北京市朝陽區2020~2021學年高三上學期期中質量檢測英語試題_第1頁
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試卷第試卷第10頁,總11頁試卷第試卷第7頁,總11頁北京市朝陽區2020?2021學年高三上學期期中質量檢測英語試題學校:姓名:班級:考號:一、完形填空OneMothertoAnotherOnWednesdayevening,ourdaughter,whowasataboardingschoolover200kilometersaway,toldusthatshehadlostherphonewhenshetookpartinanactivityoffcampus.Werealizedthatwehadlittlechanceoffindingit.Thenextmorning,myphonebeeped(嗶嗶響)loudly.Akindvoiceannouncedthatshehadsomethingthatbelongedtomydaughter.I1thatIlivedathree-hourdriveaway,andtoldherIwouldaskafriendtofetchthephone.Mydaughterhadwrittenmynumberontheinsideofherphone'scase—goodthinking!AftercontactingthepeopleIknowwholivedneartheschool,Iwasoutof2一noonecouldgoand3thephone,notsurprisinglyasitwastheworkingdayandeveryonewasbusy.Idecidedtoasktheladytopostthephonetomydaughter.ButwhenIsentheratexttoaskifthiswouldbeOK,shereplied,“Wewill4itandwe'regoingtodrivedowntotheboardingschooltonight."Tomy5,thiswonderfulcouple,whohadalreadyspentabusydayatwork,wasmakingaroundtriponthenight,6forreturningaphonetoacompletestranger.Howtouchingitwas!Igavethemdirectionsandthey7thephoneintothehandsofmydaughteratherboardinghouse.Theonlywordofanexplanationwas,“I'vegotchildrenofmyown,andIknowhowamother8."Wehadthoughtthatthechanceofgettingbackthephonewas9,butwegotitbackinsuchashorttime.Itwasawonderfulreminderofthegoodintheworldandhowtheactionsofonepersoncan10theworldtoanother.1.A.suggestedB.reportedC.explainedD.argued2.A.dateB.luckC.workD.control3.A.pickupB.carryoutC.handinD.giveaway4.A.findB.showC.missD.take5.A.regretB.surpriseC.amusementD.disappointment6.A.especiallyB.certainlyC.definitelyD.probably7AconductedBarrangedCdeliveredDidentified8AdoubtsBinterestsCpredictsDworries9AfreeBslimChardDfair10AtellBfaceCmeanDjoin二、用單詞的適當形式完成短文閱讀下列短文,根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當的單詞,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。Ilovemycampusverymuch.IthasalotofbuildingstraditionalinChinesestylebutmoderninequipment.Havingclassesinthemalways11(make)mefeelexcitedwiththebusyworldandrelaxedaboutthelonghistoryofournation.Outofthehousesarebeautifulgardens12.(surround)bytrees.Inthemorning,wereadaloudbythelakeorbehindthehill.TheairissofreshandsweetthatveryoftenIthinkhow13.(luck)Iamtostudyinsuchabeautifulcampus.閱讀下列短文,根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當的單詞,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。Whalesusesoundtogetinformationaroundthem.Byconstantly14.(send)outsoundsthathitunderwaterobjectsandcomeback,whalesreceiveinformation.ThiswayofusingsoundiscalledsonarRecently,scientistshavefoundthatwhales15(harm)bythepowerfulsonarcomingfromships.Thisproblemisbeingstudied,andpeople'slevelofawarenessoftheproblemis16.(high)thaneverbefore.Nowshipsaroundtheworldaretryingtobemorecarefulwhenusingsonar.閱讀下列短文,根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當的單詞,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。Ruleshelpuslivetogetherinacommunity.Atmylocalpark,thereisasignthatreads,“Keepoffthegrass."Becauseourcommunityhasaneedforanicegreenspac17.(relax),weareexpectedtokeepourparkcleanandingoodconditionforeveryone'senjoyment.Ifonepersonbreakstherules,morepeople18(follow)himanddowhattheywant.Inacommunity,rulesareinplacetoprotecteveryone.Whatwedoand19.weactaffecteveryone,notjustourselves.Weneedrulesinordertolive20.(safe).三、閱讀選擇ArbeiaRomanFort(城堡)andMuseumLocationandHistoryArbeiaRomanFortissituatedonHadrian'sWall.ItwasthemostimportantstructurebuiltbytheRomansinBritain,andnowithasbeenaWorldHeritage(遺產)Site.BuiltaroundAD160,ArbeiaRomanFortwasthemilitarysupplybaseforthesoldierswhowerestationedalongHadrian'sWall.Theforthasbeengraduallyuncoveredandsomeoriginalpartshavebeenrevealed.TherearereconstructionsthatshowhowArbeiaRomanFortwouldhavelooked.TheReconstructionsThereconstructionsoftheCommandingOfficer'shouseandsoldiers'quartersarestrikinglydifferent.Theaccommodationforsoldiersisdarkanduncomfortable,whiletheCommandingOfficer'shouseisspaciousandluxurious,withcourtyardswithfountainsforhimandhisfamilytoenjoy.TheMuseumVisitthemuseumandseemanyobjectsthatwerefoundatArbeia.Theyarehistoricallyimportantandshowwhatdailylifewasreallylikeatthattime.Youwillseeweapons,tools,jewellery,andsoon.YoucanalsodiscoverhowtheRomansburiedtheirdeadandseetombstones(墓碑)whichsurvivetothisday.Thereisa“hand-son”areaallowingvisitorstodigonacertainsiteandstudytheirfindingswiththehelpofmuseumstaff.Youcanpiecetogetherpottery(陶器),ortrywritingjustastheRomanswouldhavedone.Forchildren,theycanbuildthisancientRomanfortwithbuildingblocksbythemselves.OpeningTimesandGettingThereApril1-October31:MondaytoSaturday10:00am-5:00pm,Sunday2:00pm-5:00pm.November1-March31:MondaytoSaturday11:00am-4:00pm,closedSunday.(ClosedDecember25-26andJanuary1)

Entryisfree.Arbeiaisonlyaten-minutewalkfromthebusstationatSouthShields.Freecarparknearby.Website:/r/.uk/arbeia21.Accordingtothepassage,ArbeiaRomanFortA.A.wasrelatedtothemilitaryC.wasbuiltinasmallareainRome22.Whatcanvisitorsdointhemuseum?A.Seehistoricalobjects.C.WritetoancientRomans.23.WhattimedoesArbeiaRomanFortclose?B.gotreconstructionsaroundAD160D.providedacomfortablelifeforsoldiersB.Buildtombstonesforthedead.D.Tryusingoldtoolsandweapons.A.OnApril1.B.OnOctober31.C.OnNovember1.D.OnDecember26.Learningtosay“yes,and”WhenIfirstheardabouttheimprovisation(即興交流)class,Iwashesitating.Asaquietandshygirl,Ifearedimprovisinginfrontofstrangers.However,IknewIwantedtoworkasasciencecommunicatorafterfinishingmyPh.D.,soitseemedlikeaperfectopportunitytolearnhowtospeakandcommunicatewithotherseffectively.Isignedup,knowingtheexperiencewouldgivemehelp.Duringourfirstclass,welearnedanimportantconceptofimprovisation:“yes,and.”Itmeansthat,asimprovisers,we'dbetteracceptwhatfellowperformerssay.Ifsomeonesaysthatrhinos(犀牛)arelibrarians,forexample,thenrhinosarelibrarians.Wedonotquestionthelogic;wesay“yes”andthencontinuewiththesceneasifnothingiswrong.Thefirstfewsceneswerehard,butasweeksturnedintomonths,Ibecamemorecomfortableandevenstartedtoenjoyourclasses.Ibecamebetteratlistening,relatingtomyconversationpartners,andcommunicatingclearlyinthemoment.OncewhenIwasgivingapresentationaboutmyscience,anaudiencemembersurprisedmewithaquestionthatdidn'tgrowoutoftheinformationI'dpresented.Insteadofgettingconfusedandnervous,Itookthe“yes,and”approach—acceptingthequestionandlettingmymindfocusonwhyitwasasked.Thathelpedmefindanappropriateanswer.Igotprettyexcitedaboutit.Thebenefitsofimprovisationgobeyondcommunication.Beforeattendingtheclass,Iwouldgetstuckwhenmyexperimentsproducedunexpecteddata,thinkingthatIhadmadeamistake.Butnow,insteadofgettingdiscouraged,Iwillstayopentothepossibilitythattheresultsarereal,keepexploringthedataandendupidentifyinganewtypeofcell—onethatisn'tbehavingasexpected.Ithinkallscientistscanbenefitfromthislesson.Ifthedatasayrhinosarelibrarians,thenit'sworthfindingoutwhetherrhinosare,infact,librarians.Asscientists,ourjobisn'ttochallengedatathatsupportapreconceived(先入為主的)story,buttosay“yes,and.”24.Whydidtheauthorattendtheimprovisationclass?A.Togetadifferentexperience.B.TofinishherPh.D.atuniversity.C.Togiveupherjobasasciencecommunicator.D.Toimproveherspeakingandcommunicatingability.25.Whatwastheauthor'schangeafterattendingtheimprovisationclass?A.Sheformedherownideaquickly.B.Shecameupwithlotsofcreativeresponses.C.Shepaidmoreattentiontothelogicofanswers.D.Shebecameagoodlistenerbeforegivinganopinion.26.Theauthormentionsapplyingthe“yes,and”approachtoherscientificexperimentstoA.explaintheprocessofusingthemethodB.provethebenefitsoftheimprovisationclassC.shareherownresearchexperienceswithreadersD.attractfellowscientiststoattendtheimprovisationclass27.Whatcanbeinferredaboutscientistsfromthelastparagraph?A.Theyshouldattendtheimprovisationclass.B.Theyshouldquestionallpreconceivedideas.C.Theyshouldcarryonresearchbyadmittingearlierdata.D.Theyshouldtrytoimprovetheirprofessionalknowledge.SuccessandRiskinExtremeSportsWhatisitthatdrivessometotakeextremerisks,whiletherestofushurryforthesafetyofthesidelines?LesterKeller,sports-psychologyexpert,saysthatnoteveryonehasthementalmakeuptodowellinextremesports.Henotesthatmostofushitanaturalceilingthatlimitsourappetiteforextremeriskintrickyconditions.Butothershaveamuchhighertoleranceforrisk.Kellerpointstoatopskiracer.HetoldKellerthat“thehighelementofriskmakesyoufeelalive,testswhatyouaremadeofandhowfaryoucantakeyourself”.Hesaidhewouldgetnervousonsomeofthecourses,butthatthiswouldjustmakehimfightmore.Psychologistsnotethatsomepeopleseemtohaveastrongdesireforadrenaline(腎上腺素)rushesasabehaviorseekingexcitedfeelings.Likemanyextremeathletes,EmilyCook'sappetiteforriskappearedatayoungage.“Iwasagymnast,”shesaid.“Iwasoneofthosekidswhoenjoyedanddidwellatanythingwhereyouwereupsidedown.”Asshestarteddoinghardertricks,shewasdrawntothechallenge.“Therearemomentswhenyou'reuptheredoinganewtrickanditseemslikeanimpossiblething.Butovercomingthatisjustthecoolestfeelingintheworld.”ShaneMurphy,sportsprofessor,hasworkedwithgroupsclimbingEverest.“Tome,thatjustseemsliketheheightofrisk,”hesaid.“Buttothemitwasthenextstepinanactivitythatthey'vepreparedforyears.”Murphysaidtheviewofextremeathletesisdifferentfromourown.“Welookatariskysituationandknowthatifwewereinthatsituationwewouldbeoutofcontrol.Butfromtheathletes'view,theyhavealotofcontrol,andtherearemanythingsthattheydotominimizerisk.”Anotheraspectofriskperception(認知)maybesomethingreferredtoas“theflow”,astateinwhichmanyathletesbecomeabsorbedintheactsthatfocusthemindcompletelyonthepresent.“Somethingthatmakesyoutrydoingatougherclimbthanusual,perhaps,isthatyouradrenalineflowsandyoubecomeveryconcentratedonwhatyou'redoing,”Murphysays.“Afterit'sover,there'sgreatexcitement.”Peopleofdifferentskilllevelsexperiencetheflowatdifferenttimes.Somemayalwaysbedriventoadventuresthatothersconsiderextreme.“Icanenjoyhittingatennisballaround,becausethat'smyskilllevel,”Murphysays.“ButothersmightneedthechallengeofOlympiccompetition.”28.Byusingtheterm“naturalceiling”inParagraph2,LesterKellerpointsoutthat.A.extremeathletesmustlearnspecialskillsB.extremeathleteshavechancestotakerisksC.manypeopledon'twanttodoextremesportsD.manypeoplecan'tlimitdesireforextremesports29.WhatdoesShaneMurphythinkaboutthemountainclimbershementions?A.Theyputinlotsofpreparationforchallenges.B.Theyaremorefortunatethanothersportspeople.C.Theycarrylittleriskwhenfacingbigchallenges.D.Theyhavespecialreasonsthatotherscan'teasilyunderstand.30.WhatmainpointismadeinParagraph5?A.Extremeathletesusetechniquesotherpeopledon'tuse.B.Non-athletesareprobablywisenottotryextremesports.C.Mostpeoplelackthefocusrequiredtotakebiggerrisks.D.Acertainstateofmindmakesattemptinganactivitymorelikely.31.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.A.risk-takingissomethingyoueithernaturallydooravoidB.thosewhotakerisksaremorelikelytobesuccessfulinlifeC.extremeathletesaredrivenbyaneedtobebetterthanothersD.takingpartinextremesportsisnotasdifficultaspeoplethinkRoundandRoundTheyGoSpaceisbecomingmorecrowded.Quiteafewlow-Earth-orbit(LEO)satelliteshavebeenlaunchedintothesky,whicharedesignedtomovearoundtheEarthonlyafewhundredkilometresaboveitssurface.SpaceXandOneWebplantolaunchLEOsatellitesintheirthousands,nothundreds,todoublethetotalnumberofsatellitesinorbit(軌道)by2027.ThatpromisestochangethingsonEarth.LEOsatellitescanbringInternetconnectivitytoplaceswhereitisstillunavailable.Thiswillalsobeasourceofnewdemandforthespaceeconomy.MorganStanley,abank,projectsthatthespaceindustrywillgrowfrom$350billionin2016tomorethan$1.1trillionby2040.NewInternetsatelliteswillaccountforhalfthisincrease.Forthattohappen,however,threeworriesmustbeovercome.Debris(碎片)isthemostfamiliarconcern.Whenenoughsatelliteswerepackedintolow-Earthorbits,anycollision(碰撞)couldcauseachainreactionwhichwouldeventuallydestroyallspaceships.OnesolutionistograbthesatelliteswithproblemsandpullthemdownintotheEarth'satmosphere.Anotheristomonitorspacemorecloselyfordebris.Buttechnologyisonlypartoftheanswer.Rulesareneededtodealwitholdsatellitessafelyfromlow-Earthorbits.Cyber(網絡的)-securityisasecond,long-standingworry.Hackers黑客)couldtakecontrolofasatelliteandstealintellectualproperty,redirectdataflowsorcauseacollision.Thesatelliteindustryhasbeenslowtorespondtosuchconcerns.Butasmoreoftheworld'spopulationcomestorelyonthespaceforaccesstotheInternet,theneedforactionwillintensify.Measureswillsurelybetakentoprotectnetworksecurity.Thethirdissuefollowsfromthefirsttwo.Ifthereisasimplemistakeoracyber-attack,itmaycauseachainreactionwhichwipesouthundredsofbillionsofdollarsofinvestment.Whoisresponsibleforthat?Nowtheplansoffirmswishingtooperatelargenumbersofsatellitesarebeingstudied.Butthereisalongwaytogobeforetherisksarewellunderstood,letalonepriced.Asspacebecomesmorecommercialized,mind-bendingprospectsopenup:packagesmovedacrosstheplanetinminutesbyrocketratherthanbyplane,equipmentsenttoothersmallplanets,passengerslaunchedintoorbitandbeyond.Allthatandmoremaycome,oneday.ButsuchactivitieswouldraisethesamequestionsasLEOsatellitesdo.Theymustbeansweredbeforethespaceeconomycantrulydevelop.32.WhatcanwelearnaboutLEOsatellitesfromthepassage?A.Theyaresupposedtolimitthespaceeconomy.B.Theyareexpectedtoincreaseinlargenumbers.C.TheyaredesignedtomovebeyondtheEarthasfaraspossible.D.TheyaremainlyintendedtobringInternetconnectivitytoremoteareas.33.Todealwithdebrisinspace,theauthorsuggests.A.dependingentirelyonthemoderntechnologyB.monitoringthemovementofspaceshipscarefullyC.strengtheningrulestoremoveoldsatellitessafelyD.destroyingallthesatelliteswithproblemsinstantly34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intensify”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Measure.B.Increase.C.Spread.D.Repeat.35.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardthelaunchofLEOsatellites?A.Itshouldbefurtherconfirmedforitsownership.B.Itshouldbecontinuedbecauseofitsadvantages.C.Itshouldbedonecarefullytoavoidpotentialrisks.D.Itshouldbestoppedinfaceofthespaceeconomy.四、七選五OurAmazingHandsThehandiswherethemindmeetstheworld.Weuseourhandstobuildfires,toflyairplanes,andtowrite.Thehumanbrain,withitsopen-endedcreativity,maybethethingthatmakesthehumanraceunique.Butwithouthands,alltheideaswethinkupwouldcometonothing.36.Studyitcarefully,youwillfindsomethinginteresting.Thethumb拇扌旨)aloneiscontrolledbynineseparatemuscles.Thewristisagroupofbonesandmusclesconnectedwithnerves(神經).Thenervessendbranchesintoeachfingertip,whichmakesthefingersextremelyflexible.37.Earlyhandsseemedmoreunusualandinterestingthananyhandtoday.Someanimalshadsevenfingers.Othershadeight.Butbythetimevertebrates(脊椎動物)appeared340millionyearsago,thehandhaddevelopedtoonlyfivefingers.38.Nevertheless,therearestillmanydifferenttypesofhandsinlivinganimals.Afteryearsofresearch,scientistsarebeginningtounderstandthemolecular(分子的)changesinhands.39.Thismakesthehandsofdifferentanimalsverysimilar.Thereisanetworkofmanygenes(基因)thatbuildsahand,andallhandsarebuiltonthatnetwork.Thediscoveryhasgivenscientistsadeeperunderstandingofthedevelopmentofhands.Abird'swingandalion'spaw(爪)mayappeartohavenothingincommon.40.Itmayjustbealittlemoreofoneprotein(蛋白)here,alittlelessofanotherthere.Inthepast,scientistscouldrecognizeonlytheoutwardsignsthathandshaddevelopedfromacommonancestor.Todayscientistsareuncoveringtheinwardsignsaswell.Handscanoftenbeusedforanumberofdifferentpurposes.Theyalsoseethatallhandsstartoutinmuchthesameway.Ithaskeptthatnumberforreasonsscientistsdon'tyetknow.Noonewoulddoubtthatthefivefingersaredifferentwitheachother.Butthedifferencebetweenthemmaycomedowntoatinychangeinform.Thereasonwecanuseourhandsforsomanythingsistheirspecialstructure.Soyoucanseeaskilledwatchmakerusehishandstosetspringsinplaceunderamicroscope.五、閱讀表達閱讀下面短文,根據短文內容在答題卡相應題號后的橫線上寫下相關信息,完成對該問題的回答。FoodasCommunicationWeusuallyunderstandwhensomeonespeaksorwritestous,andmanygestures(手勢)andfacialexpressionshavemeaning,too.Buthaveyoueverconsideredwhatandhowweeatasaformofcommunication?Inmanycultures,peoplesittogetherandsharefoodatmealtimes,whichisacommontraditionthatcanpromoteunityandtrust.Foodcanalsoplayanimport

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