1、80 分強化限時訓練 （ 十 ） （ 限時 60 分鐘 ） 第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節,滿分 35 分） 第一節 （共 10 個小題;每小題 2.5 分,滿分 25 分） 閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的 A、B C 和 D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項。 A 【科普知識類】 Here s another reason to get off the couch and start working up a sweat.Time the exercise right and you could improve your ability to remember something new.That s th

2、e finding of a new study. But it all comes down to timing.To lock up the new information，start burning those calories roughly four hours after you took in the new information.That s according to researchers at an institute on brain，cognition（ 認知 ）and behavior. It s at Radboud University s Medical Ce

3、nter，in Nijmegen，the Netherlands.Eelco van Dongen and his colleagues shared their new findings in the June 16 Current Biology. This precisely timed memory trick comes from tests with 72 people.Each learned the location of 90 objects on a computer screen.Afterwards，some of the members watched relaxin

4、g nature videos.Others worked up a sweat on body-building bikes，changing between hard and easy riding for 35 minutes.Their workouts came either soon after the cram session （ 考前突擊復習 ） or four hours later. Two days later they were tested again.Those who remembered the objects sites best were the peopl

5、e who had waited four hours after their learning before riding. Among those who remembered sites correctly，the four-hour delay before biking also led to more consistent activity in an area important for memory.It s known as the hippocampus （ 海馬區 ） .The consistent activity here suggests that the memo

6、ries had been strong，the scientists say. Van Dongens team does not yet know how exercise works its memory magic.They do，however，have a guess. Aerobic exercise leads to the creation of several important chemicals in the brain.One is a protein known as BDNF. The other is dopamine (DO-puh-meen). It can

7、 help convey messages between nerve cells.These two chemicals may help strengthen memories by linking brain cells,the researchers suspect. 1. The best way to lock up the new in formatio n is . A. to get off the couch soon after their learning B. to do sports for four hours and work up a sweat C. to

8、see some n ature videos on a computer scree n D. to do sports four hours after tak ing in new in formati on 2. Which is NOT right about the experime nt? A. There are 90 objects on the scree n. B. They were tested aga in two days later. C. 72 people took part in the experime nt. D. They all had to do

9、 ridi ng for 35 minu tes. 3. How does exercise work its memory magic? A. By the hippocampus. B.No one knows for sure. C.A protein known as BDNF. D.A protein known as dopam ine. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文，主要論述了鍛煉與記憶力的關系 ，研究發現，一定的鍛煉有助 于記憶力的增強。 答案及剖析： 1. D 細節理解題。根據第二段 “ To lock up the new in formatio n. .roughly fo

10、ur hours. ”可知，在接收新知識后的四小時左右去鍛煉 ，能有效鎖定已學的知識，故選 D 項。 2. D 推理判斷題。根據第三段中提到的 some of the members watched.Others worked up a sweat on. ”可知，參加的 72 個實驗者，被要求記住電腦屏幕上的 90 個物體的方位， 然后,一部分看視頻，還有一部分去鍛煉騎自行車 ，所以不是所有人都騎車 35 分鐘,所以 D 項 錯誤,故選 D 項。 3. B 推理判斷題。根據第五段中 Van Dongen s team does not yet know how exercise works

11、its memory magic ”可以看出 Van Dongen 團隊也并沒有確切證據能證明鍛煉是如何 增進人的記憶力的，所以選 B 項。 【長難句子分析】 Those who remembered the objects sites best were the people who had waited four hours after their lear ning before ridi ng. 此句中 who remembered the objects sites best 禾口 who had waited four hours after their learning befo

12、re riding 都是定語從句，修飾前面的名詞。 那些記得方位最牢的人是那些學習之后過了 4 小時再鍛煉的人。 B （2018 浙江省著名重點中學領航高考沖刺試卷 ） This week,a mammoth猛犸象）possibly killed by humans 10,000 to 15,000 years ago was found in soy fields about 50 miles west of Detroit .It was found by farmer James Bristle and his neighbor Trent Satterthwaite,who were

13、reportedly digging in the field.At first,they couldn t figure out what they were seeing. It was probably a rib bone that came up, ” Bristle told The Ann Arbor News. “Wethought it was a bent fence post.Upon closer inspection,however,it became clear even to untrained eyes this was no fence post.We kne

14、w it was someth ing special. ” Then they sped up the dig. After finding the bones on Mon day ni ght,Bristle called the Uni versity of Michigan on Tuesday morning to report his find.Scientist Daniel Fisher arrived to in spect it on Wedn esday,a nd by Thursday morning he had con firmed it s a woolly m

15、ammoth.He con cluded the ani mal was about 40 years old whe n it died .It was hun ted by huma ns,he said,who killed it and stored the rema ins in a pond as a way of preserv ing the meat for future use. It s still too early to tell exactly how it died, ” Fisher told Detroit s WWJ-TV,but the skeleto n

16、（骨架）showed sig ns of huma ns butcheri ng. ” The bones are being temporarily stored n earby,accord ing to the Detroit Free Press,and it remains unclear where they ll eventually end up.Their research value will be determined once they ve been cleaned and dried. Woolly mammoths once lived in Eurasia an

17、d North America,a nd most disappeared 10,000 years ago a demise（ 終止）that has been linked not only to humans,but also to changing climate.It s now believed that warming weather weakened their populati ons before huma ns dealt the final blows. _ 4. What can we know about the mammoth accord ing to the

18、passage? A. It might die in its 40s. B. It was n ative to Eurasia. C. lt preferred wan deri ng in the fields. D. lt mainly died from climate cha nge. 5. Da niel Fisher may hold the opinion that . A. the bones are well worth research ing B. the mammoth was killed by a butcher C. identifying the bones

19、 was a waste of time D. the n ewfo und site has evide nee of huma n activity 6. What does the underlined part “ dealt the final blows ” in the last paragraph mean? A. took their life B. dried their bones C. destroyed their home D. preserved their meat 語篇解讀：本文主要介紹了 James Bristle 和他的鄰居發現了一具猛犸象骨架，以及由此引

20、發 的研究和報道。 答案及剖析： 4. A 細節理解題。根據第三段中的 He concluded the animal was about 40 years old when it died. 可知，這個猛犸象死時可能是四十多歲。故選 A。 5. D 推理判斷題。根據第三段中的 It was hu nted by huma ns. “ but the skeleto n（ 骨 架）showed sig ns of huma ns butcheri ng. ”可知,Fisher 認為這只猛犸象是被人類獵殺 的,并被作為食物貯存下來，其骨架上有被人類宰殺的痕跡。 由此可推知,Fisher 可能會認

21、為 此地有人類活動的痕跡。故選 D 6. A 詞義猜測題。根據第三段中的 It was hunted by humans 和最后一段中的 a demise（終 止）that has been linked not only to humans,but also to changing climate. 可推知, 在人類獵殺猛犸象之前，氣候變暖已經消減了它們的數量，畫線部分應表示“獵殺，捕殺”之 意，故選A deal a blow 為習慣用法，意為“造成傷害（損失、打擊）”。 C 【社會文化類】 Being con sidered a leader in our society is in de

22、ed of high praise.Leadership means power,commands,respect and,most important,encourages Vitamin C,leadership skills can t be easily swallowed down.They must be carefully cultivated. Different from popular belief,most good leaders are made ,not born. They lear n their skills in their everyday lives.B

23、ut which do they develop? How do they （and how can you） get others to follow? Always give credit. Many leaders note that the most efficient way to get a good performa nee from others is to treat them like heroes.Givi ng public credit to some one who has earned it is the best leadership tech nique in

24、 the world .It is also an act of generosity（ 慷慨）that s never forgotten. Givi ng credit is more effective tha n eve n the most con structive criticism（ 批 評）,which often hurts rather than helps. Kenneth Blanchard,the author of The One-Minute Manager,agrees. “ Catch people doing something right! ” he s

25、ays.Then tell every one about it. Take in formed risks. “ The best leaders know that tak ing a risk is not a thoughtless exercise, ” says man ageme nt adviser Marily n Machlowitz. “ Sky divers don t go up in an airpla ne without check ing the parachutes beforeha nd. ” Because the idea of risk also c

26、arries with it the possibility of failure,ma ny of us usually wait for others to take charge.But if you want to be a leader,you must learn to fail and not die a thousa nd deaths.Pick yourself up and start all over aga in. En courage en thusiasm. “ When people un dersta nd the importa nee of work,the

27、y lend their mental strengths, ” says Lee Ducat.But when they get excited about the work,all their energy gets poured into the job.That s a great force! Is this the best way to create exciteme nt? Be en thusiastic yourself You will be followed by every one. 7. The underlined word “ cultivated ” in P

28、aragraph 1 roughly means _ . A. compared B.developed C.exam ined D.en couraged achieveme nt.U nlike 8. The part “Always give credit ” tells us that a leader should _ . A.praise every one B.give helpful criticism C.regard others as real heroes D.praise people for their good performa nces 9. To be a g

29、ood leader,you shouldA.not be afraid of any risks B.think twice before taking risks C.try to avoid any possible failures D.know what a thoughtless exercise is 10. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A.How to Be a Leader B. Not Many Can Be Leaders C. Leadership Is Very Impor

30、tant D. Leadership Is of Skills and Techniques 語篇解讀 : 本文是一篇說明文 , 主要介紹了如何培養領導才能 , 即如何才能成為一名好的領 答案及剖析 : 7. B 猜測詞義題。 根據第一段中的 Unlike Vitamin C,leadership skills can t be easily swallowed down. 可知 , 領導才能不是一蹴而就 , 是逐步改善、發展起來的。所以 cultivate 詞義與“ develop ”相近 , 故 B 項正確。 8. D 細節理解題。根據第三段中的 Giving public credit

31、to someone who has earned it is the best leadership technique in the world. 可知 , 一個領導者應該對人們的良好表 現給予表揚。故 D 項正確。 9. B 細節理解題。根據第五段中的 The best leaders know that taking a risk is not a thoughtless exercise 可知,作為領導者必須三思而后行。故 B 項正確。A、D 項文中并未提 至 U,C 項與文中第六段中的 Because the idea of risk also carries with it th

32、e possibility of failure., 所表達的內容不符。 10. A 文章標題題。 本文主要介紹了如何才能成為一個好的領導者 ,A 項能概括全文 ,適合做 標題。故 A 項正確。 【疑難詞匯解讀】 1. constructive adj. 建設性的 , 有助益的 The government is encouraging all parties to play a constructive role in the reform process. 政府鼓勵所有的政黨在改革過程中發揮建設性的作用。 2. beforehand adv. 預先 ; 事先 A.not be afraid

33、 of any risks B.think twice before taking risks I wish we d known about it beforehand. 要是我們預先知道這事就好了。counter-in tuitive （ 反直覺的）to let water into the car.14. 【長難句子分析】 Givi ng credit is more effective tha n even the most con structive criticism（ 批 評）,which ofte n hurts rather tha n helps. 動詞-ing 形式短語

34、Givi ng credit 作主語；非限制性定語從句 which ofte n hurts rather than helps 修飾先行詞 criticism;rather than 意為而不是”。 即使是最具建設性的批評也沒有給予表揚更有效 ，這些批評往往會傷人而不是幫助人。 第二節（共 5 小題;每小題 2 分,滿分 10 分） 根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余 選項。 Any car accident is frightening,but an accident in which your vehicle is thrown into the

35、 water,with you trapped inside,is absolutely terrifying.11. _ However, most deaths result from panic,without a plan or understanding what is happening to the car in the water.By adopt ing a brace（ 支架）positi on,acting decisively and getti ng out fast,you can save yourself from a sinking vehicle. Brac

36、e yourself for impact （撞擊力） .As soon as you re aware that you re going off the road and into a body of water,adopt a brace positi on. The impact could set off the airbag system in your vehicle,so you should place both hands on the steering wheel in the “ten and two ” position. Undo your seatbelt.12.

37、 _ Un buckle the childre n, start ing with the oldest first.Forget the cell phone call.Your car isn t going to wait for you to make the call. 13. _ Leave the door alone at this stage and concen trate on the win dow.A car s electrical system should work for up to three minutes in the water,so try the

38、 method of opening it electronically first.Many people don t think about the win dow as an escape optio n either because of panic or misin formati on about doors and sinking. Break the win dow .If you aren t able to ope n the win dow,or it only ope ns halfway,you ll need to break it with an object o

39、r your foot.It may feel Escape whe n the car has equalized .If it has reached the dramatic stage where the car cab in has bee n filled with water and it has become bala nced,you must move quickly and effectively to en sure your survival.15. while there is still air in the car,take slow,deep breaths

40、and focus on what you re doing. A. Ope n the window as soon as you hit the water. B. Surviv ing a sinking car is not as difficult as you think. C. It takes 60 to 120 sec onds for a car to fill up with water usually. D. Such accidents are particularly dangerous to the risk of drowning. E. ln conclusi

41、on,if you know what to do in the water,you will be safe. F. This is the first thing to attend to,yet it often gets forgotten in the panic. G. But the sooner the window is ope n,the sooner you can escape directly through it. 語篇解讀：當汽車掉入水中，我們該如何從中逃脫呢？作者從給自己找到支撐點、果斷行動、 快速逃離三個方面進行了闡述 ，告訴讀者如何逃脫。 答案及剖析： 11

42、. D 根據下文 However,most deaths result from panic 可知 D 選項 Such accidents are.da ngerous.drow ning. 正好與下文形成轉折關系。 12. F 從該段的主旨句 Undo your seatbelt. 可知接下來文章要解釋解開安全帶這一要點 ， 而且這是在落水后要做的第一件事情。故選 F。 13. A 從下文 Leave the door alone at this stage and concentrate on the window. 可 知要盡快打開窗戶，干擾項 G 中雖然也提到打開窗戶，但是句首有 Bu

43、t,含有轉折的意思。從 前面的第二、三段來看，段首的主旨句都是用的祈使句。故選 A。 14. G 從上文中 It may feel counter-intuitive （ 反直覺的）to let water into the car. 可知 G 項:你越快打開窗戶，就能越快地逃出來，是對上文的解釋。 15. C 根據下文 while there is still air in the car. 可知 C 項：通常水充滿汽車需 60 120 秒,與下文緊密銜接。 第三部分 語言運用（共兩節，滿分 45 分） 第一節 完形填空（共 20 個小題；每小題 1.5 分，滿分 30 分） 閱讀下面短文，

44、從短文后各題所給的 A、B、C 和 D 四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最 佳選項。 Tom with his axe was stepp ing through the wood. A sapli ng（ his way, “Do clear away those trees,kind friend,l wish you 17 ! ” “ They will not let me have free play ,on me the sun light cannot 18 . To spread my roots,I find no 19 at all. No whisper of the w

45、ind plays 20 me ,and they twine above my head crazily. ” I tell you, 21 them,if I could only start,in a year you d find methe _22 of all this part.My frien dly shade should cover the wood to right and left,but 23_ it is,you see! I m brushwood little over. ” Hearing these, 24 a friend this favour,Tom

46、 swung his axe repeatedly,and round the little tree he cleared a tidy space. However,the poor Sapling s 25 didn t last long. The heat came first,his leaves were to dry,a nd the n he was beate n by dreadful rain and storm,which 26 him quite dismasted（ 無精打采的 ）! “ Oh, 27 one, ” said a squirrel there, i

47、t was you that 28 your fall. ” If you had stayed Ion ger in the wood s kind shelter, 29 cold or win d,you would have the elder trees for guardians of your fortune;and if there came a time 30_ all had disappeared,because their day was past and gone, 31 you might have reached such height as years went

48、 on. Then since you 32 so much health and strength,all this harm would never have been done,and you might have safely pulled through fiercer storms tha n this . ” When we are young we are also anno yed by our pare nts 33 ,because we feel 樹苗）16 him on con trolled and repressed. We 34 freedom and in d

49、epe ndence and go all out to set ourselves aga inst our pare nts. However,we n eed to realize that we n eed them in our 35 growth. 16.A.stopped B.disturbed C.explai ned D.i nterrupted 17.A.will B.would C.can D.might 18.A.shi ne B.reach C.dry D.fall 19. A.soil B.chanee C.light D.room 20.A. arou nd B.

50、o n C.over D.above 21.A.in spite of B.but for C.i n additi on to D.not only 24. A.to do B.having made C.doing D.made 語篇解讀 :這是一則寓言。 一棵小樹苗嫌他周圍繁密的樹枝阻礙了他的成長 , 要求經過的 Tom 用斧子幫他砍出一塊空地來。 結果由于失去了大樹的庇護 ,日曬風吹雨淋 , 小樹苗很快就枯萎 了。這則寓言告訴我們 , 青少年要健康地成長 , 也同樹苗一樣 , 不要急于過早地掙脫父母的 保護。 答案及剖析 : 16. A Tom 正穿越樹林,小樹苗叫住了他,所以這里應該

51、是“讓他停住腳步”的意思。 17. B 本句謂語動詞是 wish, 它后面的賓語從句謂語動詞不能用一般現在時態 , 而 might 意 思不符。 18. D 該句要注意前置狀語中的介詞 on, 構成 fall on me 。 19. D 根據句意 , 小樹苗要伸展樹根 , 但是發現周圍都是其他的樹 , 根本沒有他發展的余 地,room 不可數名詞,相當于下文中的 space。 20. A 風兒應該是在樹苗“周圍”輕語 ,而不僅僅是在“上面”。 21. B 根據句意 , “要是沒有他們 , 如果我現在就能開始茁壯成長 , 一年后你就能看到我成為 這一片的驕傲。” but for 表示“要不是因為

52、,如果沒有”之意。 22. B 這句話表達小樹苗認為如果沒有周圍的一切壓制他 , 任由他生長 , 一年后他會成長為 一棵參天大樹 , 成為這一片的佼佼者 , 但是沒有“統治者”或者“主人”之意。 23. C as it is 意為“正如你現在所看到的”。 24. A Tom 為了幫助朋友。不定式表目的。 25. B Tom 幫小樹苗砍掉了周圍的樹枝 ，小樹苗的目的達到了 ，所以是他的“成功”。 22.A.tree B.pride C.master D.ruler 23. A.if B.what C.as D.how 25.A.determination B.success C.patience

53、 D.courage 26. A.left B.gave C.helped 27. A.foolish B.pitiful 28. A.benefited from B.brought in D. led C.proud D.evil C.resulted from D.brought about 29.A.though B.either C.despite D.neither 30.A.after B.which C.when D.that 31.A.as a reward B.by turns C.as a consequence D.in turn 32.A.have gathered

54、B.will be gathering C.gather D.are gathering 33. A.scolding 34. A.turn down 35. A.strong B.accompany B.long for B.healthy C.chat C.give away C.quick D.protection D.send out D.future 26. A leave sb. +adj. 表示留給某人的結果。 27. A 松鼠認為小樹苗這種急于擺脫大樹庇護的做法是愚蠢的。 28. D 松鼠認為是小樹苗自己帶來了自己的厄運 ，從下段語言中可知。bring about 帶來，導 致

55、;bring in 引進,賺得。A 和 C 意義不符。 29. C 此處意為：如果你在叢林中待久一些，無論是嚴寒或者狂風，你都會有大樹作為屏障。 despite 相當于 in spite of, “無論 . 都 . ”的意思。 30. C when引導定語從句修飾 a time 。 31. D 這里表示多年以后，當大樹們的時代已經過去，輪到小樹苗長成碩壯的大樹了。 32. A “因為你已經積聚了足夠的力量 ，這樣的風雨對你已不能構成威脅 ，更嚴酷的風暴你也 能安然度過。” 33. D 此處表達我們年輕的時候也會對父母的保護感到厭煩 ，因為我們感覺被控制、被約 束了。 34. B 于是我們“渴望”自由和獨立。 35. B 然而,我們需要意識到在我們健康成長的過程中 ，需要父母的保護。 第二節(共 10 小題；每小題 1.5 分，滿分 15 分) 閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當的內容 (1 個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。 One sentence from the n ews in Wash ington has rema ined in my mind since a trip last summer: “ When you see peo