土壤與植物營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)專業(yè)英語—

學(xué)科與植物營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)郜紅建

安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)資源與環(huán)境學(xué)院一、學(xué)科專業(yè)術(shù)語農(nóng)業(yè)資源利用學(xué)UtilizationScienceofAgriculturalResources土壤學(xué)SoilScience植物營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)PlantNutrition植物保護(hù)學(xué)PlantProtection環(huán)境科學(xué)EnvironmentalScience環(huán)境工程EnvironmentalEngineering生物醫(yī)學(xué)工程BiomedicalEngineering食品科學(xué)與工程FoodScienceandEngineering食品科學(xué)FoodScience作物栽培學(xué)與耕作學(xué)CropCultivationandFarmingSystem

作物遺傳育種學(xué)CropGeneticsandBreeding

園藝學(xué)Horticulture

果樹學(xué)Pomology

蔬菜學(xué)Olericulture茶學(xué)TeaScience林業(yè)工程ForestryEngineering森林工程ForestEngineering木材科學(xué)與技術(shù)WoodScienceandTechnology林產(chǎn)化學(xué)加工工程ChemicalProcessingEngineeringofForestProducts環(huán)境科學(xué)與工程EnvironmentalScienceandEngineering

糧食、油脂及植物蛋白工程Cereals,OilsandVegetableProteinEngineering農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工及貯藏工程ProcessingandStorageofAgricultureProducts水產(chǎn)品加工及貯藏工程ProcessingandStorageofAquaticProducts農(nóng)學(xué)Agriculture作物學(xué)CropScience農(nóng)業(yè)昆蟲與害蟲防治AgriculturalEntomologyandPestControl農(nóng)藥學(xué)PesticideScience畜牧學(xué)AnimalScience動(dòng)物遺傳育種與繁殖AnimalGenetics,BreedingandReproductionScience動(dòng)物營(yíng)養(yǎng)與飼料科學(xué)AnimalNutritionandFeedScience二、常用元素名稱Hydrogen氫HBoron硼B(yǎng)Carbon碳CNitrogen氮NOxygen氧O

Fluorine氟FSodium鈉NaMagnesiumMgAluminumAlSilicon硅Si

Phosphorus磷PSulfur硫S

Chlorine氯Cl

Potassium鉀KCalcium鈣CaChromium鉻Cr

Manganese錳

MnIron鐵

FeCopper銅CuZinc鋅Zn

Arsenic砷AsSelenium硒Se

Silver銀AgCadmium鎘CdGold金Au

Mercury汞Hg

Lead鉛Pb三、植物營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)詞匯植物營(yíng)養(yǎng)[學(xué)]

plantnutrition植物礦質(zhì)營(yíng)養(yǎng)mineralnutritionofplant植物有機(jī)營(yíng)養(yǎng)

organicnutritionofplant有機(jī)營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)說

theoryoforganicnutrition最低因子律

lawoftheminimum礦質(zhì)營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)說

theoryofmineralnutrition米采利希定律

Mitscherlich'slaw酬勞遞減率

lawofdiminishingreturns償還學(xué)說

theoryofreturns根圈營(yíng)養(yǎng)

rhizospherenutrition根氧化力

oxidizingforceofroot根系分泌物

rootexudate根系陽離子互換量

cationexchange

capacityofroot根外營(yíng)養(yǎng)

exorootnutrition階段營(yíng)養(yǎng)期

differentnutritionalstage營(yíng)養(yǎng)臨界期

criticalperiodofnutrition肥料最大效率期maximumefficiencystageoffertilization選擇吸收

selectiveabsorption互換吸收

exchangeabsorption主動(dòng)吸收[養(yǎng)分]

activeuptake[nutrient]被動(dòng)吸收[養(yǎng)分]

passiveuptake[nutrient]奢侈吸收

luxuryabsorption接觸互換

contactexchange吸附學(xué)說

theoryofabsorption載體學(xué)說

carriertheory陰離子學(xué)說

theoryofanionabsorption自由空間

freespace道南平衡

Donnanequilibrium能斯特方程

Nernstequation離子泵

ionpump腺苷三磷酸酶

ATPase離子載體

ionophor胞飲作用

pinocytosis稀釋效應(yīng)

dilutioneffect養(yǎng)分交互作用

nutrientinteraction離子拮抗作用

ionantagonism離子協(xié)合作用ionsynergism競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性克制

competitiveinhibition非競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性克制

noncompetitiveinhibition維茨效應(yīng)

Viet'seffect根系截獲

rootinterception質(zhì)流【養(yǎng)分】

massflow[nutrition]擴(kuò)散【養(yǎng)分】

diffusion[nutrition]植物體內(nèi)養(yǎng)分運(yùn)送

nutrientstransportinplant質(zhì)外體運(yùn)送

apoplasttransport共質(zhì)體運(yùn)送

symplasttransport短距離運(yùn)送

shortdistancetransport長(zhǎng)距離運(yùn)送

longdistancetransport木質(zhì)部運(yùn)送

xylem

transport韌皮部運(yùn)送

phloemtransport源-匯關(guān)系

source-sinkrelation植物激素

phytohormone生長(zhǎng)克制劑

growthinhibitor大量元素養(yǎng)分

macronutrient中量元素養(yǎng)分

middleelementnutrient微量元素養(yǎng)分

micronutrient必需元素

essentialelement有益元素

beneficialelement大量元素

macroelement微量元素

microelement,traceelement灰分元素

ashelement植物養(yǎng)分百分比

plantnutrientsration養(yǎng)分有效性nutrientavailability養(yǎng)分生物有效性

nutrientbioavailability養(yǎng)分再利用

nutrientreutilization養(yǎng)分濃度梯度

nutrientconcentrationgradient養(yǎng)分電勢(shì)梯度

nutrientelectropotentialgradient電化學(xué)勢(shì)梯度

gradientofelectrochemical

potential養(yǎng)分耗竭

nutrientdepletion養(yǎng)分富集

nutrientenrichment養(yǎng)分轉(zhuǎn)移

nutrienttranslocation養(yǎng)分脅迫

nutrientstress養(yǎng)分效率

nutrientefficiency營(yíng)養(yǎng)條件

nutritionalcondition營(yíng)養(yǎng)水平nutritionallevel營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)nutritivematerial營(yíng)養(yǎng)液

nutrientsolution氮同化作用nitrogenassimilation氮平衡

nitrogenbalance氮代謝nitrogenmetabolism氨毒

ammoniatoxicity鈣調(diào)素calmodulin,CAM營(yíng)養(yǎng)根

nutritiveroot植物營(yíng)養(yǎng)遺傳學(xué)

geneticsofplantnutrition植物礦質(zhì)營(yíng)養(yǎng)基因型

mineralnutritiongenotypeofplant植物鐵載體

phytosideropore表面遷移

surfacemigration土壤養(yǎng)分

soilnutrient有效性養(yǎng)分

availablenutrient無效養(yǎng)分

non-availablenutrient土壤養(yǎng)分形態(tài)

formofsoilnutrient全氮

totalnitrogen全磷

totalphosphorus全鉀

totalpotassium可溶性養(yǎng)分

solublenutrient水溶性養(yǎng)分

watersolublenutrient酸溶性養(yǎng)分

acidsolublenutrient難溶性養(yǎng)分

difficultlysolublenutrient緩效性養(yǎng)分

slowlyavailablenutrient互換性養(yǎng)分

exchangeablenutrient非互換性養(yǎng)分

non-exchangeablenutrient活性養(yǎng)分

activenutrient速率原因

velocityfactor數(shù)量原因

quantityfactor強(qiáng)度原因

intensityfactor動(dòng)力原因

kineticfactor緩沖原因

bufferfactor養(yǎng)分循環(huán)

nutrientcycle養(yǎng)分平衡

nutrientbalance養(yǎng)分固定

nutrientfixation養(yǎng)分吸附

nutrientadsorption養(yǎng)分稀釋

nutrientreleasing養(yǎng)分解吸

nutrientdesorption養(yǎng)分損失

nutrientloss養(yǎng)分淋失

leachinglossofnutrient養(yǎng)分轉(zhuǎn)化

nutrienttransformationA值

Avalue碳氮比

C/Nratio有機(jī)氮

organicnitrogen無機(jī)氮

inorganicnitrogen氮礦化

nitrogenmineralization氮轉(zhuǎn)化

nitrogentransformation水解氮

hydrolyzablenitrogen銨態(tài)氮

ammoniumnitrogen硝態(tài)氮

nitratenitrogen亞硝態(tài)氮

nitritenitrogen堿解氮

alkali-hydrolyzablenitrogen酸解氮acid-hydrolyzablenitrogen酰胺態(tài)氮amidenitrogen礦化速率mineralizationrate活性磷labilephosphorus枸溶性磷citricacidsolublephosphorus有機(jī)磷o(hù)rganicphosphorus無機(jī)磷

inorganicphosphorus鉀平衡

potassiumbalance緩效鉀

slowlyavailablepotassium礦物態(tài)鉀

mineralpotassium層間鉀

interlayerpotassium易還原態(tài)錳

labilereductionmanganese肥料

fertilizer肥料品位

fertilizergrade標(biāo)明量

declarablecontent肥料養(yǎng)分

fertilizernutrient肥料三要素

threeessentialsoffertilizer肥料分析式

fertilizeranalyticformula肥料配合式

fertilizerformula三要素比

threeessentialfertilizerratio酸性肥料

acidicfertilizer中性肥料

neutralfertilizer堿性肥料

alkalinefertilizer生理酸性肥料

physiologicalacidicfertilizer生理中性肥料

physiologicalneutralfertilizer生理堿性肥料

physiologicalalkalinefertilizer速效肥料

readilyavailablefertilizer遲效肥料

delayedavailablefertilizer緩釋肥料

slow-releasefertilizer固體肥料

solidfertilizer懸浮肥料suspensionfertilizer顆粒肥料granularfertilizer液體肥料liquidfertilizer氣體肥料gaseousfertilizer,gasfertilizer螯合肥料chelatefertilizer包膜肥料coatedfertilizer葉面肥料foliarfertilizer肥料調(diào)理劑fertilizerconditioner肥料添加劑fertilizeradditive肥料填料fertilizerfiller肥料溶解度fertilizersolubility肥料養(yǎng)分溶解度solubilityoffertilizernutrient肥料利用率utilizationrateoffertilizer無機(jī)肥料inorganicfertilizer商品肥料commercialfertilizer單質(zhì)肥料straightfertilizer氮肥nitrogenousfertilizer銨態(tài)氮肥ammoniumnitrogenfertilizer硝態(tài)氮肥nitratenitrogenfertilizer硝銨態(tài)氮肥

ammoniumandnitratenitrogenfertilizer酰胺態(tài)氮肥amidenitrogenfertilizer氰氨態(tài)氮肥cyanamidenitrogenfertilizer緩釋氮肥slow-releasenitrogenfertilizer有機(jī)緩釋氮肥organicslow-releasenitrogenfertilizer尿酶克制劑ureaseinhibitor磷肥phosphaticfertilizer濕法磷肥wet-processphosphaticfertilizer熱法磷肥

thermal-processphosphaticfertilizer水溶性磷肥

water-solublephosphaticfertilizer枸溶性磷肥citrateacidsolublephosphaticfertilizer難溶性磷肥difficultlysolublephosphaticfertilizer鉀肥potassicfertilizer鈣肥limefertilizer鎂肥magnesiumfertilizer硫肥sulfurfertilizer農(nóng)用食鹽sodiumchloride微量元素肥料micronutrientfertilizer硅肥siliceousfertilizer復(fù)合肥料compoundormixedfertilizer化成復(fù)合肥料compoundfertilizer配成復(fù)合肥料

processingcompoundfertilizer復(fù)混肥料complexfertilizer摻合肥料blendedfertilizer有機(jī)肥料organicfertilizer畜糞尿domesticanimalsmanure人糞尿nightsoil廄肥stablemanure堆肥compost漚肥waterloggedcompost沼氣肥biogasmanure秸稈肥strawmanure泥炭peat餅肥cakefertilizer腐殖酸類肥料humicfertilizer綠肥greenmanure豆科綠肥leguminousgreenmanure非豆科綠肥non-leguminousgreenmanure水生綠肥hydrophyticgreenmanure廢棄物綠肥sludgeandrefuse微生物肥料microbialmanure植物生長(zhǎng)調(diào)整劑plantgrowthregulator營(yíng)養(yǎng)診療nutrientdiagnosis營(yíng)養(yǎng)失調(diào)nutritionaldisorder營(yíng)養(yǎng)缺乏nutritiondeficiency潛在缺乏hiddenhunger重疊缺乏overlappingdeficiency臨界值診療法diagnosismethodbycriticalvalue養(yǎng)分臨界值criticalvalueofnutrient診療指標(biāo)diagnosisindex形態(tài)診療法morphologicaldiagnosis植株化學(xué)診療法diagnosismethodofplantchemistry葉片分析診療法diagnosismethodofleafanalysis組織速測(cè)診療法diagnosismethodoftissuerapidmeasurement施肥診療法diagnosismethodoffertilization診療施肥綜正當(dāng)diagnosisandrecommendationintegratedsystem葉色診療法diagnosismethodoffoliarcolor酶學(xué)診療法enzymologydiagnosismethod生物培養(yǎng)診療法diagnosismethodofbiologicalincubation顯微構(gòu)造診療法diagnosisof

microstructure植物缺素癥hungersigninplant,nutrientdeficiencysymptominplant耕墾癥reclamationsymptom小葉癥little-leafsymptom簇葉癥rosette失綠癥chlorosis鞭尾癥whiptail焦灼癥burntsymptom灰白癥white-greysymptom腐心癥heartrot灰斑癥greyspeck白芽癥whitebud牧草痙攣癥grasstetany苦陷癥bitterpit臍腐癥blossom-endrot元素毒害elementtoxicity保護(hù)地鹽害saltconcentrationobstacleonprotectedland保護(hù)地氣體毒害gastoxicityofprotectedland施肥fertilization施肥制度fertilizationsystem肥料效應(yīng)fertilizerresponse肥料效應(yīng)函數(shù)fertilizerresponsefunction邊際替代率marginalrateofsubstitution邊際效應(yīng)marginaleffect邊際產(chǎn)量【統(tǒng)計(jì)】marginalyield邊際產(chǎn)值marginalprofit邊際成本marginalcost邊際利潤(rùn)marginalprofit推薦施肥fertilizationrecommendation測(cè)土施肥soiltestingandfertilizerrecommendation營(yíng)養(yǎng)診療施肥diagnosisnutrientandfertilization養(yǎng)分平衡施肥balancednutrientsfertilization飽和施肥saturatedfertilization維持施肥maintenancefertilization經(jīng)濟(jì)施肥economicfertilization施肥技術(shù)techniqueoffertilization最高產(chǎn)量施肥量maximumyieldapplicationrate經(jīng)濟(jì)最佳施肥量economicoptimumapplicationrate基肥basalfertilizer深層施肥deepplacement全層施肥wholelayerfertilization分層施肥separatedlayerfertilization集中施肥concentratedfertilization撒施broadcasting種肥seedfertilizer追肥topdressing根外施肥exorootfertilization分期施肥top-dressingatdifferentstages帶狀施肥bandapplication肥料試驗(yàn)fertilizer