1、 微型計算機及控制技術實訓 班級： 1220331 姓名： 李帥 學號： 44 實驗一：LED流水燈設計1、 設計目的1. 通過此次涉及、熟悉并掌握實驗系統原理和方法2. 掌握流水燈原理和使用方法2、 設計過程（1） 設計內容1. 了解LED發光二極管的順序滅2. 了解LED的使用原理和引腳接法3. 掌握實用Keil環境編程4. 掌握下載Keil編譯好的稱序列AT89C51單片機中（2） 實驗步驟1. 掌握AT89C51單片機與外設LED的引腳接法和使用原理2. 使用Keil編譯環境，編寫LED發光二極管順序滅的程序3. 在Keil編譯好的程序下載到AT89c51單片機中，實現LED發光二極管

2、順序滅（3） 電路及程序設計1. 電路設計2. 編程如下org 0sjmp startorg 30hstart:mov P1,#1;P1.0為1，不亮mov P1,#2;P1.1為1，不亮mov P1,#4;以下原理同上mov P1,#8mov P1,#10hmov P1,#20hmov P1,#40hmov P1,#80hsjmp startdelay:nopnopnopnopretend（4） 設計結果如上圖：D7亮了。如上圖：D3亮了。實驗二8*8點陣的設計一、實驗目的：1. 了解點陣式LED顯示原理。2.掌握單片機與8×8點陣塊之間接口電路設計及編程。3.掌握8155工作原理

3、及與單片機的接口電路設計。二、實驗要求：利用8×8點陣顯示屏，自己設計并調試電路板，實現在單片機的控制下，點陣顯示屏顯示數字。3、 實驗步驟： 1、實驗電路圖 2、編碼程序： #include<reg52.h>#include <intrins.h> #define uchar unsigned char#define uint unsigned intuchar i=0,n,k;uchar code Table8=0x00,0x00,0x3C,0x42,0x42,0x3C,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x22,0x7E,0x02,0x0

4、0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x22,0x46,0x4A,0x32,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x22,0x49,0x49,0x36,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x28,0x7E,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7A,0x29,0x29,0x2E,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3E,0x49,0x49,0x26,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x4F,0x50,0x60,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x36,0x49,0x49,0x36,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3

5、2,0x49,0x49,0x3E,0x00,0x00,0x91,0x52,0x00,0xA4,0xF5,0xBF,0xF4,0xA4, 0x11,0x13,0x55,0x51,0x55,0x12,0x11,0x00, ;uchar code Tab=0xfe,0xfd,0xfb,0xf7,0xef,0xdf,0xbf,0x7f; void delay(uint i); void main()TMOD=0x00;TH0=(8192-3000)/32;TL0=(8192-3000)%32;TR0=1;EA=1;ET0=1;while(1)n=4; void T0_ISP(void) interru

6、pt 1 TH0=(8192-3000)/32; TL0=(8192-3000)%32;P3 =Tabk+;if(k=8)k=0;P0 = Tableni; if(+i = 8) i = 0;void delay(uint i)while(i-); 3、實驗結果：實驗三：矩陣鍵盤的設計一、實驗目的：1、掌握鍵盤接口的基本特點，了解獨立鍵盤和矩陣鍵盤的應用方法。2、掌握鍵盤接口的硬件設計方法，軟件程序設計和貼士排錯能力。3、復習利用Keil51軟件對程序進行編譯。4、用Proteus軟件繪制“矩陣鍵盤掃描”電路，并用測試程序進行仿真。 二、實驗要求  通過實訓，學生應達到以下幾方面的要

7、求： （1）素質要求 1.以積極認真的態度對待本次實訓，遵章守紀、團結協作。 2.善于發現數字電路中存在的問題、分析問題、解決問題，努力培養獨立工作能力。   （2）能力要求 1.模擬電路的理論知識 2.脈沖與數字電路的理念知識 3.通過模擬、數字電路實驗有一定的動手能力 4.能熟練的編寫8951單片機匯編程序 5.能夠熟練的運用仿真軟件進行仿真三、實訓基本步驟      1、用Proteus繪制“矩陣鍵盤掃描”電路原理圖。 2、編寫程序使數碼管顯示當前閉

8、合按鍵的鍵值。（代碼）#include<reg51.h>#define uchar unsigned char#define uint unsigned int ucharcodedis= 0xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8,0x80,0x90,0X88,0X83,0XC6,0XA1,0X86,0X8E;uchar code tab=0x77,0xb7,0xd7,0xe7,0x7b,0xbb,0xdb,0xeb,0x7d,0xbd,0xdd,0xed,0x7e,0xbe,0xde,0xee;void delay(uint x) uchar

9、i;while(x-)for(i=0;i<120;i+); uchar scan() uchar a,b,c,i;P2=0XF0; delay(10);P2=0X0F; for(i=0;i<16;i+)if(c=tabi)return i; void main()ucharkey;while(1)key=scan();if(key!=-1) P0=diskey;delay(100); 3、 利用Proteus軟件的仿真功能對其進行仿真測試，觀察數碼管的顯示狀態和按鍵開關的對應關系。（實驗結束）如上圖：當K7被按下時，數碼管上顯示出數字7了。實驗四：電子時鐘設計一、設計目的通過此次設

10、計，熟悉并掌握實驗系統的原理和方法。掌握電子時鐘的原理和使用方法。二、設計要求1、設計一個電子時鐘，并且能夠實現分秒實現的和調節。2、設計出硬件電路、3、設計出軟件編程方法，并寫出程序。4、用匯編語言實現程序設計5、利用查表，中斷等方式實現目的三、電路程序設計1、電路設計2、 編碼程序#include <REG51.H>#include <intrins.h>/#include "LCD1602.h"/#include "DS1302.h"#define uint unsigned int#define uchar unsigne

11、d charsbit DS1302_CLK = P17; /實時時鐘時鐘線引腳 sbit DS1302_IO = P16; /實時時鐘數據線引腳 sbit DS1302_RST = P15; /實時時鐘復位線引腳sbit ACC0 = ACC0;sbit ACC7 = ACC7;char hide_sec,hide_min,hide_hour,hide_day,hide_week,hide_month,hide_year; /秒,分,時到日,月,年位閃的計數sbit Set = P20; /模式切換鍵sbit Up = P21; /加法按鈕sbit Down = P22; /減法按鈕sbit

12、out = P23; /立刻跳出調整模式按鈕char done,count,temp,flag,up_flag,down_flag;uchar TempBuffer5,week_value2;void show_time(); /液晶顯示程序/*1602液晶顯示部分子程序*/Port Definitions*sbit LcdRs= P25;sbit LcdRw= P26;sbit LcdEn = P27;sfr DBPort = 0x80;/P0=0x80,P1=0x90,P2=0xA0,P3=0xB0.數據端口/內部等待函數*unsigned char LCD_Wait(void)LcdRs

13、=0;LcdRw=1;_nop_();LcdEn=1;_nop_();LcdEn=0;return DBPort;/向LCD寫入命令或數據*#define LCD_COMMAND0 / Command#define LCD_DATA1 / Data#define LCD_CLEAR_SCREEN0x01 / 清屏#define LCD_HOMING 0x02 / 光標返回原點void LCD_Write(bit style, unsigned char input)LcdEn=0;LcdRs=style;LcdRw=0;_nop_();DBPort=input;_nop_();/注意順序Lcd

14、En=1;_nop_();/注意順序LcdEn=0;_nop_();LCD_Wait();/設置顯示模式*#define LCD_SHOW0x04 /顯示開#define LCD_HIDE0x00 /顯示關 #define LCD_CURSOR0x02 /顯示光標#define LCD_NO_CURSOR0x00 /無光標 #define LCD_FLASH0x01 /光標閃動#define LCD_NO_FLASH0x00 /光標不閃動void LCD_SetDisplay(unsigned char DisplayMode)LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND, 0x08|Displ

15、ayMode);/設置輸入模式*#define LCD_AC_UP0x02#define LCD_AC_DOWN0x00 / default#define LCD_MOVE0x01 / 畫面可平移#define LCD_NO_MOVE0x00 /defaultvoid LCD_SetInput(unsigned char InputMode)LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND, 0x04|InputMode);/初始化LCD*void LCD_Initial()LcdEn=0;LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND,0x38); /8位數據端口,2行顯示,5*7點陣LCD_Writ

16、e(LCD_COMMAND,0x38);LCD_SetDisplay(LCD_SHOW|LCD_NO_CURSOR); /開啟顯示, 無光標LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND,LCD_CLEAR_SCREEN); /清屏LCD_SetInput(LCD_AC_UP|LCD_NO_MOVE); /AC遞增, 畫面不動/液晶字符輸入的位置*void GotoXY(unsigned char x, unsigned char y)if(y=0)LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND,0x80|x);if(y=1)LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND,0x80|(x-0x40);/將

17、字符輸出到液晶顯示void Print(unsigned char *str)while(*str!='0')LCD_Write(LCD_DATA,*str);str+;/*DS1302時鐘部分子程序*/typedef struct _SYSTEMTIME_unsigned char Second;unsigned char Minute;unsigned char Hour;unsigned char Week;unsigned char Day;unsigned char Month;unsigned char Year;unsigned char DateString11

18、;unsigned char TimeString9;SYSTEMTIME;/定義的時間類型SYSTEMTIME CurrentTime;#define AM(X)X#define PM(X)(X+12) / 轉成24小時制#define DS1302_SECOND0x80 /時鐘芯片的寄存器位置,存放時間#define DS1302_MINUTE0x82#define DS1302_HOUR0x84 #define DS1302_WEEK0x8A#define DS1302_DAY0x86#define DS1302_MONTH0x88#define DS1302_YEAR0x8C void

19、 DS1302InputByte(unsigned char d) /實時時鐘寫入一字節(內部函數) unsigned char i;ACC = d; for(i=8; i>0; i-) DS1302_IO = ACC0; /相當于匯編中的 RRC DS1302_CLK = 1; DS1302_CLK = 0; ACC = ACC >> 1; unsigned char DS1302OutputByte(void) /實時時鐘讀取一字節(內部函數) unsigned char i; for(i=8; i>0; i-) ACC = ACC >>1; /相當于匯

20、編中的 RRC ACC7 = DS1302_IO; DS1302_CLK = 1;DS1302_CLK = 0; return(ACC); void Write1302(unsigned char ucAddr, unsigned char ucDa)/ucAddr: DS1302地址, ucData: 要寫的數據 DS1302_RST = 0; DS1302_CLK = 0; DS1302_RST = 1; DS1302InputByte(ucAddr); / 地址，命令 DS1302InputByte(ucDa); / 寫1Byte數據 DS1302_CLK = 1; DS1302_RST

21、 = 0; unsigned char Read1302(unsigned char ucAddr)/讀取DS1302某地址的數據 unsigned char ucData; DS1302_RST = 0; DS1302_CLK = 0; DS1302_RST = 1; DS1302InputByte(ucAddr|0x01); / 地址，命令 ucData = DS1302OutputByte(); / 讀1Byte數據 DS1302_CLK = 1; DS1302_RST = 0; return(ucData);void DS1302_GetTime(SYSTEMTIME *Time) /

22、獲取時鐘芯片的時鐘數據到自定義的結構型數組unsigned char ReadValue;ReadValue = Read1302(DS1302_SECOND);Time->Second = (ReadValue&0x70)>>4)*10 + (ReadValue&0x0F);ReadValue = Read1302(DS1302_MINUTE);Time->Minute = (ReadValue&0x70)>>4)*10 + (ReadValue&0x0F);ReadValue = Read1302(DS1302_HOUR)

23、;Time->Hour = (ReadValue&0x70)>>4)*10 + (ReadValue&0x0F);ReadValue = Read1302(DS1302_DAY);Time->Day = (ReadValue&0x70)>>4)*10 + (ReadValue&0x0F);ReadValue = Read1302(DS1302_WEEK);Time->Week = (ReadValue&0x70)>>4)*10 + (ReadValue&0x0F);ReadValue = Re

24、ad1302(DS1302_MONTH);Time->Month = (ReadValue&0x70)>>4)*10 + (ReadValue&0x0F);ReadValue = Read1302(DS1302_YEAR);Time->Year = (ReadValue&0x70)>>4)*10 + (ReadValue&0x0F);void DateToStr(SYSTEMTIME *Time) /將時間年,月,日,星期數據轉換成液晶顯示字符串,放到數組里DateString if(hide_year<2) /這里的i

25、f,else語句都是判斷位閃爍,<2顯示數據,>2就不顯示,輸出字符串為 2007/07/22 Time->DateString0 = '2' Time->DateString1 = '0' Time->DateString2 = Time->Year/10 + '0' Time->DateString3 = Time->Year%10 + '0' else Time->DateString0 = ' ' Time->DateString1 = '

26、 ' Time->DateString2 = ' ' Time->DateString3 = ' 'Time->DateString4 = '/'if(hide_month<2)Time->DateString5 = Time->Month/10 + '0' Time->DateString6 = Time->Month%10 + '0' else Time->DateString5 = ' ' Time->DateString6

27、= ' 'Time->DateString7 = '/'if(hide_day<2)Time->DateString8 = Time->Day/10 + '0' Time->DateString9 = Time->Day%10 + '0' elseTime->DateString8 = ' 'Time->DateString9 = ' ' if(hide_week<2) week_value0 = Time->Week%10 + '

28、0' /星期的數據另外放到 week_value數組里,跟年,月,日的分開存放,因為等一下要在最后顯示 else week_value0 = ' ' week_value1 = '0'Time->DateString10 = '0' /字符串末尾加 '0' ,判斷結束字符void TimeToStr(SYSTEMTIME *Time) /將時,分,秒數據轉換成液晶顯示字符放到數組 TimeString; if(hide_hour<2) Time->TimeString0 = Time->Hour/1

29、0 + '0' Time->TimeString1 = Time->Hour%10 + '0' else Time->TimeString0 = ' 'Time->TimeString1 = ' 'Time->TimeString2 = ':'if(hide_min<2) Time->TimeString3 = Time->Minute/10 + '0' Time->TimeString4 = Time->Minute%10 + '

30、0' else Time->TimeString3 = ' 'Time->TimeString4 = ' ' Time->TimeString5 = ':' if(hide_sec<2) Time->TimeString6 = Time->Second/10 + '0' Time->TimeString7 = Time->Second%10 + '0' elseTime->TimeString6 = ' 'Time->TimeStr

31、ing7 = ' ' Time->DateString8 = '0'void Initial_DS1302(void) /時鐘芯片初始化 unsigned char Second=Read1302(DS1302_SECOND);if(Second&0x80) /判斷時鐘芯片是否關閉 Write1302(0x8e,0x00); /寫入允許Write1302(0x8c,0x07); /以下寫入初始化時間 日期:07/07/25.星期: 3. 時間: 23:59:55Write1302(0x88,0x07);Write1302(0x86,0x25);Wr

32、ite1302(0x8a,0x07);Write1302(0x84,0x23);Write1302(0x82,0x59);Write1302(0x80,0x55);Write1302(0x8e,0x80); /禁止寫入void Delay1ms(unsigned int count)unsigned int i,j;for(i=0;i<count;i+)for(j=0;j<120;j+);/*延時子程序*/void mdelay(uint delay)uint i;for(;delay>0;delay-)for(i=0;i<62;i+) /1ms延時.;void out

33、key() /跳出調整模式,返回默認顯示 uchar Second;if(out=0) mdelay(8); count=0;hide_sec=0,hide_min=0,hide_hour=0,hide_day=0,hide_week=0,hide_month=0,hide_year=0;Second=Read1302(DS1302_SECOND); Write1302(0x8e,0x00); /寫入允許Write1302(0x80,Second&0x7f);Write1302(0x8E,0x80); /禁止寫入done=0; while(out=0); /void Upkey()/升

34、序按鍵 Up=1;if(Up=0) mdelay(8);switch(count)case 1: temp=Read1302(DS1302_SECOND); /讀取秒數 temp=temp+1; /秒數加1 up_flag=1; /數據調整后更新標志 if(temp&0x7f)>0x59) /超過59秒,清零 temp=0; break; case 2:temp=Read1302(DS1302_MINUTE); /讀取分數 temp=temp+1; /分數加1up_flag=1;if(temp>0x59) /超過59分,清零temp=0;break;case 3: temp

35、=Read1302(DS1302_HOUR); /讀取小時數temp=temp+1; /小時數加1up_flag=1;if(temp>0x23) /超過23小時,清零 temp=0; break; case 4: temp=Read1302(DS1302_WEEK); /讀取星期數 temp=temp+1; /星期數加1 up_flag=1; if(temp>0x7) temp=1; break; case 5: temp=Read1302(DS1302_DAY); /讀取日數 temp=temp+1; /日數加1 up_flag=1; if(temp>0x31) temp=

36、1; break; case 6: temp=Read1302(DS1302_MONTH); /讀取月數 temp=temp+1; /月數加1 up_flag=1; if(temp>0x12) temp=1; break; case 7: temp=Read1302(DS1302_YEAR); /讀取年數 temp=temp+1; /年數加1 up_flag=1; if(temp>0x85) temp=0; break; default:break;while(Up=0); /void Downkey()/降序按鍵 Down=1;if(Down=0) mdelay(8); swit

37、ch(count) case 1: temp=Read1302(DS1302_SECOND); /讀取秒數 temp=temp-1; /秒數減1 down_flag=1; /數據調整后更新標志 if(temp=0x7f) /小于0秒,返回59秒 temp=0x59; break; case 2: temp=Read1302(DS1302_MINUTE); /讀取分數 temp=temp-1; /分數減1 down_flag=1; if(temp=-1) temp=0x59; /小于0秒,返回59秒 break; case 3: temp=Read1302(DS1302_HOUR); /讀取小時

38、數 temp=temp-1; /小時數減1 down_flag=1; if(temp=-1) temp=0x23; break; case 4: temp=Read1302(DS1302_WEEK); /讀取星期數 temp=temp-1; /星期數減1 down_flag=1; if(temp=0) temp=0x7; break; case 5: temp=Read1302(DS1302_DAY); /讀取日數 temp=temp-1; /日數減1 down_flag=1; if(temp=0) temp=31; break; case 6: temp=Read1302(DS1302_MO

39、NTH); /讀取月數 temp=temp-1; /月數減1 down_flag=1; if(temp=0) temp=12; break; case 7: temp=Read1302(DS1302_YEAR); /讀取年數 temp=temp-1; /年數減1 down_flag=1; if(temp=-1) temp=0x85; break; default:break;while(Down=0); void Setkey()/模式選擇按鍵Set=1;if(Set=0) mdelay(8); count=count+1; /Setkey按一次,count就加1 done=1; /進入調整模

40、式 while(Set=0); void keydone()/按鍵功能執行 uchar Second; if(flag=0) /關閉時鐘,停止計時 Write1302(0x8e,0x00); /寫入允許 temp=Read1302(0x80); Write1302(0x80,temp|0x80); Write1302(0x8e,0x80); /禁止寫入 flag=1; Setkey(); /掃描模式切換按鍵 switch(count) case 1:do /count=1,調整秒 outkey(); /掃描跳出按鈕 Upkey(); /掃描加按鈕 Downkey(); /掃描減按鈕 if(up

41、_flag=1|down_flag=1) /數據更新，重新寫入新的數據 Write1302(0x8e,0x00); /寫入允許 Write1302(0x80,temp|0x80); /寫入新的秒數 Write1302(0x8e,0x80); /禁止寫入 up_flag=0; down_flag=0; hide_sec+; /位閃計數 if(hide_sec>3) hide_sec=0; show_time(); /液晶顯示數據 while(count=2);break; case 2:do /count=2,調整分 hide_sec=0; outkey(); Upkey(); Downk

42、ey(); if(temp>0x60) temp=0; if(up_flag=1|down_flag=1) Write1302(0x8e,0x00); /寫入允許 Write1302(0x82,temp); /寫入新的分數 Write1302(0x8e,0x80); /禁止寫入 up_flag=0; down_flag=0; hide_min+; if(hide_min>3) hide_min=0; show_time(); while(count=3);break; case 3:do /count=3,調整小時 hide_min=0; outkey(); Upkey(); Do

43、wnkey(); if(up_flag=1|down_flag=1) Write1302(0x8e,0x00); /寫入允許 Write1302(0x84,temp); /寫入新的小時數 Write1302(0x8e,0x80); /禁止寫入 up_flag=0; down_flag=0; hide_hour+; if(hide_hour>3) hide_hour=0; show_time(); while(count=4);break; case 4:do /count=4,調整星期 hide_hour=0; outkey(); Upkey(); Downkey(); if(up_flag=1|down_flag=1) Write1302(0x8e,0x00); /寫入允許 Write1302(0x8a,temp); /寫入新的星期數 Write1302(0x8e,0x80); /禁止寫入 up_flag=0; down_flag=0; hide_week+; if(hide_week>3) hide_week=0; show_time(); while(count=5);break; case 5:do /count=5,調整日 hide_week=0; outkey(); Upkey(); Downkey(); if(up_flag=