1、20140926凱史第3次醫療教學:2017-12-08主講人：凱史（Keshe）、（Eliya）：（Rick）英文：智慧之光中文翻譯：Kearl、平安翻譯校對：、道最后更改：2015年6月13日Just doing a sound test here. We seem to be going live on live stream.This will be the 3rd Health Keshe Workshop; 3rd in this series. There was a couple of other health workshops previous but this is th

2、e 3rd in this series of all of the Knowledge Seeker Workshops. And we'll be live with Doctor Ellia Okstova and Mr Keshe from the Spaceship Institute as well as some of the Knowledge Seekers from the Spaceship Institute, I thinkMarco and John and maybe even Elmin will show.：剛才測試下我這里。我們似乎是在live st

3、ream了。這將是第三次凱史醫療教學，是這個醫療教學系列的第三次，之前也有一些健康教學，但這次是這個整個知識尋求者系列教學的第三次教學。我們參加的還有太空學院的也。醫生、凱和部分知識尋求者，、或許And so, without further , Ellia is going to bking about the skull andthe bones of the face in particular today and we'll be relating that to theemotional quota of the brain as well.那么，主題吧。今天將會詳細講解頭骨

4、和面部骨骼，把它與大腦的情感部分起來。Ellia, are you there at the Spaceship Institute.，你在太空學院那邊嗎？Yeah, hello, good morning, good evening to all of those at the SpaceshipInstitute. Today we start with the 3rd workshop and the subject is the skull bones, the face bones and how they are related to the emotional part of t

5、he brain. For that purpose, we will go like a review of the whole skull bones and the embriological development of the neorosystem because its important to follow the embriology development of the neuroystem and see in what state and in which part starts to develop the emotional part of the brain.：是

6、的。好，早上好，晚上好！向全體太空學院的人問好！今天我們開始第三次醫療教學，主題是顱骨、面部骨骼以及它們如何與大腦情感部分的聯系。為此，我們先要回顧一下整個顱骨部分以及神經系統在胚胎期的發育，因為去看看神經系統在胚胎期什么狀態下、哪個部必要的。始發育出大腦情感部分是十分So, we started with the first picture. Please Rick could you show on thelive stream, it's no. 0 in your list. With these pictures I want to show you different la

7、yers of the fat. We start with the skin, then the derma, then the muscles and then the bones of the skull. And then inside theskull, the brain and the structure of your head.那么，我們看看第一個圖片。Rcik，能不能在live stream展示一下，這圖片在你的列表上是0號用這些圖片展示一下你不同的脂肪層。我們從皮膚表皮開始，接著有真皮，再是肌肉，然后是頗骨，最后是顱骨內的腦髓和頭的結構。Picture no. 1 ple

8、ase. On that picture, you are able to see the bones ofthe skull. Actually, the skull is separated into two parts. These are the facial parts and neurological parts. This depends on what function the skull has. Because of that, it is separated into two parts. The facial bones, they are really up to 1

9、4 and their function is just to form the face and to keep safe all of the structures which are behind the bones. The bones of the face, these are the bones of your jaws. This is the larger; that is the mandibula. The upper joint is the maxilla. Then you go to the zygomatic bone which forms your oute

10、r eyes orbit.請看第一張。在上，你能看到顱骨的骨骼。實際上,頭部可以分成兩個部分，就是表面的顱骨部分和內部的神經部分。這是根據頭部的功能來劃分的，因此，它被分成兩個部分。面顱骨，一直上到14。它們的功能只是構造面部并保持里面所有結構的安全。現在看面部的骨骼，這些是你的頜骨。這個上頜骨較大，那個是下頜骨。上面的連接處是上頜骨。然后到顴骨，它構造了你外部的眼窩。In the middle of the face are the bones of your nose and the structuresof inside of those bones are important for

11、the separation of your nose which is important for how much air will pass from the environment inside of your system. Then you have the bones which form your eyes orbit. All of that belongs to your face. Other bones which are much bigger and wider, belong to your neuroskull. Because they form thewhi

12、ch is the place of your brain.面部中間是鼻骨。那些骨頭里面的鼻中隔結構是很重要的，通過它大量的空氣才能從環境中進入你。So the next picture please. For the second picture, you are able tosee the skull from the side, and there are the bones of your neuroskull. So the first one forms your forehead, this is the frontal bone. Then goes to your pars

13、ial bone which is the bigger, red one. And then you go to your occipital bone on the side. This is the temporal bone. Inside of the temporal bone are the acoustic walls which make your ears. So, on thatplace between the temporal bone, the zygomatic bone and themandibula; you form a joint. Just keep

14、this joint in mind because it'simportant for the explanation of Mr Keshe after that. I'll just repeat, the joint between the temporal bone, the zygomatic bone and mandibula; they form a joint or connection between all of these bones and this joint is so important for the relation between the

15、 physical and emotional partof the brain just keep in mind this joint.接下來，請看下一。?就是第二。你可以從從側面看到顱骨，這是顱神經。首先了你的前額，這是額骨。然后到頂骨，它是較大的紅色的那個。然后是這一側的枕骨。這個是顳骨。顳骨內部是耳朵的外耳道，在這兒長出耳朵，在顳骨、顴骨和下頜骨之間形成一個關節。正是由于它與精神保持著一種，它對凱之后的說明來說顯得很重要，我只好再重復一下，在顳骨、顴骨以及下頜骨的連接處形成了一個關節或聯接，它對大腦保持物理部分與情感部分的是很重要的。So in Picture no. 4 just

16、gives you a view from the bottom of your skull.From the bottom of your skull you are able to see in the middle a hole from where the spinal chord goes through down to your spine. So this is the bottom of your skull. Again, just find on the picture the mandibular fossa. This is the hole where the low

17、er joint makes the connection with the temporal bone and the zygomatic bone. This is related with the joint that I mentioned in the previous picture. That area is important in connecting the emotional part of the brain and the physical part of the brain. I'll just give you some clues about the s

18、kull, this is not an anatomical lecture so I'll just give you the important explanations for Mr Keshe afterwards.那么，這圖4讓展示頭骨底部的結構。從頭骨的底部，你可以看中間有個洞，脊髓從那兒向下穿過脊柱。這是你頭骨的底部。請再從圖片中找到下頜窩。這就是那個孔，在那里下面的關節與顳骨和顴骨連接，這是和我前面圖片提及的關節有關。那個區域對于大腦情感部分和物理部分的連接是十分重要的。關于頭骨我只是給一些線索，這不是一個解剖學教學，因此之后我只為之后凱給大家作一個重要性的說明。Th

19、en we go to picture no. 5 which presents to you embriologydevelopment of the neurosystem. So, the embriology development of the nervous system started in the 3rd week of the embryo's development in the womb. It's important for the development of the ectoderm layer. There are 3 embriologal la

20、yers. They are endoderm, ectoderm, mesoderm. So in the 3rd week of embriology development in the womb from ectoderm the neural plate starts to form. This is the outside layer above the ectoderm. And, it's important for you to know that knowledge because ectoderm is the base of your skin. So abov

21、e your skin you form your neurosystem. And then you begin to know what is the relation and how important it is. So, you see on the first part of that picture you see 18 days. So 18 days is the formation of the neural plate above the ectoderm. And on 20 days of this neuro layering you have some evagu

22、nation 2.16. That evagunation can form all the main channels of your brain. From that evagunation starts to form all of the ventriculars in your brain, and the end of this evagunation goes to the spinal chord down to all your spine. So in the first part of the picture you see how your brain is forme

23、d and the bottom part of that picture, which is mentioned on the 20 days you see how it starts to form your spinal chord.接著我們看到圖5，它展示了神經系統在胚胎期的發育。神經系統從胚胎發育的第三周開始在中發育。它對外胚胎層的發育十分重要。一共有三種胚層，它們是內胚層、外胚層和中胚層。在中在胚胎發育的第三外胚層開始發育成神經板，它是外胚胎的上層。你學到這個知識是十分重要的，因為外胚胎是皮膚的基礎，因此在你的皮膚上形成了神經系統。那么，你由此就知道這種和它的重要性。在那個圖片的

24、第一部分，你見到的是胚胎發育的第18天。那么，在18天內，外胚層上形成了神經板；在第20天，神經層就會形成一些的突起譯者注：教學時間到此為2：16 。這些突起可以形成腦部所有的主要通道，從這個突起開始形成所有腦室，在突起的末端變成到脊髓并向下貫穿脊柱。所以在圖片的第一部分，你可以看到腦怎么形成，在圖片下部，也是之前提到的20天時的那個地方，你能看到怎樣開始形成脊髓。We go to the 22nd day. The 22nd day you see how the central nervoussystem is placed and starts to form two ventricul

25、ars. In the middle, in the green colour it shows that evagunation. Then, between the ectoderm and this neuro layer you see formation of the main channel. This is between neural layer and ectoderm. It's again connection between yourskin and your nervous system.我們接著去看第22天。在第22天我們看到中樞神經系統已經放好了，并產生了

26、兩個腦室。在圖中間綠色部分展示了那個突起，接著你可以看到在外胚胎和這些神經層之間形成了主要通道。它是在神經層和外胚胎之間，它再次連接了你的皮膚和神經系統。OK, and then we go for 24 days. You see how your central nervoussystem is developed. We go at the beginning to the nervous system of the fish. If you've ever saw the nervous system of the fish. The beginning of the nerv

27、ous system of the human in the womb is identical to theformation of that of the fish.OK，到了第24天，你可以看到中樞神經系統怎樣發育。我們現在看看魚的神經系統吧。如果你看過魚的神經系統，人類的神經系統在相同的。中開始形成和魚的是Then we go to the next picture no.6. In the 4th week of your embryodevelopment, this neural layer starts the formation of neural tube. And thi

28、s neural tube is separated into 4 parts. You see in pink is your forebrain. In yellow is your midbrain. In green is your hindbrain and with blue this is your spinal chord. Then, when you develop during the weeks, all of these different parts start to develop different kind of functions. So, the from

29、 green part originates the myelencephalon, the medulia of your brain. And the metencephalon, this is the pons and cerebellum.Cerebellum is your small brain which take care of the equilibrium of your body in space. Now you see the border between the yellow and the green part. Just remember this borde

30、r, this is so important. So the yellow part is important for the development of the mesencephalon, this is the middle part. And the pink is for the formation of your central nervoussystem, this is the diencephalon and telencephalon.我們接下看圖6，在胚胎發育的第四周，這些神經層開始形成神經管。這些成四個部分。粉紅部分是前腦，黃色是中腦，綠的是后腦，藍的是脊髓。那么在

31、這幾周中，這些不同部分顯示出不同的功能。綠色部分產生了延髓，即腦的延髓，還有后腦，這是腦橋和小腦。小腦是腦中體積較小的部分，它著身體空間位置的平衡。現在你看到黃色部分和綠色部分之間那個交界部分。請記住這個重要的部分，黃色部分對中腦的發育十分重要，這是中間部分，粉紅色部分是關于大腦中樞神經系統形成是的，這是間腦和終腦【（胚胎）前腦胞 】。OK, then we go to the next picture no. 7. So, in picture no. 7 you seeagain the view of development of the neural system. It is imp

32、ortant to mention here that in the development of the neural system in the beginning, you see that the tube is bending. So, you see that on the top is the yellow part, and then is the red part. This is the shape of the embryo. So from the beginning all of the neural tubes are placed all down the bod

33、y of the embryo. So, all of the body of the embryo is represented by the neural system. So, the next one you see week 4 of the embryo.Again, different parts of your brain are represented.And when you go to the last part of that picture you see where is the border between yellow and blue.So how you s

34、ee from the blue part the origins of the thalamus, hypothalamus and epithalamus.This is your diencephalon in your brain.Remember the border between your between your middle brain, which is your mesencephalon and the diencephalon; from there originates the thalamus, hypothalamus and epithalamus. So,

35、now go to the lateral view and you see where is the border between the blue part so the blue part consists of the eyes and also the lower part of your face, your neck, your front, and the back of your neck.And then comes the middle brain and here it is important to mention the border between the yel

36、low part,this is the mesencephalon and the blue part, this is your diencephalon.So after the blue part you have the grey part. This is your cerebellum,your brain.好，我們接著看圖7。你從圖7再次看到了神經系統發育的示意圖。先在這里看神經系統的開始發育是十分重要的。你看到這個管子是彎曲的。你看這頂部是黃色部分，接著是紅色部分。這是胚胎的形狀。因此從胚胎發育開始起，神經管都向胚體下方延伸。這樣，全部胚體都伴隨著神經系統的發育。那么，接下來

37、你看到第四周的胚胎。再次看到大腦出現不同部分。接著，看到這個圖片的最后部分，可以看到黃色與之間邊界。那么，你可以從部分看到丘腦、下丘腦和上丘腦的。這是腦部的間腦。請記住，筆譯者加：“間腦和”中腦之間的邊界。這是你的中腦和間腦，在那里產生丘腦、下丘腦和上丘腦。接著看這個側面圖，在這里你看到了部分的邊界，那么這部分包括了眼睛、下面的面部、頸部、頸的前部和后部。接著是中腦。這黃色部分十分重要，所以提醒一下，這是中腦。這是腦部的小腦。部分是間腦。那么在部分后面是灰色部分，Then we go to the next picture no. 8. In no. 8 chart gives you dif

38、ferentorigins of different parts of the brain. So go to the point of the originone, your diencephalon. Diencephalon gives you optic visual,epithalamus, thalamus and hypothalamus. What is the function of that?Function is vision and then you get the penial gland and then you get the nerve centre for o

39、ptic and auditory neurons and then you get regulation of temperature, sleep and breathing regulation. OK, so the border that we've mentioned is between the orange part and green part. What is the border between your diencephalon and mesencephalon; your middle brain. So, your middle brain gives y

40、ou fiber tracts between anterior and posterior brain, obtic lobes and tectum.接著我們看圖8。圖8中顯示了腦不同部位的來源，現在看那個原始點間腦，它產生了眼睛視覺、上丘腦、丘腦和下丘腦。它的功能是什么呢？是視覺。接著產生了松果腺（譯注：原文是penial，估計寫錯了,應該是pineal），再產生了視覺和聽覺的神經中樞，接然后產生了能溫度、睡眠和呼吸的神經中樞。好，而我們之前提到的交界區是在橙色和綠色部位之間。那間腦和中腦的交界區又在哪里呢？在大腦的中間部位，就在大腦前部和后部之間的中腦產生了束，視神經葉（譯注：原文是o

41、btic，可能應為optic）和大腦皮層。And then, go to the next picture no. 9. It's the chart that gives you all theverses of the embryology to the other parts of the brain. Just to have itand if you need to make some check after the workshop to know eachpart of the embriology of the nervous system and what parts

42、 make upthe adult brain.接著到圖9。它顯示了腦其他部分的全部胚胎學知識。因為你具有這個知識，如果你在教學后去查有關資料，你就可以知道神經系統的胚胎學每個知識以及哪個部分發育為成大腦。Then we go to the next picture no. 10. So this pictures give you a spiralof the evolution of the embryo development of the brain to the adult age. So you see how the shape of the embryology gives y

43、ou different states. It's the same state in different kinds of animals. So our neural state is represented in this evolution of different kinds of animals from the fish to the human. And finally we get our adult shape. It's important in this picture to notice how the embryo head is bending t

44、he neural tube forward. This is so important. And remember that one.接著看圖10。它顯示了腦從胚胎發育到成螺旋演變階段。這樣你就知道了不同階段胚胎的形態。不同的動物都擁有相同的形態。從魚到人類的不同動物中，神經狀態都有相似性的。最后有了成形態。這圖中，值得注意的是胚胎的頭部神經管怎樣向前壓彎，這是十分重要的，請記住。Then we go to picture no. 11. These pictures give you the pictures ofembryo. I put them here to show you ho

45、w the head of the embryo is bending forward and how we spoke in the previous picture ，how we spoke of the area that includes, the eyes, hair, the primary mouth and primary nose. So includes the small part of the neck which is on your face and the neck which is on your back. Actually the neck that is

46、 here onthe embryo is just below your ear. So just pay attention to that area,because that area in the development after that you will see is related toyour emotional brain because it belongs to your diencephalon, if you remember from previous pictures. And diencephalon gives you thalamus, epithalam

47、us and hypothalamus. So that area which includes eyes, nose, mouth, ears; part of your neck which is here like a part of your head but really is neck because the head is bended forward; and part of your neck which is on your face side. This is the part which develops your emotional brain and this is

48、 completely different to the other parts of your neural system.接著看圖11。這些圖展示了胚胎。我把這些圖放在這兒，是為了顯示胚胎的頭怎樣向前彎曲、前面圖片中提及的那個區域，包括眼睛、頭發、初期的嘴巴和鼻子。因此包括前面和背面的頸部一小部分。事實上這里的胚胎期的頸部正好在耳朵下面。如果你還記得之前的圖片，你就要注意這個胚胎發育區域區域，因為你即將看到的那個區域與腦的情感發展有關，因為它屬于間腦，間腦會產生你的丘腦、上丘腦和下丘腦。因此它包括眼睛、鼻子、嘴巴、耳朵以及在圖中看上去像你腦的一部分而實際上的頸部，因為頭部是向前彎曲的，而部

49、分頸部在面部的一側。它是將要演變為情感大腦的部分，它完全不同于神經系統的其他部分。Then we go to the 12th picture. This is the anatomical picture of an adultbrain. Now this is the picture of the brain of the adult. In the embryo everything you see in the pink colour is bending forward. In the adult everything is seated normally in a horizon

50、tal line and in the embryo this is bending forward. Just imagine all this pink area which is your cerebrum bending forward and then between the yellow that is your cerebellum or your small brain is the blue area which is, in this picture, in the middle. But if you bend this area forward this cerebel

51、lum will be between the yellow and the pink area. Just to imagine what we spoke of in the previous picture. So, this blue area you see is your diencephalon, which we spoke of before, and consists of the thalamus, hypothalamus and epithalamus. And, during the development from that area the pituitary

52、glands appear this is your hypoface? 29：07 OK, from that picture it is important to remember the thalamus and hypothalamus and like anatomically named; corpus collosum. This is the bridge which separates the cerbrum from the diencephalon. What is in that case thalamus and hypothalamus, which is impo

53、rtant because in that case what goes there are so many neural tracts. This is like a highway of the neural impulses.那么我們看看圖12。這是一個發育成腦的示意圖。現在，它就是成年人腦的示意圖。在胚胎中，你看到所有粉色的東西都是向前彎曲的。在成年后，所有東西一般都是呈水平線；而胚胎期中，它們都是向前彎曲的。回憶一下所有這些粉域都是你向前彎曲的大腦，那么在（粉色）和黃色之間就是你的小腦，或者說小腦是在圖片中間位置的區域，但如果你把這個部分向前彎曲的話，小腦就會在黃色和粉域之間。剛才回

54、憶的就是我們之前用圖片說過的。因此你看到的區域就是之前說過的間腦，由丘腦、下丘腦和上丘腦。在發育期間這區域就會形成腦下垂體這是你的腦下垂體譯者注：hypoface應為hypophysis29.07好了，從看，記住丘腦、下丘腦和解剖學上所說的胼胝體是很重要的，它是劃分大腦和間腦的橋梁。丘腦和下丘腦很重要，因為在這里有這么多神經束，它就像是神經沖動的高速通道。Then we go to picture no. 13. In that picture you see your head after theneck just cut through the middle through the nos

55、e. Just find out in your brain the number 5. It's in the middle of all that brain, no. 5. Even it's coloured like a brown point. This is your thalamus. And then see the number 3 this is your corpus collosum. This corpus collosum is a border between your cerebrum and your diencephalon in the

56、middle which isthe thalamus, epithalamus, hypothalamus. Then, if you make thehorizontal line from the no. 5 to reach the skull bones you will get onepoint. And if you make the line between no. 5 and then go through theF. From a corpus collosum it's a 3. It's separate to the A,B F. So, connec

57、t the no. 5 to F like a letter and then connect the skull bones. And then you get one point. Just remember the point. It's nearly written on this picture no. 2, if you see on this picture; your small brain. But actually it's a line no. 5 your thalamus. Letter F, from no. 3 which is your corp

58、us collosum. And then go straight to the skull bones. So remember that point, it's important for the next explanations.接下來，看圖13。圖13中，你會看到向下穿過頸子與鼻子的十字交叉處，正好是丘腦。發現丘腦正好在圖中標號5所表示的位置。它在腦的中部，在圖中標號為5。它的顏色甚至是彩色的，就像一個棕色的點。這是丘腦。接著看標號3，它是胼胝體。胼胝體是大腦與間腦的交界處。這兒有丘腦、上丘腦和下丘腦。如果你從5號畫一條水平線到頭骨，你會找到一個點。如果在5號間畫這 條線，就會穿過F。從胼胝體開始引出的線，就是標號3。這樣就畫出了3、5、 F。這樣連接標號5和字母F，那么就連接到了頭骨。這樣就會獲得一個點。請記住這個點。如果你看這圖，它和圖2中所畫的小腦差不多。在圖中標號5這條線 實際上表示的是丘腦