全國教育碩士英語（毛大威）學生用書參考全國在職教育碩士英語學生用書第二版Unit3Unit3TravelPrepareYourselfDoyouknow?touristresort旅游勝地landscapescenery山水風光virginforest原始森林hitchhiking沿途免費搭乘他人便車旅行outdooradventures戶外冒險活動acamper野營者Howdoyousayit?遠足hike兜風goforaride觀光sight-seeing探險explore,exploration交游goouting滑雪skiing沖浪surfing睡袋sleepingbag導游圖touristmap夏令營summercampMakeupasentenceOnceinthewilderness,yourchiefworrywillbe,nothowtoavoidotherhikers,buthownottogetlost!在空曠的野外，你最擔心的不是避開旅游高峰，而是怕迷了路！Happinesstakesnoaccountoftime.TextlEnjoytheGreatOutdoorsFewcountrieshavesuchavariedandtemptingoutdoorsastheUSA.Thereiseverykindofclimateexcepttropical;ArcticinAlaska,MediterraneaninsouthernCalifornia,temperateinthenorthwestandnortheast,subtropicalinFlorida,desertinArizonaandNewMexico.DeathValley,California,hasthemostconsistentlyhighsummertemperatureintheworldItsometimespersistsat132°F.很少有國家像美國那樣具有各種各樣誘人的戶外活動。除熱帶氣候外，各種氣候都具備。阿拉斯加的極地氣候，加利福尼州北部的地中海式氣候，東北部和西北部的溫帶氣候，佛羅里達州的亞熱帶氣候，亞里桑那州和新墨西哥州的沙漠氣候。加利福尼亞的死亡之谷，在夏季始終保持著全世界的最高溫度，有時高達132華氏度。Asforthelandscape,itisenormouslyvariedandspectacular.InthewesttherearetheRockyMountainsandtheSierraNevada,withtheirsnow-cappedpeaks,andintheeastthewild,forest-coveredAppalachians,whosehighestsummitisnearly7000feet.Thereisanabundanceofwaterfall,gentlerivers,lakesthataresmallandintimateorvastliketheGreatLakes,LakeSuperioristhelargestfreshwaterlakeintheworldandthewaveswhichbreakonitsshoresarelikethewavesofthesea.Inwinterandinspring,campers,aretemptedbytheclearskiesanddazzlingmulti-coloredrocksofArizona,ColoradoandNewMexico.EventhebleaksplendorofDeathValleyattractsmanywintervisitors.至于山水，那可是多種多樣，引人入勝，頗為壯觀。西部有落基山脈和內華達山脈，那里白雪皚皚；在東部，有森林覆蓋的阿拉巴契山脈，它的最高峰近7000英尺。這兒有豐富的瀑布群和涓涓小河，既有祥和寧靜的小湖泊，也有像GREATLAKES那樣的大湖，這里有世界上最大的淡水湖—--蘇必利爾湖。那里的波浪像大海波濤一樣洶涌澎湃。冬春季節，亞里桑那、科羅拉多、和新墨西哥州和潔靜滑雪和眼花繚亂的多彩巖石吸引了大批宿營人。EverythingworthseeingintheUSAisaccessibletocampers,picnickersandvacationers.Freeways,highways,unpavedsecondaryroadsleadyoutoplacesfromwhereyoucanpushoffintothewilderness.Onceinthewilderness,yourchiefworrywillbe,nothowtoavoidotherhikers,buthownottogetlost!在美國最值得一瞧的是宿營人、野炊人和度假人的便利。高速路、高等公路、未鋪油的二等公路四通八達，從你動身之處一直到野外。在空曠的野外，你最擔心的不是避開旅游高峰，而是怕迷了路！TheuniquecontributionsoftheUnitedStatestothosewholovethegreatoutdoorsaretheNationalParksandStateParks.Theyarebeautifullyorganizedandgiveparticularthoughttocampers.Therearealsocampsitesbythesea,whicharehiddenfromthebeachbyalineofsanddunes,orathickbeltoftrees.Whereveryougo,youcannearlyalwaysfindpicnicplacescompletewithwoodentablesandbenches,garbagecansandrestrooms.美國為野外活動愛好者們所作的特殊貢獻就是建立了眾多的國家公園，及州立公園，這些公園布局漂亮，體現了對野營愛好者的特殊關愛。海邊有許多野營營地，這些營地，或隱匿在海灘一連串的沙丘后，或在海灘茂密的林帶后面。無論你走到哪里，幾乎能找到地方野餐，這些地方設備齊全，全都配有木制桌子、長凳、垃圾桶和洗手間。ManyAmericans,youngandold,prefercampinginvehicles,calledcampers.Therearemanydifferentkinds,fromtheextremelyluxurioustotheconvertiblepick-uptruck.Therearemonstercamperswitheveryimaginableluxury,fromdeepfreezesandmicrowaveovens,toplushcarpetsandcolortelevisionsets.Theycanaccommodatefourpeoplecomfortably,andtheydonotnecessarilybelongtorichpeople.有很多美國人，不管老少，更愿自己開車野營。車型多種多樣，有特別豪華奢侈的，也有可折疊的輕型皮卡，許多野營者豪華程度難以想像，深色的冰箱，微波爐，長絨地毯到彩電，可以很舒服給四個人提供宿膳。但這并不僅僅是富人的專利。Someretiredcouplesputalargepartoftheirsavingsintothese“homesonwheels”andspendhalftheyearroamingthecountry.Itsatisfiesacravingforthegreatopenspacesthatsomeofthemstillhaveintheiradvancedyears,anditisatthesametimeacheapwaytolive.Ifthepriceofgasgoesupanyfurther,theywillsimplyroamlessfar.許多老夫婦把他們大部分積蓄花費在“車輪子上的家”，一年中的大半時間在國內游歷，在他們的有生之年仍然心醉于渴望到開闊的地方，并且這也是一種省錢的生活方式，如果汽油價格上揚，他們就將減少游歷。Eventhesmallestcampercannotnegotiatethesteeperandmoretortuousroadswhichleadfarintothewilderness.Sotheadventurousoftenstrapbicyclesormotorbikestothefrontoftheircampers.Thentheyarefreetofollowthesmallesttracksupthemountains,acrossthedesertsorintotheforests.即使是行裝最簡的野營者也不能夠穿過陡峭險峻、蜿蜒曲折的通往野外的山間小路，這時野營者常常把他們的自行車或摩托車捆在野營地前面，然后一身輕松地穿過山間小路，穿過沙漠或森林。Otherstravelthecountryinfour-wheel-drivevehicles.Theymaycarrywiththemcanoesorrafts,inwhichtheytraveldownriverscontrolledbytheNationalParkService.Theseriversflowthroughwildernesses.Theadventurescancampontheriverbanks,buttheyareforbiddentogoinland.Theycannothunt,buttheyareallowedtofish.Someoftheseriverstwistandrushdownnarrowcanyons,ordeeprockyvalleysthickwithforests.Rangerspatrolthewatersfromtimetotime.Butyoutraveltheriversatyourownrisk.還有其他借助于四驅車旅行全國的游歷者，四驅車上裝著獨木舟或竹筏子，下水劃船游歷。這些小溪由國家公園服務處管理。通往野外，這些探險者可在小河邊宿營，但禁止進入內陸腹地。不準打獵，可以釣魚，許多小河蜿蜒曲折，水流湍急，從深谷中或從森林茂密的深壑中流出。有時，偶爾與護林員相遇，沿河顆游，自擔風險。Horsebackridingisafavoritebutmoreexpensivesport,andthereareduderanchesinTexasandotherborderstateswhereyoucanstay-ataprice-andlivethelifeofacowboyorcowgirl.OtheroutdooradventurescanbesnowshoeingthroughtheflatforestsofMichigan,snow-mobilinganywhere,skiingintheRockiesandinAlasks,surfing,water-skiingandhunting.Andtherearemanyotherthingsbesides,thatyoucandointheAmerican“greatoutdoors.”騎馬旅行是時興但花費較貴的運動，在得克薩斯州有旅游大牧場。你可以停在與它邊界毗連的地方（相當貴的）做一回牛仔們的生活。其他的戶外探險運動，到密歇根密林，穿雪鞋旅行，在各州的雪上開車旅行，在洛基山脈和阿拉斯加的劃雪，沖浪、劃水、和狩獵。你可以做美國人“偉大的戶外活動者”可作的許多的其他事情。SectionBIIVocabularystudy第3單元第37頁A）TranslatethefollowingcompoundsintoChinese?將下列合成詞翻譯成漢語。Chicken-hearted膽怯的air-conditioning空調Honey-mouthed甜言蜜語的sun-bathing日光浴Paper-backed平裝書handwriting書寫Needle-shaped針狀的daydreaming做白日夢Oak-forested橡樹林覆蓋的ocean-mining海洋開采TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.將下列詞組翻譯成英文頭腦清醒的clear-minded騎馬horse-riding市場驅動的market-driven走鋼絲rope-walking計算機輔助的computer-aided夢游sleep-walking費時的time-consuming側身躲閃side-stepping國有的state-owned上教堂churchgoingB)Completeeachofthefollowingsentencesbychoosingtherightwordorexpressionfrontheboxandmakechangeswherenecessary.完成下列句子從方框中選擇正確的單詞或短語并進行必要的變形。

accessibletoprice能接近的的negotiateunique談判獨特的accessibletoprice能接近的的negotiateunique談判獨特的pushoffacravingfor啟程渴望consistently一貫ata昂貴accommodateataprice.1、Housingcouldbeobtained高價才能獲得住房。ataprice.2、Medicineshouldnotbekeptwhereitisaccessibletochildren.藥物不能放在孩子們能夠接近的地方。3、Patrickisnotsurewhetherhecan(negotiatetheturn)atthebottom.帕特里克不能肯定在底端他是否能夠拐彎。這是一個固定詞組-----拐彎4、Thehungrybeggarhadacravingforfood,anyfoodleftbytheguests.這個饑餓的乞丐非常渴望食物，客人留下的任何食物。5、Let'spushoffearlysothatwe'llgettherebeforenightfall.我們早點啟程吧，那樣我們就能在天黑之前到達那里。6、JohnandArmstrongmaintainconsistentlyahighstandard.約翰和阿姆斯特朗一貫保持高水平。7、ThoseforeignstudentsareaccommodatedinCanadianhomesnearthecampusforathree-weekorientationprogram.這些外國學生在校園附近的加拿大人的家里住宿為了進行三星期的迎新活動。8、Eachperson'ssignatureisuniqueandthatwillhelpustofindoutifthisdocumentisaforgery.每一個人的簽名都是獨特的，這將幫助我們查明這個文件是偽造的。C)Choosetheappropriatewordforeachsentence,usingtheproperform.第7頁選擇適當的詞填句子，使用正確的形式。Accessible/available可到達、可接近的/提供的、可用的Since1978,theamountofmoneyavailabletobuybookshasfallenby17%.自1978年以來，可以用來買書的錢減少了17%。Thebuildinghasbeenmadeaccessibletodisabledpeople.這棟大樓能夠讓殘疾人可以進入。Consistently/constantly始終、一貫地/不斷地Sheisconstantlychanginghermind.她不斷地改變主意。Hehasconsistentlystoodfirmonthesideoftheoppressedpeople.他一貫堅定地站在被壓迫人民的一邊。Convert/reverse轉變、變換/顛倒Theyconvertanoldstableintoalittlecomfortablehouse.他們把一個舊亭子變成了一個舒適的房子。Becausethenormalwordorderisreversedinpassivevoicesentences,theyaresometimeshardtofollow.因為在被動語態里正常單詞的順序被顛倒了，它們有時很難理解。Outdoor/outdoors戶外的/在戶外Ifyouenjoyoutdooractivities,thisisthetripforyou.如果你喜歡戶外運動，這個旅行很適合你。Ireckonit’swarmenoughtoeatoutdoorsthisevening.我承認今天晚上足夠溫暖在戶外吃東西。Sky/skies天空/天空的狀態TheTibetanhighlandisalandofblueskiesandwarmsunshine.形容天空的狀態。西藏高原是藍天和溫暖陽光的土地。Shelookedoutovertherooftopsandtheopensky.死記下來。她越過屋頂和廣闊的天空向往看。X句子改錯題XB)Identifytheoneunderlinedpartthatisincorrectineachsentenceandcorrectit.識別下列句子中不準確的劃線部分并更正。1^Thepolicesays---(say)thattheyhavearrestedtwentypeoplefollowingthedisturbance.警察是集體名詞，代表復數，動詞要用原形。2^Businessmanagersfocusedonincreasingtheirpersonalwealthbyanyavailablemean…(means).Means復數形式表示手段3^Thetasteofvitaminsisnotsonice,sotheflavoursometimesneed----(needs)tobedisguised.flavour是口味表單數，動詞加s表示單數和主語一致。4@nWaiWenBookshopis----(are)tobefoundbooksinvariouslanguages.倒裝句，主語是books,所以is改成are,在書店，很多各種語言寫的書將被找到。5⑥Anexperttogetherwithsomeassistantswere--(was)senttohelpresolvetheproblem.主語是anexpert是單數，所以were改成was.6^They'vegottwohundredbooks,onehundredandtwentyareinChineseandtherestis---(are)inEnglish.Therest是指其余的書，復數，所以用are。7^LakeSuperiorissuchalargefreshwaterlakethatthewavesthatbreaks…(thatbreak)onitsshoresarelikethewavesofthesea.主語是waves是復數，所以動詞要用原形8^Herearethings----(Thethings)youcandointheEuropean“goodoutdoors"includecamping,snow-mobiling,skiing,huntingandhorsebackriding.Hereare去掉，因為有兩個謂語，直接改成thethingsIIprepositionandadverbsHesaidthattheyshouldexamineallthecostsinvolvedintheprojectfirst.他說他們應當首先檢查該過程涉及的所有成本。Thatistheusualwaythetelecommunicationscompanydealswithcomplaints.這是電信公司處理投訴的通常方式。固定詞組，處理Despiteathoroughinvestigation,notraceoftheescapedprisonerhasbeenfound.盡管進行了徹底調查，但是沒有發現逃犯的任何蹤跡。副詞，盡管About1000localworkerswereemployedinthetourismindustrylastyear.去年，大約1000名當地個人受雇于旅游工業。固定詞組，雇傭在…行業AttheheartofDr.Piaget'stheorieswasanorderlyscheduleofstages,ofchildren'sperceptionsbyage.固定詞組，在…的中心Piaget博士的理論核心是孩子們按年齡接受事物，是一個有序的階段時刻表。X英譯漢X3、TheuniquecontributionoftheUnitedStatestothosewholovethegreatoutdoorsaretheNationalParksandStateParks.Theyarebeautifullyorganizedandgiveparticularthoughttocampers.Therearealsocampsitesbythesea,whicharehiddenfromthebeachbyalionofsanddunes,orathickbeltoftrees.Whereveryougo,youcannearlyalwaysfindpicnicplacescompletewithwoodentables,benches,garbagecansandrestrooms.美國為野外活動愛好者所做的特殊貢獻是建立了眾多的國家公園和州立公園，這些公園布局漂亮，體現了對野營愛好者的特殊關愛。海邊也有許多野營營地。這些營地，或在海灘一連串的沙丘后，或在海灘茂密的林帶后面。無論你走到哪里，幾乎總能找到地方野餐，這些地方設備齊全，全都配有木制桌子、凳子、垃圾桶和洗手間。X漢譯英X3、世界上很少有國家能像美國這樣有如此多樣誘人的野外旅游資源。美國氣候多樣，風景秀麗，公路四通八達，人們可以驅車前往任何值得觀光的地方。許多美國人，無論老幼，都喜歡開野營車外出野營。有些老年退休夫婦將他們很大一部分的儲蓄存款用來購買這種“車上家園”。他們每年花半年時間漫游美國，享受野外的絢麗風光。FewcountrieshavesuchavariedandtemptingOutdoorsastheUSA.Ithasdifferentkindsofclimateandaspectacularlandscape.Freewaysandhighwaysleadyoutoanyplaceswheretherearethingsworthseeing.ManyAmericans,youngandold,prefercampinginvehiclescalled“campers”.Someretiredcouplesputalargepartoftheirsavingintosuch“homeonwheels”andspendhalfoftheyearroamingthecountry,enjoyingthegreatoutdoors.Text2BullFightingBullfightingisnotasport.Itisatragedy,anditsymbolizesthestrugglebetweenmanandthebeasts.Thereareusuallysixbullstoafight.Afightiscalledacorridadetoros.Fightingbullsarebredlikeracehorses,someoftheoldestbreedingestablishmentsbeingseveralhundredyearsold.Agoodbullisworthabout$2000.Theyarebredforspeed,strengthandviciousness.Inotherwords.Agoodfightingbullisanabsolutelyincorrigiblebadbull.斗牛不僅僅是一項運動，它是一項策略。代表了人與獸之間的爭斗。常常是一人對六牛，斗牛的勇士被稱之為斗牛士。斗牛像賽馬一樣，經過訓練，很多古老的斗牛訓練基地已有幾百年歷史，一頭上好的斗牛大約值2000美元，它們被用作進行速度、力量和難以駕馭的烈性訓練。換句話說，一頭上乘斗牛絕對不可能是任性蹩腳的病牛。Butfightingisanexceedinglydangerousoccupation.InthesixteenfightsIsawtherewereonlytwoinwhichnoonewasbadlyhurt.Ontheotherhanditisveryremunerative.Apopularespadagets$5000forhisafternoon'swork.Anunpopularespada,though,maynotget$500.Bothrunthesamerisks.ItisagooddeallikeGrandOperaforthereallygreatmatadors,excepttheyrunthechanceofbeingkilledverytime,theycannothithighC.但是，斗牛是一項極其危險的職業。在我看過的16場戰斗中，僅僅有兩例沒有受到致命損傷。從另一個角度，斗牛業收入非常豐厚。一個受歡迎的斗牛士每個下午收入5000美元，不熟練的斗牛士，盡管冒著同樣風險，收入卻不到500美元。對偉大的斗牛士來說，它是一道像恢宏盛大的歌劇一樣的大餐，除非機會不佳被牛踩死，否則的話他們會獲C類高分。Nooneatanytimeinthefightcanapproachthebullexceptdirectlyfromthefront.Thatiswherethedangercomes.Therearealsoallsortsofcomplicatedpassesthatmustbedonewiththecape,eachrequiringasmuchtechniqueasachampionbilliardplayer.Andunderneathitallisthenecessityforplayingtheoldtragedyintheabsolutelycustombound,law-laid-downway.Itmustallbedonegracefully,seeminglyeffortlessandalwayswithdignity.TheworstcriticismtheSpaniardsverymakeofabullfighteristhathisworkis“vulgar.”在戰斗中，除非直接站在斗牛前面，沒有人能在任何時候靠近斗牛，在斗牛正前方，隨時都有危險來臨，用紅斗蓬完成各種復雜的步驟，每次都像臺球手冠軍一樣需要完美臻熟的技巧。在斗牛過程中，每一步都需要發揮純熟的策略，嚴格按照約定俗成，放倒斗牛的規則方法。擊敗斗牛必須優雅美觀，表面看來輕松容易，并且要顯得雍容高貴。對斗牛士最挑剔的批評就是他的斗牛工作“粗野平庸”。Thetreeabsoluteactsofthetragedyarefirsttheentryofthebullwhenthepicadorsreceivetheshockofhisattacksandattempttoprotecttheirhorseswiththeirlances.Thenthehorsesgooutandthesecondactistheplantingofthebanderillos.Thisisoneofthemostinterestinganddifficultpartbutamongtheeasiestforanewbullfightfantoappreciateintechnique.Thebanderillosarethree-foot,gailycoloreddartswithasmallfishhookprongintheend.Themanwhoisgoingtoplantthemwalksoutintothearenaalonewiththebull.Hisliftsthebandrillosatarm’slengthandpointsthemtowardthebull.Thenhecalls“Toro!Toro!”Thebullchargesandthebanderillerorisestohistoes,bendsinacurveforwardandjustasthebullisabouttohithimdropsthedartsintothebull'shumpjustbehindhishorns.斗牛策略三部曲的第一步是斗牛的入場，這時，斗牛士助手擾動來自斗牛的進攻，并且用長矛保護好他們的所騎之馬，然后，騎馬斗牛士離場。第二步是短茅槍的植入，這是最刺激和最困難的一步，在這一步驟中，斗牛士粉絲們最易欣賞到斗牛技巧，植入的短茅是一個三足、尾部帶有魚鉤的灰色標槍。這時斗牛人單獨同斗牛在舞臺中，他把短茅舉起有一臂高，直指對面的斗牛。然后他高喊道：“斗牛，斗牛”，當斗牛向他猛沖時，他抬起手把箭茅植入斗牛角后肉峰中。Theymustgoinevenly,oneoneachside.Theymustnotbeshoved,orthrownorstuckinfromtheside.Thisisthefirsttimethebullhasbeencompletelybaffled,thereistheprickofdartsthathecannotescapeandtherearenohorsesforhimtochargeinto.Buthechargesthemanagainandagainandeachtimehegetsapairofthelongbanderillosthathangfromhishumpbytheirtinybarbsandfloplikeporcupinequills.斗牛士們必須走動均勻，每人在一邊，他們必須不能讓牛撞擊，被摔倒或被牛角戮傷，這是斗牛第一次完全受挫，肩上帶刺的短茅槍擺脫不掉，并且沒有騎馬斗牛士被襲擊，因而它一次又一次向斗牛士猛沖，但每沖一次，它都被一副帶刺的短茅鉤在肉峰中，最后，它像豪豬一樣，砰地摔倒在地。Lastisthedeathofthebull,whichisinthehandsofthematadorwhohashadchargeofthebullsincehisfirstattack.Eachmatadorhastwobullsintheafternoon.Thedeathofthebullismostformalandcanonlybebroughtaboutinoneway