v1.0可編輯可修改v1.0可編輯可修改PAGEPAGEPAGE51PAGE51v1.0可編輯可修改PAGEPAGEUnit1OutsideviewConversation1Li:Whatawonderfulview!Thisissuchagreatcity!DoyouevergettiredoflivinginLondon,AndyA;"WhenamanistiredofLondon,heistiredoflife,forthereisinLondonallthatlifecanafford"Li:That'saquotationbySamuelJohnson,isn'titA:Correct,sodoyouhaveanyplanswhenyoufinishatOxfordLi:I'vegotanotheryeartogoandthenIsupposeI'llgobackhome.A;AndyouwillfindajobLi:IthinkIhavetodomyMaster'sbeforeIlookforImustadmitLondonisveryyouthinkyouwouldeverleaveLondonA:Sure,I'dlovetocometochinaoneday,andIliketraveling.ButithinkI'llalwayscomebackhere.Li:Well,yourrootsarehereandtherearesomanyopportunities.A;ButhaveyoueverthoughtoflivinginLondonforayearortwoLi:Yes,butwhatcouldIdohereIhadplannedtobecomeaihaveoftenthoughtiftherewasajobicoulddohereinpublishing,maybeasaneditor,I'llgoforit.A:That'ssoundslikeagreatthinkthatwouldreallysuityouLi:MaybeIshouldupdatemyCVandsendittooneortwopublisher.A:Don'tmakeitlooktoogoodLi:WhynotA;Well,ifyouenjoyworkingwithLondonTimeOff,wedon'twantyouworkingwithanyoneelseLi:Oh,workingwithyouandJoeit'sgreatfunandreallyinteresting.Icouldn'tthinkofabetterwaytofindoutaboutacityA;SomaybeyoushouldthinkaboutapplyingforajobwithusLi:ButdoyouthinkI'dstandachance(有可能，有希望)Imean,I'mnotsureifJoelikesmeA:Don'teventhinkaboutit!JoeisverystraighttalkingandIpromiseyouthatyou'dknowifhedidn'tlikeyou.Li:PerhapsweshouldbothupdateourCVsandlookforjobstogetherA:Hey,right!Thatwouldbefun.Conversation2Li:Talkingaboutfutureplans,howdoyouseeyourcareerdevelopingA:MycareerWell,IlikeworkingforLondonTime'sapartofalargermediacompanycalledLiftoffUSA,sotherearelotsof...Li:But...WhatA:It'snotalwaysveryeasyworkingwithmean,Ikindofthinkhehasadifferentagenda（differentwayofthinkingfromAndy不一樣的想法）.Ilikehiswork,butsometimesIdon'tthinkhisheartisinhisjob.Li:HowdidheendupinLondon？A:HedidmediastudiesintheStates,andthenfoundworkasagofer（雜工）atLiftoffUSAinNewYork.Li:What'sagoferA:Goforthis,gofor'sawordfortheleastexperiencedpersoninthefilmandTVhecametoLondonandgotaproperjobasaresearcheratLiftoffUK,andthenafterafewyearshegottheproducer'sjobinLondonTimeOffLi:Heisgoodathisjob,isn'theA:Yes,heisconfidentandcompetentatwhathedoes,sothepeoplewhoworkwithhimratehimquitehighly（speakhighlyof）.Li:ExceptyouA:No,IratehimIgetonwithhimquitewell,althoughwearenotbestbudiesoranythinglikethat,it'sjust...Iwanthisjob!Li:NowweknowyourlittlepromiseIwon'ttellanyoneA:Janet,therewassomethingIwasgoingtoaskyou...Li:Sure,whatisitA:Iwaswondering...oh,it's,allthistalkaboutyourfuturecareerismakingme'sgoforadrink.Li:WhoisroundA:You...Outsideview:Howtogetajobabigday!Yourlifeisabouttobegin!Andthenyourparentssay..."Getajob".Itellyou!Lookingforyourfirstjoboutofcollegecanbeprettyallthejoblistingissotryingtofigureoutwhattheactualjobiscanbethroughthewantadscanbesowritingyourresumeisreallyhardwork."Idon'thavethatdayopen."Gettingajobinterview,andthengoingonit—thewholeprocessisprettytough."Sorrytokeepyou,haveaseat.""Ihaveyourresumehere,andyouareinterestedintheassistant'sposition.""Yeah,yeah""Well,therightcandidateforthisjobhastobeveryoutgoingandallitisasaleposition.""Well,I'marealextrovert(性格外向的人).Definitely.""Andtherightcandidatehastohavegreatneedtofeelthatyouknowwhatyou'retalkingabout.""Well,I'mreallyIknowwhatI'mtalkingaboutandIthinkIcanprojectthat""So,whatskillswouldyoubringtothisjob"""Well,IrealizethatI'mcompletelyoverqualifiedforthismean,um,inmylastjob,Iwasrunningthewholeplace.""Oh,soyou'vesupervisedpeople""Yep,fiveof,obviouslyIcoulddothisjob,noalsohavereallygoodcomputerwhatelsedoyouwanttoknowaboutme""Eh..."EventhoughIwastryingreallyhard,eventhoughIhadsentoutabout300resumes,eventhoughIaskedallmyfriendandrelativesiftheyknewofwasn'tgettinganywhere!Despiteallmybestefforts,Iwasstillunemployed."Please,whydon'tyouseeacareercounsellor（顧問）I'llpayfortohelpyougetajob!""Samantha,I'mPhyllis""Oh,hi,tomeetyou."SoIfigure,heck,whynotImetwithPhyllisStein,aprofessionaljobcoach."Interviewingisvitaltogettingthejobthatyouwant."Sheshowedmehowtoprepareforaninterviewbydoingresearchonthepositionandthelatter,shecoachingmeonmyinterviewingskills."Iamgoingtopretendtobeyourinterviewer,andthenwe'llstopitandreplayitandlookatthevideoandseewhatwecouldlearnfrom""Idon'tthinkthatyoushouldgointoaninterviewhavingnotpractisedwithsomeofthequestionsthatareprettystandard.""Tellmeaboutyourself.""Well,myparents—mymomisasocialworker,andmydadisanengineer.""Yourpreparationisreallyimportant.""Whatdoyouknowaboutourorganization""Well,Isawon,um,ontheInternetthat,youdobusinesspublishingRight""Thereisawholerangeofthingsthathavetodowithhowyoupresentyourself/""WhyshouldIhireyou""Oh,well.,um,I'mareallyoutgoingperson,andIlike,Ilikepeoplea'mresponsibleandnice.""Youneedtothinkaboutwhattheinterviewerisactuallylookingfor.""Samantha,whatwasamajorproblemthatyou'veencounteredandhowdidyousolveit""Ihaven'treallyhadanyproblemstodealwith.""Thanklet'slookatyourmockinterviewonvideotape.""Ithinkitboilsdown（歸結(jié)為）topreparation,presentation,andunderstandingwhattheinterviewerislookingfor"(Watchingthevideotape)"Anotherwayofansweringitisnottellingaboutyourself,buttellingyourrelationshiptothejob."So,theydon'tcaresomuchaboutyourparentsandthatyouwanttoliveinmayneedyoutobeabletobeausesomeexamplesinyourlifefrombeingatroubleshooter.""Oneofthethingsthatsomeonewhoisanassistantinatradeshowisdoing,isdealingwithneedtobesurethatyoustay,sortof,ontargetwithpreventing,presentingyourselfinthestrongestpossibleway."ThistimeIfeltalotmoreconfidentwhenIwentinfortheinterview."IhavedevelopedstrongcommunicationcollegeIworkedontheschoolpaperandIbroughtsomewritingsamplestoshowyou.""Ialsoworkedeverysummeratabed-and-breakfast.""Iworkedalotwithourbookedreservationoverthephone,gotthemwhattheyneeded,andhandledanycomplains.""Well,IfeellikeIdidreally'llsee."Makingagoodfirstimpressionisthemostimportantpartofajobinterview.Arrivingontimeandbeingconfidentarethemostimportantpartsofajobinterview.It'sveryimportantthatyouarebeingconfidentandyou'rebeingclearinyouranswersandlisteningcarefullyNotfidgeting（坐立不安，煩躁）andbeingconfidentarethemostimportantthingsinajobinterview.Writingathank-younoteisthemostimportantthingyouwanttodoafterajobinterview/Andgointherewithafirmhandshake.Listeningin"It'snotenoughtoaskwhatsuccessfulpeoplearelike...Itisonlybyaskingwheretheyarefromthatwecanunravelthelogicbehindwhosucceedandwhodoesn't"ThisisthebasicideaofanintriguingbookcalledOutliers,bytheAmericanjournalistMalclombookexploresthefactorswhichcontributetopeoplewhoareextremelysuccessfulintheircareers,forexample,therolethefamily,cultureandfriendplay.GladwellexaminesthecausesofwhythemajorityofCanadaicehokeyplayersareborninthefirstfewmonthsofthecalenderyear,whatthefounderofMicrosoftBillGatesdidtoachievehisextraordinarysuccess,andwhytheBeatlesmanagedtoredefinethewholeofpopularmusicinthe1960s.GladwellpointsoutthattheyouthhockeyleagueinCanadarecruitsfromJanuarythefirst,sothatplayersbornearlyintheyeararebigger,strongerandbetterathletesthanothersbornlaterinthebecausetheyhavethisadvantageatthestartoftheirsportscareer,they'regivenextracoaching,andsothere'sagreaterchancethatthey'llbepickedforanelitehockeyteaminthefuture.Hecallsthisphenomenonaccumulativeadvantage（積累優(yōu)勢）,abitliketheideathattherichgetricherandthepoorgetdependsontheprocessbywhichtalentedathletesareidentifiedasmuchasitdoesontheirownabilities.Anotheraspectwhichcontributestosuccessisthe10000hoursuccessdemandsanenormousamountoftimeforpractiseandexample,theBeatlesperformedliveinHamburgGermanymorethan1200timesoverfouryears,muchmorethanthe10000hoursGladwellclaimisnecessaryforgreatbythetimetheyreturnedtoEngland,theyhaddevelopedtheirtalenteandsoundedcompletelydifferentfromanyothergroup.Inthesameway,BillGateshadthousandsofhours'worthofprogrammingbecausehehadaccesstoacomputerathishighalsobecameateenagerjustattherighttimetotakeadvantageofthelatestdevelopmentsincomputertechnology.Outliershasmetwithextraordinarysucess,matchedonlybyGladwell'sowncareerfor25yearsinaresult,manyciticshaveseenitasanautobiography,inwhichthewriterappearstobeapologizingforhisownpersonaltheidesthatyouhavetobebornattherightmoment,intherightplaceandintherightfamily,andthenyouhavetoworkreallyhardisathought-provokingwayofrevisitingourtraditionalviewofgeniusandgreat'scertainlyworthreading,aslongasyoudon'ttakeittooseriously.Listeningin2P:Hi,wearetalkingabouttypicalworkinghoursintheUSandin...um...you'refromtheStates,tellmewhatarethetypicalworkinghoursintheStatesE:Er...traditionallypeoplegotoworkat9o'clockinthemorningandtheyfinishatabout5,sosortofa9to5.P:And,andPennyI...Iknowyou'reEnglishbutyouworkinBrazil,whatarethehoursinBrazilPenny:Umvariesslightly,sometimesyoucanstartumonanearlyshift,say,8o'clockinthemorningto5umor9untilinBraziloftenpeoplewillworklongerhoursthanthis.P:Right,rightwhatkindofclothesdoyouwearImeandoyoudressupformallyorinarelaxedwayE:Itusedtobethatyouwouldwearajacketandtietoworkfor...formenbuternowadaysanopenshirtisdon'tnecessarilyhavetowearatieandsometimesonaFridayyoucanwearapairofjeanstowork.P:Oh,rightthedressdownFridayE:ThedressdownFridaythat'sright.P:DoesthatstillhappenE:Yes,yessureitdoes.P:AndhowaboutinBrazilPenny:Um,it'sfairlycasual,quiteinformal,umImeanyouneedtolookneatandtidyobviously,butyou,youhaveyourownchoicerelyonwhatyouwouldwear,therearenorulesand'simportanttolooksmartbutcomfortable.P:Right,yeahdoyouhavemealbreaksoristhat...youjustfitinmealswhenyoucanor...E:Lunch,lunchisusuallyanhoursometimesalittleshorterifyouhavetodoalotofworkfromyourdesk.P:Yeah,howaboutBrazilPenny:That'sthesame,aboutanhour.P:And,andwithovertime,Imean,ifyou...Imeanyou'reobviouslycontractedtodoacertainnumberofhappensifyoudomorethanthehoursthatyou...that'sinyou...thatareinyourcontractE:IhavetomakeafairlyumstrictrecordofmyhourssoifIgobeyond5o'clockonmostdaysIputinforovertime.P:Right.E:Andit's...thefirsthourisoneofovertimeandthenthere'sIthink15minuteperiodsafterIcouldworkanhourandaquarter.P:Andyou'dbepaidforthequarterhoursE:That'sright,bythequarterhour.P:HowaboutinBrazilPenny:It's,it'salotlooserinBrazilweoftenendupdoingovertimebutunfortunatelynotpaid.P:'shardwhataboutholidays,whataboutintheStatesYoudon'thavemuchholidaysintheStatesdoyouE:youstartatacompanyyougettwoweeksholidayortwoweeksvacationaswesay...P:YeahE:Umthenit'susuallynotuntilyou'vebeenatthecompanyforaboutfiveearsthattheygiveyouanotheryougetthreeweeksafteryou'vebeenthereforfiveyears.P:AndwhataboutinBrazilPenny:Umit'squitegoodactually-30days.P:Soundsverygenerous.Penny:YeahIcanpopbackto...P:Isthat30workingdaysor30daysintotalPenny:That's30workingdaysP:Wow,that'sPenny:Yes,yeahit'sagooddeal.P:WhataboutretirementIknowit'salongwayofthere!WhendoyouretireE:Generallyspeakingit'sat65.P:Andthesameforwomen.E:Umit'sIthinkalittlesoonerthanthatforIthink62or63.P;Right,inBrazilisitsimilarPenny:Similartothe'sumafter60forformen,orifyou'veclockedupabout30or35yearsofservicethenyoucanretireafterthat.P:Rightandwhen...doyouhaveapaydayWhenispaydayE:Um,well,wegtpaidtwiceamonth,sowegetpaidatthebeginningofthemonthandthenwegetpaidinthemiddleofthemonthatthe15thgiveortake(大約).P:Yeah,andwhataboutinBrazil？Penny:Ithinkitalldependswhichcompanyyou'reworkingtheoneIamworkingforrightnowIgetpaidtwiceamonthbutwhenIbegan,withadifferentcompanythatwasonceamonth,so,itvaries.P:AndarethereanycompanybenefitsthatyouhaveintheStatesDoyouhaveacompanycarorapension？E:Yeah,wegetacompany'reableto...weleaseacarineffectbutit'sacompanycarthatwegetfor18monthstotwoyearsandthenwe...wecanmoveontoanothermodelfrom'safairlygoodpensionscheme,that'sstillworking,andhospitalizationaswell.P:Oh,that'simportantE:Yeah,ahealthplanthroughworkisveryimportant.P:whataboutinBrazilPenny:Yeah,excellentbenefitslikeImeanitdoesdependonthecompanyandthestatusofyouroryourjobbutyoumightgetacar,livingaccommodation,schoolforthechildren,they'llpayforyourlunch,travelpasses,gasoline,healthinsurance,allsortsofbenefitsactuallyit'sverygood.P:Soundsverygood,withtheholidayandallthosebenefitsitsoundsagreatplacetowork.Unit2OutsideviewConversation1Joe:OK,whenyoufinishedchatting,let'sgetdowntowork.Andy:OK,sure.Janet:Finebyme.What'sontheagendaJoe:FirstuptodayisReadallaboutit!Now,IassumeeveryonehasreadallthebooksforthefutureHasanyonereadanyofthebooksAndy:Well,Joe,thereareover20newbookscomingoutnextmonth,so…Joe:I'msorry,Ireallythinkthat'squiteunacceptable.It'syourjob!Whataboutyou,JanetJanet:I'msorrybutthisisthefirsttimeI'veworkedonReadallaboutit!AndIdidn'tknowIwasmeanttoreadallthebooks.Andy:HaveyoureadthemJoe:No,butthat'swhyyou'remyassistants.You'remeanttoassistme.Andy:It'struethatweneedtoreadthebooks,Joe,butwehaven't…Joe:OK,thereyougo.Youarealwaysmakingexcuses!Andy:Andwhat'smore,wehaven'tevenchosenthebooksyet.Joe:OK,let'sgetdownwithit.What'sonthelistJanet:Isupposewe'relookingforbookswithaLondonangle（倫敦視角）Andy:Notnecessarily.Janet:IsitOKtolookfornon-fictiontooJoe:Absolutely.Janet:OK,here'sanidea.There'sanewbiography（自傳）ofCharlesDickenswhichI'mreading.Andy:Soundsgood-hisbooksarealwaysonTV.Janet:YouseeI'mstudyingDickensatuniversity,andInoticeditinthebookshoplastweek.It'sreallyinteresting.Joe:OK,tellusmore.Janet:Well,it'sadescriptionoftheLondonlocationswherehesetmanyofhisbookslikeOliverTwistandDavidCopperfield.Andy:Soundsrightupyourstreet（拿手的）!JoeWelldone,Janet.MaybeyoucanshowAndyhowtoplanthefeature.OK,that'siteveryone.Let'sgettoit!Conversation2Janet:What'sthematterwithJoetodayAndy:Noidea.He'sabitlikethatsometimes.Hegetsannoyedwithme,butIdon'treallyknowwhy.Janet:Hewasn'tbeingatallfair.HowoftendoeshegetlikethisAndy:Well,Isupposeit'snotveryoften.Butsometimeshereallygetsonmynerves（使某人心煩意亂）.Janet:Don'tletitgettoyou.He'sprobablygottoomuchwork,andhe'sstressed.Andy:Well,heshouldkeephisproblemsawayfromthestudio.Anyway,you'retheexpertonDickens,tellmesomethingabouthim.Janet:Well,CharlesDickenswasoneofthemostpopularnovelistsin19thcenturyBritain.Manyofhisnovelsfirstappearedinmagazines,inshortepisodes.Eachonehadacliffhangerattheendthatmadepeoplewanttoreadthenextepisode（集，一集）.Andy:AndwasheaLondonerJanet:HewasborninPortsmouthbuthisfamilymovedtoLondonwhenhewastenyearsold.Andy:AndhesetmostofhisstoriesinLondon,didn'theJanet:That'sright.Heknewthecityverywell.Andy:WhereaboutsinLondonarehisstoriessetJanet:AroundtheLawCourtsinthecentreofLondon.Heworkedasacourtreporterandmanyofthereallifestoriesheheardincourtinspiredsomeofmostfamouscharactersinhisnovels.Andy:IthinksomeofhisstoriestakeplacesouthoftheriverJanet:That'sright,especiallyaroundDocklands.Thethingwas…Dickenswasasocialcommentator（社會評論員）asmuchashewasanovelist-hisstoriesdescribethehardship,thepoverty,andcrimewhichmanyLondonersexperiencedinthe19thcentury.ItmakesmewanttoreadsomeDickensagain.MaybeI'lljustgoshoppingforacopyofGreatExpectations.Andy:Anyway,youdidmeahugefavour.Thatwasarealbrainwave（突然想到的妙計(jì)，靈感）tosuggestthenewbiography.Janet:CheerupAndy.Itwasn'tyourfault.Andy:No,it'sOK,I'llgetoverit.Goon,offyougoandenjoyyourshopping!OutsideviewBritishpeoplereadalot.Theyreadbooks,newspapersandmagazines.Andofcoursetheyreadtextmessagesontheirmobilephones.Sixty-fivepercentofBritishpeoplelist"readingforpleasure"asamajorhobby.Aquarterofthepopulationreadsmorethan20bookseachyear.SowheredothesebookscomefromWell,therearebookshopswhereyoucanbuybooks.Andtherearelotsofpubliclibrarieswhereyoucanborrowbooksforfree.Inthislibraryyoucanborrowbooks,butyoucanalsobuyacupofcoffee,lookatanartexhibition,sitinaquietstudyareaorconnecttotheInternet.YoucanalsonowborrowCDs,videosorDVDsoffilmsandtelevisionprogrammes.Somelibrariesevenletyouborrowcomputergames.Thereareoftenreferenceroomswhereyoucangotolooksomethinguporgotostudy.Manylibrarieshavealsogotspecialroomswithbooksandphotograghsaboutthehistoruofthearea.Librariesareveryimportantinschoolsanduniversitiesbothforstudyandforreadingforpleasure.TheBritishLibraryisoneoftheworld'sgreatestlibraries.Thequeenopeneditsnewbuildingin1998.ItreceivesacopyofeverybookpublishedinBritain,andaddsthreemillionnewitemseveryyear.It'sgotbooksofcourse,butalsosoundrecordings,music,maps,newspapers,andmagazines.Peoplepredictedthatradio,thentelevision,thentheInternetwillkillreading,butitstillaverypopularactivity.Listeningin1M：SohowlonghasyourbookgroupbeenrunningC：Well,letmesee,it'sover20yearsnow.Ithinkit'sactuallyoneoftheoldestbooksgroupsaround,becauseitwasonlyabout20yearsagothattheystartedtobecomefashionableintheUK.M：AndhowoftendoyouhavemeetingsC：Wemeetaboutonceeveryfourorfiveweeks,althoughwetrytoavoidmeetingsinthesummerholidays,andduringtherun-upto（前奏，預(yù)備期）Christmaswhenweallstarttogetbusywithotherthings.M：AndhowmanymembersdoyouhaveC：We'reteninall,althoughit'srarethateveryonecanattend.M：AndwhathappensduringthemeetingC：Well,weusuallymeetatoneofourhomes,andwestartfairlylate,around8:30,andthehostpreparesdinner,andsometimeduringthemeal,someoneasks"Sowhatdidyouthinkofthebook"andthat'swhenthediscussionstarts.M：Itsoundsquiteinformal.C：Itis,yes,andsometimesifwehaven'tenjoyedthebook,themealbecomesmoreimportantthanthediscussion.Butit'sfairlyrarethatnoonelikesthebook,anditgetsquireinterestingwhenopinionsaboutitaredivided.MAndwhatsortofbooksdoyoureadC：Oh,allkinds,actually,notjustnovels,althoughImustadmitthatbeingamemberoftheclubmakesmereadmoremodernfictionthanImightdootherwise.Butwealsoreadtheclassics,youknowthenovelsweallreadorshouldhaveread30yearsago,andit'squitegoodfuntorevisitthem,toseeifourviewsofthebookshavechanged.Were-readThomasHardyrecently,andwhereasIusedtoloveitwhenIwasastudent,thistimeIthoughtitwasexasperatingly（惹人惱火地）dull.Andwereadnon-fiction.quitealotofhistoryandtravelwriting.Acoupleofthememberslikepoetry,whichIdon't,butyouknow,we'retoleranteachother'schoice,anditgivesusachancetotrythingswewouldn'tusuallyread.M：AndhowdoyouchoosethebooksC：Well,attheendoftheeveningthepersonwhohoststhedinner-basically,thecook-hastherighttochoosethenextbook.M：AndthatworksOKC：Yes,althoughthere'squitealotofstressonchoosingsomethingthatwillearneveryoneelse'srespect.Andwe'vegotonememberwholikessciencefiction,sowetrynottogotohisplacetoooften!Listeningin2Well,thankyouforyourkindwelcome,andforgivingmetheopportunitytogivethisbrieftourofLiteraryEngland.Ican'tclaimit'sanauthoritativetour,asI'm,notaprofessionalliteraryspecialist.However,Ihavetwoamateurpassions:oneistravelandtheotherisreadingandEnglishliteratureinparticular.AndthislectureisadescriptionofdifferentvisitsIhavemadetoplacesinBritainandIreland,chosenspecificallyfortheircloselinkswithwell-knownwritersofwhatwecalltheclassicsofEnglishliterature.Justtogiveyouanoverviewofthelecture,I'mgoingtostartinmyhometownofLondon,whichisalsothehomeofmanywell-knownwriters.ButIthinkthatthepicturewehaveinourmindofLondonhasbeenlargelyfashionedbytheworkofCharlesDickensandShakespeare.DickensianLondonisillustratedmostclearlybyhisbookOliverTwist,andShakespeare'sLondonbringstomindtheplayswrittenandperformedhere,suchasRomeoandJuliet.We'llalsohavealookatthememorialoffreatBritishwriters,Poets'CornerinWestminsterAbbey.ThenoffwegotoOxford,anothercityrichinitsliteraryhistory.I'm,goingtofocusonthegreatestofOxford'sliteraryalumni,JRRTolkien,theprofessorofEnglishwhowroteLordoftheRings,whichisnowfamousthroughouttheworldbecauseoftherecentseriesoffilms.ThenweturnsouthtowardsthegentlecountrysideofHampshire,homeofJaneAusten,wherehervariousnovels,includingPriceandPrejudiceareset.ShealsospentaperiodofherlifeinthemagnificentGeorgiancityofBath.ThenweturnnorthtothehillsofwestYorkshirewherewefindBrontecountry,socalledbecauseitwasthehomeofthethreesisters,Charlotte,EmilyandAnneBronte.PerhapsthetwobestknownnovelsareCharlotteBronte'sJaneEyer,andEmilyBronte'sWutheringHeights,alsomadeintosuccessfulfilms.Thenuptothenorth-west,tothestunninglandofmountainsandlakeswhichistheLakeDistrict,homeoftheLakelandpoets.PerhapsitsmostfamoussonisWilliamWordsworth,whosepoem"Iwanderedlonelyasacloud"hasbeenlearntbygenerationsofschoolchildrennotjustinBritain,butaroundtheEnglish-speakingworld.Sothat'sthebasicrouteroundLiteraryEngland,althoughI'llbethinkingseveraldetourstovisitotherfamouswriterswhoseworkcontributestotheglorywhichisEnglishliterature.Let'sstart…Unit3OutsideviewLondonhasalwaysprideditselfonbeingalittlebitdifferentwhenitcomestofashion.Atthecatwalkshows,designersshowcasethehottestnewtrendsforjournalistsandbuyersfromallovertheworld.Butawayfromtheglamourofdesignercollections,whatdoLondongirlsactuallywearHowdotheycreatetheaffordable,personalstyletheyarefamousforHannah,whoworksforafashionmagazine,saysLondon’suniquestyleisallaboutmixingandmatching.Onedaycanbepunk.Nextdayyoucanbereallygirlie（少女般的）.It’skindofchoosingwhatyouwantinyourwardrobe.Maybetakinganexpensivepiecebutmixingitwithsomethingcheaperorsecond-hand.IthinkthatiswhatLondongirlsarereallygoodatdoing.PortobelloRoad,inthetrendyNottingHillarea,ishometooneofthemostfamousmarketsinLondon.Here,younameitandpeoplewearit-anythingfrommarketstallbargainstoto-die-for（令人渴望的）designerlabelssoldintrendyshops.Buthowdothecapital’swomenviewtheirstyleEclectic.Mystyleiscertainlyeclectic.ItisfromTesco.ItistheCatherineKidstonrangefromTesco.Samismatchedheroutfittodaywithabagsheboughtinasupermarket.Angelaisafashionstylist.Sotellmealittlebitaboutyourlife.WhatareyouwearingandwhatwouldyousayyourstyleisMystyletendstochangeweekbyweek.TodayIamwearingsomejeansfrom’vediscoveredUniqlojeansandboughtaboutfivepairscostheyfitreallywell.ThebootsarebyAldo.MyT-shirtisfromTooshop.ThejacketisareallyoldjacketthatIboughtintheStatesafewyearsago.Butum,yeahImeanitjust…itdoestendtochangealot.OvertoNewBondStreet,London’sdesignershoppingMecca（勝地）andthestylestakeshavegoneupalittle.Someofthemostfamousandexpensiveshopsintheworldcanbefoundhere.Shopswhereyouhavetoaskthepriceofthathandbag…orpairofshoes…thenyouknowyoucannotreallyaffordit.Natalie,astudentfromthecity,saysbeinglaidbackiswhatgivesLondonstyleitsedge.Idon’tknow.Everyonesayslike.FrenchislikesofashionableandstuffbutIthinkwearequitetrendy,weareabitmorecasual,butIthinkwehavegotagoodstylegoingonandeverything,abitlaidback,buteveryonestilllookscool.Seyliaworksinajewelryshop.Noshabbychic（流行式樣，時尚）here.CashmerescarffromLouboutin,becauseitiscold.BlackcoatfromPradaandaValentinobag,whichisprobablyascolorfulasitgets.KatieisamodelandloveshowpeopledressinLondonbecauseeveryonehastheirownindividualstyle.IloveLondonitissolikeeveryone’sgottheirownfashion.Iloveithere,becauseyoucanwearwhateverandjustfitin,itisgreat.IloveLondonforthat.Lauraisastudentandsaysshedoesn’treallyputanythoughtintowhatsheiswearing.Fashion,Iwouldn’treallycallitfashion.Itisjustkindofchuckedtogether,ba