管不習慣的人有多不習慣，他們都必須遵守新規定。

Nevertheless,howeverunaccustomedpeoplemayfeel,theymustobservethenewregulation.

3.remind/'nmaind/vt.提醒；使想起

remindsbofsb/sth使某人想起(類似的人或物)

請翻譯：

再者，讓我們互相提醒，要經常清理盤子或把剩菜打包回家。

Furthermore,let5sremindeachothertocleartheplateallthetimeorpackleftovershome.

4.shoot/fu:t/vt.&vi.(shot,shot)射殺；射傷；發射

請翻譯：

來自109個國家的9000多名軍事運動員參加了射擊、游泳、籃球等329個項目的比賽。

Morethan9,000militaryathletesfrom109countriescametocompetein329eventslikeshooting,swimming,

basketballandsoon.

5.profit/profit/n.利洞；利益

請翻譯：

其次，一些人為了高利潤非法捕獵野生動物，因此，許多野生動物正處于瀕危狀態。

Secondly,somepeopleillegallyhuntwildanimalsjustforhighprofit,therefore,manywildanimalsbeing

endangered.

6.dayandnight/deisendnait/日日夜夜；夜以繼日

請翻譯：

盡管危險，鐘南山日夜努力治療非典患者。

Dangerousasitwas,ZhongNanshanworkedharddayandnighttreatingSARSpatients.

7.attack/n't史k/n.,vi.&vt.攻擊；抨擊

請翻譯：

此外，定期鍛煉很重要，因為它可以鍛煉身體，預防疾病侵襲。

Besides,itisimportanttotakeregularexercise,becauseitcanbuildyourbodyandpreventdiseasesattackingyou.

8.effective/ifcktiv/adj.有效的；生效的

請翻譯：

這個游戲既有趣又有效。

Thegamesarefunandeffective.

9.intend/in'Und/vi.&vt.打算；計劃；想要

請翻譯：

我們學校將開設勞動課程，旨在提高學生的勞動意識，幫助他們養成良好的勞動習慣。

Thelaborcourseswillbestartedinourschool,whichisintendedtoimprovestudents5awarenessoflabour

andhelpformagoodhabit.

10.threat/0ret/n.威脅

threaten/'Oretn/vt.威脅；危及

請翻譯：

隨著夏季的臨近，我市不時會出現臺風，臺風經常帶來狂風暴雨，威脅我們的生命。

Withsummerdrawingnear,typhoonshappennowandtheninourcity,whichoftenbringviolentwindandheavy

rain,threateningourlives.

11.exist/ig'zist/vi.存在;生存

請翻譯：

周一下午，我們參加了一場關于生命是否可以在其他行星上存在的講座。

OnMondayafternoon,weattendedalectureaboutwhetherlifecanexistonotherplanets.

12.harmony/ha:moni/n.和諧；融治

請翻譯：

事實上，我們不僅獲得了迷人的風景，還享受了人與自然的和諧。

Actually,notonlyhavewebeenrewardedwithfascinatingscenery,butalsowehaveenjoyedthehannonybetween

humanbeingsandnature.

13.reduce/n'dju:s/vt.減少

請翻譯：

此外，為什么不舉辦一些有意義的活動，比如向貧困地區的兒童捐贈學生的二手書，這樣可以大大降低資

源浪費的程度。

Also,whynotholdmeaningfulactivitieslikedonatingsecond-handbooksfromstudentsfbrthechildreninpoverty-

strickenareas,whichcangreatlyreducethedegreetowhichresourcesarewasted.

14.due/djui/adj.由于；因為

dueto/dju:tu:/由于；因為

請翻譯：

我很遺憾地獲悉，由于疫情，您長期無法回國。

Iamsorrytolearnthatyouhavebeenunabletoreturnyourcountryfbralongtimeduetotheepidemic.

15.stir/st3：/vt.激發；攪動

stirup/st3：rAp/激起

請翻譯：

作為一個像你一樣的太空愛好者，我真的迫不及待地想和你分享一個最激動人心的消息：中國的神舟

十二號宇宙飛船于上午9點22分成功發射升空。北京時間2021年6月17日。

Asaspaceenthusiastlikeyou,Ireallycan'twaittosharewithyouamoststirringnewsthatChina'sShenzhou

XIIspacecraftwaslaunchedintospacesuccessfullyat9:22am.,June17,2021Beijingtime.

16.emotion/imaojan/n.感情；情感；情緒

請翻譯：

看著三代人的作品，我感慨萬千。

Lookingattheworkofthreegenerations,Iamfilledwithemotion.

17.extinct/iks'tiijkt/adj.已滅絕的

extinction/iks'tigkfan/n.滅絕

請翻譯：

如你所知，在過去的幾十年里，野生動物數量急劇減少，有些甚至瀕臨滅絕。

Asyouknow,thepastseveraldecadeshavewitnessedthedramaticdecreaseofwildanimals,someevenbeingin

dangerofextinction.

18.aware/o'wea/adj.知道；發覺；有..意識的

awareof/o'wearnv/意識到；知道

請翻譯：

我們應該提高責任感和道路安全意識。

Weshouldraiseoursenseofresponsibilityandroadsafetyawareness.

19.concern/kons3：n/vt.涉及；讓…擔憂

concerned/knn's3：nd/adj.擔心的；關切的

concernedabout對...關切的；為....擔憂的

請翻譯：

感謝您對我的學校教育的關注，現在我寫信告訴您我在最后一學年的計劃。

Thankyouforyourconcernaboutmyschooling,andnowI'mwritingtotellyousomethingaboutmyplansinthe

finalacademicyear.

20.adapt/o'djept/vi.適應；vt.使適應；使適合

adaptto/s'daepttu:/適應

請翻譯：

所有的學生都沉浸在比賽的準備中，他們不遺余力地改編音樂，進行舞臺設計，并在鋼琴伴奏下排練。

Alltheclasses,immersedinthepreparationforthecompetition,wenttogreatlengthstoadaptthemusic,conduct

thestagedesignandrehearsetothepianoaccompaniment.

21.pressure/'prcjo/n.壓力；要求

underpressure/'Andsprej's/在壓力下；承受壓力

請翻譯：

為了幫助學生正確應對壓力，我們學校將邀請北京大學的陳博士在學校禮堂進行講座。

Inordertohelpthestudentscopewithpressureproperly,ourschoolwillinviteDr.ChenfromPekingUniversityto

givealectureonitintheschoolhall.

名校模擬試題閱讀

01研究北極熊棲息地

Mr.Paganoiswatchingavideoofapolarbearswimmingafteraseal.Thesealescapes!Thebearmeetsanother

bear.Theysniffateachotherandthengoseparateways.Whatmakesthisvideosounusualisthatit'sfromthepoint

ofviewofthepolarbear.Acamerawaspreviouslyputaroundthebear'sneckbyMr.Pagano'sresearchteamwith

theaimtofindoutwhatpolarbearswillneedtosurviveintheirchanginghabitat.

Accordingtoscientists,polarbearsareendangeredbecauseofEarth'swarmingclimate,whichisshrinkingthe

icepackthatfloatsontheArcticOcean.Theicepackgoesthroughayearlycycle.Inthefallandwinter,theice

packgrowssouthward,stretchingtowardNorthAmerica,Asia,andEurope.Bytheendofwinter,theicepacklies

overshallowerwatersnearland,wheresealslive.Thepolarbearshuntalongtheedgeofthatice,eatingsealsinthe

springandearlysummerbeforetheiceovershallowwatersmelts.It'showthebearsfattenupforthenextwinter.

Inthepastfewdecades,theicepackhasstartedtogrowlaterinthefall.Asaresult,itisn'tasthickandstarts

tomeltandbreakupearlierinthespring.Thatgivesthebearslessseaiceforhuntingandforcessomeofthemto

swimfarthertomovebetweenlandandicehabitats.Studiesshowthat,inplaceswheretheicehasbeenbreaking

upearlierfbrdecades,thenumberofbearsisgoingdown,andtheiroverallhealthisgettingworse.Scientistswant

toknowifbearsarestillfindingenoughtoeatandhowfartheyhavetotravel,orswim,tofindfood.

UsingtheGPScollars,theresearchersconfirmedthatsomebearsareswimminglongdistances.Of52bears,

20tookatotalof50long-distanceswims,eachoneajourneyofmorethan30miles.Arethelong-distancetravels

harmingtheirchancesfbrsurvival?IfpolarbearsaregoingtosurviveinthewarmingArctic,humansmayneedto

actrightnow.WiththeworkofscientistslikeMr.Pagano,silverliningswillfinallycutopenthedarkness.

28.WhatprobablyisMr.Pagano?

A.Aclimatescientist.B.Azoologist.C.AGPSengineer.D.Aniceobserver.

29.Thevideoisspecialbecause.

A.itismadebyprofessionalanimalresearchers

B.itsaimistotracebearbehaviorsinNorthPole

C.itisfilmedbyacameraattachedtoapolarbear

D.ituseshi-techGPStostudypolarbears,habitats

30.WhatmakespolarbearsintheArcticendangered?

A.Theshrinkingshallowwaters.B.Thedecreasingnumberofseals.

C.Thelong-distancetravelsforhabitats.D.Thechangedyearlycycleoficepacks.

31.Accordingtotheauthor,Mr.Pagano'sresearchis.

A.hopefulB.limitedC.completeD.questionable

【答案】28.B29.C30.D31.A

【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了動物學家Pagano在北極熊的脖子上掛了一架相機，目的是找出

北極熊在不斷變化的棲息地生存需要什么。文章介紹了導致北極熊瀕臨滅絕的原因以及這項研究的發現。

【28題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據第一段中“Acamerawaspreviouslyputaroundthebear'sneckbyMr.Pagano'sresearchteam

withtheaimtofindoutwhatpolarbearswillneedtosurviveintheirchanginghabitat.（Pagano的研究團隊之前

在北極熊的脖子上掛了一架相機，目的是找出北極熊在不斷變化的棲息地生存需要什么）”以及最后一段中

“WiththeworkofscientistslikeMr.Pagano,silverliningswillfinallycutopenthedarkness.（在Pagano這樣的科

學家的努力下，一線曙光終于將揭開黑暗的面紗）”可推知，Pagano是動物學家。故選B。

【29題詳解】

細節理解題。根據第一段中“Whatmakesthisvideosounusualisthatit'sfromthepointofviewofthepolarbear.

（這個視頻之所以與眾不同是因為它是從北極熊的角度拍攝的）”可知，錄像的特殊之處在于是以北極熊的視

覺拍攝的。故選C。

【30題詳解】

細節理解題。根據第三段“Inthepastfewdecades,theicepackhasstartedtogrowlaterinthefall.Asaresult,it

isn'tasthickandstartstomeltandbreakupearlierinthespring.Thatgivesthebearslessseaiceforhuntingand

forcessomeofthemtoswimfarthertomovebetweenlandandicehabitats.Studiesshowthat,inplaceswherethe

icehasbeenbreakingupearlierfordecades,thenumberofbearsisgoingdown,andtheiroverallhealthisgetting

worse.Scientistswanttoknowifbearsarestillfindingenoughtoeatandhowfartheyhavetotravel,orswim,to

findfbod.（在過去的幾十年里，浮冰在秋天后期開始擴張。因此，它沒有那么厚，在春天開始融化和破裂的

時間更早。這使得北極熊捕獵的海冰減少，迫使其中一些北極熊在陸地和冰面棲息地之間游得更遠。研究

表明，在那些冰層早在兒十年前就破裂的地方，熊的數量正在減少，它們的整體健康狀況也在惡化。科學

家們想知道熊是否還能找到足夠的食物，以及它們需要走多遠才能找到食物）”可知，浮冰每年變化的周期

讓北極的北極熊瀕臨滅絕。故選D。

【31題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“WiththeworkofscientistslikeMr.Pagano,silverliningswillfinallycutopenthe

darkness.（在Pagan。這樣的科學家的努力下，一線曙光終于將揭開黑暗的面紗）“可推知，Mr.Pagano團隊的

研究帶給人希望。故選A。

02小貓杰克的故事

Jackwasbomwithouteyes.Hewasveryluckyashegrewuphavingotherkittens(youngcats)tosocialize

with,andwasusedtopeoplefromthemomenthewasbom.However,whenitcametimetofindthekittenshomes,

nooneknewwhereJackwouldendup.

That'swhenIgotanemailfrommyfriend.Allsheaskedwas“Doyoustillwantoneofthekittens?There's

oneherewithnoeyesandnoonewouldliketotakehim.^^Withoutthinking,ItoldherthatIdidwantthekitten.

Whenwefirstbroughthimhome,Jackstayedmostlyinmyroom.Afteraboutadayhehadnoissuesrunning

aroundandclimbingoneverything.Attimeshegetslostinthehouse,hellstop.Butwejustcallhimandtalkto

himanditisn*tlongbeforehefindshiswaybacktous.

AfewweeksaftergettingJack,wegotanewfarmcatnamedBear.JackandBearhavebecomebestfriends.

Itdoesn'tmatterthathecan*tsee.HealwaysknowswhenBearisaround.He'llrunacrosstheyardstraighttoBear

andwraphisfrontlegsaroundhisneckinabighug.Theyrunaftereachotheraroundandwrestle.The/llliedown

inthegrasstogetherwhentired.

Jackistrulyaninspiration.I'veownedlotsofkittensinmylife,butJackisthehappiestandmostplayful.He

doesn'tfeelsorryfbrhimself.Hedoesn'tneedpity.IthinkJean,ownerofGumbo,anothereyelesscat,saiditbest

whenshetoldmethatcatsdon'thavedisabilities,theyhaveadaptability.

4.WhydidJackcometoourhome?

A.Ilikedaneyelesscat.B.Ididn*tmindwhetherhewasblind.

CNootheryoungcatskepthimcompany.D.Myfriendorderedmetotakehimhome.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“issues“inthe3rdparagraphmean?

A.Difficulty.B.Fun.C.Luck.D.Business.

6.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.Jacklikestoplaywithaneweyelesscat.

B.Jackisgoodattalkingandplayingwithpeople.

C.Jackquicklyadaptstothenewenvironment.

D.JackandBearliedownonthesofatogetherwhentired.

7.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Acathasninelives.B.Alliswellthatendswell.

C.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.D.Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending.

【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.C

【分析】這是一篇記敘文。主要記敘了作者收養了一只天生沒有眼睛的小貓杰克，杰克適應新環境的能力

很快，而且是作者養過最快樂、最愛玩的貓，他并沒有因為自己沒有眼睛而感到難過。

【4題詳解】

細節理解題。根據第二段中“AUsheaskedwas'Doyoustillwantoneofthekittens?There'soneherewithno

eyesandnoonewouldliketotakehim.'Withoutthinking,ItoldherthatIdidwantthekitten.(她只是問了——句：

“那些小貓里，你現在還想不想要一只？這里還有一只沒有眼睛的貓，沒有人愿意把他帶走。我想都沒想就

告訴她我想要那只小貓)”可知，杰克來到作者家，是因為作者不介意他是否失明。故選B。

【5題詳解】

詞義猜測題。根據劃線詞后文“runningaroundandclimbingoneverything”可知沒有眼睛的杰克來到作者家大

約過了一天，他就可以跑來跑去，爬上所有的東西都沒有困難了，故劃線詞意思為“困難A.Difficulty.困

難；B.Fun.樂趣;C.Luck.運氣；D.Business.生意。故選A。

【6題詳解】

細節理解題。根據第三段中“Afteraboutadayhehadnoissuesrunningaroundandclimbingoneverything.At

timeshegetslostinthehouse,he*llstop.Butwejustcallhimandtalktohimanditisn'tlongbeforehefindshis

waybacktous.（大約過了一天，他可以到處跑，爬到各種東西上。有時他在房子里迷路了，他會停下來。但

我們只要呼喚他，和他說話，不久他就能找到回到我們身邊的路戶可知，杰克很快適應了新的環境。故選

Co

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據最后一段"Jackistrulyaninspiration.Fveownedlotsofkittensinmylife,butJackisthe

happiestandmostplayful.Hedoesn*tfeelsorryfbrhimself.Hedoesn'tneedpity.IthinkJean,ownerofGumbo,

anothereyelesscat,saiditbestwhenshetoldmethatcatsdon'thavedisabilities,theyhaveadaptability.（杰克真是

個鼓舞人心的貓。我養過很多小貓，但杰克是最快樂、最愛玩的。他并不為自己感到難過。他不需要同情。

另一只盲貓Gumbo的主人Jean告訴我，貓沒有殘疾，它們有適應能力，這是她說得最好的一句話）“結合

文章主要記敘了作者收養了一只天生沒有眼睛的小貓杰克，杰克適應新環境的能力很快，而且最快樂、最

愛玩的，他并沒有因為自己沒有眼睛而感到難過。可知，從文章中我們能認識到“自助者天助”這個道理。

故選Co

真題閱讀

01會識別形狀的鳳頭鸚鵡

Goffin'scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape-

recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveproved

skilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.Inarecentexperiment,cockatooswerepresentedwithaboxwithanut

insideit.Theclearfrontoftheboxhada"keyhole“inageometricshape,andthebirdsweregivenfivedifferently

shaped"keys"tochoosefrom.Insertingthecorrect"key"wouldletoutthenut.

Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearofage,butitwillbeanother

yearbeforetheyareabletodothesamewithlesssymmetrical（對稱的）shapes.Thisabilitytorecognizethata

shapewillneedtobeturnedinaspecificdirectionbeforeitwillfitiscalledan4€allocentricframeofrefercnce^^.In

theexperiment,Goffin'scockatooswereabletoselecttherighttoolfbrthejob,inmostcases,byvisualrecognition

alone.Wheretrial-and-errorwasused,thecockatoosdidbetterthanmonkeysinsimilartests.Thisindicatesthat

Goffin'scockatoosdoindeedpossessanallocentricframeofreferencewhenmovingobjectsinspace,similarto

two-year-oldbabies.

Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisual

clues（線索）,oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.

4.Howdidthecockatoosgetthenutfromtheboxintheexperiment?

A.Byfollowinginstructions.B.Byusingatool.

C.Byturningtheboxaround.D.Byremovingthelid.

5.Whichtaskcanhumanone-year-oldsmostlikelycompleteaccordingtothetext?

A.Usingakeytounlockadoor.B.Tellingparrotsfromotherbirds.

C.Puttingaballintoaroundhole.D.Groupingtoysofdifferentshapes.

6.Whatdoesthefollow-uptestaimtofindoutaboutthecockatoos?

A.Howfartheyareabletosee.B.Howtheytrackmovingobjects.

C.Whethertheyaresmarterthanmonkeys.D.Whethertheyuseasenseoftouchinthetest.

7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Cockatoos:QuickErrorCheckersB.Cockatoos:IndependentLearners

C.Cockatoos:CleverSignal-ReadersD.Cockatoos:SkilfulShape-Sorters

【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.D

【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種會識別形狀的鳳頭鸚鵡。

【4題詳解】

細節理解題。根據文章第一段“Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveprovedskilfulattool

usewhilekeptinthecage.（雖然人們不知道這些鳥在野外會使用工具，但事實證明，它們在關在籠子里時就

能熟練地使用工具）“以及"thebirdsweregivenfivedifferentlyshaped"keys"tochoosefrom.Inserting,thecorrect

“keys”wouldletoutthenut.（研究人員給了這些鳥5把形狀各異的“鑰匙”供它們選擇。插入，正確的“鑰匙”

會讓堅果出來）“可知，在實驗中，鳳頭鸚鵡是通過使用工具從盒子里取出堅果的。故選B。

【5題詳解】

細節理解題。根據文章第1二段“Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearof

age（在人類身上，嬰兒從一歲左右就可以把一個圓形的物品放進一個圓形的洞里）''結合選項，可知，一歲

兒童最有可能完成“將一個球放進一個圓形的洞里”的任務。故選C?

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。通過文章最后一段"Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthe

cockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualclues,oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.（根據研究人

員的說法，下一步是嘗試弄清楚風頭鸚鵡是完全依靠視覺線索，還是也使用觸覺來選擇它們的形狀）''可推

知，后續測試的目的是了解鳳頭鸚鵡在測試中是否使用觸覺。故選D。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，再結合文章第一段“Coffin'scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,have

beenshowntohavesimilarshape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.（科芬的鳳頭鸚鵡是一種原產于

大洋洲的小鸚鵡，它的形狀識別能力與兩歲的人類相似）”可推知，本文主要介紹了會識別形狀的鳳頭鸚鵡。

D項”（2比1^。。$:$16向1$1^^€6。加3（鳳頭鸚鵡：識別形狀的熟練工）“符合文意，最適合作為本文標題。故

選D。

02有關狗的研究

Ifyouevergettheimpressionthatyourdogcan"tell”whetheryoulookcontentorannoyed,youmaybeonto

something.Dogsmayindeedbeabletodistinguishbetweenhappyandangryhumanfaces,accordingtoanewstudy

Researcherstrainedagroupof11dogstodistinguishbetweenimages（圖像）ofthesamepersonmaking

eitherahappyoranangryface.Duringthetrainingstage,eachdogwasshownonlytheupperhalforthelowerhalf

oftheperson*sface.Theresearchersthentestedthedogs*abilitytodistinguishbetweenhumanfacialexpressions

byshowingthemtheotherhalfoftheperson'sfaceonimagestotallydifferentfromtheonesusedintraining.The

researchersfoundthatthedogswereabletopicktheangryorhappyfacebytouchingapictureofitwiththeirnoses

moreoftenthanonewouldexpectbyrandomchance.

Thestudyshowedtheanimalshadfiguredouthowtoapplywhattheylearnedabouthumanfacesduring

trainingtonewfacesinthetestingstage."Wecanruleoutthatthedogesimplydistinguishbetweenthepictures

basedonasimplecue,suchasthesightofteeth,"saidstudyauthorCorsinMuller."Instead,ourresultssuggestthat

thesuccessfuldogsrealizedthatasmilingmouthmeansthesamethingassmilingeyes,andthesameruleapplies

toanangrymouthhavingthesamemeaningasangryeyes.^^

"Withourstudy,wethinkwecannowconfidentlyconcludethatatleastsomedogscandistinguishhuman

facialexpressions/MullertoldLineScience.

Atthispoint,itisnotclearwhydogsseemtobeequippedwiththeabilitytorecognizedifferentfacial

expressionsinhumans.nTous,themostlikelyexplanationappearstobethatthebasisliesintheirlivingwith

humans,whichgivesthemalotofexposuretohumanfacialexpressions/andthisexposurehasprovidedthemwith

manychancestolearntodistinguishbetweenthem,Mullersaid.

28.Thenewstudyfocusedonwhetherdogscan.

A.distinguishshapesB.makesenseofhumanfaces

C.feelhappyorangryD.communicatewitheachother

29.Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudyfromparagraph2?

A.Researcherstestedthedogsinrandomorder.

B.Diversemethodswereadoptedduringtraining.

C.Picturesusedinthetwostagesweredifferent

D.Thedogswerephotographedbeforethelest.

30.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Asuggestionforfuturestudies.B.Apossiblereasonforthestudyfindings.

C.AmajorlimitationofthestudyD.Anexplanationoftheresearchmethod.

答案與解析：

28.B主旨大意題。根據短文首段的第二句"Dogsmayinxdeedbeabletodistinguishbetweenhappyandangry

humanfaces,accordingtoanewstudy”可知，一項新的研究表明，狗可能真地可以辨別人的表情是高興還是

憤怒,緊接著后文又詳細介紹了研究過程和結論，即狗能夠識別人的表情，且倒數第二段的“Withourstudy,

wethinkwecannowconfidentlyconcludethatatleastsomedogscandistinguishhumanfacial!expressionsM?句

明確給出了結論。故選B項。

29.C細節理解。根據第二段中的“Theresearchersthentestedthedogsnabilitytodistinguishbetweenhuman

facialexpressionsbyshowingthemtheotherhalfoftheperson'sfaceorimagestotallydifferentfromtheonesu