從句專項總結練習

英語句子分為簡單句,并列句和復合句.其中復合句是指通過引導詞將兩個或兩個以上簡單句連接在一起的句子.引導詞引導的句子就是從句.初中主要學習了_________,____________和___________,此外還有___________,___________,____________(高中學習).從

句賓語從句定語從句狀語從句主語從句表語從句同位語從句1.主語+系動詞+表語+定語.2.主語+謂語+賓語.3.主語(定語)+謂語+賓語(定語)+狀語是一個句子,則是表語從句是一個句子,則是主語從句是一個句子,則是賓語從句是一個句子,則是定語從句是一個句子,則是狀語從句同位語的位置是一個句子,則是同位語從句summary:

賓語從句:1.在復合句中,賓語位置是一個句子,這個句子就是賓語從句.______和_____后是賓語.(注意雙賓語時,發出賓語從句的動詞可能不和從句緊挨著.另外有時發出賓語從句的動詞后面可能有副詞修飾,這時也不緊挨著,一定要能辨認出來)2.⑴作為賓語從句的簡單句是陳述句時,關聯詞用_______,可省略.

⑵作為賓語從句的簡單句是一般疑問句時,關聯詞用_____________.賓語從句的語序一定是__________語序.

⑶作為賓語從句的簡單句是特殊疑問句時,關聯詞用_______________.賓語從句的語序一定是____________語序.3.關聯詞that通常可省略.但以下情況不可以省略.⑴__________________________.

⑵_______________________________.⑶_________________________________.that陳述句介詞陳述句特殊疑問詞動詞賓語從句的主語是that

主句和賓語從句之間有插入語if/whether賓語從句是前面動詞的直接賓語賓語從句4.作為賓語從句的簡單句是一般疑問句時,關聯詞用if/whether.通常情況下if和whether可以互換,但以下幾種情況只能用whether.⑴________________________

⑵_________________

⑶_______________5.學習賓語從句,注意的兩大問題⑴

賓語從句的語序一定是___________語序.⑵賓語從句的時態要和主句________________.主句是現在時態,從句_____________________________.主句是過去時態,從句用__________________.具體歸納為:一般現在時變_____________,一般過去時變________________,現在進行時變________________,過去進行時不變,一般將來時變__________________,過去將來時不變.現在完成時變___________________,過去完成時不變.如果是客觀真理,用_________________.6.當賓語從句由疑問句充當,而主句和從句的主語一致時,可以寫成________

___________的省略形式.賓語從句中有ornot動詞不定式前介詞后陳述句保持一致該用什么時態用什么時態過去的相應時態一般過去時過去完成時過去進行時過去將來時過去完成時一般現在時特殊疑問詞+todo賓語從句7.當主句的謂語動詞think/suppose/guess/believe/imagine/consider/expect等,而主語又是第一人稱時,從句的否定要_________.其反義疑問句與______一致.而主語不是第一人稱的與__________一致.Exercise:寫出句子的反義疑問句及回答.1.Idon’tthinkhecanswim.(我認為他不會游泳.)Idon’tthinkhecanswim,canhe?Yes,hecan(不,他會)./No,hecan’t(是的,他不會).2.Wethinkheiswrong.Wethinkheiswrong,isn’the?Yes,heis(是的,他是)./No,heisn’t.(不,他不是)3.Theythinkthatthenewsistrue.Theythinkthatthenewsistrue,don’tthey?Yes,theydo(是的,他是)/No,theydon’t.(不,他們不是)4.Hedoesn’tthinkcatsarethecleverestanimals.Hedoesn’tthinkcatsarelovelyanimals,doeshe?Yes,hedoes/No,hedoesn’t.前移從句主句不,他認為/是的,他不認為.表語從句和主語從句1.表語從句:在復合句中,________后面如果是一個句子,這個句子就是表語從句.引導表語從句的連接詞有:_____________________________________________________________________等.注意沒有if.表語從句引導詞后面也是________語序.2.主語從句:在復合句中,主語位置如果是一個句子,這個句子就是主語從句.⑴引導主語從句的詞有:__________________________________________________________________________________________等.注意沒有if.主語從句引導詞后面也是_______語序.⑵為了避免頭重腳輕,主語從句可以放在后面,即,______________________________結構,其中that從句是主語,it是____________.⑶句子作主語時謂語動詞用_________,除非句子明確表達復數意義.⑷主語從句的時態不受主句時態限制,該是什么時態就是什么時態.⑸引導詞that通常和表語從句一樣不省略.在句中不充當任何成分,也無詞義.whether,who,why,where,when,because,asif,whatwhich,how,that,陳述句形式主語that,whether,who,why,where,when,what,which,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,how陳述句Itis+adj./n./pp+that從句單數系動詞定語從句1.在復合句中,定語位置是一個句子,這個句子就是定語從句.被定語從句修飾的詞或短語叫__________,引導定語從句的詞,叫_________________,如________________________________________________________等.關系詞指代________,在定語從句中充當一定的成分.2.先行詞是人時,關系詞在定語從句中如果充當主語,用___________,不可省略.如果充當賓語,關系詞可用__________________,可省略.如果關系詞后是名詞,用_________.表所屬關系.3.先行詞是物時,關系詞用______________,充當主語時不可省略.4.先行詞是reason時,關系詞用______.5.先行詞是時間時,關系詞在從句中充當賓語和主語時用_________________,充當狀語時用___________或者__________________.6.先行詞是地點時,關系詞在從句中充當賓語和主語時用_________________,充當狀語時用___________或者__________________.who/thatwhich,that,先行詞who,why,where,when,which,whom,whose先行詞關系詞/引導詞who/whom/thatwhosewhich/thatwhywhich/thatwhen介詞+whichwhich/thatwhere介詞+which定語從句7.定語從句中只能用that作關系代詞的情況.⑴_________________________________________⑵_______________________________________________________________⑶________________________________________⑷_____________________________⑸_________________________________________________8.定語從句中只能用which作關系代詞的情況.⑴___________________________⑵____________________________9.關系詞that/which/who充當從句主語時,謂語動詞的數和__________保持一致.10.定語從句分為限制性定語從句和_____________________,區別在于非限制性定語從句與主句用________隔開,起補充說明作用.如果沒有它,不影響句子完整.先行詞有人有物先行詞有theonly,thevery,thelast,all,no,little,few,any等限制詞主句是以which或who開始的特殊疑問句先行詞有序數詞或最高級限定先行詞是all,something等不定代詞時先行詞關系代詞前有介詞時非限制性定語從句逗號先行詞本身為that,those等定語從句7.定語從句中只能用that作關系代詞的情況.⑴_________________________________________⑵_______________________________________________________________⑶________________________________________⑷_____________________________⑸_________________________________________________8.定語從句中只能用which作關系代詞的情況.⑴___________________________⑵____________________________9.關系詞that/which/who充當從句主語時,謂語動詞的數和__________保持一致.10.定語從句分為限制性定語從句和_____________________,區別在于非限制性定語從句與主句用________隔開,起補充說明作用.如果沒有它,不影響句子完整.先行詞有人有物先行詞有theonly,thevery,thelast,all,no,little,few,any等限制詞主句是以which或who開始的特殊疑問句先行詞有序數詞或最高級限定先行詞是all,something等不定代詞時先行詞關系代詞前有介詞時非限制性定語從句逗號先行詞本身為that,those等狀語從句1.句子中充當狀語的是句子,這個句子就是狀語從句.英語中用來說明地點,時間,原因,目的,結果,條件,方向,程度,方式,伴隨狀況等的句子成分稱為_____.所以狀語從句可分為_______________,_______________,_______________,_______________,_______________,_______________,_______________,_______________,______________等.狀語從句都必須有一個_______來引導,這些連詞都是有意義的.2.⑴條件狀語從句:引導詞有:________________________.含有條件狀語從句的復合句中如果主句是_______________________或_______________________,則從句用_____________________,簡稱”主將從現”.⑵時間狀語從句:引導詞有:_________________________________________________________________________________等.其中when從句的謂語動詞可以是延續性和__________動詞.而while從句的謂語動詞只能是_________.如果主句和從句都是進行時用_________.as強調_____________._______后通常加過去時的從句,這時主句通常用____________時.bythetime后如果是一般過去時,主句用____________.比較狀語從句時間狀語從句原因狀語從句地點狀語從句狀語方式狀語從句結果狀語從句條件狀語從句讓步狀語從句目的狀語從句連詞ifunlessaslongas一般將來時祈使句含有情態動詞一般現在時whenwhileasafterbeforeassoonassinceuntill/tillbythetime非延續性延續性的while一邊…一邊since現在完成過去完成時狀語從句含_______,_________,_________,________,______和___________復合句也適用主將從現.⑶結果狀語從句:引導詞:________,______________和____________._________以致講時表結果,以便于講時是目的狀語從句.so/such…that往往和too…to,enoughto句型可以轉換.Exercise:1.ThisboxissoheavythatIcan’tcarryit.同義句:________________________________________________________________________________________________2.Thisroomissosmallthatwecan’tliveinit.同義句:________________________________________________________________________________________________assoonaswhilebeforeafterwhensuch…thatsothatso…thatsothatuntilThisboxistooheavyformetocarry.Thisboxisn’tlightenoughformetocarry.其賓語在前面,不及物動詞后面的介詞不要丟掉.其賓語在前面,所以不再+itThisroomistoosmallforustolivein.such…that和so…that的區別同such和so:1._________________________2.________________________________3.______________4.________________________5._______________________________.Thisroomisn’tbigenoughforustolivein.adj.+不可數n/n復數such+a/an+adj.+n單數such+so/such…that后+句子另兩個結構to后+(forsb.)+動詞原形so+adj./adv.so+adj+.a/an+n單數so+many/much/few/little+n狀語從句⑷原因狀語從句:引導詞有:________,______,_______.回答why時必須用___________.語氣最強_________和______不能用于同一個句子.________既然,語氣較弱,表間接的附帶原因._______由于,語氣更弱,表顯而易見的原因.⑸讓步狀語從句:引導詞有:________,__________,______________________和________________________________________.___________________和_____不在同一個句子中使用,但可以和_______連用._________還可以作副詞,用在句尾.讓步狀語從句也遵循主將從現原則.⑹比較狀語從句:引導詞有:___________,______________,________________和______等.Exercise:Tomisn’tas/sohard-workingasTony.同義句:_____________________________________⑺目的狀語從句:引導詞有:_________和______________,可譯成目的是,以便于,為了.⑻地點狀語從句:引導詞有:__________(在…的地方)等.⑼方式狀語從句:引導詞有:______________(好像,似乎),_________(以…的方式)soasbecausesincebecauseeventhough/evenifnomatteralthoughthoughbecausesinceasyetbut+特殊疑問詞/特殊疑問詞everinorderthatalthough/thoughnotso/as…asas…asthesameasthoughthanTomislesshard-workingthanTony.wheresothatasif/thoughtheway一.選擇題:1._____isapity_____Ididn’tmeethimyesterday.A.That

that

B.Thisit

C.it

that2.TomcanspeakEnglishverywell,_______heisonlyfour.A.aslongas

B.although

C.asif3.Thegirlis______young________shecan’tlookafterherself.A.sothatB.suchthatC.tooto4.I

willcallyouwhenI_________theretomorrow.A.getB.willarriveat

C.willreach5.Ican’trememberallpeopleandthings_________Ihavemet.A.whichB.whoC.that6.________Igottotheparty,mostofmyfriendhadshownup.A.After

B.AssoonasC.BythetimeCBAACitis+n.+that從句,it形式主語,that從句是真正的主語,主語從句.盡管只有四歲so修飾形容詞C時間狀語從句,主將從現二空兒后句子,C不行過去完成時的標志先行詞既有人又有物,引導詞用that7.Dalianisthebestcity________Ihavevisited.A.whichB.thatC.where8.Thefirstpersonwho_________tothelinewillgetagift.A.runB.ranC.runs9.Anotherpopularideais________Stonehengemightbeakindofcalendar.A.whatB.thatC.which10.Wedon’tbelieveitcanbechildrenplaying,______?A.doweB.doyouC.canit11.Iwonderwho_____tocampingwithme.A.youwillgoB.willgoC.gowill12.Iwonderwho_____tocampingwith?A.IwillgoB.willgoC.willIgo13.Hetoldchildrenthatthere_____fourseasonsinayear.A.wereB.wasC.areBCBCB先行詞前有最高級,引導詞只能用that表語從句,意思完整,that引導A引導詞who指代先行詞perpson,作主語,單數主句主語一人稱,謂語believe,否定前移,反義疑問句跟從句一致.賓語從句的主語是who,所以who后

直接+助動詞賓語從句中who作with的賓語,who后陳述句語序客觀真理用一般現在時C14.Iwenttomyfavoriteteaplace_______itwastwoblocksfrommyoffice.A.becauseB.sothatC.evenif15.Ijoinedtheothersoutsidetosee________wasgoingon.A.that

B.whichC.what16._______hisfathersaidmadehimthinkcarefully.A.what

B.thatC.which17.Whydon’tyouaskAlicetojoinyou______youdosomethingwithJulie?A.beforeB.eachtimeC.assoonas18._____I’mfrom,we’reprettyrelaxedabouttime.A.whereB.whenC.which19.Wesee_____manyofourfriends_______wecan.A.asasB.soasC.sothat20.Themusicbringsusbacktotheolddays_____peopletrustedeachother.A.whichB.whileC.whenCCABA即使謂語動詞前主語從句,主語從句不完整,沒有說的內容,填whatA動詞后賓語從句,什么正在發生每次,引導時間狀語從句我來自的地方,引導地點狀語從句盡我們所能先行詞是時間,在定語從句中作狀語,所以用whenC21._______shewasstudyingabroadinEngland,sheheardasong.A.WhenB.whileC.aslongas22.Couldyoutellme________themeetingwillbeheldtodayornot?A.whetherB.ifC.who23.Whatheneeds_______theshirtofahappypersontowear.A.isB.areC.does24.Basketballisamuch-lovedandactivesport______isenjoyedbymany.A.\B.whatC.that25.BasketballwasinventedbyadoctornamedJames,_____wasbornin1861.A.whoB.thatC.it26.Beingblindissomething_____mostpeoplecan’timagine.A.whichB.thatC.who27.Yesterdayhewenttothevillage_____hisfamilylivesbefore.A.whichB.whenC.whereBAACA過去進行時,用while主語從句,句子作主語當三單B和whether連用引導詞指代先行詞sport,作定語從句的主語,不能省略非限制性定語從句,先行詞是人,用who,不用that先行詞是不定代詞,引導詞用that指代先行詞village,作定語從