1、七下英語重要知識點(diǎn)梳理語法知識點(diǎn)1 .詞類：物主代詞、情態(tài)動詞can和方位介詞短語2 .時態(tài)：一般將來時態(tài)和一般過去時態(tài)3 .句型：特殊疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句和選擇疑問句詞類1）物主代詞：表示所屬關(guān)系的代詞（屬于誰的）人稱單 數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)形容詞性物主代 詞名詞性物主代 詞形容性物主代 詞名詞性物主代 詞第一人稱mymineourours第二人稱youryoursyouryours笫三人稱hishistheirTheirsherhersitsits形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞的關(guān)系:“形容詞性物主代詞：必須和名詞在一起。My father, your teacher. 4物主代詞名詞性物主代詞:相

2、當(dāng)于與之相對應(yīng)的形容詞性物主代詞+名詞。This shirt is mine. =This is my shirt.練習(xí)(1)選擇題。()1. Look at()2. I driveC. them()3.()4. I love()5. Do you know. A. him B. heto the park every day.C. hisA. they B. theirclassroom is big. A. we B. us C. Our A. she B her C. hers? A. I B. my C. me()6. I am()7. This is notson. A. they

3、B. their C. themdesk. My desk is over there. A. IB. myC.me()8. Can you spellname, Harry? Sorry. A. youB. your C.yours()9. Tom and Jack are brothers. This is room. A. they B. them C.their()10. We are in the same class.classroom is very nice. A. ourB.my C. oursstudent. A. he B. his C.()11. Mrs. Green

4、is my teacher. V m him()12. That s a cat. name is Mimi.A. It B. It s C. Its（2）用括號里的代詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1, Mr Yang is (we) teacher.(him) is from Beijing. (his) teaches(our) English.2, Look,there is a cat.(they) is Lilys.(it) name is Mimi.3, Let(I) tell (she) about(he) life at school.4, This is (they) room. Wher

5、e is (our)?5, Don11 use the eraser. is (me).6, The lady under the tree is(me) aunt.(her) often sings with(she) husband 情態(tài)動詞can1.含義：表達(dá)人或物的能力，能或會2.特點(diǎn)：情態(tài)動詞can沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，之后要加動詞原形。3.否定形式：cannot（正式用法）=can t（口語）4.句型結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句： 主語+情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形+其他+。She / They can swim well.否定句： 主語+情態(tài)動詞+ not +動詞原形+其他+ oShe / They can

6、 not swim well.一般疑問句：情態(tài)動詞+主語+動詞原形+其他+ ?Can she / they swim well?Yes, she / they can. / No, she / theycan，t.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+情態(tài)動詞+主語+動詞原形+其他+ ? Why can she / they swim well?Who can swim well?練習(xí):()1) The sign on the wall means you stay away from the building.A. mustB. can tC. shouldnr t()2) How many books yo

7、u see on the desk?A. may B. can C. should()3) you see the sign over there? Sorry, I can t.A. Can B. Can t C. Should4. I can run fast. I fast.(否定句)5. He can play basketball well.(一般疑問句) he basketball well?3)介詞Lingling sits between Tony and Darning.玲玲坐在托尼和大明之間 among在三者或三者以上之間Miss Li is among lots of s

8、tudents.老師在許多同學(xué)之間 注意：介詞短語常和be動詞連用。時態(tài)1） 一般將來時時間狀語：in+一段時間；tomoirow； in the future； next+時間；this+時間 （表示將來時間的狀語）（I ） be （is,am. are） going to 的用法。含義：計(jì)劃，打算做某事將來時句型結(jié)構(gòu)：一般將來時be going to+動詞原形肯定句結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+be going to +動詞原形+其他.否定句結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+be not going to +動詞原形+其他.一般疑問句：be動詞提前Be +主語+going to +動詞原形+其他？肯定回答：Yes,主語+be.否

9、定回答：No,主語+be not.注意：表示計(jì)劃到某地去，謂語動詞go與going重復(fù)，一般只說be going to +地點(diǎn).cotne/go/arrive/leave等表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動詞可用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行表將來。Eg：I am going to London next year.She is going to check her email.Look! The bus is coming.（II ）由shall和will引導(dǎo)的一般將來時含義：將會特點(diǎn)：助動詞shall和will沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，之后要加動詞原形。shall在一般將來時中，一般用于第一人稱之后。例如：I/We shall ha

10、ve an English lesson.我們將有一節(jié)英語課。否定形式：shall not = shan/ t will not = wonz t將來時句型結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句：主語+shall/will+do否定句：主語+shall/will+not+do （will not 可縮寫成 won t）一般疑問句：shall/will+主語+ do特殊疑問句：疑問詞+ $111及:111+主語+（1。2） 一般過去時1 . 一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀杰，常和表示過去的時 間狀語連用。一般過去時也表示過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作。2 .標(biāo)志性時間狀語：yesterday （昨天），last

11、 week （上周），last month （上個月），last year （去年）,two months ago （兩個月前），the day before yesterday （前天），in 1990 （在 1990 年），in those days （在那些日子里） 等表示過去的時間狀語連用。3 .動詞結(jié)構(gòu)：V-ed動詞過去式變化規(guī)則：1 .一般在動詞末尾加-ed,如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2 .結(jié)尾是 e 加 d,如：taste-tasted3 .末尾是輔音字母加一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾 的輔音字母，再加-ed,如：stop-stop

12、ped4 .以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i,再加-ed,如:study-studied5 .不規(guī)則動詞過去式：lose （丟失）drive （駕駛）一一make （制造）eat （吃）mean （意思）fall （落下）一一meet （見）fly（飛）一一pay （付）forget （忘）-say （說）give （給）sell （賣）go （去）一send （送）grow （成長）sit（坐）know （知道）sleep （睡）lie （躺）一一smell （嗅）ring （按spell （拼寫）鈴）spend （度過）write （寫）stand （站）ride （騎）teach （教

13、）see （看見）tell （告訴）一wake （弄醒）win （贏）sing（唱）think （想）speak （講話）understand （理解）wear （穿）begin （開始）swim （泳）一blow （吹）take （拿）break （打破）throw （扔）choose （選擇）become （成為）do （做）come （來）draw （畫）run （跑）drink （喝）4.句式變化規(guī)則：Be動詞在一般過去時中的變化：（1） am和is在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣aso （was not=wasn* t）（2） are 在一般過去時中變?yōu)?were。（were not=weren

14、f t）（3）帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is, am, are一樣，即 否定句在was或were后加not, 一般疑問句把was或were調(diào)到句首。句中沒有be動詞的一般過去時的句子否定句：didnt +動詞原形，如：Jim went home yesterday.一般疑問句：在句首加did,句子中的動詞過去式變回原形。如：Jim went home yesterday.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句？如：Jim went home yesterday.1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊，I have a picnic with my friends.I have a picn

15、ic with my friends.2. 下個星期一你打算去干嘛？我想去打籃球。Whatnext Monday?I play basketball.What you do next Monday? I play basketball.3. Nancy is going to go camping.(改否定) Nancy going to go camping.4. I 11 go and join them.(改否定)I go join them.5. I m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.(改一般疑問句) to get up at 6：30 tomorr

16、ow?6. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.(改一般疑問句) meet at the bus stop at 10:30.用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Tom (visit) a farm last week.2. The twins (water) the flowers in the garden yesterday morning.3. I (watch) a film with my friend last Friday.4. My father (be) in London last year.5. What (do) you do th

17、ree days ago?6. (be) there any parks here in 1950?7. What(do) you do just now? I (wash) my clothes.改寫句子1. We are all happy.(改成一般過去時)2. I visit my grandparents every week.Weall happy.(用 last week 代替 every week)3 There were some zebras in the zoo last year.(改為一般疑問句并作肯定回答)四、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空.1. Today is a su

18、nny day. We (have) a picnic this afternoon.2. My brother (go) to Shanghai next week.3. Tom often (go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He (go) to school by bike.4. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually (watch) TV and (catch) insects?It s Friday today. What she (do) this weekend?She (wat

19、ch) TV and (catch) insects.6. What(do) you do last Sunday? I(pick) apples on a farm.What (do) next Sunday? I (milk) cows.7. Mary (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.8. David (give) a puppet show next Monday.9. I (plan) for my study now.句型1）特殊疑問句。含義：以特殊疑問詞開頭的疑問句。特殊疑問詞總結(jié)：what什么（職業(yè)，等）what day 星期幾 What da

20、y is it today?what size 多 大尺碼 What size are your shoes?what time =when 什么時間what colour什么顏色what size多大號when什么時候（就時間提問）where什么地方（就地點(diǎn)提問）who誰（問人的身份，等）which哪一個why為什么（就原因提問，常用because回答）how怎么樣how many 多少（提問可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量）How many books do you have ?，多少（提問不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量）How much water is there in the glass? JHow much I多少錢

21、（提問價(jià)格）How old幾歲（提問年齡）多長（提問長度）How long is this ruler?How long這把尺子有多長？匚 多長時間（時間持續(xù)多久）How long do you go to school ?你去學(xué)校要多長時間？How often多久（提問頻率既單位時間發(fā)生多少次）How soon （還要多久時間才能開始或結(jié)束）How soon will he come back ?How far （提問距離有多遠(yuǎn)）他多久才能回來？How heavy （提問有多重）句型結(jié)構(gòu)：特殊疑問詞+ 一般疑問句？Eg ：Why do you like watching TV ?當(dāng)堂檢測：就

22、劃線部分提問。1. He often has lunch in the factory. he often lunch?2. They will come back in a month. will they come back?3. He hurt his leg last Sunday. he hurt his leg ?4. I got up at six this morning you up this morning ?5. They were drawing a horse when I came in. they when I came in ?6. I didnt go to

23、school because I had a bad cold. you go to school?7. Youd better take the No. 3 bus. bus I better take?8. Hes feeling welL he feeling ?9. The girl in a red coat is my sister. is your sister?10. He comes to China once a year. he to China?IL He goes to see his grandma （ twice a week ）.（對括號部分提問）*12. My

24、 father goes to work by car.（改為特殊疑問句） ?13. It take （ 15 minutes ） for a ferry to cross the river.（對括號部 分提問）914. You can dial ( 110 ) to call the police.(對括號部分提問) can you dial to call the police15. Ted put his bag in the desk .(改為特殊疑問句) Ted in the desk?16. The students ( went camping ) last week.(對括號部分提問)?17. Diogenes came from ( Greece ).(對括號部分提問) Diogenes ?B. How an C.18. The way to keep fit is ( to eat food and take morn exercise)(對 括號部分提問)5. A. Howfoolish they were! They believed what the man said.B. How anC. WhatD. What anthe way to ?2