1、高二英語(yǔ)必修五會(huì)考知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理概括單詞乃是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)之中的基礎(chǔ)，只有認(rèn)識(shí)了大量的單詞，同學(xué)們才能夠?qū)W好英語(yǔ)，因此同學(xué)們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候必定要能夠背誦單詞。下面小編為大家整理的相關(guān)高二英語(yǔ)必修五會(huì)考知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理，希望對(duì)你們有幫助!高二英語(yǔ)必修五會(huì)考知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理1一、過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞兼有動(dòng)詞、副詞和形容詞的特點(diǎn)，能夠帶賓語(yǔ)或受狀語(yǔ)修飾。過(guò)去分詞和賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)一同構(gòu)成過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)。它在句中能夠作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)。這節(jié)課解說(shuō)作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)的用法。作定語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞假如是單詞，一般放在被修飾詞的前面;過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，一般放在被修飾詞的后邊。比方：Therearemanyfallenleavesont

2、heground.Thisisabookwrittenbyaworker.作表語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ),多表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)。Iwaspleasedatthenews.Thedoorremainedlocked.過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于形容詞，常有的有：delighted,disappointed,astonished,interested,satisfied,surprised,tired,worried,excited,married等。過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)注意與被動(dòng)構(gòu)造的差異。系表構(gòu)造說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)或擁有的性質(zhì)、特點(diǎn);被動(dòng)構(gòu)造重申謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作。Thesmallvillageissurroundedby

3、trees.(狀態(tài))Thesmallvillagewassoonsurroundedbyenemysoldiers.(動(dòng)作)Iminterestedinchess.(狀態(tài))過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)表時(shí)間，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，有時(shí)過(guò)去分詞前可加連詞when或while來(lái)重申時(shí)間看法。Seenfromthetopofthehill,thecitylookedlikeabiggarden.AcceptedbytheParty,hedecidedtodevotehislifetothecauseoftheParty.表原因，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。Exhausted,thechildrenfellaslee

4、patonce.Encouragedbythespeech,theyoungpeoplemadeuptheirmindstotakeupthestruggle.表?xiàng)l件，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，有時(shí)過(guò)去分詞前可用if等詞Heated,waterchangesintosteam.Givenanotherchance,hewilldobetter.表退步，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)though/although引導(dǎo)的退步狀語(yǔ)從句。Laughedatbymanypeople,hecontinuedhisstudy.表陪伴，說(shuō)明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或情況。Surroundedbyagroupofpupils,theoldte

5、acherwalkedintotheclassroom.Thetrainerappeared,followedbyfivelittledogs.倒裝句：一、here,there,now,then,thus等副詞置于句首,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用be,come,go,lie,run。Theregoesthebell.鈴聲響了。Thencamethechairman._來(lái)了。Hereisyourletter.你的信。二、否認(rèn)詞置于句首，句子應(yīng)進(jìn)行倒裝。neither放句首Todcantswim,neithercanI.托德不會(huì)游泳，我也不會(huì)。用于never,hardly,seldom,scarcely,bar

6、ely,little,often,atnotime,notonly,notonce,manyatime等詞開(kāi)頭的句子。NevershallIgothereagain.我不再去那了。Littledidheknowwhothewomanwas.他基本上不知道那女人是誰(shuí)。Seldomwashelateforclass.他很少上學(xué)遲到。用于nosooner.than.,hardly.when.和notuntil.的句型中HardlyhadIreachedthestationwhenthetrainleft.我剛到車站,火車就走開(kāi)了。Nosoonerhadshegoneoutthanthephonera

7、ng.她剛離開(kāi),電話就響了。Notuntiltheteachercamedidhefinishhishomework.直到老師來(lái)，他才達(dá)成作業(yè)。三、用于only放句首，修飾副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句的句子。OnlyinthiswaycanyoumasterEnglishwell.只有這種方法，你才能學(xué)好英語(yǔ)。Onlythattimedidhedohishomework.直到哪個(gè)時(shí)間，他才做作業(yè)。OnlywhenhetoldmedidIrealizewhattroubleIwasin.省略句：一、省略的目的省略常有于非正式文體，特別在對(duì)話中，省略是一種廣泛的現(xiàn)象。英語(yǔ)中的省略一般說(shuō)來(lái)有三個(gè)目的：1

8、.防范重復(fù)，減少負(fù)擔(dān)。省略的主要目的是防范重復(fù)，去掉不用要的負(fù)擔(dān)和繁瑣。Mikesaidthathewouldcometoschooltoseemethenextday,buthedidntcometoschooltoseemethenextday.Mikesaidthathewouldcometoschooltoseemethenextday,buthedidnt.(省卻最后九個(gè)詞，句子簡(jiǎn)短了很多)2.連結(jié)親近，構(gòu)造緊湊省略也是使上下文親近連結(jié)的一種修辭手段。Johnwasthewinnerin1994andBobin1998.(Bob后省略了wasthewinner，句子構(gòu)造顯得比較緊湊)

9、3.重申重點(diǎn)，突出信息省略的另一作用是突出新的信息Truthspeakstoolow,hypocrisytooloud.后一分句省略謂語(yǔ)speaks，突出了tooloud)二、句子成分的省略為了防范重復(fù)，或許為了使某一內(nèi)容引人凝視，能夠省略某些句子成分而保持句子原意不變。1.省略主語(yǔ)Begyourpardon.請(qǐng)你諒解。(=Ibegyourpardon.)Servesyouright.你該死(=Itservesyouright.)2.省略謂語(yǔ)Anythingthematter?重要嗎?(=Isanythingthematter?)Theriverwasdeepandtheicethin.河很深

10、，冰很薄。(=Theriverwasdeepandtheicewasthin.)3.省略表語(yǔ)Areyouready?Yes,Iam.(am后邊省略了表語(yǔ)ready)4.省略賓語(yǔ)Wehavetoanalyzeandsolveproblems.(analyze后省略了賓語(yǔ)problems)Letsdothedishes.Illwashandyoulldry.(wash和dry后面省略了賓語(yǔ)dishes)5.省略定語(yǔ)Hespentpartofthemoney,andtheresthesaved.(therest后邊省略了定語(yǔ)ofthemoney)6.省略狀語(yǔ)(Even)Thewisestmancan

11、notknoweverything.省略在句子中的應(yīng)用在一個(gè)句子中，省略可分為依靠上下文省略和不依靠上下文省略兩種。前者省略的部分可在句子中找到，但后者可能找不到。1.簡(jiǎn)單句中的省略依靠上下文的省略在對(duì)話中最為常用。Likemorebeer?(=Wouldyoulikemorebeer?)WorldyoumindifIusedyourtelephone?Notatall.一點(diǎn)也不。(=Idonotmindatall.)Willhepassthisexamination?Probably.大體會(huì)的。(=Hewillprobablypasstheexamination.)不依靠于上下文的省略。Al

12、laboard!請(qǐng)上船(=Allgoaboard.省略謂語(yǔ))Haventseenyouforages!(省略主語(yǔ)I)Whatabouthavingagameofchess?Soundslikeagoodidea.2.并列句中的省略(=Itsoundslikeagoodidea.省略主語(yǔ))Everybodyappearswellprepared.(=Everybadyappearstobewellprepared.省略不定式tobe)并列句中假如前后分句有相同的部分，常常能夠省略掉，以防范重復(fù)。平常被省略的能夠是主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或其他萬(wàn)分，或句子萬(wàn)分的一部分。省略出此刻后一分句Johnlikes

13、collectingstampsbut(John)hateslisteningtomusic.(省略主語(yǔ))省略出此刻前一分句Wecan(wintomorrowsmatch),andcertainlywill,wintomorrowsmatch.我們能夠，而且必定會(huì)在明天的比賽中獲勝。(前一分句省略謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ))前后兩個(gè)分句都出現(xiàn)省略Theycan(paythefullfee)and(they)shouldpaythefullfee.復(fù)合句中的省略在主從復(fù)合句中，活力的現(xiàn)象是很廣泛的。省略主句的句首部分。(Im)SorryIcouldntgo.省略整個(gè)主句或主句的一部分(回答以下問(wèn)題常常用)。(I

14、tisa)Pityhesfailed.Ifhesayshellcome,hewill(come).3.在一些狀語(yǔ)從句中，假如謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是be，主語(yǔ)又和主句的主語(yǔ)一致，或許主語(yǔ)是it，常常能夠把從句中的主語(yǔ)和be省略掉。以when,while,once,until等連詞引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。When(youare)inRomedoasRomedoes.入國(guó)問(wèn)禁，入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。4.在比較從句中平常把和主句重復(fù)的部分省卻。省略謂語(yǔ)的全部JamesenjoysthetheeartremorethanSusun.TomhasasmanybooksasJack.省略主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的一部分BrownspeaksFren

15、chasfluentlyasEnglish.(as后省略了hespeaks)省略表語(yǔ)部分MrsWhiteisnotsoyoungasshelooks.(looks后省略了young)省略主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的大多數(shù)，保存狀語(yǔ)Heisworkingharderthanbefore.(than后省略了heworkedhard)省略主語(yǔ)Hedrankalittlemorethanwasgoodforhim.(than后省略了it)省略賓語(yǔ)YouspentmoremoneythanIhadexpected.(expected后省略了thatyoushouldspend)省略從句的全部Youaregettings

16、limmer.simmer后省略了thanyouwerebefore)主句和從句中可同時(shí)省略一些成分。Thesooner(thisisdone),thebetter(itwillbe).高二英語(yǔ)必修五會(huì)考知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理21.consistof=bemadeupof由構(gòu)成(沒(méi)有進(jìn)行時(shí))e.g.TheUKconsistsofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.=GreatBritainandNorthernIrelandmakeuptheUK.差異:separate.from(把結(jié)合在一同或湊近的人或物分別出來(lái))o把分開(kāi)(把整體分為若干部分)e.g.Theteacherdiv

17、idedtheclassintotwogroups.TheTaiwanStraitseparatesTaiwanfromFujian.3.debateaboutsth.e.g.Theydebateabouttheproposalforthreedays.debate/argue/quarrelclarify:vt./vi.(causesth.to)becomeclearoreasiertounderstand澄清;說(shuō)明;清楚;了然e.g.IhopewhatIsaywillclarifythesituation.Canyouclarifythequestion?5.belinkedto=beco

18、nnectedto/bejoinedto連結(jié)【習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)】linkAtoB將A和B連結(jié)起來(lái)6.referto1)提及，指的是e.g.Whenhesaid“somestudents”do,youthinkhewasreferringtous?參照;查閱;咨詢e.g.Ifyoudontunderstandawordyoumayrefertoyourdictionaries.關(guān)系到;關(guān)乎e.g.WhatIhavetosayreferstoallofyou.Thisrulereferstoeveryone.reference:n.參照e.g.referencebooks參照書toonessurprise

19、(prep)“toones+名詞”表“令某人”常有的名詞有“delight,disappointment,enjoyment,astonishment等e.g.Idiscovered,tomyhorror,thatthegoodswereentirelyunfitforsale.ToJohnsgreatrelieftheyreachedthehouseatlast.8.foundthemselvesunitedpeacefully“find+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)(adj;adv;v-ing;pp;介詞短語(yǔ);不定式)”e.g.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfoundsm

20、okinginthekitchen.Youllfindhimeasytogetalongwith.Theyfoundthemselvestrappedbythebushfire.WhenIwokeup,Ifoundmyselfinhospital.Icalledonhimyesterday,butIfoundhimout.9.getsthdone=havesthdone使某事被做.e.g.IlljustgetthesedisheswashedandthenIllcome.get+n.+todoget+n.+doingYoullgethertoagree.Illgetthecargoing.ge

21、tdone:用于意想不到、突然或有時(shí)發(fā)生，意為“被.”e.g.Becarefulwhenyoucrossthisverybusystreet.10.breakaway(fromsb/sth)走開(kāi);破除e.g.Itisnoteasyforhimtobreakawayfrombadhabits.Themanbrokeawayfromhisguards.breakdown(會(huì)商)破碎，失敗;(汽車等)出故障;(人的健康狀況)變得惡劣;(感情)失控e.g.Hiscarbrokedownonthewaytoworkthismorning.Hishealthbrokedownunderthepressureofwork.Hebrokedownandweptwhenheheardthene