1、.第2講 Living well 語法篇_1. 純熟掌握動詞不定式的形勢與用法；2. 可以純熟運(yùn)用動詞不定式各種形式。一. 動詞不定式的形式一般式完成式進(jìn)展式不定式主動to doto have doneto be doing被動to be doneto have been donee.g. He appears to be very happy. T o catch the train, wed better hurry to the station by taxi. It happened to be raining when we got there. Im sorry to have l

2、ost your key. He is said to have studied abroad. These books are to be given out to the students. This novel has been translated into many languages.二. 動詞不定式的用法1. 作主語e.g. To know oneself is difficult.在很多情況下，我們通常用it作形式主語：e.g. It is impossible to learn a foreign language without making painstaking eff

3、orts.2. 作表語e.g. His wish is to become an astronaut.3. 作賓語e.g. Father likes to listen to music in silence. He had no choice but to sit there as usual. John was happy to be given the job. She is hard to get along with.在feel, find, think, consider,make等動詞后，假如賓語帶有賓語補(bǔ)足語時，常用it 作形式賓語e.g. I found it impossi

4、ble to work out the problem without a computer.可接不定時作賓語的動詞有：aimappearagreearrangeaskdecidebothercarechoosecome daredemanddesiredetermineexpectelectendeavorhopefailhappenhelphesitatelearnmeanmanageofferoughtplanpreparepretendpromiserefuseseemtendwait wishrefuse attempt continue 4. 作賓語補(bǔ)足語e.g. I heard

5、them sing yesterday. She asked me to answer the phone in her absence.注意：hope, demand, suggest后不能接不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。5. 作定語e.g. The next train to arrive was from New York. On Sundays, he always has a lot of letters to write. 6. 作狀語e.g. Im saving up to buy a computer. He got to the station only to find the tra

6、in had gone.不定式表示結(jié)果常見于以下句型。 1 so . as to do Would you be so kind as to lend me your bicycle 把你的自行車借給我好嗎？ 2 such . as to do We are not such fools as to believe him. 我們還沒蠢到竟會相信他。 3 enough to do He didnt run fast enough to catch the train.他跑得不夠快, 沒趕上火車。 4 only to do He lifted a rock only to drop it on

7、his own feet. 他搬起石頭砸自己的腳。 5 too . to do His eyesight is too poor to read such small letters. 她的視力太差了，不能看這么小的字。注意: too.to.構(gòu)造中的形容詞假如是eager, pleased, happy, ready等，動詞不定式不表示結(jié)果，也沒有否認(rèn)的意思。 The boy was too eager to get a geography book. 那個男孩非常急迫地想要得到一本地理書。 He is too anxious to know the examination results.

8、他很急迫地想知道考試結(jié)果。三. 不定式的幾種常見構(gòu)造1. 不定式的復(fù)合構(gòu)造e.g. This box is too heavy for the little boy to carry.2. 疑問詞+不定式構(gòu)造e.g. I dont know whether to go to the meeting or not.3. with/without+名詞+不定式構(gòu)造e.g. With so much work to do, Im not able to go to the cinema.4. 用作獨(dú)立成分的不定式e.g. To be frank, I dont agree with what you

9、 said.可做插入語的還有：to tell you the truth 說老實(shí)話to be frank 坦率地說to begin with 首先to be brief 簡言之to make a long story short 長話短說to be exact 準(zhǔn)確地說to say nothing of 姑且不說to conclude 總而言之to be sure 誠然，固然to do him justice 說句對他公正的話so to speak 可以這么說5. 用主動形式表示被動含義e.g. Do you have anything to say on this question? The

10、 book is difficult to understand. There is nothing to worry about.高中階段常見帶介詞的to短語歸納：be/get/become used to 習(xí)慣于 be given to 沉溺于be related to 與有關(guān)系 be addicted to 沉溺于；對上癮 be opposed to 反對 devote oneself to獻(xiàn)身于；專心于get down to 著手做 lead to 導(dǎo)致 object to反對；不喜歡；不贊成 put ones mind to全神貫注于 give rise to 引起look forw

11、ard to 盼望 pay attention to 注意 stick to 堅(jiān)持 make contributions to對作奉獻(xiàn)1. 2019湖南卷ourselves from the physical and mental tensions，we each need deep thoughtand inner quietness.A.Having freedB. FreedC. To freeD. Freeing2. 2019江西He is thought _foolishly .Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the

12、 job.A. to actB. to have actedC.acting D. having acted3.2019陜西卷20. _ the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.A. Working out B. Worked outC. To work out D. Work out4.2019四川卷7. I hope to take the computer course. Good idea. _ more about it, visit this website.A. T

13、o find out B. Finding out C. To be finding out D. Having found out5.2019天津卷5. Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only _ it didnt fitA. to find B. foundC. finding D. having found根底演練1. Its standard practice for a company like this one_ a security officer.A. EmployedB. b

14、eing employedC. to employD. employs2. With Fathers Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank _ presents for my dad.A.buyB. to buyC. buyingD. to have bought3. George returned after the war, only _ that his wife had left him.A. to be toldB.tellingC. being toldD. told4. Group activ

15、ities will be organized after class _children develop team spirit.A. helpingB. having helpedC. helpedD. to help5. The children all turned _the famous actress as she entered the classroom.A. looked atB. to look atC. to looking atD. look at穩(wěn)固進(jìn)步1. I stopped the car _ a short break as I was feeling tire

16、d.A.takeB. takingC.to takeD. taken2. _warm at night, I would fill the wood stove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it.A. StayingB. StayedC. To stayD. Stay3. Volunteering gives you a chance_lives, including your own.A. ChangeB. ChangingC. ChangedD. to change4. The airport_next y

17、ear will help promote tourism in this area.A. being completedB. to be completedC. completedD. having been completed5. The engine just wont start. Something seems_wrong with it.A. to goB. to have goneC. goingD. having gone6. Having finished her project, she was invited by the school to the new studen

18、ts.A. speakingB. having spokenC. to speakD. to have spoken7. Weve had a good start, but next, more work needs _ to achieve the final success. A. being doneB. doC. to be doneD. to do8. Were having a meeting in half an hour. The decision _ at the meeting will influence the future of our company.A. to

19、be madeB. being madeC. madeD. having been made9. This machine is very easy . Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes. A. operatingB. to be operatingC. operatedD. to operate10. Tom took a taxi to the airport, only _ his plane high up in the sky.A. FindingB. to findC. being foundD. to have found1

20、.Its important for the figures regularly.A. to be updatedB. to have been updatedC. to updateD. to have updated2. If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but _ an even greater challenge.A. meetsB. meetingC. meetD. to meet3. The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy _ an

21、ything that happened to be on.A. to watchB. watchingC. watchedD. to have watched4. Birds singing is sometimes a warning to other birds _ away.A. to stayB. stayingC. stayedD. stay5. George returned after the war, only _ that his wife had left him. A. to be toldB. tellingC. being toldD. told 6. No mat

22、ter how bright a talker you are, there are times when its better silent.A. remainB. be remainingC. having remainedD. to remain7. I remembered the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. A. LockingB. to lockC. having lockedD. to have locked8. Passengers are permitted only on

23、e piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A.to carryB. carryingC. to be carriedD. being carried9. Harrison Ford is thought to be one of the few movie stars as a carpenter before. A. to workB. to be workingC. to have workedD. to have been working10. The difference in thickness and weight from the earlie

24、r version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable .A. heldB. holdingC. be heldD. to hold11. Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier into small pieces.A. breakB. breakingC. brokenD. to break12. If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city by their ent

25、husiastic supporters.A. being cheeredB. be cheeredC. to be cheeredD. were cheered13. Simon made a big bamboo box the little sick bird till it could fly.A. keepB.keptC.keepingD.to keep14. More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced peoples concern over food safety.A. to rais

26、eB.raisingC.to have raisedD. having raised15. The ability an idea is as important as the idea itself. A. expressingB. expressedC. to expressD. to be expressed_一. 單項(xiàng)選擇1. _ on a clear day, far from the city crowds, the mountains gave him a sense of peace.A. While walkingB. WalkingC. He was walkingD. W

27、hen he was walking2. _ with Lei Feng, we still have a long way to go.A. ComparingB. ComparedC. To compare D. Being compared3. Can I have the document right now? Of course. Wait a minute and Ill have my secretary _ it for you.A. to printB. printingC. printedD. print4. I really like this song as it is

28、 often heard _everywhere in China.A. singingB. sungC. having sungD. to sing5. The door _ tomorrow will get dry the day after tomorrow.A. PaintedB. to be paintedC. being paintedD. to paint6. _ that the government can lead them out of the financial crisis, people are optimistic about the future of the

29、 country.A. ConvincingB. ConvincedC. To convinceD. Having convinced7. He could do nothing but _ what he had said.A. to take backB. to be taken backC. taking backD. take back8. I flew to Paris this morning, my assistant _ me there this Friday.A. JoiningB. to joinC. will joinD. wants to join9. _ Austr

30、alias relatively small population, its outstanding performance in the Olympic Games was really _.A. Supposing; amazing B. Comparing; amazedC. Considering; amazing D. Given; amazed10. I came into the classroom, _ my seat and sat down to read.A. findingB. to findC. foundD. to be found二. 閱讀理解 We have a

31、ll experienced days when everything goes wrong. A day may begin well enough, but suddenly everything seems to get out of control. Sometimes a single unimportant event may cause a number of things to happen. Let us suppose that you are preparing a meal and keeping an eye on the baby at the same time.

32、 The telephone rings and this causes your troubles to begin. While you are on the phone, the baby pulls the tablecloth off the table, destroying your half-prepared meal. You hang up hurriedly and attend to your baby. Meanwhile, the meal gets burnt. As if this is not enough to bring you to tears, you

33、r husband arrives home, unexpectedly bringing three guests to dinner. Things can also go wrong on the road. During rush hour one evening two cars collided and the drivers began to argue. The woman driver behind the two cars happened to be a learner. She got into a panic and stopped her car. This for

34、ced the driver following her to stop suddenly. This drivers wife was sitting beside him holding a large cake, and as she was thrown forward, the cake went right through the window and landed on the road. A truck driver seeing a cake flying through the air slammed on the brakes. The truck was carryin

35、g empty beer bottles and hundreds of them slid off the back of the truck onto the road, causing a terrible traffic jam. It took the police an hour to get the traffic on the move again. In the meantime, the truck driver had to sweep up hundreds of broken bottles. Only two dogs were enjoying themselves, for they were happily having what was left of the cake.1. If you want to answer the phone without any trouble, youd better _ . A. pull out the telephone line when you are with your babyB. put your baby on the bed and keep an eye on him / herC. not hurry to answer the phone D.