《車輛運用與管理》VehicleOperationandManagement任課教師：余建勇Lecturer:YuJianyong《車輛運用與管理》中歐班列（鄭州）境內多式聯運示意圖烏局（哈薩克斯坦）：UB(Kazakhstan):阿拉山口口岸-德魯巴運用車間AlashankouCrossing-DrupaUtilizationWorkshop哈局（后貝加爾）：HB(Zabaikalye):滿洲里口岸-滿洲里運用車間ManzhouliPort-ManzhouliUtilizationWorkshop…由于各國的車輛限界、設備、行車速度、車輛零部件的檢修限度要求不同，為保證國際聯運工作的順利進行，編入聯運的車輛，一定要符合途經線路的技術要求，如果車輛技術狀態不符合標準，勢必在國境站上造成換裝或換乘。Duetothedifferentrequirementsofcarlimits,equipment,drivingspeed,andmaintenancelimitsofcarpartsinvariouscountries,inordertoensurethesmoothprogressofinternationalcombinedtransportwork,thecarsincorporatedintothecombinedtransportmustmeetthetechnicalrequirementsoftheroute,ifthetechnicalstatusofthecardoesnotmeetthestandard,itisboundtocauseachangeortransferattheborderstation.國際聯運車輛Internationalthroughtransportcars《車輛運用與管理》目錄Contents1.國際聯運客車Internationalthroughtransportpassengercars2.國際聯運貨車Internationalthroughtransporttrucks《車輛運用與管理》國際聯運車輛檢修注意事項：國境站上必須有車輛交接機構和代表人員，由其確認交接車輛的技術狀態，檢修車輛并辦理車輛交接手續；Theremustbeavehiclehandoverauthorityandrepresentativepersonnelatthenationalborderstationwhowillconfirmthetechnicalconditionofthevehiclebeinghandedover,overhaulthevehicleandcarryoutthevehiclehandoverprocedures;不符合國際聯運標準的外國車輛可不接收，本國車輛不論其技術狀態如何，必須接受；Foreigncarsthatdonotmeettheinternationalthroughtransportstandardsmaynotbeaccepted,anddomesticcarsmustbeacceptedregardlessoftheirtechnicalstatus;參加國際聯運的外國運用車輛，其日常的技術保養，由該車行經的各列檢所負責；定期修理，由所屬國進行。在任何情況下，對故障車輛進行維修時，不得改變原車構造。Thedailytechnicalmaintenanceofforeign-usedcarsparticipatingininternationalthroughtransportshallbetheresponsibilityoftheinspectionstationsthroughwhichthecarspass;Regularrepairs,tobecarriedoutbythecountry.Inanycase,themaintenanceofthefaultycarshallnotaltertheoriginalcarconstruction.《車輛運用與管理》第三章車輛運用管理工作一、國際聯運客車技術要求Technicalrequirementsfor

internationalthroughtransportpassengercars車輛的橫斷面外形符合所經線路上各鐵路的車輛限界。Thecross-sectionalshapeofthecarshallconformtothecarslimitsofallrailwaysontheroad.連接裝置各部件非使用狀態下，距軌面距離不得小于140mm。Allpartsoftheconnectingdeviceshallnothangdowntotherailsurfacelessthanwhennotinuse.電氣設備零部件距軌面距離不得小于2000mm，車輛應適合于自由通過150m半徑的曲線。Four,Thewheelbaseofthecarbogieshallnotbelessthan2000m.Thecarshouldbesuitableforfreepassagethrougha150radiuscurve.轉向架軸距不得小于2m，能自由通過曲線半徑150m的線路Theaxledistanceofthebogieshallnotbelessthan2m,anditcanfreelypassthroughthelinewithacurveradiusof150m.能在標準軌上運行的車輛，應涂打MC標記VehiclescapableofoperatingonstandardizedrailsshallbepaintedwithMCmarkings.……《車輛運用與管理》第三章車輛運用管理工作國際聯運客車的運用維修保養工作，除按《鐵路客車運用維修規程》有關規定辦理外，還應執行以下規定：Theoperation,repairandmaintenanceofinternationalintermodalcoaches,inadditiontotherelevantprovisionsofthe"RegulationsontheOperationandMaintenanceofRailwayCoaches",shouldalsoimplementthefollowingprovisions:1.凡編入國際鐵路聯運的客車，必須符合《國際鐵路聯運車輛使用規則》的規定。AllcoachesprogrammedforintermodaltransportbyinternationalrailroadsmustcomplywiththeprovisionsoftheRulesfortheUseofCarsinIntermodalTransportbyInternationalRailways.2.外國所屬聯運客車入境時，指定由入境局負責技術交接與檢查。途經局及折返局應認真檢查維修，發現故障及時處理并編制記錄，保證行車安全。Whenforeign-ownedintermodalcoachesenterthecountry,theentrybureauisdesignatedtoberesponsiblefortechnicalhandoverandinspection.Thetransitbureauandthereturnbureaushouldcarefullyinspectandmaintainthebuses,promptlydealwithanymalfunctionsfoundandpreparerecordstoensurethesafetyofthebuses.3.聯運過軌到國外的國內客車，應有專人進行維修保養，其寬軌轉向架（包括發電機及傳動裝置）的維修保養及準軌轉向架換下后停用期間的管理，由換裝站所在地鐵路局負責。車體和準軌轉向架的維修保養由配屬局負責。Domesticcoachesthatareintermodalizedovertherailtoforeigncountriesshouldhavespecialpersonneltocarryoutmaintenance,andthemaintenanceoftheirwide-railbogies(includinggeneratorsandtransmissions)andthemanagementduringtheperiodofdecommissioningafterthereplacementofquasi-railbogiesaretheresponsibilityoftherailroadbureausatthelocationofthechangeoverstations.Therepairandmaintenanceofthecarbodyandquasi-trackbogiesaretheresponsibilityofthebureautowhichtheyareassigned.4.客列檢對通過國際列車按規定做技術檢查和維修。ThePassengerTrainInspectioncarriesouttherequiredtechnicalinspectionsandrepairsoninternationaltrainspassingthroughthecountry.《車輛運用與管理》第三章車輛運用管理工作二、國際聯運貨車Internationalthroughtransporttrucks1.參加國際聯運的中方鐵路貨車須滿足規定的技術要求。Chineserailroadwagonsparticipatingininternationalintermodaltransportationshallmeetthespecifiedtechnicalrequirements.2.必須涂打“

”聯運標記Mustbemarked"MC"forintermodaltransportation.3.禁止涂打“

”聯運標記的車輛Vehiclesbearingthe"MC"intermodalmarkingareprohibited.自備車、試驗車、專用車、租出車等Ownedvehicles,testvehicles,specializedvehicles,rentedvehicles,etc.無自動制動機的鐵路貨車Railroadwagonswithoutautomaticbrakes.車輪輪輞寬度不足127mm的鐵路貨車Railroadwagonswithwheelrimslessthan127mmwide.禁止參加國際聯運的鐵路貨車。Railroadwagonsparticipatingininternationalintermodaltransportareprohibited.MCMC外方不同車種車型的鐵路貨車（以下簡稱外方鐵路貨車）首次進入中方鐵路參加國際聯運前，須符合《國際聯運貨車使用規則》中有關鐵路貨車的技術要求和中方《技規》等標準要求后，經國鐵集團批準方可進入中方鐵路運行。Beforeforeignrailroadwagonsofdifferentcartypes(hereinafterreferredtoasforeignrailroadwagons)entertheChineserailroadsforthefirsttimetoparticipateininternationalintermodaltransportation,theyshallmeetthetechnicalrequirementsofrailroadwagonsintheRulesfortheUseofWagonsinInternationalIntermodalTransportationandtherequirementsofChina'sTechnicalRegulationsandotherstandards,andthentheyshallbeapprovedbySINOTRAFFICGroupbeforeenteringtheoperationoftheChineserailroads.（一）國際聯運貨車相關規定

Regulationsontrucksforinternationalintermodaltransportation《車輛運用與管理》第三章車輛運用管理工作中方國境站技術交接作業場一般設在與外方鐵路軌距相同的中方國境站車場。ThetechnicalhandoveryardoftheChineseborderstationisgenerallylocatedintheyardoftheChineseborderstationwiththesamegaugeasthatoftheforeignrailroad.國境站技術交接作業場主要負責外方鐵路貨車在中方鐵路的國境站進行貨物換裝前或進入中方路運行前的國境技術交接工作；并派檢車員駐外方國境站，負責對過渡進行貨物換裝的中方鐵路貨車辦理技術交接工作。ThetechnicalhandoverworkplaceatthenationalborderstationismainlyresponsibleforthetechnicalhandoverofforeignrailroadwagonsatthenationalborderstationoftheChineserailroadsbeforetheyareloadedwithgoodsorbeforetheyentertheChineseroadforoperation;andtheinspectorsaresenttotheforeignnationalborderstationtobeinchargeofthetechnicalhandoverofChineserailroadwagonswhichareintransitionfortheloadingandunloadingofgoods.（二）國際聯運貨車技術交接Technicalhandoveroftrucksforinternationalintermodaltransportation1.我國國境站技術交接Technicalhandoverofournationalborderstations（1）接入外方鐵路貨車

Accesstoforeignrailroadwagons值班員接到車站接入外方列車的通知后，應在《國境站技術交接檢查記錄簿》中記錄列車基本信息，通知作業組按技術交接作業程序，對入境的外方鐵路貨車進行技術交接檢查。Uponreceivingthenotificationofthestationtoaccesstheforeigntrain,thedutyofficershallrecordthebasicinformationofthetrainintheRecordBookofTechnicalHandoverInspectionatStateBorderStations,andnotifytheoperationgrouptocarryoutthetechnicalhandoverinspectionoftheinboundforeignrailroadwagonsinaccordancewiththeproceduresofthetechnicalhandoveroperation.《車輛運用與管理》第三章車輛運用管理工作檢車員對辦理交接的外方鐵路貨車，要在《檢車員工作記錄手冊》中逐輛記錄車種、車型、車號和發現鐵路貨車的故障，并及時將發現的外方鐵路貨車故障通知值班員，由值班員匯總后通知外方檢車員對鐵路貨車故障進行現車確認。將確認屬實的鐵路貨車故障填記《不良鐵路貨車登記簿》，作為外方鐵路貨車人境存在故障的原始依據，由中外雙方檢車員代表簽章。交接發現外方鐵路貨車不符合《國際聯運貨車使用規則》中“國際聯運鐵路貨車的技術要求”、定檢過期或存在安全隱患故障時，禁止換裝中方轉向架或進入中方鐵路運行。Thecarinspectorshallrecordthetype,modelandnumberoftheforeignrailwaytruckintheWorkRecordManualoftheCarInspector,andfindthefaultoftherailwaytruckonebyone,andnotifythedutyofficerofthefaultoftheforeignrailwaytruckintime,andthedutyofficershallnotifytheforeigncarinspectortoconfirmthefaultoftherailwaytruckaftercollectingtheinformation.TheconfirmedfaultsoftherailwayfreightcarshallberecordedintheDefectiveRailwayFreightCarRegisterastheoriginalbasisfortheexistenceoffaultsinthehumanenvironmentoftheforeignrailwayfreightcar,andtherepresentativesofthedomesticandforeigncarinspectorsshallsign.Whenitisfoundthattheforeignrailwayfreightcardoesnotmeetthe"TechnicalrequirementsforInternationalRailwayfreightcars"inthe"RulesfortheUseofInternationalthroughFreightCars",theinspectionhasexpiredorthereisapotentialsafetyfault,itisprohibitedtochangetheChinesebogiesorentertheChineserailwayoperation.（2）交出外方鐵路貨車Surrenderofforeignrailroadwagons接到車站交出外方列車的通知后，應在《國境站技術交接檢查記錄簿》中記錄列車基本信息，通知作業組對出境的外方鐵路貨車按規定進行技術檢查，按規定確保外方出境鐵路貨車在中方鐵路的運行安全。對于外方檢車員發現鐵路貨車存在的故障，中方檢車員應在現場進行故障確認，并與接入的《不良鐵路貨車登記簿》記錄核對，對接入時即存在鐵路貨車故障，須與外方檢車員進行交涉，不形成外方鐵路貨車存在技術狀態不良的“記錄”。Uponreceivingthenotificationofhandingovertheforeigntrainfromthestation,thebasicinformationofthetrainshallberecordedinthe"TechnicalHandoverInspectionRecordBookoftheStateBorderStation",andtheoperationgroupshallbenotifiedtocarryoutthetechnicalinspectionoftheoutgoingforeignrailroadwagonsinaccordancewiththeregulations,andtoensuretheoperationsafetyoftheoutgoingrailroadwagonsoftheforeignpartyintheChineserailroadinaccordancewiththeregulations.Regardingthefaultsofrailroadwagonsfoundbytheforeigninspectors,theChineseinspectorsshallconfirmthefaultsonthespotandcheckthemwiththerecordsinthe"BadRailroadWagonRegister";forthefaultsofrailroadwagonsexistingatthetimeofaccessing,theyshallnegotiatewiththeforeigninspectorssoasnottoforma"record"oftheexistenceoftheforeignwagonsinabadtechnicalcondition.《車輛運用與管理》第三章車輛運用管理工作2.外方國境站技術交接

Technicalhandoveratforeignborderstations（1）出境中方鐵路貨車OutboundChineserailroadwagons中方值班員接到外方國境站接入中方列車的通知后，應在《國境站技術交接檢查記錄簿》中記錄列車基本信息，并通知交接檢車員按規定與外方檢車員進行現場技術交接。UponreceivingthenotificationofaccessingtheChinesetrainattheforeignstateborderstation,theChinesedutyofficershallrecordthebasicinformationofthetrainintheRecordBookofTechnicalHandoverInspectionatStateBorderStationsandnotifythehandoverinspectortocarryouton-sitetechnicalhandoverwiththeforeigninspectorinaccordancewiththeregulations.對外方檢車員發現中方鐵路貨車存在的故障須進行現場確認，屬實的鐵路貨車故障由外方填記《不良鐵路貨車登記簿》，作為中方鐵路貨車進入外方國境站存在故障的原始依據，中方檢車員代表進行簽章；同時中方檢車員須將故障鐵路貨車的車種、車型、車號及故障名稱記錄在《檢車員工作記錄手冊》中，并登記在中方鐵路貨車《出境貨車故障記錄簿》中備查。ForeigninspectorsfoundthattheChineserailroadwagonfailuremustbeconfirmedonthespot,therealrailroadwagonfailurebytheforeignpartytofillinthe"badrailroadwagonregister",astheChineserailroadwagontoentertheforeigncountryborderstationthereisafailureoftheoriginalbasisfortheChinesewagonrepresentativestosign;atthesametime,theChineseinspectorsmustbefaultyrailroadwagonsofthetypeofcar,carmodel,carnumberandfailureofthenameoftherecordsinthe"inspector'sworkrecordbooklet",andregisteredintheChineserailroadwagons,"OutboundWagonFailureRecordBook"forfurtherchecking.《車輛運用與管理》第三章車輛運用管理工作2.外方國境站技術交接

Technicalhandoveratforeignborderstations（2）入境中方鐵路貨車InboundChineserailroadwagons值班員接到外方國境站交出中方列車的通知后，應在《國境站技術交接檢查記錄簿》中記錄列車基本信息，并通知交接檢車員按規定對中方鐵路貨車進行技術交接作業。UponreceivingthenotificationofhandingovertheChinesetrainfromtheforeignstateborderstation,thedutyofficershallrecordthebasicinformationofthetraininthe"RecordBookofTechnicalHandoverInspectionatStateBorderStations"andnotifythehandoverinspectortocarryoutthetechnicalhandoveroperationoftheChineserailroadwagonsinaccordancewiththeregulations.交接中發現中方鐵路貨車存在故障時，應及時與《出境鐵路貨車故障記錄簿》進行核對，對出境時無記錄的故障鐵路貨車，應將車種，車型、車號及故障部位通知外方檢車員在現場進行確認。屬實故障應形成鐵路貨車存在技術狀態不良的“記錄”，交外方檢車員代表在技術狀態不良的“記錄”（一式四份）上簽章。HandoverfoundintheChi