定語從句定語從句（AttributiveClauses）在句中做定語，修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞,詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞）引出。1.定語從句：定語從句是由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的從句，其作用是作定語修飾主句的某個(gè)名詞性成分，相當(dāng)于形容詞，所以又稱為形容詞性從句，一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞后面。2.關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞稱為關(guān)系詞，關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等；關(guān)系副詞有where,when,why等。關(guān)系詞常有3個(gè)作用：1.引導(dǎo)定語從句。2.代替先行詞。3.在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分。注：關(guān)系代詞有主語.賓語之分。一般whom作為賓語。4.定語：定語用來限定、修飾名詞或代詞的，是對(duì)名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用的詞、短語或句子，漢語中常用‘……的’表示。主要由形容詞擔(dān)任。此外，名詞，代詞，數(shù)詞，分詞，副詞，不定式以及介詞短語也可以來?yè)?dān)任，也可以由一個(gè)句子來?yè)?dān)任．單詞作定語時(shí)通常放在它所修飾的詞之前，作前置定語。短語和從句作定語時(shí)則放在所修飾的詞之后，作后置定語。先行詞：被定語從句修飾的名詞、代詞稱為先行詞。關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、定語等成分。關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí)，從句謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。1、who,whom,that這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中所起作用如下：(1)Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?他就是想見你的人嗎？（who/that在從句中作主語）(2)Heisthemanwhom/thatIsawyesterday.他就是我昨天見的那個(gè)人.（whom/that在從句中作賓語）2、Whose用來指人或物，(只用作定語,若指物，它還可以同ofwhich互換）(1)Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.那人車壞了，大家都跑過去幫忙。(2)Pleasepassmethebookwhose(ofwhich)coverisgreen.請(qǐng)遞給我那本綠皮的書。3、which,that它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等，例如：(1)Aprosperitywhich/thathadneverbeenseenbeforeappearsinthecountryside.農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未有的繁榮。（which/that在句中作主語）(2)Thepackage(which/that)youarecarryingisabouttocomeunwrapped.你拿的包快散了。(which/that在句中作賓語）一、關(guān)系代詞（在句中作主語、賓語或定語）1.that既可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它們?cè)趶木渲凶髦髡Z或賓語，that在從句中作賓語時(shí)常可省略關(guān)系詞，which在從句中作賓語也可以省略。[eg：thisisthebook（which）youwant。]2而且，如果which在從句中作“不及物動(dòng)詞＋介詞”的介詞的賓語，注意介詞不要丟掉，而且介詞總是放在關(guān)系代詞which的前邊，但有的則放在它原來的位置3.代表物時(shí)多用which，但在帶有下列詞的句子中用that而不用which，這些詞包括當(dāng)先行詞是anything,everything,nothing,none等不定代詞時(shí)，或者是由every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等修飾時(shí)等，這時(shí)的that常被省略還有先行詞前有序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí),或先行詞就是序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)時(shí).以及先行詞中既有人又有物時(shí).還有句中前面有which時(shí),都只能用that4.who和whom引導(dǎo)的從句用來修飾人，分別作從句中的主語和賓語，whom作賓語時(shí)，要注意它可以作動(dòng)詞的賓語也可以作介詞的賓語5.whose是關(guān)系代詞，修飾名詞作定語，相當(dāng)于所修飾成分的前置所有格.它引導(dǎo)的從句可以修飾人和物,當(dāng)它引導(dǎo)的從句修飾物體時(shí),可以與ofwhich調(diào)換,表達(dá)的意思一樣。二、關(guān)系副詞（在句中作狀語）關(guān)系副詞=介詞+關(guān)系代詞why=forwhichwhere=in/at/on/...which(介詞同先行詞搭配)when=during/on/in/...which(介詞同先行詞搭配)1.where是關(guān)系副詞，用來表示地點(diǎn)的定語從句。2.when引導(dǎo)定語從句表示時(shí)間［注］值得一提的是，表示時(shí)間“time"一詞的定語從句只用when引導(dǎo)，有時(shí)不用任何關(guān)系代詞，當(dāng)然也不用that引導(dǎo)。BythetimeyouarriveinLondon,wewillhavestayedtherefortwoweeks.IstillrememberthefirsttimeImether.Eachtimehegoestobusinesstrip,hebringsalotoflivingnecessities,suchastowels,soap,toothbrushetc。3.當(dāng)從句的邏輯主語是some,any,no,somebody,anybody,nobody,something,anything,everything或nothing時(shí)，常用thereis來引導(dǎo)Thereissomebodyherewhowantstospeaktoyou.這里有人要和你說話。三.關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句指人在從句中做主語(1)TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.在踢足球的男孩們是一班的.(2)YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.昨天，我?guī)椭艘粋€(gè)迷路的老人.2.whom指人，在定語從句中充當(dāng)賓語，常省略。（注：who和whom已無太大區(qū)別，基本可以通用。唯一區(qū)別是who可以做主語而whom不可以。）(1)Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedwithonthebus.劉先生就是在公交車上和你聊天的那個(gè)人.(2)Mr.LingisjusttheboywhomIwanttosee.凌先生恰巧就是我想見的那個(gè)男孩.(3)Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.你剛剛見到的那個(gè)人就是我的朋友.注意：關(guān)系代詞whom在口語和非正式語體中常用who代替，可省略。如果在從句中做賓語,就用whom或who.比如:Heisthemanwhom/whoItalkto.他就是那個(gè)和我聊天的男人.如果是在從句中作主語就只能用who.比如:HeisthemanwhohasanEnglishbook.他就是那個(gè)有英語書的男人.指物，在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時(shí)可省略。(1)Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.足球是大多數(shù)男孩都喜歡的游戲.(2)Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.這是他昨天剛買的鋼筆.4.that指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于who或者whom；指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于which。在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時(shí)可省略。(5)Thenumberofthepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityeachyearrisesonemillion.(6)Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句中做定語。(1)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.(2)Ioncelivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallen指物時(shí)，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來代替(3)Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.(4)Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.(5)Doyoulikethebookwhosecolorisyellow?(6)Doyoulikethebookthecolorofwhichisyellow?四.注意介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做介詞賓語時(shí)從句常由介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)(1)Theschool(that/which)heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.=Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.(2)TomorrowIwillbringhereamagazine(that/which)youaskedfor.=TomorrowIwillbringhereamagazineforwhichyouasked.(3)We’llgotohearthefamoussinger(whom/that/who)wehaveoftentalkedabout.=We’llgotohearthefamoussingeraboutwhomwehaveoftentalked.注意：1.含有介詞的動(dòng)詞短語一般不拆開使用，如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等TThisisthewatchwhich/thatIamlookingfor.(T＝正確)FThisisthewatchforwhichIamlooking.(F＝錯(cuò)誤)2.若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前，關(guān)系代詞指人時(shí)用whom，不可用who或者that；指物時(shí)用which，不能用that；關(guān)系代詞是所有格時(shí)用whose(1)Themanwithwhomyoutalkedismyfriend.(T)Themanwiththatyoutalkedismyfriend.(F)(2)TheplaneinwhichweflewtoCanadaisverycomfortable.(T)TheplaneinthatweflewintoCanadaisverycomfortable.(F)3.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”前可有some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,few等代詞或者數(shù)詞(1)Helovedhisparentsdeeply,bothofwhomareverykindtohim.(2)Inthebaskettherearequitemanyapples,someofwhichhavegonebad.(3)Therearefortystudentsinourclassinall,mostofwhomarefrombigcities.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞（一般情況下）that可用who,whom和which在從句做主語，謂動(dòng)詞的賓語，但是不能做介詞的賓語。which指物，在從句中作主語，謂語或賓語；who在從句中作主語；whom在從句中賓語；where在從句中修飾表地點(diǎn)的名詞，做地點(diǎn)狀語；when在從句中通常修飾表時(shí)間的名詞，做時(shí)間狀語；why在從句中做原因狀語，先行詞通常是"reason"有時(shí)why也可用for+which代替。五關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1.when指時(shí)間，在定語從句中做時(shí)間狀語(1)IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametotheschool.(2)Thetimewhenwegottogetherfinallycame.2.where指地點(diǎn)，在定語從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語(1)ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasborn.(2)ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.3.why指原因，在定語從句中做原因狀語(1)Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.(2)Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhelooksunhappytoday.注意：關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的從句可以由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的從句替換(1)Thereasonwhy/forwhichherefusedtheinvitationisnotclear,(2)Fromtheyearwhen/inwhichhewasgoingtoschoolhebegantoknowwhathewantedwhenhegrewup.六.判斷關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞方法一：用關(guān)系代詞，還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞。不及物動(dòng)詞后面無賓語，就必須要求用關(guān)系副詞或者是介詞加關(guān)系代詞；而及物動(dòng)詞后接賓語，則要求用關(guān)系代詞。例如：ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIstayedlastyear.I'llneverforgetthedayswhenIworkedtogetherwithyou.判斷改錯(cuò)（注：先顯示題，再顯示答案，橫線；用不同的顏色表示出。）（錯(cuò)）ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIvisitedlastyear.（錯(cuò)）IwillneverforgetthedayswhenIspentinthecountryside.（對(duì)）Thisisthemountainvillage(which)Ivisitedlastyear.（對(duì)）I'llneverforgetthedays(which)Ispentinthecountryside.習(xí)慣上總把表地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間的名詞與關(guān)系副詞where,when聯(lián)系在一起。此兩題錯(cuò)在關(guān)系詞的誤用上。方法二：準(zhǔn)確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主、謂、賓、定、狀)，也能正確選擇出關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞。例1.Isthismuseum___youvisitedafewdaysago?A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone例2.Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld?A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone答案：例1D，例2A例1變?yōu)榭隙ň洌篢hismuseumis___youvisitedafewdaysago.例2變?yōu)榭隙ň洌篢hisisthemuseum___theexhibitionwasheld.在句1中，is后應(yīng)跟表語，只有theone可以，而后面的youvisitedafewdaysago則做one的定語從句。而句2中,主、謂、賓俱全，從句部分為句子的狀語表地點(diǎn)，既可用副詞where，又因inthemuseum詞組，可用介詞in+which引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語。而此題中，介詞on用的不對(duì)，所以選A。關(guān)系詞的選擇依據(jù)在從句中所做的成分，先行詞在從句中做主、定、賓語時(shí)，選擇關(guān)系代詞(who,whom,that,which,whose)；先行詞在從句中做狀語時(shí)，應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞(where地點(diǎn)狀語，when時(shí)間狀語，why原因狀語)。七.關(guān)系代詞that的用法(1)不用that的情況(a)在引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句時(shí)。(錯(cuò))Thetree,thatisfourhundredyearsold,Isveryfamoushere.(b)介詞后不能用。Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.Wedependonthelandthat/whichwegetourfoodfrom.(2)只能用that作為定語從句的關(guān)系代詞的情況(a)在therebe句型中，只用that，不用which。(b)在不定代詞，如：anything,nothing,theone,all,much,few,any,little等作先行詞時(shí)，只用that，不用which。(c)先行詞有theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast,just修飾時(shí)，只用that。(d)先行詞為序數(shù)詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí)，只用that,不能用which。.(e)先行詞既有人，又有物時(shí)。(f)先行詞指物，在主句中作表語時(shí)．(g)為了避免重復(fù)．(h)先行詞是theway時(shí)舉例：Isthisthebookthatyouborrowedinthelibrary?這是你在圖書館借的那本書嗎？Whothatbreakthewindowshouldbepunished．誰打碎了窗戶都要受到懲罰．Allthatisneededisasupplyofoil.所需的只是供油問題。Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.那賊最終把偷的全部東西交給了警察。八.定語從句的難點(diǎn)分析（一）限制性定語從句只能用that的幾種情況1、當(dāng)先行詞是anything,everything,nothing(something除外),few,all,none,little,some等代詞時(shí)，或者是由every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much，each等修飾時(shí)(1)Haveyoutakendowneverything(that)Mr.Lihassaid?(2)Thereseemstobenothing(that)seemsimpossibleforhimintheworld.(3)Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.(4)Thereislittle(that)Icandoforyou.注意1：部分時(shí)候that可以省略，如部分例句將that用括號(hào)括住。注意2：當(dāng)先行詞指人時(shí)，偶爾也可以用who(4)Anymanthat/.whohasasenseofdutywon’tdosuchathing.2、當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinLondonwastheBigBen.3、當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen.4、當(dāng)形容詞被thevery,theonly，thesame,thelast修飾時(shí)(1)ThisistheverygooddictionarythatIwanttobuy,(2)Afterthefireinhishouse,theoldcaristheonlythingthatheowned.當(dāng)先行詞指人時(shí)，偶爾也可以用who(3)WangHuaistheonlypersoninourschoolwhowillattendthemeeting？5、當(dāng)先行詞前面有who,which等疑問代詞時(shí)(1)Whoisthemanthatisstandingthere?(2)WhichistheT-shirtthatfitsmemost?6、當(dāng)先行詞既有人，也有動(dòng)物或者物體時(shí)Canyourememberthescientistandhistheorythatwehavelearned?7.當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做表語Thevillageisnolongertheonethatitusedtobe10yearsago.(三）以theway為先行詞的定語從句通常由inwhich,that引導(dǎo)，而且通常可以省略。Thewayinwhich/that/./heansweredthequestionwassurprising.(四)but有時(shí)也可以做關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語從句Thereareveryfewbutunderstandhisidea。(but=whodon’t)(五)區(qū)分定語從句和同位語從句1、定語從句修飾先行詞，它和先行詞是修飾關(guān)系；同位語從句說明先行詞的具體內(nèi)容，是補(bǔ)充說明的關(guān)系(1)TheplanethathasjusttakenoffisforLondon.定語從句(2)Thefactthathehasbeendeadisclear.同位語從句2、定語從句由關(guān)系代詞或者關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)，關(guān)系詞在句中充當(dāng)成分，有時(shí)可以省略；同位語從句主要由that引導(dǎo)，在句中一般不做成分；句子也可以由when,where,how,why,whether,what等詞引導(dǎo)，充當(dāng)成分(1)Thenewshetoldmeistrue.(2)Thenewsthathehasjustdiedistrue.(3)Theproblemthatwearefacingnowishowwecancollectsomuchmoney.定語(4)Theproblemhowwecancollectsomuchmoneyisdifficulttosolve.［定語從句］介詞+關(guān)系詞1）介詞后面的關(guān)系詞不能省略。2）that前不能有介詞。3）某些在從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)或原因狀語的"介詞+關(guān)系詞"結(jié)構(gòu)可以同關(guān)系副詞when和where互換。例如：ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedtwoyearsago.這是我兩年前住過的房子。ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub？還記得你加入我們俱樂部的那一天嗎？Doyourememberthedaywhenyoujoinedourclub？定語從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)概念:1.在句子中修飾名詞或代詞，定語從句在句中充當(dāng)定語。2.定語從句必須有先行詞，并盡量靠近先行詞。3.在定語從句中，關(guān)系詞在從句中充當(dāng)成分。關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系代詞：指人：who(主格)，whom(賓格)，whose(所有格)指物：which(主格，賓格)，whose(所有格)指人或物：that關(guān)系副詞：when,where,why結(jié)論：先行詞有下列情況或附有下列修飾語時(shí),通常關(guān)系代詞that1)先行詞是all，no，none，everyone，something，much，little等。2)先行詞前有序數(shù)詞,形容詞最高級(jí)，thelast，thesame，theonly等。3)如果先行詞中既含有表示人的名詞又有表示物的名詞時(shí)。4)若主句中有疑問代詞who，which為了避免重復(fù),關(guān)系代詞不要再用who，which。結(jié)論：介詞﹢關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句，關(guān)鍵是判斷介詞的選擇，方法一是看從句謂語部分缺少什么介詞(習(xí)慣搭配)，再則可以通過整個(gè)句子整體含義來判斷，結(jié)合生活實(shí)際來判斷。練習(xí)place_______interestedmemostwastheChildren'sPalace.A.WhichB.whereC.whatD.inwhichyouknowtheman_______?A.whomIspokeB.towhospokeC.IspoketoD.thatIspokeisthehotel_______lastmonth.A.whichtheystayedB.atthattheystayedC.wheretheystayedatD.wheretheystayedyouknowtheyear______theChineseCommunistPartywasfounded?A.whichB.thatC.whenD.onwhichistheday______I'llneverforget.A.whichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.whenfactory______we'llvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.A.whereB.towhichC.whichD.inwhichchangeshavetakenplacesincetheninthefactory_______weareworking.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.thereisoneofthebestfilms_______.A.thathavebeenshownthisyearB.thathaveshownC.thathasbeenshownthisyearD.thatyoutalkedyoulendmethebook______theotherday?A.aboutwhichyoutalkedB.whichyoutalkedC.aboutthatyoutalkedD.thatyoutalkedpen______heiswritingismine.A.withwhichB.inwhichC.onwhichD.bywhicharrivedatafarmhouse,infrontof______satasmallboy.A.whomB.whoC.whichD.thatengineer______myfatherworksisabout50yearsold.A.towhomB.onwhomC.withwhichD.withwhomthereanyoneinyourclass______familyisinthecountry?A.whoB.who'sC.whichD.whose'minterestedin______youhavesaid.A.allthatB.allwhatC.thatD.whichtalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons________theyrememberedintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.whatletterisfrommysister,______isworkinginBeijing.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.whoourfactorythereare2,000workers,twothirdsof____arewomen.A.themB.whichC.whomD.who'retheonlyperson______I'veevermet______coulddoit.A.who;/B./;whomC.whom;/D./;wholostabook,______Ican'tremembernow.A.whosetitleB.itstitleC.thetitleofitD.thetitleofthatsummerwevisitedtheWestLake,______Hangzhouisfamousintheworld.A.forwhichB.forthatC.inwhichD.whatcanneverforgettheday_______weworkedtogetherandtheday______wespenttogether.A.when;whichB.which;whenC.what;thatD.onwhich;whenisthereason______hedidn'tcometothemeeting.A.inwhichB.withwhichC.thatD.forwhichreason______hedidn'tcomewas______hewasill.A.why;that;whyC.forthat;thatwhich;whatisthemagazine_______Icopiedtheparagraph.A.thatB.whichC.fromthatD.fromwhich39.Youcandependonwhateverpromise_______hemakes.A./B.whyC.whenD.whose42.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears_______Ilivedonthefarmwiththefarmers,_______hasagreateffectonmylife.A.when;whoB.that;whichC.which;thatD.when;which練習(xí)答案詳解1.A.which用作關(guān)系代詞，在定語從句中作主語。2．C."和誰講話”要說speaktosb.本題全句應(yīng)為DoyouknowthemanwhomIspoketo.。whom是關(guān)系代詞，作介詞to的賓語，可以省略。3.D.where是關(guān)系副詞，表示地點(diǎn)，在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。4.C.when是關(guān)系副詞，表示時(shí)間，在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語。5．A.which是關(guān)系代詞，在從句中作forget的賓語。其他幾個(gè)答案都不能作賓語。6．C.解析同第5題。7.A.解析見第3題。8.A.本句話的先行詞應(yīng)該是films,因此，關(guān)系代詞that是負(fù)數(shù)概念，其謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)述的被動(dòng)語態(tài)havebeenshown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠詞the，則theone應(yīng)該視為先行詞。9.A.“談到某事物”應(yīng)說talkaboutsth.。about是介詞，其后要用which作賓語，不能用that。10.A.withwhich是"介詞+關(guān)系代詞"結(jié)構(gòu),常用來引導(dǎo)定語從句.with有"用"的意思,介詞之后只能用which,不能用that.withwhich在定語從句中作狀語,即heiswritingwithapen.11.C.infrontofwhich即infrontofafarmhouse.Infrontofwhich在從句中作狀語.12.D.withwhom引導(dǎo)定語從句.withwhom放在從句中即為:myfatherworkswiththeengineer.13.D.whose引導(dǎo)定語從句,在從句中作主語family的定語.14.A.that引導(dǎo)定語從句,因?yàn)橄刃性~是all,所以只能選用that引導(dǎo).15.D.thesame……..as是固定用法,as引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí),可以作主語,賓語或表語.在本句話中,as作從句的主語.16.D.such………as是固定用法,as引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí),可以作主語,賓語或表語.在本題中,as作表語.17.B.as作關(guān)系代詞可以單獨(dú)用來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。這時(shí)as所指代的不是主句中某個(gè)名詞，而往往指代整個(gè)主句的含義。as在從句中可以作主語、賓語。從句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中,as作賓語.18.B.LiMingenjoyeditverymuch是主句,withwhomIwenttotheconcert是定語從句.withwhom放在從句中為:IwenttotheconcertwithLiMing.19.C.as引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)通常構(gòu)成such…as或thesame…as固定搭配，其中such和same修飾其后的名詞，as為關(guān)系代詞，指代其前的名詞引導(dǎo)定語從句。as在從句中可以作主語、表語或賓語。Such修飾單數(shù)名詞時(shí),要用sucha……..,本題中suchbooks,such直接修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞.20.B.things和persons是先行詞.當(dāng)定語從句要修飾的先行詞是既表示人,又表示物的名詞時(shí),其關(guān)系代詞要用that.21.D.who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,who作從句的主語.22.C.twothirdsofwhom即:twothirdsofthe2,000workers.23.D.先行詞person后有兩個(gè)定語從句,第一個(gè)從句省略了關(guān)系代詞whom.因?yàn)?whom作從句中met的賓語,可以省略.第二個(gè)從句whocoulddo在從句中作主語,不可