1、精選優質文檔-傾情為你奉上三十六計中英文對照孫子兵法三十六計（Thirty-Six Stratagems）乃兵家之經典著作。語源于南北朝，成書于明清，是漢民族悠久文化遺產之一。古人學好三十六計，帶兵打勝券在握。現代人習之，在商場職場生活領域中，古為今用。而三十六計在外國也極受歡迎，今天就來學習下三十六計的中英文表達吧！第一套 勝戰計Winning Stratagems第一計 瞞天過海crossing the sea under camouflage備周則意怠；常見則不疑。陰在陽之內，不在陽之對。太陽，太陰。Mask your real goals, by using the ruse of a

2、 fake goal, until the real goal is achieved. Tactically, this is known as an 'open feint': in front of everyone, you point west, when your goal is actually in the east.第二計 圍魏救趙relieving the state of Zhao by besieging the state of Wei共敵不如分敵；敵陽不如敵陰。When the enemy is too strong to be attacked d

3、irectly, then attack something he holds dear. Know that he cannot be superior in all things. Somewhere there is a gap in the armour, a weakness that can be attacked instead.The idea here is to avoid a head-on battle with a strong enemy, and instead strike at his weakness elsewhere. This will force t

4、he strong enemy to retreat in order to support his weakness. Battling against the now tired and low-morale enemy will give a much higher chance of success.第三計 借刀殺人killing someone with a borrowed knife敵已明，友示定，引友殺敵，不自出力，以損推演。When you do not have the means to attack your enemy directly, then attack usi

5、ng the strength of another. Trick an ally into attacking him, bribe an official to turn traitor, or use the enemy's own strength against him.第四計 以逸待勞waiting at one's ease for the exhausted enemy困敵之勢，不以戰；損剛益柔。It is an advantage to choose the time and place for battle. In this way you know whe

6、n and where the battle will take place, while your enemy does not. Encourage your enemy to expend his energy in futile quests while you conserve your strength. When he is exhausted and confused, you attack with energy and purpose.第五計 趁火打劫lundering a burning house敵之害大，就勢取利，剛決柔也。When a country is bese

7、t by internal conflicts, when disease and famine ravage the population, when corruption and crime are rampant, then it will be unable to deal with an outside threat. This is the time to attack.第六計 聲東擊西making a feint to the east and attacking in the west敵志亂萃，不虞，坤下兌上之象。利其不自主而取之。In any battle the eleme

8、nt of surprise can provide an overwhelming advantage. Even when face to face with an enemy, surprise can still be employed by attacking where he least expects it. To do this you must create an expectation in the enemy's mind through the use of a feint.第二套 敵戰計Enemy Dealing Stratagems第七計 無中生有creat

9、ing something out of nothing誑也，非誑也，實其所誑也。少陰，太陰，太陽。You use the same feint twice. Having reacted to the first and often the second feint as well, the enemy will be hesitant to react to a third feint. Therefore the third feint is the actual attack第八計 暗度陳倉catching your enemy with his guard down.advancin

10、g secretly by an unknown path示之以動，利其靜而有主，“益動而巽”。Deceive the enemy with an obvious approach that will take a very long time, while surprising him by taking a shortcut and sneak up to him. As the enemy concentrates on the decoy, he will miss you sneaking up to him.第九計 隔岸觀火watching a fire from the othe

11、r side of the river陽乖序亂，陰以待逆。暴戾恣睢，其勢自斃。順以動豫，豫順以動。Delay entering the field of battle until all the other players have become exhausted fighting amongst themselves. Then go in at full strength and pick up the pieces.第十計 笑里藏刀covering the dagger with a smile信而安之，陰以圖之。備而后動，勿使有變。剛中柔外也。Charm and ingratiate

12、 yourself with your enemy. When you have gained his trust, move against him in secret.第十一計 李代桃僵alming off substitute for the real thing勢必有損，損陰以益陽。Thereare circumstances in which you must sacrifice short-term objectives in order to gain the long-term goal. This is the scapegoat strategy whereby someo

13、ne else suffers the consequences so that the rest do not.第十二計 順手牽羊picking up something in passing微隙在所必乘，微利在所必得。少陰，少陽。While carrying out your plans be flexible enough to take advantage of any opportunity that presents itself, however small, and avail yourself of any profit, however slight.Attacking S

14、tratagems第三套：攻戰計第十三計 打草驚蛇beating the grass to frighten the snake疑以叩實，察而后動。復者，陰之媒也。Do something unaimed, but spectacular ("hitting the grass") to provoke a response of the enemy ("startle the snake"), thereby giving away his plans or position, or just taunt him.Do something unusua

15、l, strange, and unexpected as this will arouse the enemy's suspicion and disrupt his thinking. More widely used as "Do not startle the snake by hitting the grass". An imprudent act will give your position or intentions away to the enemy.第十四計 借尸還魂有用者，不可借；不能用者，求借。借不能用者而用之。匪我求童蒙，童蒙求我。Take

16、 an institution, a technology, a method, or even an ideology that has been forgotten or discarded and appropriate it for your own purpose.Revive something from the past by giving it a new purpose or bring to life old ideas, customs, or traditions and reinterpret them to fit your purposes.第十五計 調虎離山待天

17、以困之，用人以誘之，往蹇來返。Never directly attack an opponent whose advantage is derived from its position. Instead lure him away from his position thus separating him from his source of strength.第十六計 欲擒故縱逼則反兵，走則減勢。緊隨勿迫，累其氣力，消其斗志，散而后擒，兵不血刃。需，有孚，光。Cornered prey will often mount a final desperate attack. To preven

18、t this you let the enemy believe he still has a chance for freedom.His will to fight is thus dampened by his desire to escape. When in the end the freedom is proven a falsehood the enemy's morale will be defeated and he will surrender without a fight.第十七計 拋磚引玉類以誘之，擊蒙也。Bait someone by making him

19、believe he gains something or just make him react to it ("toss out a brick") and obtain something valuable from him in return ("get a jade gem").第十八計 擒賊擒王capturing the ringleader first in order to capture all the follower摧其堅，奪其魁，以解其體。龍戰于野，其道窮也。If the enemy's army is strong bu

20、t is allied to the commander only by money, superstition or threats, then take aim at the leader.If the commander falls the rest of the army will disperse or come over to your side.If, however, they are allied to the leader through loyalty then beware, the army can continue to fight on after his dea

21、th out of vengeance.第四套：混戰計Chaos Stratagems第十九計 釜底抽薪extracting the firewood from under the cauldro不敵其力，而消其勢，兌下乾上之象。Take out the leading argument or asset of someone; "steal someone's thunder". This is the very essence of indirect approach: instead of attacking enemy's fighting forc

22、es, the attacks are directed against his ability to wage war.第二十計 混水摸魚乘其陰亂，利其弱而無主。隨，以向晦入宴息。Create confusion and use this confusion to further your own goals.第二十一計 金蟬脫殼存其形，完其勢；友不疑，敵不動。巽而止蠱。Mask yourself. Either leave one's distinctive traits behind, thus becoming inconspicuous, or masquerade as s

23、omething or someone else.This strategy is mainly used to escape from enemy of superior strength.第二十二計 關門捉賊小敵困之。剝，不利有攸往。To capture your enemy, or more generally in fighting wars, to deliver the final blow to your enemy, you must plan prudently if you want to succeed. Do not rush into action.Before yo

24、u "move in for the kill", first cut off your enemy's escape routes, and cut off any routes through which outside help can reach them.第二十三計 遠交近攻形禁勢格，利從近取，害以遠隔。上火下澤。It is known that nations that border each other become enemies while nations separated by distance and obstacles make bette

25、r allies.When you are the strongest in one field, your greatest threat is from the second strongest in your field, not the strongest from another field.第二十四計 假道伐虢兩大之間，敵脅以從，我假以勢。困，有言不信。Borrow the resources of an ally to attack a common enemy. Once the enemy is defeated, use those resources to turn on

26、 the ally that lent you them in the first place.第五套：并戰計Proximate Stratagems第二十五計 偷梁換柱頻更其陣，抽其勁旅，待其自敗，而后乘之。曳其輪也。Disrupt the enemy's formations, interfere with their methods of operations, change the rules in which they are used to following, go contrary to their standard training.In this way you r

27、emove the supporting pillar, the common link that makes a group of men an effective fighting force.reviling/abusing the locust tree while pointing to the mulberry第二十六計 指桑罵槐大凌小者，警以誘之。剛中而應，行險而順。To discipline, control, or warn others whose status or position excludes them from direct confrontation; use

28、 analogy and innuendo. Without directly naming names, those accused cannot retaliate without revealing their complicity.第二十七計 假癡不癲feigning madness without becoming insane寧偽作不知不為，不偽作假知妄為。靜不露機，云雷屯也。Hide behind the mask of a fool, a drunk, or a madman to create confusion about your intentions and motiv

29、ations. Lure your opponent into underestimating your ability until, overconfident, he drops his guard. Then you may attack.第二十八計 上屋抽梯removing the ladder after the enemy has climbed up the roof假之以便，唆之使前，斷其援應，陷之死地。遇毒，位不當也。With baits and deceptions, lure your enemy into treacherous terrain. Then cut of

30、f his lines of communication and avenue of escape. To save himself, he must fight both your own forces and the elements of nature.第二十九計 樹上開花utting artificial flowers on tree借局布勢，力小勢大。鴻漸于陸，其羽可以為儀也。Tying silk blossoms on a dead tree gives the illusion that the tree is healthy. Through the use of artif

31、ice and disguise, make something of no value appear valuable; of no threat appear dangerous; of no use appear useful.第三十計 反客為主turning from the guest into the host乘隙插足，扼其主機，漸之進也。Usurp leadership in a situation where you are normally subordinate. Infiltrate your target. Initially, pretend to be a gues

32、t to be accepted, but develop from inside and become the owner later.第六套：敗戰計Desperate Stratagems第三十一計 美人計using seductive women to corrupt the enemy兵強者，攻其將；將智者，伐其情。將弱兵頹，其勢自萎。利用御寇，順相保也。Send your enemy beautiful women to cause discord within his camp. This strategy can work on three levels.First, the r

33、uler becomes so enamoured with the beauty that he neglects his duties and allows his vigilance to wane.Second, other males at court will begin to display aggressive behaviour that inflames minor differences hindering co-operation and destroying morale.Third, other females at court, motivated by jeal

34、ousy and envy, begin to plot intrigues further exacerbating the situation.第三十二計 空城計resenting a bold front to conceal unpreparedne虛者虛之，疑中生疑。剛柔之際，奇而復奇。When the enemy is superior in numbers and your situation is such that you expect to be overrun at any moment, then drop all pretense of military prepar

35、edness, act calmly and taunt the enemy, so that the enemy will think you have a huge ambush hidden for them.It works best by acting calm and at ease when your enemy expects you to be tense.第三十三計 反間計owing discord among the enemy疑中之疑。比之自內，不自失也。Undermine your enemy's ability to fight by secretly ca

36、using discord between him and his friends, allies, advisors, family, commanders, soldiers, and population.While he is preoccupied settling internal disputes, his ability to attack or defend is compromised.第三十四計 苦肉計deceiving the enemy by torturing one's own ma人不自害，受害必真。假真真假，間以得行。童蒙之吉，順以巽也。Pretending to b