高考英語二輪復習題型專練（新高考）22夾敘夾議類完形填空【命題意圖】完形填空是語言知識運用的第一節，共20小題，每小題1.5分。在一篇約250詞的短文中留出20個空白，要求考生從每題所給的4個選項中選出最佳選項，使補全后的短文意思通順，前后連貫，結構完整。【考試方向】夾敘夾議文體就是一方面敘述某一事情，一方面又對此事加以分析與評論。這種表達方式中的敘與議是一個有機的整體，“敘”是“議”的基礎，即議論不能脫離記敘，必須在記敘的基礎上展開；“議”是“敘”的滲透，即議論在記敘的基礎上發展，且有一定的深度與廣度。二者水乳交融，互為一體。這種文體的語言既有記敘文的特點：借助敘述、描寫、抒情等手段記敘社會生活中的人、事、景、物的情態及其發展過程，用以表現作者思想，抒發作者情感；時態以一般過去時為主，其他時態為輔；廣泛使用動態動詞；適當運用直接引語。同時又具有議論文的語言個性：語言自然、客觀、準確，邏輯性強，且具有概括性。在遣詞造句方面多使用虛擬語氣、讓步狀語從句和can,may,might,could,would,should等情態動詞。【試題解讀】夾敘夾議的文章是高考完形填空中最有難度的，也是最熱點的一類體裁。所選文章語言地道、寓意深刻、可讀性強。文章常常在平淡的敘述中蘊含著深刻的人生哲理。此類選材傾向于注重短文本身的教育意義。作者首先敘述一件事，在敘述過程中或結束后發表自己的看法或由此事引出一個深刻的社會問題。文章的顯著特點是首句可能在傳達一個事件信息或透視一種社會現象，而后對此進行高層次評價，或由此引發一種深層次思考，具有記敘與議論的雙重性，文情并茂，發人深思。解題時，應借助上下文乃至全文的語境揣摩作者的心境，及其對各個角色、各個事件的態度。完形填空所選的文章都是具有邏輯關系、意義相連的語篇，因此，在行文中不可避免地會出現詞語的復現、前后同義或反義、相互照應等現象。所以，解題時應聯系上下文尋找相關線索，如某一個詞的原詞、指代詞、同義詞、近義詞、上義詞、下義詞和概括詞等。完形填空的解題方法很多，而詞匯復現法就是最常見的方法之一。詞匯復現包括原詞復現、同義詞復現、同根詞復現、概括詞復現以及結構復現等。【得分要點】一、關注首句，領會大意通過首句可以明確文章話題，了解篇章結構，預測全文內容。尾句往往是作者的點睛之筆，通過尾句一般可以更加真實、確切地體會到作者的寫作意圖、對待事件的真實態度等核心內容。例：Frommysecondgradeon,therewasoneeventIfearedeveryyear:thepianorecital(獨奏會)和尾句的Withhisfirstrecital,myfathertaughtmemoreaboutcourageanddeterminationthanallthewordsheusedthose30-plusyearsago.表明了文章的主旨：作者本來很反感彈鋼琴，但是父親的行為感動了自己。作者認為他的實際行動比30多年以前說的話更有感染力。二、注重語境，理清行文邏輯夾敘夾議文以敘述為主，絕大部分篇幅是在描述事件，而作者的觀點及態度往往隱含在敘述中，這就要求考生增強語篇意識，抓住文章的敘事線索，弄清文章的內在邏輯關系，根據上下文內容做出選擇，并適當進行邏輯推理是解題的關鍵。三、找準標志詞，弄清故事發展模式夾敘夾議文通常使用對比、強調、讓步、舉例、結論、順序和對照等手段。考生應注意觀察文章的結構特點，根據表達這些手段的銜接詞來正確理解故事情節。常見標志詞有：(1)并列關系：and，notonly...butalso，thatistosay等；(2)因果關系：because，for，sothat，inorderthat，dueto，thanksto，thus，therefore，so等；(3)對比關系：while，whereas，as，ratherthan，insteadof等；(4)轉折關系：although，though，evenif，nevertheless，despite，but，yet，however，onthecontrary等；(5)遞進關系：also，then，besides，inaddition，furthermore，what’smore等；(6)順序關系：first，then，ontheonehand等；(7)轉變話題：bytheway，whatIreallymean...等。【真題再現】【2020·全國卷I】閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Sinceourtwinsbeganlearningtowalk,mywifeandIhavekepttellingthemthatourslidingglassdoorisjustawindow.The41isobvious.Ifwe42itisadoor,they’llwanttogooutside43.Itwilldriveuscrazy.Thekidsapparentlyknowthe44.Butourinsistingit’s45awindowhaskeptthemfrom46millionsofrequeststoopenthedoor.Ihatelyingtothekids.Onedaythey’ll47anddiscoverthateverythingthey’vealwaysknownaboutwindowsisa48.Iwonderif49shouldalwaystellthetruthnomatterthe50.Ihaveaverystrong51thattheliewe’retellingisdoing52damagetoourchildren.Windowsanddoorshave53metaphorical(比喻)meanings.I’mtellingthemtheycan’topenwhattheyabsolutelyknowisadoor.Whatiflaterin54theycometoametaphoricaldoor,likeanopportunity(機會)ofsomesort,and55openingthedoorandtakingtheopportunity,theyjust56itandwonder,＂Whatifitisn’tadoor?＂Thatis,＂Whatifitisn’ta57opportunity?＂Maybeit’sanunreasonablefear.Butthe____58____isthatIshouldn’tlietomykids.Ishouldjust____59____repeatedlyhavingtosay,＂No.Wecan’tgooutsidenow.＂Thenwhentheycometootherdoorsinlife,betheyrealormetaphorical,theywon’t60toopenthemandwalkthrough.41.A.relief B.target C.reason D.case42.A.admit B.believe C.mean D.realize43.A.gradually B.constantly C.temporarily D.casually44.A.result B.danger C.method D.truth45.A.merely B.slightly C.hardly D.partly46.A.reviewing B.approving C.receiving D.attempting47.A.winout B.giveup C.wakeup D.standout48.A.dream B.lie C.fantasy D.fact49.A.parents B.twins C.colleagues D.teachers50A.restrictions B.explanations C.differences D.consequences51.A.demand B.fear C.desire D.doubt52.A.physical B.biological C.spiritual D.behavioral53.A.traditional B.important C.double D.original54.A.life B.time C.reply D.history55.A.bycomparisonwith B.inadditionto C.regardlessof D.insteadof56.A.getholdof B.stareat C.knockon D.makeuseof57.A.real B.Typical C.similar D.limited58.A.safetyrule B.comfortzone C.bottomline D.topsecret59.A.delay B.regret C.enjoy D.accept60.A.hurry B.decide C.hesitate D.intend【答案】41.C42.A43.B44.D45.A46.D47.C48.B49.A50.D51.B52.C53.B54.A55.D56.B57.A58.C59.D60.C【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。作者以現實中的門，引申出生活中的“門”，從而探討了一種教育理念。作者認為家長們不要害怕告訴孩子們真相，這樣，孩子們才可以在生活的道路上，不再被各種“進退兩難”所困擾，從而抓住機遇，勇往直前。41.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：原因是明顯的。A.relief安慰；B.target目標；C.reason原因；D.case情況。根據下文Ifwe42itisadoor,they'llwanttogooutside_43.可知這里作者在解釋把門說成窗戶的原因。所以這里意思是“原因是明顯的”。故選C。42.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我們承認它是一扇門，他們就會不斷地想出去。A.admit承認；B.believe相信；C.mean意味著；D.realize意識到。下文they'llwanttogooutside_43.說他們就會經常想出去，那必然是作者承認了它是一扇門。故選A。43.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我們承認它是一扇門，他們就會不斷地想出去。A.gradually逐步地；B.constantly不斷地；Ctemporarily臨時地；Dcasually隨便地。根據下文Ishouldjust_59repeatedlyhavingtosay,"No.Wecan'tgooutsidenow."可推測出，孩子們會不斷地想出去。故選B。44.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：孩子們顯然知道這個真相。A.result結果；B.danger危險；C.method方法；D.truth真相。下文Butourinsistingit’s45awindowhaskeptthemfrom46millionsofrequeststoopenthedoor.說阻止了他們無數次要求打開這扇門的嘗試，和下文的Ihatelyingtothekids.可知孩子們是知道真相的。故選D。45.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，我們堅持說它只不過是一扇窗戶，阻止了他們無數次要求打開這扇門的嘗試。A.merely只不過；B.slightly輕微地；C.hardly幾乎不；D.partly部分地。我在搪塞孩子們，所以輕描淡寫地說，它不過是一扇窗戶而已。故選A。46.考查動名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，我們堅持說它只是一扇窗戶，阻止了他們無數次要求打開這扇門的嘗試。A.reviewing回顧；B.approving贊成；C.receiving收到；D.attempting嘗試。根據millionsofrequeststoopenthedoor可知孩子們是想嘗試打開門。故選D。47.考查動詞短語辨析。句意：有一天，他們會開始了解真相，并且發現，一直以來，他們所知道的關于窗戶的一切，是一個謊言。A.winout最后獲得成功；B.giveup放棄；C.wakeup開始了解真相；D.standout站出來。根據anddiscoverthateverythingthey'vealwaysknownaboutwindowsisa48.可知有一天，孩子們會開始了解真相。故選C。48.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有一天，他們會開始了解真相，并且發現，一直以來，他們所知道的關于窗戶的一切，是一個謊言。A.dream夢想；B.lie謊言；C.fantasy幻想；D.fact事實。根據Ihatelyingtothekids.以及結合前文作者把門說成窗戶，可知這里意思是他們所知道的關于窗戶的一切，是一個謊言。故選B。49.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我想知道父母是否應該說出真相，無論結果如何。A.parents父母；B.twins雙胞胎；C.colleagues同事；D.teachers老師。根據下文toourchildren，可知這里意思是作者想知道父母是否應該說出真相。故選A。50.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我想知道父母是否應該說出真相，無論結果如何。A.restrictions限制；B.explanations解釋；C.differences差異；D.consequences結果。根據they'llwanttogooutside_43.可知一旦我說出真相，孩子們就總想著打開門出去，這是一種說出真相的“后果”。故選D。51.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我有一種強烈的害怕，害怕我們正在說的謊言會對孩子們造成心靈上的傷害。A.demand要求；B.fear害怕；C.desire欲望；D.doubt懷疑。根據thattheliewe'retellingisdoing52damagetoourchildren.和Maybeit'sanunreasonablefear.可知這是讓我強烈害怕的事情。故選B。52.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我有一種強烈的害怕，害怕我們正在說的謊言會對孩子們造成心靈上的傷害。A.physical身體的；Bbiological生物的；C.spiritual心靈的；D.behavioral行為的。下文說家長們的撒謊行為會讓孩子們面對機會時，猶豫不前。由此可知，這是對孩子們心靈上造成了傷害。故選C。53.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：窗戶和門有重要的比喻意義。A.traditional傳統的；B.important重要的；C.double雙重的；D.original原來的。下文說假如他們將來在生活中遇到比喻的門，將會怎么樣，就像某種機會，他們不是打開門，抓住機會，而是凝視著它，想知道“假如它不是一扇門，將會怎么樣”。由此可知，窗戶和門的比喻意義是非常重要的。故選B。54.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：假如他們將來在生活中遇到比喻的門，將會怎么樣，就像某種機會，他們不是打開門，抓住機會，而是凝視著它，想知道“假如它不是一扇門，將會怎么樣”。A.life生活；B.time時間；C.reply回答；D.history歷史。根據Thenwhentheycometootherdoorsinlife可知這里意思是在生活中遇到比喻的門。故選A。55.考查短語辨析。句意：假如他們將來在生活中遇到比喻的門，將會怎么樣，就像某種機會，他們不是打開門，抓住機會，而是凝視著它，想知道“假如它不是一扇門，將會怎么樣”。A.bycomparisonwith與……相比；B.inadditionto除……之外；C.regardlessof不管；D.insteadof而不是。對孩子們撒謊，今后，孩子們面對生活中的“門”時，會觀望，而不是打開“門”。故選D。56.考查動詞短語辨析。句意：假如他們將來在生活中遇到比喻的門，將會怎么樣，就像某種機會，他們不是打開門，抓住機會，而是凝視著它，想知道“假如它不是一扇門，將會怎么樣”。A.getholdof抓住；B.stareat凝視；C.knockon敲擊（門、窗）；D.makeuseof利用。孩子們遇到機會，不是馬上抓住它，而是在考慮很多問題。由此可知，孩子們在凝視著“機會”。故選B。57.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：也就是說，假如它不是一個真的機會，將會怎么樣？A.real真的；B.typical典型的；C.similar相似的；D.limited有限的。孩子們面對機會，猶豫不前，是在質疑機會的真實性。故選A。58.考查名詞短語詞義辨析。句意：但是，底線是我不應該對我的孩子們撒謊。Asafetyrule安全守則；B.comfortzone舒適帶;C.bottomline底線；D.topsecret絕密的。根據Ishouldn'tlietomykids.可知這是我的底線。故選C。59.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我應該只是接受重復的說：“不，我們現在不能去外面。”A.delay推遲；B.regret后悔；C.enjoy享受；D.accept接受。當我告知孩子們真相時，我也不得不重復的說：“不，我們現在不能去外面。”這是一個現實，我只能接受。故選D。60.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，當他們遇到生活中的其他門時，或真實或比喻，他們將毫不猶豫的打開它們，然后走過去。A.hurry匆忙；B.decide決定；C.hesitate猶豫；D.intend打算。根據andwalkthrough.可知當告知孩子們真相時，孩子們將不再猶豫，大踏步向前走。故選C。【題型演練】1IwaswalkingmydogSnoopyoneeveningwhilethelastlightofthesettingsun1thecloudspurpleandpink.Ilookedupattheskyandsmiled.AfteraminuteSnoopystarted2atherleash.Shewasmorethanreadytoheadinsideforabowlofdogfoodandabacon3.Iwasn’tquitereadytogoin,however,soI4her.IwaswaitingformyfriendstheLittleBlinkerstoappear.Itwasn’tlongeither5Isawthemswitchingtheirlightsonandoff.Theywerefireflies,ofcourse,alsoknownaslightningbugs.OveralltheyearsthatIhavelivedheretheyhaveneverfailedtoappearatthistimeduringthesummer.Theyhaveneverfailedto6me.Theyhaveneverfailedtomaketheworldalittlebrighter.Ithasalwaysbeensucha7tooknowingthatsuchwonderfulcreaturescanshinetheirownlightandmakethe8meadowslooklikethestarryskiesabove.Theymakemewanttosharemyownlightaswell,evenifitisn’tthatbrightandevenifitdoes9toblinknowandthen.RobertFulghumwrote,“Iknowsomepeoplewho10alotoflight.Becausetheyhaveabsorbedalotoflightthemselves.Theyshine.”Idon’tknowhowmuchlightIhave11theyears,butIdoknowthatIwon’tkeepit12underabasket.Iwillshineit.Iwillshareit.Iwilluseitto13asmuchgoodness,love,joy,andwisdomintothisworldasIpossiblycan.Mayyoualways14yourlightasbrightlyasyoucan.Mayyoualwaysshareitwithothersaswell.Rememberthatyouarenotaskedto15thewholeworldup.Whatyouneedtodoisjusttomakeyourlittlecornerofitabitbrighter.1.A.printed B.dyed C.colored D.pictured2.A.pushing B.pulling C.dragging D.waving3.A.food B.thing C.treat D.feast4.A.comforted B.approved C.pleased D.blamed5.A.unless B.before C.when D.once6.A.delight B.disappoint C.satisfy D.touch7.A.chance B.surprise C.curiosity D.joy8.A.green B.ordinary C.vast D.dark9.A.intend B.plan C.tend D.manage10.A.giveout B.giveoff C.giveaway D.givein11.A.absorbed B.appealed C.applied D.collected12.A.stayed B.remained C.changed D.hidden13.A.cause B.appear C.bring D.require14.A.hold B.shine C.spread D.offer15.A.build B.deepen C.light D.brighten2Anactofkindnessdoesn'thavetobeagrandgesture.Eventhosesmallactsofkindnesscanmakeadifferenceinsomeone'sday.ThatwasjustthecaseforAmieMickeywhenshe1abumpersticker(車尾貼)onhercarreading:YouMatter.Amiestartedtodothisseveralyearsago.Atfirst,shewonderedifpeoplewould2it.However,muchtohersurprise,shebeganseeingafloodof3everytimeshehittheroad.Moreoftenthannot,people4slowlynearhercarwouldrolldowntheirwindows,raisingtheir5,wavingandsmiling.Sometimes,sheevenfoundsomestickynotesleftonherwindshieldsayingthingslike“You6too!“Oncewhileshewasdrivingdownthehighway,shebecame7whenamandrivingasportscaratahighspeedpulledhiscaralongsidesuddenly,wavingandmouthing,“Youmatter!”Thoughittookhersometimetorecoverfromthe8,shestillfelthappy.Lastyear,someone9hercarwhileshewaswaitingforherfriendinthecarbytheroadside,sayingtoher,“Itisa(an)10sticker.I’veseenvariousstickersbefore,butnoneofthemhavetouchedmeasyourstickerhasdone.“Thetwosmallwordsonthestickerseemsimpleenough,buttheyreallystruckachordwithmanycompletestrangerswho11tocatchsightofthesticker.StorieslikeAmie'sreally12therestofus.Sometimesakindwordorgesturemayliftour13anditdoesn'tcostathingexceptforalittleextrathought.Maybeitmeansofferingafriendahug,praisingthechildrenwhentheirchildren14wellinschool,helpingsomeoneoutorvolunteeringatnursinghomes.Actsofkindnessarewaitingeverywhere.Smallastheyseem,theycanmakea15impactontheworld,andhelpformgeneralgoodness.1.A.toreup B.pickedup C.fixedup D.putup2.A.watch B.overlook C.notice D.ignore3.A.attention B.confusion C.strangers D.passers-by4.A.running B.driving C.walking D.riding5.A.voices B.hats C.shoulders D.thumbs6.A.count B.share C.value D.matter7.A.frightened B.discouraged C.embarrassed D.disappointed8.A.parking B.speed C.incident D.event9.A.approached B.blocked C.repaired D.cleaned10.A.important B.special C.typical D.skeptical11.A.happened B.occurred C.managed D.offered12.A.shock B.inspire C.delight D.satisfy13.A.feelings B.thoughts C.spirits D.minds14.A.work B.exercise C.conduct D.behave15.A.reliable B.subjective C.positive D.brief3WhenIwaslivingaloneinSantaRosa,California,andrunningabusinessdivisionforIntuit,mytwocatsWileyandWilburweremyfamily.Wetookcareofoneanother,entertainedoneanother,1annoyedoneanother,and2oneanotherafterall.Then,atonlytenyearsold,Wilbur3cancer.LettinggoofWilburwaspainful,andIwaswhenthetimecametosay4.Wiley,myothercat,was5too.HeandWilburwerebestfriends.Hehadalwaysbeenhappyandwell-adjusted,6heseemedlostafterWilbur’spassing.WileyandIgrievedandhealedtogether.Whenpeopleadoptahomelesspet,it’sclearthattheyaresavingtheanimalfromhomelessness,7animalcompanionshiptotheirlives.They’reobviously8afarbetterlifefortheanimal.Timeaftertime,peoplewhoadopthomelesspetsfindtheirownlivesbeing9too.Thai’sjustoneofthe10ofadoptingashelterdog.Andthat’s11IcreatedMutualRescue,ananimal-welfareinitiativeaimedathighlightingthisspecialbond12morehomelessanimals’livescanbe13.Ialsowroteabookaboutthe14animalshaveonourlives:AdoptingaHomelessAnimalCanSaveYou,Too.Thisbookincludessomeofthebeautiful,life-changingstoriesI’ve15.1.A.always B.occasionally C.permanently D.usually2.A.hated B.complained C.adored D.disgusted3.A.sufferedfrom B.escapedfrom C.recoveredfrom D.gotfrom4.A.hello B.regret C.sorry D.goodbye5.A.warmhearted B.thrilled C.scared D.heartbroken6.A.so B.or C.hut D.thus7.A.adding B.applying C.adapting D.adjusting8.A.equipping B.providing C.contributing D.donating9.A.disturbed B.disordered C.saved D.challenged10.A.troubles B.benefits C.faults D.missions11.A.when B.how C.why D.where12.A.sothat B.incase C.inthat D.forfearthat13.A.exchanged B.transformed C.interrupted D.transferred14.A.disadvantage B.mercy C.inspiration D.impact15.A.encountered B.designed C.invented D.facilitated4IsufferedfromAsperger'satmychildhood.Oneofthebiggest_1Ifacedwascommunicatingwithothers.IwasshybutIlovedtoreadandrecitefacts.Thissometimesmademea2forbullies(欺凌).Ididn'treallyunderstandasmuchaboutthediseaseorhowit3mylife.WhenIwasinmy20s,I4toParis.Iwasdeeplyattractedbythecity,andI5ajobinabighotelrightthen.AsanEiffelTowerambassador,I6guestsandvisitorsastheytookthelifttothetopofthehotel's46-storytower,whereIlikedto7thelocalattractionsandhelpedpeoplefindthebest8fortakingphotos.Atfirst,Ihadaproblemwithchangesineverydaylife,9whentalkingwithpeoplewhoweredifferentfromme.ButIlikedtomemorizefacts,andthatreally10inmyjobbecausepeoplelovedtolearnalloftheinterestingthingsaboutthecity.EverydaywhenIclockedin,Ifeltit'stimeformetoperformforand11theguests.IloveditwhenIlearntsomethingnewbecauseIcouldn't12tosharetheinformationwithothers.Everyoneis13,andeveryonehasagift.Ittakesmemorethan50yearsto14thatIamdifferent.Justbeyourself,bekind,andtrytomakea15inyourlife.1.A.decisions B.challenges C.conflicts D.changes2.A.victory B.design C.memory D.target3.A.reflected B.improved C.affected D.forgot4.A.moved B.escaped C.rushed D.gathered5.A.preparedfor B.putaway C.appliedfor D.turneddown6.A.drove B.directed C.sent D.accompanied7.A.introduce B.identify C.consider D.connect8.A.advertisements B.spots C.reasons D.habits9.A.chiefly B.personally C.specially D.especially10.A.favored B.treated C.helped D.relaxed11.A.entertain B.trust C.hire D.educate12.A.stop B.work C.wait D.follow13.A.difficult B.terrible C.bright D.unique14.A.recognize B.realize C.wonder D.admit15.A.difference B.promise C.choice D.sacrifice5Yearsago,mygrandmotherwasinanursinghome.Shewasaretireduniversityprofessor,whichbroughtheranoceanof1shehadtaughtbefore.Insharp2withmygrandmother,almostnoonecameto