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2025
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BLUEBOOK
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GLOBALMACROOVERVIEW
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Goldilockstriumphedoverthebears
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SUMMARYPOINTS
Equities
SteveLocke
CIO,FixedIncome&
Multi-AssetStrategies
Fixedincome
1Theinflationbattleisover...fornow.
2Expectmonetarypolicydivergence.
LesleyMarks
CIO,Equities
3PocketsofvalueremaininUSmarket.
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Livinginafairytale
Reflectingonthepastyear,it’sclearthatinvestorsexperiencedsuccessacrosstheboard.Withequityandbondmarketsdeliveringstrongreturns,2024wasahighlyprofitableyear.
Thebattleagainstthefinalphaseofinflationappearstobelargelywon,opening
thedoortopotentialgloballycoordinatedcentralbankeasing.Withinflationrates
declininginmostmajordevelopedeconomies,thegroundworkhasbeenlaidfor
acontinuationofthisfavourableinvestmentlandscapeforequitieswhiletheoutlookforbondmarketsismorenuanced.
TheratecuttingcyclebeganwiththeBankofCanada,EuropeanCentralBankand
theBankofEnglandallcuttingpolicyratesinthesecondquarter,withtheFederal
Reserveeventuallyjoiningtheratecutparty.Fromtheir2024peakinApril,CanadianandUS10-yeargovernmentbondyieldsdroppedbymorethan100basispoints
bylatesummer,beforeexperiencingarebound.Canadianbondinvestorswere
rewardedwithamodestyetpositive3%returnontheFTSECanadaUniverseBondIndexthroughOctober.
Forequities,althoughtheyearbeganwiththeMagnificentSeven(Mag7)dominating
stockmarketreturnsthatisnothowthingsended,asinvestorsbegantorotate
beyondthenarrowconfinesoftheMag7towardsbroaderareasofthemarket.Thisgroupofmega-capstockspeakedinearlyJulyandexperiencednegativereturns
whiletheS&P500wentontoreachnewhighs.Althoughtherewereperiodsof
volatility,(suchasthetwo-dayJapanesesummercorrectionandnextdayreversal),noneofthoseconcernsprevailedandglobalequitiessurgedhigheroverthispastyearwiththeMSCIWorldIndex(inCanadiandollars)deliveringa23%returntotheendofOctober.
“
Thebattleagainstthefinalphase
ofinflationappearstobelargelywon.
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TheeconomicbackdropprovedtobebenignwithregionslikeCanada,EuropeandtheUKcontinuingtoexperiencetheeconomicslowdown
thatbeganin2023.Thistranslatedintoflatornegativeearningsgrowthfortheseregions.Ordinarilythiswouldprovetobeabearishheadwind
fortheseequitymarkets,butthesecondhalfrotationintointerestsensitivenamesasratesfell,providedaboosttoequitiesinareasoutsideoftheUnitedStates,despiteweakerrelativegrowth.
Formoreinterest-ratesensitiveeconomieslikeCanada,theeffect
ofhighinterestrateshasdampenedeconomicgrowthsubstantially.
AlthoughrealGDPgrowthhasremainedpositiveoverall,when
factoringinthepopulationgrowthrate,CanadianrealGDPper
capitahashadanegativegrowthrateinmostquarterssince
2022.Thisgarneredattentionfromeconomists,investorsand
journalistsandprevailedasanoverhangfortheprospectsoftheCanadianeconomy.
FortheFederalReserve,itwasthecombinationofinflationtrending
lowerandagradualweakeningofthelabourmarketthatgavethe
greenlighttolowertheFedFundsrate(Figure1).September’s50basispointcutunderscoredforthemarketthattheFedisseriousabout
maintainingthesoftlandingofeconomicgrowth.TheUSeconomy
continuedtostandoutfromthecrowd—achievingtrue“Goldilocks”statuswithearningsgrowthmaintainedinthelowdouble-digitrangethatwasprojectedatthestartoftheyear.
Ourdecisiontoneutralweightequitiesandbondswasbasedontheviewthatamoderationintightmonetarypolicywouldbeconstructive
forbothbondsandequities.Weheldsomereservationsonthe
prospectforgreatervolatilitybecauseoftheongoingconflictsin
UkraineandtheMiddleEast,aswellastheuncertaintysurroundingthepolicyimpactfromtheUSelection.
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Figure1:HeadlineCPIinflation(YoY)USCanadaEurozoneJapanUK
2020
Source:Bloomberg,October2024.
12%10%8%6%4%2%0%-2%
2.6%
2.5%
2.3%
2.0%
2.0%
2022
2024
2016
2018
2014
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Outlookfor2025:Protectingthegoldengoose
ThisyearourattentionwascaptivatedbytheprojectedoutcomeoftheUSelectionbutgiventhehistoricaltrendofrobustequitymarketsinthefourthyearofanelectioncycle,regardlessoftheoutcome,thiswasjustadistraction.
Nowthatelectiondayhaspassed,itmighttakeawhiletodeterminewhatthe
marketshavealreadyfactoredin.Nonetheless,Trump’sdecisivevictoryisexpectedtohavepotentiallysignificantimplicationsforgeopoliticalrisksandtradeflows,andfortheoutlookforvariousassetclassesandsectors.
FortheUSbondmarket,theelectionoutcomecouldproducesomelargershifts
ingovernmentpoliciesthatinturnhavethepotentialtochangetheUSinflation
andyieldcurvepicturesignificantly.Iftariffsareimplementedwidely,supplychaindisruptionsandhigherUSimportpricesarelikelytoresurrectinflation.Alongsidethis,theloweringoftaxratesandensuinglargerdeficitsarelikelytosteepentheyieldcurve.Stricterimmigrationpoliciescouldtightenlabourmarketconditions,
leadingtohigherwageinflation.Ifthesepoliciesareimplementedaspromised,theFedmayabandonitsratecuttingposturein2025,optingtomaintainorevenincreaseinterestratesifinflationexpectationsrise.
TheoutcomeoftheUSelectioncouldhavefar-reachingimpacts,asglobaleconomicprospectsfor2025arebeingbolsteredbyanexpectedcontinuationofthemonetarypolicystimulusfrommanycentralbanks,andbythelaggedeffectsof2024’sactions.Withmarketshavingembracedtheideathatinflationislikelytoremaincontained,
centralbanksinslowingeconomieslikeCanadaandtheEUareexpectedtolower
policyratesmuchfurther.Canada’seconomymayneedratestofallbymorethan
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otherG7economiestostimulateareboundindomesticdemandandclosetheoutputgap.ThismeansthattheBankofCanadamayneedtocutmoreaggressivelythantheFederalReservein2025.Canadianbondyieldsarealsomorelikelytodeclinerelative
“
TheBankofCanada
mayneedtocutmoreaggressivelythan
theFederalReservein2025.
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toUSyields.WeexpectthiswillputcontinueddownwardpressureontheCanadiandollar.
Afterastrongyearofperformanceacrosstheboardin2024,
corporatebondsarestillofferingattractiveyieldstoinvestors.
Corporatebondspreadsinbothinvestmentgradeandhighyieldbondmarketsarenotforecastinganybroad-baseddeteriorationinfundamentals.WithTrump’selectiontotheOvalOffice,we
shouldexpecttoseeaderegulationagendaemergeandthepolicyenvironmentturnfriendliertobanking.Whilecorporateyieldspreadsarenotcheapbyanyhistoricalmeasures,maintaininganoverweightpositionwithabiastowardhigherqualityislikelytorewardcredit
investorsnextyear.
Lookingforwardto2025,theglobalequitymarketispoisedforayearmarkedbybothopportunitiesandchallenges.Ourequityoutlookis
groundedinthefundamentalsdrivingthestateoftheeconomy—earningsgrowthexpectations,andthemultipleweshouldpayforthoseearnings.Afterthedisruptionsthatarosefromthepandemicandassociatedrecovery,runawayinflationandcentralbank
tightening,wecanexpecttoenjoyamorestablephaseofeconomicgrowth.However,dependingonthepaceanddegreeofpolicy
changestobeimplementedbytheTrumpadministration,estimatesofglobalGDPgrowthratesfor2025couldseeupwardrevisionsinthemonthsahead(Figure2).
Atfacevalue,thestableeconomicbackdropandourpositive
outlookforcorporateprofitssupportsabullishoutlookforequitiesinthecomingyear.Inaddition,centralbankers,feelingliketheyhave
wontheinflationbattle,haveturnedtheirpolicyattentiontoboostingeconomicgrowthwithcontinuedeasypolicywhichshouldalso
supportequityreturns.
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Figure2:GlobalGDPestimates
ConsensusestimatesrealGDPgrowth(YoY%change)
5.2%
4.8%
4.5%
3.6%
3.2%3.1%3.1%
2.6%
1.7%
1.2%
0.7%
0.4%
0.0%
USCanadaEurozoneChinaJapanWorld
Source:Bloomberg,October31,2024.
2024Estimated2025Estimated
20222023
3.0%
3.5%
2.5%
1.2%
1.8%
1.3%
1.9%
3.1%
2.1%
1.1%
1.1%
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Butthiswon’tbewithoutriskandpotentialforheightenedvolatility.Althoughthelastinflationbattleappearstobewon,asdiscussed,anotherfightmaybearoundthe
cornerwiththeonsetoftariffsandonshoringcontributingtoaresurgenceininflation.
WearealsowatchingcarefullytherecentpolicyshiftsfromtheChinesegovernmentwhichincludedmonetaryeasing,reducedmortgageratesandsupportforstock
buybacks,astheoutlookforChineseeconomicgrowthhasanoutsizedimpacton
globalgrowthexpectations.WebelievethatgreaterfiscalsupportwillbeneededtooffsetthedownwardpressurefromthepropertymarketinChinabuttherecognitionthattheeconomyneedsthispolicysupportisundoubtedlyanecessaryconditionforasustainedupwardmoveinChineseequities.
Turningtovaluation,almostuniversally,marketsaretradingclosetolong-
termhistoricalaveragemultiples,withoneexceptionbeingtheS&P500.The
concentrationoftheUSstockmarketinmega-capsandthelargeexposuretothe
technologysectorhidesthefactthatthereisstillattractivevaluetobefoundinthe
remaining“S&P493”stocksandUSsmallandmid-capcompanies.WhileaggregatevaluationmayleadyoutoshyawayfromUSequities,webelievethatopportunity
stillexistsforcapitalappreciationwithcarefulstockselection.Asweexpectinterestratestofallfasterintherestoftheworld,thisshouldhelpsupportmultipleexpansion
andinturnhighersharepricesinregionslikeCanadaandEuropeaswell.Withthesupportoflowerinterestrates,cyclicalitywillbeanimportantfactorinsectorallocationacrossportfolios.
Despitethestrengthwe’veexperiencedinglobalequityandbondmarkets
overthepastyear,opportunitieswillstillemergeacrossvariousassetclasses.
However,challengesfrompotentialinflationarypressures,geopoliticaltensionand
unforeseenrisksremainkeyconsiderationsforinvestors.Tosuccessfullynavigate
thisenvironment,adoptingabalancedanddiversifiedapproach–spanningdifferentassetclasses,geographiesandsectorswillhelpmitigatetheeffectsofexpected
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marketvolatilityandprovideamorestablepathforwardforinvestors.
“
Webelievethat
opportunitystill
existsforcapitalappreciation
withcarefulstockselection.
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Assetclassviews–aroundtheworld
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Thepastyearwasoneofrapidrecoveryfrom
theglobalinflationshock.In2025,themarketswillrequireamoreselectiveapproach.
RajanBansi
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VP,InvestmentStrategy&PortfolioSolutions
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Ourportfoliomanagersweighinonfixedincomeandequities
fromaroundtheworld,providingtheirinsightintohowthecurrentenvironmentwillunfold.Thisincludestheinterplaybetweenmajoreconomiesandpotentialdivergenceinmonetarypolicy.
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CONTRIBUTORS
WilliamAldridge
SVP,PortfolioManager&TeamCo-Lead,NorthAmericanEquity&IncomeTeam
KonstantinBoehmer
SVP,PortfolioManager&TeamLead,MackenzieFixedIncomeTeam
HadizaDjataou
VP,PortfolioManager,
MackenzieFixedIncomeTeam
SeamusKelly
SVP,PortfolioManager&TeamLead,MackenzieEuropeTeam
ShahKhan
VP,PortfolioManager&TeamCo-Lead,MackenzieBluewaterTeam
KatherineOwen
VP,PortfolioManager,
MackenzieGlobalEquity&IncomeTeam
NickScott
SVP,PortfolioManager&TeamLead,MackenzieAsiaTeam
RichardWong
SVP,PortfolioManager&TeamLead,MackenzieCundillTeam
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Konstantin,whatareyourthoughtsabouttheCanadianeconomyasweenter2025?
Konstantin:Ithinkthereareworryingsignsthatpointtoeconomic
growthslipping.Onanaggregatebasis,growthhasbeendecent,butimmigrationhasbeenapowerfultailwind.Onapercapitabasis,whichiswhatpeoplefeel,wearealreadyinrecession.Therearemultiple
areasofstressintheeconomythatwillplayoutinsomewayin2025.
HowdoyouthinktheBankofCanada(BoC)viewsthecurrenteconomicsituation?
Konstantin:UpuntiltheOctobermeeting,theBankseemed
reasonablycomfortableintheirpositionwithmeasured25basispointcuts.Buttheychangedtheirtunewitha50basispointcutatthe
Octobermeeting.
CouldtheBoCalreadybebehindthecurve?
Konstantin:Yes.TheeconomyisweakandinflationisalreadyatthemidpointoftheBank’stargetrange.But,atthestartofQ4,inflation
wasactuallyrunningat1.1%ifwestrippedoutmortgageinterestcosts.WethinktheBankstillmightbeunderestimatingpotentialeconomicchallenges,anditmayneedtoimplementmoredrasticmeasuresthatcould,potentially,reducethebenchmarkpolicyrateto2%orlessbytheendof2025.
What’stheroleofhousinginapotentialrecession?
Konstantin:Veryhigh—2025isabigyearformortgagerenewals
andlet’sseehowthatplaysoutonthehouseholdbalancesheet.
Buthousingismorethanpeoplerenewingmortgages.It’stheroleofdevelopersandtheconstructionindustry.There’satrickledownto
realestateagents,notariesandotherprofessionalsintheecosystem.Idon’tthink100basispointsoflowerrateswilljustmagicallyturn
thisaround.
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Shah,whatareyourthoughtsabouttheCanadianeconomyasweenter2025?
Shah:IsharealotoftheconcernsKonstantinexpressed.
Theconsumerrepresentsthelargestpartoftheeconomyandthey’reinatougherspotcomparedtotheirUScounterparts.TheBankof
Canadahascommenceditseasingcycle,butittakestimeforthisrelieftobefeltinthebroadereconomy.
Shah,whatdoyouthinkabouttheBig6BanksinCanadawithrespecttomortgagerenewals?
Shah:TheCanadianbanksarebestofbreedgloballybutinthis
environment,youhavetobeselectiveaboutthenamesyouown.
Unsecuredportfoliossuchascreditcards,personallinesofcredit,
orevenautomotiveloansarewherewecouldseedelinquencies
increaseandwearestartingtoseeanuptickgiventhestrainontheconsumer.AnamewelikeisRBC.Theyhaveconsistentunderwritingstandardsthroughoutthecycle.Theyhaveastrongwealth
managementfranchise,whichisoneofthemostattractivepartsofthebusinessasit’sahigherROE,higherfeeincome,lowercapitalintensityplatform.Plus,theyhavethestrongestdepositfranchisewhichlowersoverallcostoffunding.
Whatisyourperspectiveonconsumerstocksasweenter2025?
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Shah:We’vebeencautiousaboutdiscretionaryspending,particularlybig-ticketitems.CompaniesinthatcamplikeBRPorCanadianTire
faceheadwindsandlackcatalysts.Conversely,thereareopportunities
wheretheconsumeristradingdownand/orlookingforvalue.DollaramaandLoblawarenamesthatlookcompelling.
Will,whichsectorsdoyoufindarethemostattractiverightnow?
Will:It’sreallyastockspecificmarket.TheS&P/TSXCompositeIndexistradingnearthemidpointofitshistoricalvaluationrange.Ontheonehand,thissuggestsmultipleexpansionispossibleifdeclininginterestratesleadtocontinuedmoneyflowsintoequities.But,ontheother
hand,slowinggrowthinearningsmayserveasanoffset.
What’stherisk/rewardprofilerightnowfrom
yourperspective?(WeexploreresourcesfromathematicperspectivewithBenoitGervaisinthispublication.)
Will:Attheendof2024we’reseeingageopoliticalriskpremiumpricedintocertaincommodities,particularlyoilandgold.Oilis
likelytoremainrangeboundgiventhedemand/supplydynamic.Demandgrowthhassoftenedin2024,particularlyinChina,
butpolicymakershaverecentlyannouncedstimuluseffortstostrengthentheireconomy.
What’syourviewongold?
Will:Declininginterestrates,continuedgeopoliticaluncertainly,
strongerenergypricesandaweakerUSdollararesupportiveofgoldprices.Buthighpriceswilleventuallyconstraindemand,whetherthatbefromindividualinvestorsorcentralbanks.
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Konstantin,whatareyourthoughtsaboutthecentralbankpolicyintheUS?
Konstantin:It’saverydifferentsituationversusCanada.Inflationisrunninghigherandislookingstickier,especiallywithrespecttoservices.TheFedhasexpressedconcernaboutthelabour
market,buttheeconomyisstillconsistentlycreatingjobs,albeitataslowerpace.
Isthereariskofcuttingtoomuchandreignitinginflation?
Konstantin:Yes,Ithinkit’sariskandthat’swhytheFeddoesn’tneedtobeasaggressiveasthemarkethasbeenpricingin.Themoreyoucut,thegreaterthechanceofinflationcomingback.
Hadiza,whatcanweexpectfromEurope’seconomyin2025?
Hadiza:EuroperepresentsastarkcontrasttotheUSaswell.
Financialconditionsarerestrictivefortheconsumersandcorporates,andthereisaneedforlowerrates.Ifeconomicdatasoftens
furtheratthestartof2025,theEuropeanCentralBankmayadoptamoreaccommodativestanceifcoreinflationremainswellbelowthe2%target.
What’sholdingbackgrowthincoreEurope?
Hadiza:Germany’sheavyrelianceonChinafortradeisakeyfactor.
Asoneofitslargesttradingpartners,China’sslowergrowthhasbeenadragonGermany’sexports.However,Germanyhasfiscalspace
tostimulateitseconomy,andthereisgrowingpoliticalpressure
tomoveawayfromitsfiscalconservatism.That’sincontrastto
France,whichhasafragilefiscalsituationandisatriskofaratingsdowngradein2025.
Let’smoveovertoAsiaandtalkaboutJapan,whichisactuallyraisingrates.
Hadiza:Japanstruggledwithpersistentlyhighinflationthrough2024,particularlyduetoimportedinflationandaweakeryen.TheBank
ofJapanislikelytocontinueitsgradualrate-hikingcycleinto2025.
Japan’spolicyshiftcouldhavebroaderimplicationsforglobalmarkets—especiallyiftheJapaneseyenappreciatesmateriallyoryieldson
Japanesegovernmentbondsrise,aswesawinAugust2024.
Whatabouttheemergingmarkets?
Hadiza:Iremainoptimisticaboutselectemergingmarkets,particularlyinAsia.Wecouldseedollardepreciationin2025astheFedcuts
rates,whichwouldprovideatailwindforemergingmarketcurrencies.Second,Chinesestimulusmeasures,particularlyfiscalandcredit
support,couldhaveknock-oneffectsfortrade-dependentneighbours.
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Katherine,howshouldwethinkabouttheUSequitylandscape?
Katherine:MarketsaretellingustheFedhassofarbeensuccessfulinthemitigationofrecessionrisks.Fallingrates,ahealthylabour
marketandslowerinflationshouldprovideaconstructivebackdropforstocks.
WhatareyouseeingintermsoftheUSconsumer?
Katherine:Aggregateconsumerspendinghassurprisedtothe
upside.WealthierhouseholdscontinuetodowellandIthinkthiswillcontinueinto2025.Onthelowerendoftheincomescale,wecan
seeclearsignsofretrenchmentandtradedown.RecentmanagementcommentariesfromMcDonald’sandDollarGeneralcorroboratethe
viewthatconsumersarefocusingmoreonessentialsandeschewingdiscretionaryitems.
Whatareyoulookingforinastockgiventhisbackdrop?
Katherine:We’relookingforcompanyspecificstorieswherethe
returnsmorethanoffsettheidiosyncraticriskbecauseit’sthese
returnsthataddvaluetoaportfolio.TheUSequitylandscape
hasbecomeastockpicker’smarketasrateshaverisenfromthe
COVIDlows.Walmartisdoingverywell,asisCostco,whichismoreupmarketbuthardlyaluxuryname.Yet,otherhouseholdnames
suchasStarbucks,NikeandLululemonhavestruggled.
Richard,asavalueinvestor,howdoyoufeelabouttheconsumerspace?
Richard:Welikeconsumercyclicals.I’llshareexampleslinkedto
housingbecausethat’saspacewelike.Millennialsarenowinthe
familyformationlifephaseandalsointheirhigh-incomeearnings
years.There’sashortageofhomesintheUS.WelikeDRHorton,
whichisaleaderinentrylevelhomes.Thestockhasalowvaluation,andthecompanywillbenefitfromstrongerdemandasratesfall.Wealsothinklowerrateswillspurgreaterhomeimprovementspending.ThisisinpartwhywelikeLowes,whichhaslaggeditsmainrival,
HomeDepot,andtradesatanattractivevaluation.
Whatelsedoyoulike?
Richard:Youmaybesurprisedtolearnwearefindingvalue
opportunitiesintechnologystockslinkedtoAI.AstheAIapplicationbuild-outcontinues,manycompanieswillneedgreaterprocessingpower,networkingequipmentandstorage.We’refindingstocks
exposedtotheAIspendingcycleinnetworkingandstoragetradingatlessthan10xearnings.WesternDigitalisanamewelike.The
companymanufacturestheharddiskdrivesneededindatacentrestostoretheenormousamountsofdatafeedinglargelanguage
models(LLMs).
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Seamus,whatareyourthoughtsabouttheinvestmentopportunitiesinEuropeforthenext12months?
Seamus:Germany’seconomicmodel,whichreliedonimporting
cheapenergyformanufacturinggoodsforexporttoChina,hasbeendisruptedatbothends.Francesawitseconomicmomentumslowinthesecondhalfof2024withpoliticaluncertaintylikelytopersistinto2025andcontinuetoweighonsentiment.Theperipheraleconomieshaveperformedmuchbetteronarelativebasis,butultimately
Europeneedsimprovedperformancefromthecorecountriesfor
theregiontogrowattrend.Yetvaluationsareatrelativelylowlevelsacrosstheregion.
Arethereanybrightspots?
Seamus:TheUK.Wehaveacombinationofslowinginflation,fallinginterestratesandrisingrealwages,whilehousingisfirm.Equity
valuationsareasignificantdiscounttolong-termaveragesand
stabilizationonthepoliticalfrontiscreatingopportunity.Wewantdomesticexposure,soweownsomeofthehomebuilders.TaylorWimpeyissuchacompany,anditisbenefitingfromimproving
affordabilityasmortgageratesfallandrealwagesrise.
Whichsectorslookattractive?
Seamus:Weseepocketsofopportunityinhealthcare,consumer
namesandfinancials.Inhealthcare,weholdUCB,whichhasmade
2025MARKETOUTLOOK
significantstridesindevelopingtreatmentsforpsoriasis.Ourresearch,alongwithinsightsfrommedicalprofessionalswe’veconsulted,
hasstrengthenedourconfidenceinthepotentialofthisopportunity.
Intheconsumerspace,Inditex,theparentcompanyofbrandssuchasZara,standsoutforitshighlyefficientsourcingmodel,whichallows
themtodeliverfashionableyetaffordableclo
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