1、英語必修III譯林牛津版Unit2語法教學教案it基本用法一It作人稱代詞1指事物it 可以除人以外的一切事物或動物。如：I dropped my watch and it broke. 我把手表掉在地上摔壞了。2. 指人it 指人主要用于指不性別不明的嬰兒或用于確認某人的身份。如：Is it a boy or a girl? 是 男孩還是女孩?There is a knock on the door. It must be the postman. 有人在敲門，一定是郵遞員。【說明】在答語中，常用來指本人，如說 Its me。3. 代替某些代詞代詞 it 還可用于代替指示代詞this, th

2、at 以及復合不定代詞 something, anything, nothing等。如：“Whats this?” “Its a new machine. ” “這是什么?”“是一種新機器”。Nothing is wrong, is it? 沒出什么問題，是嗎?二、it 作非人稱代詞的用法1主要用于指時間、距離、價值、天氣、氣候及溫度等自然現象。如：Its too late to go there now. 現在去那兒已經太遲了。2. 用于某些句型Its time for sth. 該做某事了。It s time to do sth. 該做某事的時候了。Its time for sb to d

3、o sth. 某人該干某事了。Its (about / high) time + that-從句. 某人該做某事了。(從句謂語用過去式，有時也用“should+動詞原形”)Its first (second) time + that-從句. 某人第幾次干某事。(從句謂語用現在完成時)Its + 時間段 + since-從句. 自從有一段時間了。Its + 時間段 + before-從句. 過多長的時間才三、It作形式主語當不定式、動名詞、從句等用作主語時，為避免頭重腳輕，通常在句首使用形式主語it，而把真正的主語放在句子末尾。如：Its a pity to refuse. 拒絕是令人遺憾的。I

4、ts no use saying any more about it. 再談這事沒有用。Its not known where she went. 她到哪里去了沒人知道。注：It is said / reported / believed / understood that 這類結構中的 it 也是形式主語。如：Its reported that two people were injured in the accident. 據報導這次事故中有兩人受傷。It作形式主語的常見句型結構It + be +形容詞+ that-從句可用于此句型的形容詞有: wonderful, true，good，r

5、ight，wrong，（un）important，useless，surprising，clear，unusual，lucky，certain, necessary等。 如： It is quite certain that he will be at the meeting. It is surprising that he came late to school this morning.注意: 該句型中的形容詞是（un）important, necessary等時，從句應為 (should )+動詞原形。It + be + -ed 分詞+ that-從句 適用該句型的過去分詞主要有: s

6、aid, reported, announced, hoped, thought，told，believed，expected，decided，suggested, known等。如： It is hoped that one day they will have enough animals to set them free It is suggested that the sports meeting (should ) be put off until next week.注意: 該句型的過去分詞是suggested時，從句應為 (should )+動詞原形。It + be +名詞+ t

7、hat-從句 適用該句型的名詞（詞組）有: a pity，an honor，a good thing，a fact，a surprise，good news, ones duty等。 如： It is a pity (that) you missed the sports meeting last week. It seem appear happen的適當形式that從句。該句型常可以轉換成含不定式的簡單句。如： It seems that there is a big waste pipe coming down from the town. There seems to be a big

8、 waste pipe coming down from the town.It doesnt matter ( Its no wonder; It doesnt make much difference等) when/ where/ which/ whether 等從句。 如： Does it matter if he cant finish the job on time? It + be + adj./ n. (for sb. / of sb.) + to do sth. 該句型中的形容詞通常是表示事物的特點或特征的如difficult，hard，easy，impossible，nece

9、ssary，important等，此時用for；或表示人的性格特征或特點的如nice，good，bad，kind，silly，foolish，wise，clever， careless，rude，brave，cruel，careful， grateful等，這時要用 of。如： It is foolish of you to give up such a good chance.四、作形式賓語當不定式、動名詞、從句等用作賓語且其后跟有賓語補足語時，就應在賓語補足語前使用形式賓語，而將真正的賓語移至句末。如： I find it easy to get on with her. 我發現她很容易相

10、處。通常意義的形式賓語主要見于真正賓語為不定式、動名詞、從句等且其后跟有賓語補足語時的情形，即用于“動詞+it+賓語補足語+真正的賓語”這樣的結構，但以下兩類形式賓語卻比較特殊，其后沒有賓語補足語。如：(1) 由于介詞后通常不能直接跟that從句作賓語，有個別特殊結構就在介詞后先接it作形式賓語，再跟that從句。如：You may depend on it that he will turn up in time. 你可以相信他會及時趕到的。I cant answer for it that the boy is honest. 我不能保證這個男孩是誠實的。【注意】 在其他情況下解決介詞后跟

11、that從句的辦法是借用the fact作賓語。如：They were worried over the fact that you were sick. 他們為你生病發愁。 個別介詞(主要是but和except)也可接that從句作賓語。如：I know nothing about him except that he lives next door. 我只知道他住在隔壁，其他的就不知道了。(2) 有的動詞由于通常只用作及物動詞，當它們后接if從句或when從句，通常應先在動詞后接it作形式賓語。如：She wont like it if you arrive late. 她不喜歡你遲到。H

12、e hates it when people use his bike. 他討厭別人用他的自行車。I would appreciate it very much if you would help me with it. 如果你能幫助我做這事，我會十分感激。【注意】能這樣用的動詞不多，主要的有enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer, appreciate等表示情緒的動詞。而且高考對此也有所考查，請看一道高考真題(答案選A)。如：I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full.A. it B. that

13、C. these D. them五it引導的強調句1it引導的強調句型，通常形式為：Itbe被強調部分thatwho其它。這種強調句由普通陳述句轉換而來，用來強調句子的主語、賓語或狀語。例如： Karl bought Marva a bicycle on her birthday卡爾在瑪瓦生日那天給她買了一輛自行車。 It was Karl thatwho bought Marva a bicycle on her birthday（強調主語） It was Marva for whom Karl bought a bicycle on her birthday（強調間接賓語） It was a bicycle that Karl bought Marva on her birthday（強調直接賓語） It was on her birthday that Karl bought Marva a bicycle（強調狀語） 1.It was with great joy _he received the news that his lost daughter had been found.