1、外研社選修外研社選修6第一單元第一單元Small talk Module 1 Small TalkModule 1 Small Talk 基礎落實基礎落實.高頻單詞思憶高頻單詞思憶1.They promised 1.They promised （自信地）（自信地）that that they would restore the fallen bridge.they would restore the fallen bridge.2.Students and teachers shared a taste of 2.Students and teachers shared a taste of

2、wearing wearing ( (非正式的非正式的) dress.) dress.3.The rise of sea level is predicted as the 3.The rise of sea level is predicted as the ( (后果后果) of global warming.) of global warming.confidentlyconfidentlyinformalinformalconsequenceconsequence4.Ive always been very 4.Ive always been very ( (謹慎的謹慎的) about

3、) about giving my address to strangers. giving my address to strangers.5.I must 5.I must ( (道歉道歉) for the delay in ) for the delay in replying to your letter.replying to your letter.6.Some of his ideas are completely 6.Some of his ideas are completely ( (把把分開分開) from reality.) from reality.7.He was

4、always surprisingly 7.He was always surprisingly ( (謙虛的謙虛的) ) abouthis role in the organization. abouthis role in the organization.8.The year 2009 is the 60th 8.The year 2009 is the 60th ( (周年紀周年紀 念日念日) of the PRC.) of the PRC.9.He had done a lot of 9.He had done a lot of ( (預先的預先的) planning) planni

5、ng before he went to apply for the job. before he went to apply for the job.cautiouscautiousapologizeapologize divorced divorcedmodestmodestanniversaryanniversaryadvanceadvance10.Id like to take this 10.Id like to take this ( (機會機會) ) to express my thanks to you for your timely to express my thanks

6、to you for your timely help.help.opportunityopportunity.重點短語再現重點短語再現1.small 1.small 閑談；聊天閑談；聊天talk talk 吹牛吹牛talktalk 商量，商討商量，商討2.be nervous 2.be nervous 對對緊張緊張/ /害怕害怕nervousnervous 神經系統神經系統3.look 3.look fromfrom從從移開視線移開視線 awayaway遠離遠離4.4. friends friends交朋友交朋友make make of of 利用利用5.cheer sb. 5.cheer

7、sb. 使某人高興使某人高興/ /振作起來振作起來cheer sb.cheer sb. 為某人加油為某人加油/ /鼓勁鼓勁6.be aware 6.be aware 意識到；知道意識到；知道 far as I am far as I am awareaware口就我所知口就我所知make sense make sense 理解理解talktalkoveroverbigbigaboutaboutsystemsystemawayawayfarfarmakemakeuseuseupupononas/soas/soofofofof7.show 7.show 炫耀炫耀show sb. show sb.

8、接送某人接送某人( (進來進來) ) 出去出去show show 帶領某人參觀帶領某人參觀8.8. addition addition 另外，又另外，又apart apart 此外，加之此外，加之9.take lead9.take lead帶頭帶頭be the leadbe the lead處于領先地位處于領先地位 lead lead 導致導致lead sb. lead sb. the nosethe nose牽著某牽著某 人的鼻子走人的鼻子走10.put ones foot 10.put ones foot ones mouthones mouth犯使某人難堪犯使某人難堪 的錯誤的錯誤 to

9、 ones feetto ones feet站起來站起來be rushed be rushed off ones off ones 非常忙碌；忙得腳不沾地非常忙碌；忙得腳不沾地 offoffin/outin/outaroundaroundininfromfromthetheinintotobybyininriserisefeetfeet.典型句式運用典型句式運用1.Talk to a man about himself, and he will 1.Talk to a man about himself, and he will speak to you for hours!speak to

10、you for hours!和一個人談論他自己，他會和你說上幾個小時！和一個人談論他自己，他會和你說上幾個小時！ 祈使句祈使句+and/or+and/or+簡單句簡單句 只要你一招手，就會有一輛汽車出現在只要你一招手，就會有一輛汽車出現在你面前。你面前。Simply raise your hand, and a car willSimply raise your hand, and a car willappear in front of youappear in front of you.考點提煉考點提煉句子仿造句子仿造2.Here are some ideas to make you a

11、better 2.Here are some ideas to make you a better listener.listener.有幾個建議可以使你成為一位更好的傾聽者。有幾個建議可以使你成為一位更好的傾聽者。 動詞不定式作后置定語動詞不定式作后置定語 對這個問題我無可奉告。對這個問題我無可奉告。考點提煉考點提煉句子仿造句子仿造I have nothing to say on this questionI have nothing to say on this question.3.Her motto was “Every time I open my mouth,3.Her motto

12、 was “Every time I open my mouth, I put my foot in it”. I put my foot in it”.她的她的“座右銘座右銘”是是“每每 當我張口，就會講錯話當我張口，就會講錯話”。 every timeevery time作連詞表示作連詞表示“每次每次” 在過去，每次看到他，我都避開他。在過去，每次看到他，我都避開他。Every time I saw him, I avoided him in theEvery time I saw him, I avoided him in thepastpast.考點提煉考點提煉句子仿造句子仿造4.It

13、 was no coincidence either that she wasnt4.It was no coincidence either that she wasnt a very good saleswoman. a very good saleswoman.她成不了一位優秀的女推銷員也就不是巧合了。她成不了一位優秀的女推銷員也就不是巧合了。 itit作形式主語，作形式主語，thatthat從句作真正的主語從句作真正的主語 很明顯，他會贏得比賽。很明顯，他會贏得比賽。It is obvious that he will win the gameIt is obvious that he

14、 will win the game.考點提煉考點提煉句子仿造句子仿造5.It is estimated that 80% of all conversation5.It is estimated that 80% of all conversation in English is small talk. in English is small talk.據估計，據估計，80%80%的英語對話是聊天。的英語對話是聊天。 句型句型It is+It is+及物動詞的及物動詞的-ed-ed形式形式+that-+that-clauseclause 據報道，據報道，ObamaObama總統將于下周訪問中

15、國。總統將于下周訪問中國。考點提煉考點提煉句子仿造句子仿造It is reported that President Obama willIt is reported that President Obama willvisit China next weekvisit China next week. 導練互動導練互動重點單詞重點單詞1.lack 1.lack n n. .&v&v. .缺乏；不足缺乏；不足Do you want to make more friends but Do you want to make more friends but lacklack the confide

16、nce to talk to people you dont the confidence to talk to people you dont know? know?你是否想結交更多的朋友，但又缺乏與陌生人交你是否想結交更多的朋友，但又缺乏與陌生人交 談的信心？談的信心？ （回歸課本（回歸課本P P2 2）觀察思考觀察思考The trip was cancelled through lack of The trip was cancelled through lack of erest.因為缺乏興趣這次旅行被取消了。因為缺乏興趣這次旅行被取消了。Some houses

17、 still lack basic amenities such Some houses still lack basic amenities such as bathrooms.as bathrooms.有些住宅仍沒有像衛生間這樣的基本設施。有些住宅仍沒有像衛生間這樣的基本設施。There was no lack of willing helpers.There was no lack of willing helpers.不乏自愿幫助者。不乏自愿幫助者。歸納拓展歸納拓展lacklack作動詞時，后常接表示錢、勇氣、能力、經驗作動詞時，后常接表示錢、勇氣、能力、經驗等的名詞。等的名詞。lac

18、k forlack for缺少，缺乏缺少，缺乏lack for nothinglack for nothing一無所缺一無所缺be lacking in.be lacking in.在在方面缺乏方面缺乏for lack of.for lack of.因缺乏因缺乏have no lack of.have no lack of.不缺乏不缺乏活學活用活學活用Of the 2,000 stock investors Of the 2,000 stock investors last last month,ninety percent were found month,ninety percent we

19、re found in in financial knowledge.financial knowledge.A.surveyed;lackingA.surveyed;lackingB.having been surveyed;to lackB.having been surveyed;to lackC.surveyed;lackedC.surveyed;lackedD.to have been surveyed;lackD.to have been surveyed;lack解析解析 surveyed last monthsurveyed last month作后置定語修飾名詞作后置定語修飾

20、名詞investors;be lacking in.investors;be lacking in.在在方面缺乏。方面缺乏。A2.advance 2.advance adjadj. .預先的；事先的預先的；事先的; ;n n. .&v&v. .前進；進前進；進 展；預付展；預付It helps if you do a little It helps if you do a little advanceadvance planning. planning. 要是事先作些準備，將會對你有所幫助。要是事先作些準備，將會對你有所幫助。 （回歸課本（回歸課本P P2 2）觀察思考觀察思考Let the

21、world know more about China,let China Let the world know more about China,let China advance towards the world.advance towards the world.讓世界了解中國，讓中國走向世界。讓世界了解中國，讓中國走向世界。They are going to start an advanced course in They are going to start an advanced course in English in that institute.English in tha

22、t institute.他們要在那個學院開一個英語高級班。他們要在那個學院開一個英語高級班。I should warn you in advance that the date I should warn you in advance that the date maymaybe delayed.be delayed.我得預先提醒你，日期也許會被推遲。我得預先提醒你，日期也許會被推遲。歸納拓展歸納拓展advance on/towards sb./sth.advance on/towards sb./sth.（為了（為了）前進；）前進；行進行進in advance (of sth.)in adv

23、ance (of sth.)（時間上）提前；預先（時間上）提前；預先（=ahead of time=ahead of time）make an advance in sth.make an advance in sth.某方面有進步某方面有進步advance planning/warningadvance planning/warning預先的計劃預先的計劃/ /警告警告advanced advanced adj.adj.高級的，先進的；年老的；發達的高級的，先進的；年老的；發達的advanced English/mathsadvanced English/maths高階英語高階英語/ /高等

24、數學高等數學活學活用活學活用If you are worried that the tickets will be If you are worried that the tickets will be sold out,you can buy a ticket sold out,you can buy a ticket . .A.in a rowA.in a row B.in advance B.in advanceC.on timeC.on time D.time after time D.time after time解析解析 in advancein advance提前；預先；提前；預

25、先；in a rowin a row成一排；成一排；on timeon time準時；準時；time after timetime after time屢屢；總是。根屢屢；總是。根據句意知據句意知B B項正確。項正確。B3.certain 3.certain adjadj. .有把握的，確定的，肯定的（不有把握的，確定的，肯定的（不作定語）；某個，某些（作定語）作定語）；某個，某些（作定語）Here in England,there are Here in England,there are certaincertain questions questions that you shouldn

26、t really ask people.that you shouldnt really ask people.在英國，有一些雖然你不知道但也不該詢問別人的在英國，有一些雖然你不知道但也不該詢問別人的問題問題 （回歸課本（回歸課本P P7 7）觀察思考觀察思考I think theres a bus at 8 but youd better I think theres a bus at 8 but youd better call to make certain.call to make certain.好像好像8 8點有一班公共汽車，不過你最好打電話確定一下。點有一班公共汽車，不過你最好打

27、電話確定一下。Im not certain whether theres a bus service Im not certain whether theres a bus service on Sundays.on Sundays.我不確定星期天是否也有公交車。我不確定星期天是否也有公交車。For certain reasons Ill be unable to attend For certain reasons Ill be unable to attend the meeting.the meeting.因為某些原因我不能出席這次會議。因為某些原因我不能出席這次會議。歸納拓展歸納拓展a

28、 certain Mr.Zhanga certain Mr.Zhang某一位姓張的先生某一位姓張的先生certain bookscertain books某些書某些書under certain conditionsunder certain conditions在一定條件下在一定條件下be certain ofbe certain of對對有把握有把握make certainmake certain弄清楚弄清楚be certain to do sth.be certain to do sth.一定會做某事一定會做某事for certainfor certain肯定地肯定地It is certa

29、in that.It is certain that.是肯定的是肯定的to a certain degree/extentto a certain degree/extent在某種程度上在某種程度上易混辨異易混辨異certain/surecertain/suresuresure與與certaincertain都表示都表示“確信，肯定確信，肯定”，通常可以換，通常可以換用，但是用，但是certaincertain既可以用物作主語，也可以用人作既可以用物作主語，也可以用人作主語，而主語，而suresure通常用人作主語，所以在通常用人作主語，所以在It is certainIt is certai

30、nthatthat從句結構中從句結構中,certain,certain和和suresure不能換用。不能換用。sb.be sb.be sure/certain to do sth.sure/certain to do sth.表示以局外人的立場推測，表示以局外人的立場推測，確信主語會做某事；確信主語會做某事；sb.be sure of doing sth.sb.be sure of doing sth.表表示主語自己對做某事有把握，有信心。示主語自己對做某事有把握，有信心。活學活用活學活用-用用certaincertain或或suresure填空填空(1)He is (1)He is to w

31、in the election.to win the election.(2)Im (2)Im of getting the chance.of getting the chance.(3)It is(3)It is that he will pass the exam.that he will pass the exam.suresuresuresure certain certain4.imagine 4.imagine v v. .想像；設想想像；設想ImagineImagine a situation where two strangers are a situation where

32、two strangers are talking to each other after someone they both talking to each other after someone they both know has left the room,or the caf or party, know has left the room,or the caf or party, etc. etc.設想這樣一種情形，在咖啡館或聚會等場合，雙方都設想這樣一種情形，在咖啡館或聚會等場合，雙方都 認識的人離開了房間，兩個陌生人開始交談。認識的人離開了房間，兩個陌生人開始交談。 （回歸課本

33、（回歸課本P P1313）觀察思考觀察思考Can you imagine (Tom) winning the game?Can you imagine (Tom) winning the game?你能想像（湯姆）贏得這次比賽的情形嗎？你能想像（湯姆）贏得這次比賽的情形嗎？Dont imagine that I can give you anything Dont imagine that I can give you anything you want.you want.你甭想像著我能給你想要的一切。你甭想像著我能給你想要的一切。歸納拓展歸納拓展imagination imagination

34、 n. n.想像力；創造力想像力；創造力imaginative imaginative adjadj. .具有想像力的具有想像力的imaginable imaginable adj.adj.可想像的可想像的imaginary imaginary adj.adj.虛構的；幻想的虛構的；幻想的imagine that/what/how/whyimagine that/what/how/why想像想像imagine doing sth.imagine doing sth.想像做某事想像做某事imagine sb. doing sth.imagine sb. doing sth.想像某人做某事想像某人

35、做某事imagine sb./sth. as.imagine sb./sth. as.把某人把某人( (物物) )想像成想像成You cant imagine.You cant imagine.你想像不到你想像不到活學活用活學活用There is a story here in the paper about aThere is a story here in the paper about a 110 110yearyearold man.old man.My goodness!I cant imagine My goodness!I cant imagine that old. that

36、old.A.to be B.to have beenA.to be B.to have beenC.being D.having beenC.being D.having been解析解析 imagineimagine想像，設想，后可跟名詞、代詞、動想像，設想，后可跟名詞、代詞、動名詞，名詞，that/wh-that/wh-從句作賓語，或用于從句作賓語，或用于imagine+imagine+賓語賓語+to be+to be結構。由此知結構。由此知A A、B B兩項不符合其用法；由句兩項不符合其用法；由句中時態判斷，此處應用一般時而非完成時。中時態判斷，此處應用一般時而非完成時。C5.purpo

37、se 5.purpose n n. .目的目的; ;vt vt. .打算；企圖打算；企圖Whats the Whats the purposepurpose of your visit to London? of your visit to London?你來倫敦的目的是什么？你來倫敦的目的是什么？ （回歸課本（回歸課本P13P13）觀察思考觀察思考I came here on purpose to see you.I came here on purpose to see you.我特地來這兒看你。我特地來這兒看你。I came to Beijing for/with the purpose

38、 of I came to Beijing for/with the purpose of seeing you.seeing you.我來北京就是為了見你。我來北京就是為了見你。歸納拓展歸納拓展on purposeon purpose故意地故意地with/for the purpose ofwith/for the purpose of為了為了answer/serve the purposeanswer/serve the purpose適用適用to the purposeto the purpose合乎目的地；切題地合乎目的地；切題地to little/no purposeto littl

39、e/no purpose作用不大；徒勞作用不大；徒勞purpose to do sth./doing sth.purpose to do sth./doing sth.企圖做某事企圖做某事活學活用活學活用They pulled down the old buildings for theThey pulled down the old buildings for the of making room for the newly-built of making room for the newly-built motorway.motorway.A.purpose B.meaning C.fac

40、e D.useA.purpose B.meaning C.face D.use解析解析 for the purpose offor the purpose of為固定搭配，指為固定搭配，指“為為了了的目的的目的”，符合句意，故選，符合句意，故選A A項。項。A6.apologise 6.apologise v v. .道歉道歉; ;辯白辯白觀察思考觀察思考The US has apologised to Britain for the The US has apologised to Britain for the accident.accident.美國已經就這次事故向英國道歉。美國已經就這

41、次事故向英國道歉。The worker asked the boss to make an apologyThe worker asked the boss to make an apologyto him for the dirty words.to him for the dirty words.那位工人要求老板因說了臟話而向他道歉。那位工人要求老板因說了臟話而向他道歉。I must apologise for the delay in replying toI must apologise for the delay in replying toyour letter.your lett

42、er.未能及時回信，我必須向你道歉。未能及時回信，我必須向你道歉。歸納拓展歸納拓展apologise to sb.for (doing) sth.apologise to sb.for (doing) sth.因（做了）某因（做了）某事而向某人道歉事而向某人道歉apologise for (doing) sth.apologise for (doing) sth.為（做）某事道歉為（做）某事道歉make/offer an apology to sb.for sth.make/offer an apology to sb.for sth.為某事向為某事向某人道歉某人道歉own sb.an apo

43、logyown sb.an apology應向某人道歉應向某人道歉accept ones apologyaccept ones apology接受某人的道歉接受某人的道歉活學活用活學活用The headmaster told the boy The headmaster told the boy the angry the angry teacher.teacher.A.to apologiseA.to apologiseB.apologise toB.apologise toC.to apologise forC.to apologise forD.to apologise toD.to a

44、pologise to解析解析 tell sb.to do sth.tell sb.to do sth.告訴某人做某事；告訴某人做某事；apologise to sb.apologise to sb.向某人道歉。向某人道歉。D重點短語與句型重點短語與句型7.in addition7.in addition另外；此外另外；此外In additionIn addition,you need to know how long you should,you need to know how long you should stay,and when you have to leave. stay,an

45、d when you have to leave.另外，你需要知道你應該呆多長時間和你何時該離開。另外，你需要知道你應該呆多長時間和你何時該離開。 （回歸課本（回歸課本P P3 3）觀察思考觀察思考In addition,he learned French by himself.In addition,he learned French by himself.=He learned French by himself,in addition.=He learned French by himself,in addition.此外，他還自學了法語。此外，他還自學了法語。Hes now runni

46、ng his own companythats in Hes now running his own companythats in addition to his job at the university.addition to his job at the university.除了他在大學的工作外除了他在大學的工作外, ,他現在還經營自己的公司。他現在還經營自己的公司。歸納拓展歸納拓展in additionin addition是副詞短語，常放在句首，也可放在句是副詞短語，常放在句首，也可放在句中、句尾。中、句尾。in addition to.in addition to.除除之外，復

47、合介詞，后接名之外，復合介詞，后接名詞或動名詞。詞或動名詞。addition addition n. n.增加；附加；附加物；增加物增加；附加；附加物；增加物as well=besides=in addition as well=besides=in addition 除此之外除此之外( (用作副詞用作副詞) )as well as=besides=apart from=in addition toas well as=besides=apart from=in addition to除除之外之外( (用作介詞用作介詞) )活學活用活學活用 gene,intelligence also dep

48、ends on an gene,intelligence also depends on an adequate diet,a good education and a decent adequate diet,a good education and a decent home environment.home environment.A.In addition B.Except forA.In addition B.Except forC.In addition to D.ExceptC.In addition to D.Except解析解析 in addition toin additi

49、on to除除之外（還有）；之外（還有）；in in additionaddition是副詞，不接賓語；是副詞，不接賓語；B B、D D兩項都表示兩項都表示“去去掉，除掉，除”，故，故C C項符合句意。項符合句意。C8.cheer sb.up8.cheer sb.up使某人高興使某人高興/ /振作起來振作起來She tried She tried to cheer him upto cheer him up. .她試圖使他高興起來。（回歸課本她試圖使他高興起來。（回歸課本P P8 8）觀察思考觀察思考The winning team were cheered by their The winn

50、ing team were cheered by their supporters.supporters.獲勝的隊受到支持者的熱烈歡呼。獲勝的隊受到支持者的熱烈歡呼。You look as though you need cheering up.You look as though you need cheering up.看來你需要振作起來。看來你需要振作起來。歸納拓展歸納拓展cheer upcheer up感到高興；感動振奮感到高興；感動振奮cheer oncheer on為為加油加油cheer sb.cheer sb.為某人喝彩為某人喝彩cheerleader cheerleader n

51、 n. .拉拉隊隊員拉拉隊隊員three cheers for sb.three cheers for sb.為某人歡呼三聲為某人歡呼三聲活學活用活學活用Give Mary a call;she needs cheering up.Give Mary a call;she needs cheering up. 給瑪麗打個電話，她需要人安慰給瑪麗打個電話，她需要人安慰。9.leave out9.leave out遺留；遺忘遺留；遺忘觀察思考觀察思考We must decide what to leave out and whatWe must decide what to leave out a

52、nd what to leave in. to leave in.我們必須決定取舍。我們必須決定取舍。Please check your exam paper carefully toPlease check your exam paper carefully to make sure you dont leave out anything make sure you dont leave out anything before handing it in.before handing it in.在上交試卷前請仔細檢查以確定沒有任何遺漏。在上交試卷前請仔細檢查以確定沒有任何遺漏。These

53、are questions left over by history.These are questions left over by history.這是些歷史遺留問題。這是些歷史遺留問題。歸納拓展歸納拓展leave behindleave behind遺留；遺忘遺留；遺忘leave offleave off停止；不再使用停止；不再使用; ;戒除戒除leave overleave over剩余；暫不解決剩余；暫不解決leave aloneleave alone別管，不理會別管，不理會on leaveon leave休假休假without leavewithout leave未經許可未經許可c

54、ross outcross out劃掉，除去劃掉，除去易混辨異易混辨異leave out/cross outleave out/cross out(1)leave out(1)leave out遺漏，漏掉。遺漏，漏掉。In your written work,you left out an In your written work,you left out an important detail,so you couldnimportant detail,so you couldnt score a t score a high mark.high mark.在書面表達中，你漏掉了一個重要細節

55、，因此你不在書面表達中，你漏掉了一個重要細節，因此你不能得高分。能得高分。(2)cross out(2)cross out劃掉，除去。劃掉，除去。The word in the sentence is unnecessary.Cross The word in the sentence is unnecessary.Cross it out.it out.這個單詞在句中多余，劃去它。這個單詞在句中多余，劃去它。活學活用活學活用 用用leaveleave短語的適當形式完成句子短語的適當形式完成句子(1)The men had all run away,(1)The men had all run

56、 away, only only women and childrenwomen and children . .(2)Its time to (2)Its time to talking and start talking and start acting.acting.(3)(3) this matter this matter until tomorrow. until tomorrow.leavingleavingbehindbehindleave offleave offLeaveLeave over over10.We stood around making small talk.

57、10.We stood around making small talk.我們站我們站 在某人旁邊閑談。在某人旁邊閑談。 句式分析句式分析本句中的本句中的making small talkmaking small talk是分詞短語作狀語，是分詞短語作狀語， 表伴隨。表伴隨。He lay on the grass,looking at the sky.He lay on the grass,looking at the sky.他躺在草地上，看著天空。他躺在草地上，看著天空。Im now working at the centre,helping drug Im now working at

58、the centre,helping drug addicts to stop drug abuse.addicts to stop drug abuse.現在我在戒毒中心工作，幫助那些癮君子們戒毒。現在我在戒毒中心工作，幫助那些癮君子們戒毒。歸納拓展歸納拓展分詞作狀語：分詞作狀語：(1)(1)分詞作狀語形式的選擇分詞作狀語形式的選擇形式形式意義意義doingdoing與句中主語構成邏輯上的主謂關系，與句中與句中主語構成邏輯上的主謂關系，與句中謂語動詞表示的動作同時發生或基本上同時謂語動詞表示的動作同時發生或基本上同時發生發生having donehaving done與句中主語構成邏輯上的主

59、謂關系，先于謂與句中主語構成邏輯上的主謂關系，先于謂語動詞的動作發生語動詞的動作發生donedone與句中主語構成邏輯上的動賓關系與句中主語構成邏輯上的動賓關系being donebeing done與句中主語構成邏輯上的動賓關系，且與謂與句中主語構成邏輯上的動賓關系，且與謂語動詞的動作同時發生，一般作原因狀語置語動詞的動作同時發生，一般作原因狀語置于句首于句首having been having been donedone與句中主語構成邏輯上的動賓關系，且先于與句中主語構成邏輯上的動賓關系，且先于謂語動詞的動作發生謂語動詞的動作發生 (2)(2)分詞作狀語的基本原則分詞作狀語的基本原則分詞作

60、狀語，分詞的邏輯主語必須與句子主語保持分詞作狀語，分詞的邏輯主語必須與句子主語保持一致；分詞作狀語必須和句中主語含有邏輯上的主一致；分詞作狀語必須和句中主語含有邏輯上的主謂或動賓關系，否則不能使用分詞作狀語。謂或動賓關系，否則不能使用分詞作狀語。(3)(3)分詞作狀語的句法功能分詞作狀語的句法功能分詞或分詞短語作狀語時，可以表示時間、原因、分詞或分詞短語作狀語時，可以表示時間、原因、結果、條件、讓步、行為方式、伴隨情況等。表示結果、條件、讓步、行為方式、伴隨情況等。表示時間關系的分詞短語有時可由連詞時間關系的分詞短語有時可由連詞whilewhile或或whenwhen引出。引出。Hearing