第第頁2023年初高考點差異及銜接介詞介詞（初高考點差異及銜接）

初中要求在初中階段，學習了時間，方位等介詞的基本含義和用法

高中要求介詞的考查形式多樣,除了單純考查介詞外,還常考查介詞與其他詞的搭配。此外,在定語從句中,也常考查“介詞+關系代詞”的用法。有些介詞的考查頻率較高,如with,beyond。

【初中介詞考點聚焦】

時間介詞

1Theywillfinishtheworkanhour.他們將在一小時后完成這項工作。

2awarmspringafternoon在一個溫暖的春天的下午

3HehasstudiedEnglish2000.自從2000年他就開始學英語了。

方位介詞

4JapanistheeastofChina.倭國位于中國的東部。

5Thereisabridgetheriver.這條河上有一座橋。

6Ourteacherusuallystandstheclassroom.我們的老師通常站在教室前面。

方式介詞

同義句轉換

7HewenttoBeijingbycar.

HewenttoBeijing.

8Iprefertotravelbyship.

Iprefertotravel.

用by,over,in,on填空

9Thistoyisnotmachine-made.Itismadehand.

10InthemorningIusuallylistentothenewstheradio.

四．介詞與名詞、動詞、形容詞的搭配

根據提示,完成句子

11Wineismadegrapes.葡萄酒是用葡萄釀造的。

12Clothesareusedkeepinguswarm.衣服是用來為我們保暖的。

【高中介詞考點聚焦】

考綱解讀

介詞的考查形式多樣,除了單純考查介詞外,還常考查介詞與其他詞的搭配。此外,在定語從句中,也常考查“介詞+關系代詞”的用法。有些介詞的考查頻率較高,如with,beyond。

考點清單

考點1常考介詞基本用法

with①和……一起;隨著……;②因為……;③具有/帶有……;④with復合結構

at①表示片刻的時間點;②表示“在某處”,指在一個較小的地點;③表示產生某種情緒的原因,意為“因為……而……,一聽到/看到/想到……就……”

in①表方位,在某個范圍內,特別注意在報紙上、書上有什么內容,要用in;②表時間,后接表時間段的名詞短語,指在某一段時間內或在帶有將來時態的語句中表示某一段時間將發生句子謂語動詞所表示的動作;③表示材料、語言、方式、聲音

on①表示時間,指在特定的某一天(的上午、下午或晚上)或一星期的某一天。注意inthemorning與onthemorningof1st,May的區別;②表示方位,指在某一事物表面上或與某物毗鄰;③表示與某一方面內容相關,意為“關于”;④與名詞或動名詞連用,意為“一……就……”

from表示“來自”或“從……時間開始”

through①表示從事物內部穿過,與介詞in有關;②表示“通過,憑借”

across表示從事物的表面通過,與介詞on有關

over①表示在表面的正上方,與under相對;②表示“從某事物上方越過”;③表示“在……上面”,指部分或全部覆蓋;④與表示時間段的名詞(短語)連用,表示“經過、跨過某一個時間段”

beyond①表示方位,意為“超過,在……較遠的一邊”;②表示超出理解、信任的范圍或能力所及的范圍

for①表示“對于,至于,適合于”;②表示“為了(目的);支持”

against①表示“反對,反抗,違背”;②表示“倚,靠,逆著(水流、潮流、風等)”或“與……相對抗”

單句語法填空

1.thefirstdayofmyfirstgrade,Istoodbythedoorwithbutterfliesinmystomach.

2.Favorablepoliciesareeffecttoencourageemployees’professionaldevelopment.

3.Thecaptainoftheshipwasadvisedtoturnbackdueasuddenheavystorm.

4.Ifyouarenotgoingtosufferthisproblem,thenIsuggestthatthenexttimeyougotoyourmum’shome

dinner,getafewcookingtipsfromher.

5.Theanswerthisquestionisnotclear.

6.Wewerefirstgreetedthebarkingbyapackofdogs,seventobeexact.

考點2介詞短語

介詞短語的考查主要分為以下幾類:

1.介詞+名詞類:例如:atwar在戰爭中;atnoon在正午;bybus乘公交車;byaccident/bychance偶然,意外地;inadvance提前;indetail詳細地;onholiday在度假;onpurpose故意地;beyonddescription難以描述;underconstruction在建設中;underpressure在壓力下;withpleasure樂意地;withdifficulty困難地,等等。

2.be+形容詞+介詞類:例如:besurprisedat對……感到驚奇;beanxiousabout為……而憂慮;beactivein積極于……;befamousfor以……著名;beabsentfrom缺席;bedevotedto致力于……;beafraidof害怕……;becontentwith對……滿意,等等。

3.介詞+名詞+介詞類:例如:in+名詞+of類:insearchof尋找……;incaseof如果,假設;inhonorof紀念……;inpraiseof贊揚……;inchargeof負責……;infavorof贊成……;insupportof支持……;indefenceof保衛……;inplaceof代替……;infaceof面對……;inaidof幫助……

4.動詞+介詞類:例如:lookafter照料……;lookfor尋找……;waitfor等待……;talkwith與……交談;fightagainst為反對……而斗爭;agreewith同意……,與……相一致。

5.介詞to+one’s+名詞類:例如:toone’sjoy令某人高興的是;toone’ssorrow令某人悲傷的是;toone’sdelight令某人快樂的是;toone’ssurprise令某人驚奇的是;toone’sdisappointment令某人失望的是,等等。

用適當的介詞填空

______mysurprise,thetofubeneaththefriedskinwaswarm,soft,andmouthwatering.

解題關鍵:根據語境可知,此處為固定短語“toone’s+n.”,表示“令某人……的是”。

答案判定:To

用適當的詞填空

1.However,theyhaverealimpacts,astheyresultmisguideduseofscarceresources.

2.example,youmaywanttobeapilotbutcan’tbecomeonebecauseyoureyesightisnotgoodenough.

單句改錯

1.Inadditionto,allswimmersmustwearproperbathingsuits.

2.Intheway,whatactivitieshaveyoutakenpartinforyourtraining

3.Friendscantellyouyourmistakes,thoughwhattheysayishardofyoutolistento.

4.However,thephenomenonthatpeoplearetooaddictedintheirmobilephonesisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.

5.Iplayedwithgamesdayandnightonweekends.

6.Ifollowedmyschedulestrictlyandmanagedtogetridplayinggames.

一

1.Favorablepoliciesareeffecttoencourageemployees’professionaldevelopment.

2.—Goodmorning,Mr.Lee’soffice.

—Goodmorning.I’dliketomakeanappointmentnextWednesdayafternoon.

3.Bobthoughthecouldn’tgotothepartybecausehehadtowriteareport,buthewentall.

4.China’ssoftpowergrowsinlinetheincreasingappreciationandunderstandingofChinaglobally.

5.WhenyoudrivethroughtheRedwoodForestsinCalifornia,youwillbetreesthatareover1,000yearsold.

6.Weofferanexcellenteducationtoourstudents.return,weexpectstudentstoworkhard.

7.Determiningwhereweareinrelationoursurroundingsremainsanessentialskillforoursurvival.

8.Thestudysuggeststhatthecultureswegrowupinfluencethebasicprocessesbywhichweseetheworldaroundus.

9.Mostpeopleworkbecauseit’sunavoidable.contrast,therearesomepeoplewhoactuallyenjoywork.

10.Thesecommentscameinresponsespecificquestionsoftenaskedbylocalnewsmen.

11.Haveyoueverheardofthetreesthatarehomeanimalsbothonlandandsea

12.Lastyearwasthewarmestyearonrecord,withglobaltemperature0.68℃theaverage.

13.Theybelievethattherearetransportdevelopmentsthecornerthatwillbringalotofchangesforthebetter.

14.Humanlifeisregardedaspartofnatureand,assuch,theonlywayforustosurviveistoliveinharmonynature.

15.Thismeetingroomisanon-smokingarea.Iwouldliketowarnyouadvancethatifyousmokedhereyouwouldbefined.

16.Thelittlepupiltookhisgrandmathearmandwalkedheracrossthestreet.

二．用適當的介詞填空

Inthechemistrylab,because1.________thestudent'scarelessness,thetubecrackedandtheliquidinitcausedafireonthetable.Fortunately,heputitout2.________timeatlast.

Infact,itiscommontohavesomesmallaccidentscaused3.________carelessness.Iusedtoenjoycooking,soIalwayssoughtachancetocook.However,thedesireled4.________anaccident.

OnceIstayed5.________homealone.Ifounditachancetocook.IputallthefoodIneeded6.________apot.ThenIhadtowait7.________ittoboil.Inordertokillthewaitingtime,IwenttowatchTV.OnlyinafewminuteswasIfascinatedbyawonderfulprogramme.ItwasabouthalfanhourlaterthatIrememberedmyfood.Iturnedoffthecookerimmediatelybutunfortunatelythefoodranover8.________thepot.Iwasblamedandhadtocleanthekitchen.

Soweshouldpayattention9.________everythingwearedoingtoavoidaccidents.

三

Localfoodhasseveralmeanings.Itcanbeusedtorefer1thefoodthatisgrownandsoldinthesametown.2theotherhand,itcanalsomeanthefooddirectlysold3thefarmertotheconsumer,ratherthanbeingprocessed.4eitherofthecases,localfoodisasgoodasgrowingfoodinyourowngarden.

Oneofthebiggeradvantagesofgoingforlocalfoodisthatthefoodisfresh.Asitisgrownataclosedistanceandsoldimmediately,therearenopreservatives(防腐劑)added5it.Andasthefoodisfresh,ithasalongershelflifeandwilllastlongerinyourrefrigerator.Anotherhealthbenefitassociated6localfoodisthatit'smorenutritious.Asthetime7farmandtableisless,thenutrientsinthefooddon'tgetwashedoff.So8isalwaysbeneficialtogoforlocalfood.

Moreimportantly,yoursmallcontributioninbuyingonlylocalfoodhelpsreduceglobalwarming.Asnotransportationisrequiredfortransportingfood,there'llbedecrease9theuseoffossilfuel.Asfewchemicalsareusedfortheseproducts,theenvironmentisprotected.Therefore,choosinglocalfoodisreally10goodidea.

四

HowmanyhoursdidyouspendreadinglastweekThisquestionhasarrivedinthousandsofAmericanhomeseveryotheryear11992aspartoftheUniversityofMichigan'sHealthandRetirementStudy.22023,researchersfoundthatpeoplewhoidentifiedthemselves3regularbookreaderswere23percentlesslikelytodiebetween2