試卷第試卷第10頁，總11頁試卷第試卷第7頁，總11頁北京市朝陽區2020?2021學年高三上學期期中質量檢測英語試題學校:姓名：班級：考號：一、完形填空OneMothertoAnotherOnWednesdayevening,ourdaughter,whowasataboardingschoolover200kilometersaway,toldusthatshehadlostherphonewhenshetookpartinanactivityoffcampus.Werealizedthatwehadlittlechanceoffindingit.Thenextmorning,myphonebeeped（嗶嗶響）loudly.Akindvoiceannouncedthatshehadsomethingthatbelongedtomydaughter.I1thatIlivedathree-hourdriveaway,andtoldherIwouldaskafriendtofetchthephone.Mydaughterhadwrittenmynumberontheinsideofherphone'scase—goodthinking!AftercontactingthepeopleIknowwholivedneartheschool,Iwasoutof2一noonecouldgoand3thephone,notsurprisinglyasitwastheworkingdayandeveryonewasbusy.Idecidedtoasktheladytopostthephonetomydaughter.ButwhenIsentheratexttoaskifthiswouldbeOK,shereplied,“Wewill4itandwe'regoingtodrivedowntotheboardingschooltonight."Tomy5,thiswonderfulcouple,whohadalreadyspentabusydayatwork,wasmakingaroundtriponthenight,6forreturningaphonetoacompletestranger.Howtouchingitwas!Igavethemdirectionsandthey7thephoneintothehandsofmydaughteratherboardinghouse.Theonlywordofanexplanationwas,“I'vegotchildrenofmyown,andIknowhowamother8."Wehadthoughtthatthechanceofgettingbackthephonewas9,butwegotitbackinsuchashorttime.Itwasawonderfulreminderofthegoodintheworldandhowtheactionsofonepersoncan10theworldtoanother.1．A．suggestedB．reportedC．explainedD．argued2．A．dateB．luckC．workD．control3．A．pickupB．carryoutC．handinD．giveaway4．A．findB．showC．missD．take5．A．regretB．surpriseC．amusementD．disappointment6．A．especiallyB．certainlyC．definitelyD．probably7AconductedBarrangedCdeliveredDidentified8AdoubtsBinterestsCpredictsDworries9AfreeBslimChardDfair10AtellBfaceCmeanDjoin二、用單詞的適當形式完成短文閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。Ilovemycampusverymuch.IthasalotofbuildingstraditionalinChinesestylebutmoderninequipment.Havingclassesinthemalways11(make)mefeelexcitedwiththebusyworldandrelaxedaboutthelonghistoryofournation.Outofthehousesarebeautifulgardens12.(surround)bytrees.Inthemorning,wereadaloudbythelakeorbehindthehill.TheairissofreshandsweetthatveryoftenIthinkhow13.(luck)Iamtostudyinsuchabeautifulcampus.閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。Whalesusesoundtogetinformationaroundthem.Byconstantly14.(send)outsoundsthathitunderwaterobjectsandcomeback,whalesreceiveinformation.ThiswayofusingsoundiscalledsonarRecently,scientistshavefoundthatwhales15(harm)bythepowerfulsonarcomingfromships.Thisproblemisbeingstudied,andpeople'slevelofawarenessoftheproblemis16.(high)thaneverbefore.Nowshipsaroundtheworldaretryingtobemorecarefulwhenusingsonar.閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。Ruleshelpuslivetogetherinacommunity.Atmylocalpark,thereisasignthatreads,“Keepoffthegrass."Becauseourcommunityhasaneedforanicegreenspac17.(relax),weareexpectedtokeepourparkcleanandingoodconditionforeveryone'senjoyment.Ifonepersonbreakstherules,morepeople18(follow)himanddowhattheywant.Inacommunity,rulesareinplacetoprotecteveryone.Whatwedoand19.weactaffecteveryone,notjustourselves.Weneedrulesinordertolive20.(safe).三、閱讀選擇ArbeiaRomanFort（城堡）andMuseumLocationandHistoryArbeiaRomanFortissituatedonHadrian'sWall.ItwasthemostimportantstructurebuiltbytheRomansinBritain,andnowithasbeenaWorldHeritage（遺產）Site.BuiltaroundAD160,ArbeiaRomanFortwasthemilitarysupplybaseforthesoldierswhowerestationedalongHadrian'sWall.Theforthasbeengraduallyuncoveredandsomeoriginalpartshavebeenrevealed.TherearereconstructionsthatshowhowArbeiaRomanFortwouldhavelooked.TheReconstructionsThereconstructionsoftheCommandingOfficer'shouseandsoldiers'quartersarestrikinglydifferent.Theaccommodationforsoldiersisdarkanduncomfortable,whiletheCommandingOfficer'shouseisspaciousandluxurious,withcourtyardswithfountainsforhimandhisfamilytoenjoy.TheMuseumVisitthemuseumandseemanyobjectsthatwerefoundatArbeia.Theyarehistoricallyimportantandshowwhatdailylifewasreallylikeatthattime.Youwillseeweapons,tools,jewellery,andsoon.YoucanalsodiscoverhowtheRomansburiedtheirdeadandseetombstones（墓碑）whichsurvivetothisday.Thereisa“hand-son”areaallowingvisitorstodigonacertainsiteandstudytheirfindingswiththehelpofmuseumstaff.Youcanpiecetogetherpottery（陶器）,ortrywritingjustastheRomanswouldhavedone.Forchildren,theycanbuildthisancientRomanfortwithbuildingblocksbythemselves.OpeningTimesandGettingThereApril1-October31:MondaytoSaturday10:00am-5:00pm,Sunday2:00pm-5:00pm.November1-March31:MondaytoSaturday11:00am-4:00pm,closedSunday.（ClosedDecember25-26andJanuary1）

Entryisfree.Arbeiaisonlyaten-minutewalkfromthebusstationatSouthShields.Freecarparknearby.Website:/r/.uk/arbeia21．Accordingtothepassage,ArbeiaRomanFortA．A．wasrelatedtothemilitaryC．wasbuiltinasmallareainRome22．Whatcanvisitorsdointhemuseum?A．Seehistoricalobjects.C．WritetoancientRomans.23．WhattimedoesArbeiaRomanFortclose?B．gotreconstructionsaroundAD160D．providedacomfortablelifeforsoldiersB．Buildtombstonesforthedead.D．Tryusingoldtoolsandweapons.A．OnApril1.B．OnOctober31.C．OnNovember1.D．OnDecember26.Learningtosay“yes,and”WhenIfirstheardabouttheimprovisation（即興交流）class,Iwashesitating.Asaquietandshygirl,Ifearedimprovisinginfrontofstrangers.However,IknewIwantedtoworkasasciencecommunicatorafterfinishingmyPh.D．,soitseemedlikeaperfectopportunitytolearnhowtospeakandcommunicatewithotherseffectively.Isignedup,knowingtheexperiencewouldgivemehelp.Duringourfirstclass,welearnedanimportantconceptofimprovisation:“yes,and.”Itmeansthat,asimprovisers,we'dbetteracceptwhatfellowperformerssay.Ifsomeonesaysthatrhinos（犀牛）arelibrarians,forexample,thenrhinosarelibrarians.Wedonotquestionthelogic;wesay“yes”andthencontinuewiththesceneasifnothingiswrong.Thefirstfewsceneswerehard,butasweeksturnedintomonths,Ibecamemorecomfortableandevenstartedtoenjoyourclasses.Ibecamebetteratlistening,relatingtomyconversationpartners,andcommunicatingclearlyinthemoment.OncewhenIwasgivingapresentationaboutmyscience,anaudiencemembersurprisedmewithaquestionthatdidn'tgrowoutoftheinformationI'dpresented.Insteadofgettingconfusedandnervous,Itookthe“yes,and”approach—acceptingthequestionandlettingmymindfocusonwhyitwasasked.Thathelpedmefindanappropriateanswer.Igotprettyexcitedaboutit.Thebenefitsofimprovisationgobeyondcommunication.Beforeattendingtheclass,Iwouldgetstuckwhenmyexperimentsproducedunexpecteddata,thinkingthatIhadmadeamistake.Butnow,insteadofgettingdiscouraged,Iwillstayopentothepossibilitythattheresultsarereal,keepexploringthedataandendupidentifyinganewtypeofcell—onethatisn'tbehavingasexpected.Ithinkallscientistscanbenefitfromthislesson.Ifthedatasayrhinosarelibrarians,thenit'sworthfindingoutwhetherrhinosare,infact,librarians.Asscientists,ourjobisn'ttochallengedatathatsupportapreconceived（先入為主的）story,buttosay“yes,and.”24．Whydidtheauthorattendtheimprovisationclass?A．Togetadifferentexperience.B．TofinishherPh.D．atuniversity.C．Togiveupherjobasasciencecommunicator.D．Toimproveherspeakingandcommunicatingability.25．Whatwastheauthor'schangeafterattendingtheimprovisationclass?A．Sheformedherownideaquickly.B．Shecameupwithlotsofcreativeresponses.C．Shepaidmoreattentiontothelogicofanswers.D．Shebecameagoodlistenerbeforegivinganopinion.26．Theauthormentionsapplyingthe“yes,and”approachtoherscientificexperimentstoA．explaintheprocessofusingthemethodB．provethebenefitsoftheimprovisationclassC．shareherownresearchexperienceswithreadersD．attractfellowscientiststoattendtheimprovisationclass27．Whatcanbeinferredaboutscientistsfromthelastparagraph?A．Theyshouldattendtheimprovisationclass.B．Theyshouldquestionallpreconceivedideas.C．Theyshouldcarryonresearchbyadmittingearlierdata.D．Theyshouldtrytoimprovetheirprofessionalknowledge.SuccessandRiskinExtremeSportsWhatisitthatdrivessometotakeextremerisks,whiletherestofushurryforthesafetyofthesidelines?LesterKeller,sports-psychologyexpert,saysthatnoteveryonehasthementalmakeuptodowellinextremesports.Henotesthatmostofushitanaturalceilingthatlimitsourappetiteforextremeriskintrickyconditions.Butothershaveamuchhighertoleranceforrisk.Kellerpointstoatopskiracer.HetoldKellerthat“thehighelementofriskmakesyoufeelalive,testswhatyouaremadeofandhowfaryoucantakeyourself”.Hesaidhewouldgetnervousonsomeofthecourses,butthatthiswouldjustmakehimfightmore.Psychologistsnotethatsomepeopleseemtohaveastrongdesireforadrenaline（腎上腺素）rushesasabehaviorseekingexcitedfeelings.Likemanyextremeathletes,EmilyCook'sappetiteforriskappearedatayoungage.“Iwasagymnast,”shesaid.“Iwasoneofthosekidswhoenjoyedanddidwellatanythingwhereyouwereupsidedown.”Asshestarteddoinghardertricks,shewasdrawntothechallenge.“Therearemomentswhenyou'reuptheredoinganewtrickanditseemslikeanimpossiblething.Butovercomingthatisjustthecoolestfeelingintheworld.”ShaneMurphy,sportsprofessor,hasworkedwithgroupsclimbingEverest.“Tome,thatjustseemsliketheheightofrisk,”hesaid.“Buttothemitwasthenextstepinanactivitythatthey'vepreparedforyears.”Murphysaidtheviewofextremeathletesisdifferentfromourown.“Welookatariskysituationandknowthatifwewereinthatsituationwewouldbeoutofcontrol.Butfromtheathletes'view,theyhavealotofcontrol,andtherearemanythingsthattheydotominimizerisk.”Anotheraspectofriskperception（認知）maybesomethingreferredtoas“theflow”,astateinwhichmanyathletesbecomeabsorbedintheactsthatfocusthemindcompletelyonthepresent.“Somethingthatmakesyoutrydoingatougherclimbthanusual,perhaps,isthatyouradrenalineflowsandyoubecomeveryconcentratedonwhatyou'redoing,”Murphysays.“Afterit'sover,there'sgreatexcitement.”Peopleofdifferentskilllevelsexperiencetheflowatdifferenttimes.Somemayalwaysbedriventoadventuresthatothersconsiderextreme.“Icanenjoyhittingatennisballaround,becausethat'smyskilllevel,”Murphysays.“ButothersmightneedthechallengeofOlympiccompetition.”28．Byusingtheterm“naturalceiling”inParagraph2,LesterKellerpointsoutthat.A．extremeathletesmustlearnspecialskillsB．extremeathleteshavechancestotakerisksC．manypeopledon'twanttodoextremesportsD．manypeoplecan'tlimitdesireforextremesports29．WhatdoesShaneMurphythinkaboutthemountainclimbershementions?A．Theyputinlotsofpreparationforchallenges.B．Theyaremorefortunatethanothersportspeople.C．Theycarrylittleriskwhenfacingbigchallenges.D．Theyhavespecialreasonsthatotherscan'teasilyunderstand.30．WhatmainpointismadeinParagraph5?A．Extremeathletesusetechniquesotherpeopledon'tuse.B．Non-athletesareprobablywisenottotryextremesports.C．Mostpeoplelackthefocusrequiredtotakebiggerrisks.D．Acertainstateofmindmakesattemptinganactivitymorelikely.31．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.A．risk-takingissomethingyoueithernaturallydooravoidB．thosewhotakerisksaremorelikelytobesuccessfulinlifeC．extremeathletesaredrivenbyaneedtobebetterthanothersD．takingpartinextremesportsisnotasdifficultaspeoplethinkRoundandRoundTheyGoSpaceisbecomingmorecrowded.Quiteafewlow-Earth-orbit（LEO）satelliteshavebeenlaunchedintothesky,whicharedesignedtomovearoundtheEarthonlyafewhundredkilometresaboveitssurface.SpaceXandOneWebplantolaunchLEOsatellitesintheirthousands,nothundreds,todoublethetotalnumberofsatellitesinorbit（軌道）by2027.ThatpromisestochangethingsonEarth.LEOsatellitescanbringInternetconnectivitytoplaceswhereitisstillunavailable.Thiswillalsobeasourceofnewdemandforthespaceeconomy.MorganStanley,abank,projectsthatthespaceindustrywillgrowfrom$350billionin2016tomorethan$1.1trillionby2040.NewInternetsatelliteswillaccountforhalfthisincrease.Forthattohappen,however,threeworriesmustbeovercome.Debris（碎片）isthemostfamiliarconcern.Whenenoughsatelliteswerepackedintolow-Earthorbits,anycollision（碰撞）couldcauseachainreactionwhichwouldeventuallydestroyallspaceships.OnesolutionistograbthesatelliteswithproblemsandpullthemdownintotheEarth'satmosphere.Anotheristomonitorspacemorecloselyfordebris.Buttechnologyisonlypartoftheanswer.Rulesareneededtodealwitholdsatellitessafelyfromlow-Earthorbits.Cyber（網絡的）-securityisasecond,long-standingworry.Hackers黑客）couldtakecontrolofasatelliteandstealintellectualproperty,redirectdataflowsorcauseacollision.Thesatelliteindustryhasbeenslowtorespondtosuchconcerns.Butasmoreoftheworld'spopulationcomestorelyonthespaceforaccesstotheInternet,theneedforactionwillintensify.Measureswillsurelybetakentoprotectnetworksecurity.Thethirdissuefollowsfromthefirsttwo.Ifthereisasimplemistakeoracyber-attack,itmaycauseachainreactionwhichwipesouthundredsofbillionsofdollarsofinvestment.Whoisresponsibleforthat?Nowtheplansoffirmswishingtooperatelargenumbersofsatellitesarebeingstudied.Butthereisalongwaytogobeforetherisksarewellunderstood,letalonepriced.Asspacebecomesmorecommercialized,mind-bendingprospectsopenup:packagesmovedacrosstheplanetinminutesbyrocketratherthanbyplane,equipmentsenttoothersmallplanets,passengerslaunchedintoorbitandbeyond.Allthatandmoremaycome,oneday.ButsuchactivitieswouldraisethesamequestionsasLEOsatellitesdo.Theymustbeansweredbeforethespaceeconomycantrulydevelop.32．WhatcanwelearnaboutLEOsatellitesfromthepassage?A．Theyaresupposedtolimitthespaceeconomy.B．Theyareexpectedtoincreaseinlargenumbers.C．TheyaredesignedtomovebeyondtheEarthasfaraspossible.D．TheyaremainlyintendedtobringInternetconnectivitytoremoteareas.33．Todealwithdebrisinspace,theauthorsuggests.A．dependingentirelyonthemoderntechnologyB．monitoringthemovementofspaceshipscarefullyC．strengtheningrulestoremoveoldsatellitessafelyD．destroyingallthesatelliteswithproblemsinstantly34．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intensify”inParagraph4probablymean?A．Measure.B．Increase.C．Spread.D．Repeat.35．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardthelaunchofLEOsatellites?A．Itshouldbefurtherconfirmedforitsownership.B．Itshouldbecontinuedbecauseofitsadvantages.C．Itshouldbedonecarefullytoavoidpotentialrisks.D．Itshouldbestoppedinfaceofthespaceeconomy.四、七選五OurAmazingHandsThehandiswherethemindmeetstheworld.Weuseourhandstobuildfires,toflyairplanes,andtowrite.Thehumanbrain,withitsopen-endedcreativity,maybethethingthatmakesthehumanraceunique.Butwithouthands,alltheideaswethinkupwouldcometonothing.36.Studyitcarefully,youwillfindsomethinginteresting.Thethumb拇扌旨）aloneiscontrolledbynineseparatemuscles.Thewristisagroupofbonesandmusclesconnectedwithnerves（神經）.Thenervessendbranchesintoeachfingertip,whichmakesthefingersextremelyflexible.37.Earlyhandsseemedmoreunusualandinterestingthananyhandtoday.Someanimalshadsevenfingers.Othershadeight.Butbythetimevertebrates（脊椎動物）appeared340millionyearsago,thehandhaddevelopedtoonlyfivefingers.38.Nevertheless,therearestillmanydifferenttypesofhandsinlivinganimals.Afteryearsofresearch,scientistsarebeginningtounderstandthemolecular（分子的）changesinhands.39.Thismakesthehandsofdifferentanimalsverysimilar.Thereisanetworkofmanygenes（基因）thatbuildsahand,andallhandsarebuiltonthatnetwork.Thediscoveryhasgivenscientistsadeeperunderstandingofthedevelopmentofhands.Abird'swingandalion'spaw（爪）mayappeartohavenothingincommon.40.Itmayjustbealittlemoreofoneprotein（蛋白）here,alittlelessofanotherthere.Inthepast,scientistscouldrecognizeonlytheoutwardsignsthathandshaddevelopedfromacommonancestor.Todayscientistsareuncoveringtheinwardsignsaswell.Handscanoftenbeusedforanumberofdifferentpurposes.Theyalsoseethatallhandsstartoutinmuchthesameway.Ithaskeptthatnumberforreasonsscientistsdon'tyetknow.Noonewoulddoubtthatthefivefingersaredifferentwitheachother.Butthedifferencebetweenthemmaycomedowntoatinychangeinform.Thereasonwecanuseourhandsforsomanythingsistheirspecialstructure.Soyoucanseeaskilledwatchmakerusehishandstosetspringsinplaceunderamicroscope.五、閱讀表達閱讀下面短文，根據短文內容在答題卡相應題號后的橫線上寫下相關信息，完成對該問題的回答。FoodasCommunicationWeusuallyunderstandwhensomeonespeaksorwritestous,andmanygestures(手勢)andfacialexpressionshavemeaning,too.Buthaveyoueverconsideredwhatandhowweeatasaformofcommunication?Inmanycultures,peoplesittogetherandsharefoodatmealtimes,whichisacommontraditionthatcanpromoteunityandtrust.Foodcanalsoplayanimport