第21頁/共21頁洛陽市2022-2023學年第一學期期中考試高二英語試卷注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆將答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Where’stheruler?A.Inthedrawer.B.Inthestreet.C.Onthedesk.2.What’sthewoman’sseatnumber?A.7A.B.10A.C.17A.3.Whatlanguagecanthewomanspeak?A.French.B.Chinese.C.German.4.Howlongdoesthemanplantostay?A.Halfaday.B.Oneday.C.Twodays.5.Whenshouldthemanfinishhisbook?A.Thedayaftertomorrow.B.Bytheendofthismonth.C.Beforehisbossreturns.第二節（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wherearethespeakers?A.InJapan.B.InChina.C.InCanada.7.What’sthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Neighbors.C.Colleagues.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.What’sthewomanmostprobably?A.Asaleswoman.B.Alibrarian.C.Acustomer.9.Howmuchshouldthemanpay?A.Fiftycents.B.Onehundredcents.C.Twohundredcents.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Howdoesthewomanprotecttheenvironment?A.Bysavingwater.B.Bydoingthedishes.C.Bywateringtheplants.11.Whatdoesthewomandowithheroldthings?A.Shedonatesthem.B.Sherecyclesthem.C.Shethrowsthemaway.12.Whydidthewomanjointheorganization?A.Totravelinthecity.B.Toworkwithfriends.C.Toplantmoretrees.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whereisthewomangoing?A.London.B.Beijing.C.Washington.14.Whoisthewomanvisiting?A.Herfamily.B.Hersister.C.Herdaughter.15.Whatticketdoesthewomanwant?A.Aone-wayticket.B.Afirst-classticket.C.Aneconomyclassticket.16.Whenisthewomanleaving?A.At8:30am.B.At11:20am.C.At12:30pm.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.What’sthewomanmainlytalkingabout?A.HowshecoulddobetterinEnglish.B.HowshehelpedotherswithEnglish.C.HowsheimprovedherEnglishlevel.18.WhoisMissBrown?A.Thewoman’steacher.B.Thewoman’smother.C.Thewoman’sfriend.19.WhydidthewomanthinkdoingEnglishhomeworkimportant?A.Itwasusefulinimprovingreadingability.B.Ithelpedherrememberthenewwords.C.Itmadeiteasiertograspthemainidea.20.Whatdidreadingnewspapershelpthewomanwith?A.Herwritingskill.B.Herspeakingskill.C.Herlisteningskill.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節，滿分40分）第一節（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AReadytoshareyournovelsorpersonalstorieswiththeworld?Thefollowingfourwritingcontestsareworthconsidering.DrueHeinzLiteraturePrizeYoucanwin$15,000andpublicationbytheUniversityofPittsburghPresswiththisprize.Youmaysubmitanunpublishedmanuscriptofshortstories,twoormorenovelsoracombinationofnovelsandshortstories.Youmusthavealreadypublishedanovelorbook-lengthworkoffictionwitharespectedpublisher.Deadline:AnnualsubmissionsmustbebetweenMay1andJune30.BiopageStorytellingWritingContestEssaysofupto5,000characters(about1000words)willbeacceptedandrightnowwe’relookingforstoriesofCOVID-19quarantinelife.Thegrandprizewinnerwillreceive$300,andfiverunners-upwillbeawarded$100each.You’llneedtoregisterforaBiopageaccounttobequalified.Deadline:July31,2022PEN/RobertJ.DauShortStoryPrizeforEmergingWritersThiscontestrequiresyoutohavealreadypublishedashortstoryinaliterarymagazineorjournalorculturalwebsite.Shortstoriesofupto12,000wordsarequalifiedandmustbepublishedbeforetheyearinwhichtheawardisgiven.Theprizemoneyvariesfrom$1,000to$200.Inaddition,keepthisinmind:Submissionsareonlyqualifiedwhensubmittedbyaneditor.Deadline:ThecontestisopenannuallybetweenJuneandNovember.WritetheWorldFornewwriters,thiscoolcontestalsoservesasaminiworkshop.Consideringthatthefirstdraftisneverperfect,submissionswillreceivereviewbyauthors,writingteachersandotherexperts.Participantsaregiventhechancetorevisetheirpiecesbasedonthereviewbeforesubmittingthemforfinalprizeconsideration.5topprizewinnerswillreceive$100each.Deadline:Monthly.1.Whichwritingcontestoffersthebiggestprizemoney?A.WritetheWorld. B.DrueHeinzLiteraturePrize.C.BiopageStorytellingWritingContest. D.PEN/RobertJ.DauShortStoryPrizeforEmergingWriters.2.WhatshouldyoudotoparticipateinBiopageStorytellingWritingContest?A.Publishanovelbeforehand. B.Berecognizedbyaneditor.C.RegisterforaBiopageaccount. D.Cooperatewitharespectedpublisher.3.WhoisWritetheWorldmostprobablytargetedat?A.Firstauthors. B.Novelreviewers.C.Literaturecritics. D.Writingbeginners.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了4個不同的寫作比賽。【1題詳解】細節理解題。根據DrueHeinzLiteraturePrize中的“Youcanwin$15,000andpublicationbytheUniversityofPittsburghPresswiththisprize.(你可以贏得15000美元的獎金，并獲得匹茲堡大學出版社出版的作品)”、BiopageStorytellingWritingContest中的“Thegrandprizewinnerwillreceive$300,andfiverunners-upwillbeawarded$100each.(大獎得主將獲得300美元，五名亞軍將獲得每人100美元)”、PEN/RobertJ.DauShortStoryPrizeforEmergingWriters中的“Theprizemoneyvariesfrom$1,000to$200.(獎金從1000美元到200美元不等)”和WritetheWorld中的“5topprizewinnerswillreceive$100each.(5名頭獎得主每人將獲得100美元)”可知，DrueHeinzLiteraturePrize寫作比賽的獎金最高。故選B。【2題詳解】細節理解題。根據BiopageStorytellingWritingContest部分中“You’llneedtoregisterforaBiopageaccounttobequalified.(您需要注冊一個Biopage帳戶才有資格)”可知，參加傳記小說寫作比賽你應該注冊Biopage賬戶。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據WritetheWorld部分中“Fornewwriters,thiscoolcontestalsoservesasaminiworkshop.(對于新作家來說，這個酷炫的比賽也可以作為一個迷你工作坊)”可推知，WritetheWorld針對的是寫作新手。故選D。BLaughterisinmanywaysouruniversallanguage.Humanslovetolaugh,andit’sgoodthatwedoso,becauselaughingcanreducestress,improveourimmunesystemandrelievepain.JeannetteSanger,alaughteryogainstructorfromNewYork,experiencedthelatterbenefitlastsummer.Shewascookingwhenapotofboilingwateroverflowedandhurtherleg.“Itwaspainful,”shesaid,butsheforcedherselftouseherownskillsasmedicineandtriedlaughingtoreducethepain.“Asmyhusbanddrovemetothenearesthospital,Iwassittinginthebackseatlaughing,”SangertoldTheHuffingtonPost.“Itsuccessfullystoppedmefromgivingmyattentiontothepain.”EvenforcedlaughterlikeSanger’scanhaveagreateffectonthebody,accordingtoDr.MadanKataria,amedicaldoctorfromIndiawhodevelopedlaughteryoga,apracticethatdrawsonthebreathingexercisesofyogatoproducetherapeutic(有療效的)results.Thedoctorwaresearchingforanarticleentitled“Laughter-TheBestMedicine”whenhemadethesurprisingdiscoverythatbothforcedandsincerelaughtercanaffectourhealth.In2014,researchersatCalifornia’sLomaLindaUniversityfoundthatolderadultswhowatchfunnyvideosshowimprovementintheirpowersofrecallandshowlowerstresslevels.AnotherstudyattheUniversityofMarylandMedicalCenterfoundthatpeoplewholaughmoreandhaveasenseofhumourarelesslikelytogetheartdisease.“Laughingisawayoflearninghowtoplayagain,”Sangersaid.Sanger’sclassesstartoutwithsimplebreathingandmovementactivities.“Motioncreatesemotion,”shesaid.4.WhatisJeannetteSanger?A.Adoctor. B.Acook. C.Aresearcher. D.Atrainer.5.WhydidJeannetteSangerlaugh?A.Toreducestress. B.Toenjoyitsbenefit.C.Torelievepain. D.Toamuseherself6.Howcanhumorhelppeople?A.Itcanresultinmorelaughter. B.Itcanmakeyoumoresensitive.C.It’slikelytocauseheartdisease. D.Itmayleadtomemoryrecovery.7.Whatdoesthelastsentenceofthepassagemean?A.Bymovingaroundyou’rechangingyourmood.B.Motionbringsaboutgreatchangetoyouremotion.C.Youremotioncanbeimprovedbymovingalot.D.Humorhasbothphysicalandpsychologicaleffects.【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.B【解析】【導語】本文是說明文。笑在很多方面都是我們的通用語言。文章通過一個笑瑜伽教練闡述人笑對我們是好事，笑可以減輕壓力，改善我們的免疫系統，減輕疼痛?！?題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段的“JeannetteSanger,alaughteryogainstructorfromNewYork,experiencedthelatterbenefitlastsummer.(JeannetteSanger，來自紐約的笑聲瑜伽教練，去年夏天經歷了后一種好處。)”可知，JeannetteSanger是一個瑜伽教練。故選D。【5題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段的“Shewascookingwhenapotofboilingwateroverflowedandhurtherleg.“Itwaspainful,”shesaid,butsheforcedherselftouseherownskillsasmedicineandtriedlaughingtoreducethepain.(她正在做飯，突然一壺開水溢出來，弄傷了她的腿?！昂芡纯?，”她說，但她強迫自己用自己的醫術，試著用笑來減輕痛苦。)”可知，JeannetteSanger笑是為了緩解疼痛。故選C。【6題詳解】細節理解題。根據倒數第二段的“In2014,researchersatCalifornia’sLomaLindaUniversityfoundthatolderadultswhowatchfunnyvideosshowimprovementintheirpowersofrecallandshowlowerstresslevels.(2014年，加州洛馬琳達大學的研究人員發現，觀看搞笑視頻的老年人記憶力有所提高，壓力水平也較低。)”可知，幽默可以幫助人們恢復記憶。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據前文“‘Laughingisawayoflearninghowtoplayagain,’Sangersaid.Sanger’sclassesstartoutwithsimplebreathingandmovementactivities.(桑格說:“笑是學習如何再次玩耍的一種方式?！鄙８竦恼n程從簡單的呼吸和運動活動開始。)”可知，桑格的笑瑜伽課以簡單的呼吸和運動開始，說明運動可以對情緒有好的影響，因此推斷她說“運動可以創造情緒”的意思是說運動會極大地改變你的情緒。故選B。CInmanycases,onlineclassescanbeagifttocollegestudentseverywhere.They’redifferentfromtraditionalclassesinmanyways,whichcanbeawelcomereliefforstudents.Onethingthatmanycollegestudentsprobablydislikeabouttraditionalin-personclassesisthatthey’reinflexible.Whateverclassyouhave,thereisusuallyaspecificscheduleyouneedtofollowandyoumustattendtheclassinperson.Bycontrast,onlineclassesaremuchmoreflexible.Theydon’trequireyoutoattendclassesataparticulartime,whichmeansyouhavetheopportunitytodoyourworkwheneveryouseefit.Ofcourse,thiscomeswithapossibledisadvantageifyouaren’tthebestatmanagingyourtime.However,ifyouareefficientatmanagingyourownscheduleandgettingyourassignmentsandstudyingdoneinatimelymanner,thenonlineclassesareagreatoptionforyou.Flexibilitywithyourclassesgivesyouthechancetomaketimeforotherimportantthingsinyourlife.Notonlyareonlineclassesflexible,buttheyalsoofferacomfortableenvironmentinwhichyoucanlearn.Becauseyoudon’thavetophysicallyattendclasses,you’llhavethechancetoworkfromwhereveryouwant.Soifyoupreferlearningandgettingworkdoneinacafe,gotoacafe.Ifyouwouldratherdoyourworkinyourbedroom,youhavethefreedomtodothat.Anothergreatthingaboutonlineclassesisthattherearequiteavarietytochoosefrom.Youcanfindpracticallyanydegreeprogramyouwantonlinetohelpyouadvanceinyoureducationandcareer.Thecostsofacollegeeducationdefinitelyaddupwhenyouconsiderexpensesfornotonlyclasscredits,butalsoperhapson-campushousing,textbooks,mealplans,andotherfees.Whenitcomestoonlineclasses,however,youdon’thavetoworryaboutallthoseextraexpenses.Asaresult,onlineclassesmaybeagoodchoiceifyou’relookingtogodownamoreaffordableroute.8.Whichisthestructureofthepassage?A. B. C. D.9.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsonlinelearningaccordingtoparagraph3?ANeutral. B.Supportive. C.Negative. D.Critical.10.Whatmaybeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.WhyonlinelessonsarebecomingpopularB.HowonecanmakegooduseofonlineclassesCWhocanbenefitgreatlyfromonlinelearningD.Whatstudentsloveabouttakingonlineclasses11.Whoaretheintendedreadersofthepassage?A.Onlineeducators. B.Universitystudents.C.Onlinemasters. D.Computerprogrammers.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.B【解析】【導語】本文為說明文，主要講述了在線課堂受歡迎的原因?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。第一段引出在線課堂這一話題，二、三段主要講述在線課堂的靈活性，第四段的“Notonlyareonlineclassesflexible,buttheyalsoofferacomfortableenvironmentinwhichyoucanlearn(在線課堂不僅靈活，而且提供了一個舒適的學習環境)”講述在先課堂提供了一個舒適的學習環境。第五段的“Anothergreatthingaboutonlineclassesisthattherearequiteavarietytochoosefrom(在線課堂的另一個好處是有很多種可供選擇)”講述在線課堂的多樣性，第六段的“Whenitcomestoonlineclasses,however,youdon’thavetoworryaboutallthoseextraexpenses(然而，當談到在線課程時，你不必擔心所有的額外費用)”講述在線課堂的費用。第二和第三段與四、五、六并列，在講述在線課堂的優勢，故選A項。【9題詳解】判斷推理題。結合第三自然段中“onlineclassesaremuchmoreflexible(在線課程更加靈活)”可知，作者在講述在線課堂的靈活性，對人們來說很方遍。由此推知，作者是支持的態度，故選B項?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。結合第四段的“Notonlyareonlineclassesflexible,buttheyalsoofferacomfortableenvironmentinwhichyoucanlearn(在線課堂不僅靈活，而且提供了一個舒適的學習環境)”，第五段的“Anothergreatthingaboutonlineclassesisthattherearequiteavarietytochoosefrom(在線課堂的另一個好處是有很多種可供選擇)”，和第六段的“Whenitcomestoonlineclasses,however,youdon’thavetoworryaboutallthoseextraexpenses(然而，當談到在線課程時，你不必擔心所有的額外費用)”可知，全文都在講述在線課堂的優勢，D選項“Whatstudentsloveabouttakingonlineclasses(學生喜歡在線課堂的原因)”可以作為本文最佳標題，故選D項?！?1題詳解】判斷推理題。結合第一段“Inmanycases,onlineclassescanbeagifttocollegestudentseverywhere(在很多情況下，在線課堂可以成為各地大學生的禮物)”推知，文章寫給大學生，故選B項。DWhenparentsask“Whatgradedidyouget?”,thereisacommonfollow-upquestion:“Sowhogotthehighestgrade?”Manyeducatorsselectandpubliclyannounce“thebeststudent”inaclassorschool.Adultspraisechildrenforoutperformingothers.Sportstournamentsawardthosewhosurpassothers.Thepracticeofmakingsocialcomparisonsissocommonindailylifethatthenegativeeffectscausedbysocialcomparisonsareusuallyignored.Onewell-knownstrategytogetridofsocialcomparisonsistoprovidechildrenwithparticipationawards,whichmeanschildrengetthesameprizedespitetheirperformance.Suchawards,however,maynotabolishsocialcomparisons.High-performingchildrenmayfeelunjustlytreatedandlookdownonthelattergroup.Moregenerallythosewhoreceiveunwarranted(無正當理由的)rewardsmaycometobelievetheydeservetoreceivetherecognition.How,then,canwemakechildrenfeelproudofthemselvesandmotivatethemwithouttheunwantedsideeffects?Abetterapproachistousetemporalcomparisons-encouragingchildrentocomparethemselveswiththeirpastselfratherthanwithothers.Researchersrecentlyconductedastudy,where583childrenwereaskedtodoareading-and-writingexercisedesignedtoinfluencethekindofcomparisonstheywouldmake:socialcomparisonsortemporalcomparisons.Resultsshowedchildrenwhocomparedthemselveswithotherssaidtheywantedtobesuperiortosuchpeople,whilethosewhocomparedthemselveswiththeirpastselfsaidtheywantedtoimproveratherthanbesuperior.Temporalcomparisonschangedchildren’sgoalsawayfromadesireforsuperiorityandtowardself-improvement.What,then,canparentsandteachersdowiththisknowledge?Parentsandteacherscanpraisechildren’simprovementovertimetoletthemknowtheyaremakingprogress.Also,teacherscancreatelearningcontextsthattrackchildren’sownprogressovertime,suchasreportcardsthatdisplaytheirchangesinlearningandperformance.Ofcourse,temporalcomparisonsarenotapanacea;weshouldneverpushchildrentoomuchtoimprovethemselves.Theroadtowardself-improvementispavedwithstrugglesandsetbacks.Ratherthanmakingchildrenfeelbadforthosefailures,weshouldencouragethemtolearnfromtheirimperfectpastself-andthushelpyoungstersbecomebetterthanbefore.12.Whatcanweknowaboutthestrategymentionedinparagraph2?A.Itisinhigh-performingchildren’sfavor.B.Itstressestheimportanceofteamwork.C.Itmaymakeallthechildrenmoreconfident.D.Itmaydiscouragehigh-performingchildren.13.Whatdoestheresearchfindingsuggest?A.Childrenhaveadesiretofeelproudofthemselves.B.Temporalcomparisonsmakeforself-improvement.C.Childrenneedtobeexposedtovariouscomparisons.D.Socialcomparisonsgivechildrenasenseofsuperiority.14.Whatdoestheunderlined“panacea”mostprobablymean?A.Cure-all. B.Routine. C.Priority. D.Benefit.15.Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthoragreewith?A.Failurecanbeavoidedbyequality. B.Comparisonswillleadtofailure.C.Failureisanopportunitytolearn. D.Comparisonsaredifficulttoabolish.【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.C【解析】【導語】本文為說明文。文章主要介紹可以通過時間比較來激勵孩子們成長?！?2題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段中“High-performingchildrenmayfeelunjustlytreated（表現優異的孩子可能會感到受到不公正的對待）”可知，該策略（參與獎）會讓表現優異的孩子感到沮喪，故選D項?！?3題詳解】細節理解題。根據第四段的“Temporalcomparisonschangedchildren’sgoalsawayfromadesireforsuperiorityandtowardself-improvement（時間上的比較改變了孩子們的目標，使他們不再追求優越感，而是追求自我提升）”可知，時間比較有助于自我提升，故選B項。【14題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據最后一段中“Theroadtowardself-improvementispavedwithstrugglesandsetbacks.（自我完善的道路是由斗爭和挫折鋪成的）”可知，通往自我完善的道路很艱難，時間比較不是萬靈藥。由此猜測劃線詞意為“萬靈藥”。故選A項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段“Ratherthanmakingchildrenfeelbadforthosefailures,weshouldencouragethemtolearnfromtheirimperfectpastself-andthushelpyoungstersbecomebetterthanbefore（我們不應該讓孩子們為這些失敗感到難過，而是應該鼓勵他們從過去不完美的自我中學習，從而幫助孩子們變得比以前更好）”推知，作者認為失敗是學習的機會。故選C項。第二節（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowtobefunnyHumorcanhelpyouconnectwithotherpeopleandmakeunpleasantsituationsalittlemorebearable.Beingfunnymightseemlikeittakesalotofwork,butit’sactuallynotthathardonceyoutapintoyourinnersenseofhumor.____16____Learnalittleaboutwhatmakesyoulaugh.Laughteritselfisunconscious.Whileit’spossibleforustokeepourselvesfromlaughing,itisveryhardforustoproducelaughterondemand,anddoingsowillusuallyseem“forced”.Fortunately,laughterisverycontagious.____17____Learntolaughinboringorunfunnycircumstances.It’sgoodtoknowthatthelessfunnyaplaceis,theeasieritbecomestoaddtheelementofhumoroussurprise.____18____ThisiswhyTheOffice,theoriginallyaBBC2showthatwasremadebyNBC,usesanofficeasitssetting:it’saboutasboringasitgets.We’renotusedtolookingatanofficeasafunnyplace,sowhenitisfunny,it’sespeciallyfunny.____19____Beingfunnydoesn’tcomeina“one-size-fits-all”package.Whatmakesyoufunnyisuniquetoyouandthewayyouobservetheworld.Trustthatyoudohaveafunnybone.____20____Andallchildrenexpresshumornaturallyfromkindergartenageusinghumortoentertainthemselvesandothers.It’salreadyinyou-youjustneedtobringitout!A.Trustinyourinnersenseofhumor.B.Asbabieswelaughfromfourmonthsofage.C.Maybeyoudon’tthinkyou’renaturallyfunny.D.Studieshaveshownthathumormakesuslaughthemost.E.Therearethingsyoucandotomakeyourselfandotherpeoplelaugh.F.Inasocialcontext,it’seasytostartlaughingwhenothersarelaughing.G.Itmightbeeasiertogetpeopletolaughinanofficeworkplacethaninacomedyclub.【答案】16.E17.F18.G19.A20.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些有助于變得幽默的方法?！?6題詳解】根據上文“Humorcanhelpyouconnectwithotherpeopleandmakeunpleasantsituationsalittlemorebearable.Beingfunnymightseemlikeittakesalotofwork,butit’sactuallynotthathardonceyoutapintoyourinnersenseofhumor.(幽默可以幫助你與他人建立聯系，讓不愉快的情況變得更容易忍受。變得有趣可能看起來需要花很多功夫，但實際上，一旦你挖掘自己內在的幽默感，就沒有那么難了)”以及后文主要介紹了一些幽默的方法可知，幽默是有法可循的。故E選項“你可以做一些事情讓自己和別人發笑”符合語境，故選E。【17題詳解】根據上文“Fortunately,laughterisverycontagious.(幸運的是，笑聲是可以傳染的)”可知，本句為本段最后一句，應具體解釋笑聲是如何“傳染”的：當別人在笑的時候，你很容易開始笑。故F選項“在社交環境中，當別人在笑的時候，你很容易開始笑”符合語境，故選F?！?8題詳解】根據上文“Learntolaughinboringorunfunnycircumstances.It’sgoodtoknowthatthelessfunnyaplaceis,theeasieritbecomestoaddtheelementofhumoroussurprise.(學會在無聊或不好笑的情況下笑。知道一個地方越不有趣，就越容易添加幽默的驚喜元素是件好事)”以及后文“ThisiswhyTheOffice,theoriginallyaBBC2showthatwasremadebyNBC,usesanofficeasitssetting:it’saboutasboringasitgets.We’renotusedtolookingatanofficeasafunnyplace,sowhenitisfunny,it’sespeciallyfunny.(這就是為什么BBC2臺的電視劇《辦公室》被NBC翻拍后，將辦公室作為故事背景：辦公室非常無聊。我們不習慣把辦公室看成一個有趣的地方，所以當它很有趣的時候，它就會特別有趣)”可知，本句主要說明了辦公室是一個不有趣的地方，但當它很有趣的時候，它就會特別有趣。故G選項“在辦公室比在喜劇俱樂部更容易讓人發笑”符合語境，故選G?！?9題詳解】根據后文“Beingfunnydoesn’tcomeina“one-size-fits-all”package.Whatmakesyoufunnyisuniquetoyouandthewayyouobservetheworld.Trustthatyoudohaveafunnybone.(幽默并不是“一刀切”的東西。你之所以有趣，是因為你觀察世界的方式獨一無二。相信你有一根有趣的骨頭)”可知，后文提到了要相信自己，故A選項“相信你內心的幽默感”符合語境，故選A。【20題詳解】根據上文“Beingfunnydoesn’tcomeina“one-size-fits-all”package.Whatmakesyoufunnyisuniquetoyouandthewayyouobservetheworld.Trustthatyoudohaveafunnybone.(幽默并不是“一刀切”的東西。你之所以有趣，是因為你觀察世界的方式獨一無二。相信你有一根有趣的骨頭)”以及后文“Andallchildrenexpresshumornaturallyfromkindergartenage,usinghumortoentertainthemselvesandothers.It’salreadyinyou-youjustneedtobringitout!(所有的孩子從幼兒園開始就很自然地表達幽默，用幽默來娛樂自己和他人。它已經在你體內了，你只需要把它帶出來！)”可知，后文提到了孩子從幼兒園就能自然表達幽默，可知本句是在說明更早的時候人們是如何表現出幽默和歡樂的。故B選項“作為嬰兒，我們從四個月大的時候就開始笑”符合語境，故選B。第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節，滿分45分）第一節（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。ItwasonefineSaturdaywintereveningwhenIgotoffthebustovisitmyfriend’splacewhichwasarounda15-minutewalkfromthebusstop.I____21____aguywhoalsogotoffandstartedwalking____22____thesamewayasmine,butkeepinga____23____fromme.Themanwastallandstrong.Theroadwas____24____deserted.Afteraboutafive-minutewalk,Istartedgettingan____25____aboutwhyonearththisguywastakingtheexact____26____asmine.“Isheathieforarobber?”Ikept____27____.Afewminuteslater,the____28____wasstillthesame.Hewaswalkingbehindme.Myheartbeatbecamefaster.Istarted____29____thehousesonbothsidesoftheroad.“Willanybodycometomy_____30_____ifIcryforhelp?”Ithought.Finally,itwas_____31_____.Therewasanemptyplayground_____32_____andifsomethinghappenedthere,nobodywouldbeableto_____33_____me.SoIdecidedtowalkuptothenearesthouseandringthe_____34_____.Aladyansweredthedoor.Atthattime,themanwasalsocomingtowardsthe_____35_____house.Itoldtheladythattheguyhadbeenfollowingmeforthepast10minutes.I_____36_____hertohelpme.Tomyastonishment,theladywas_____37_____andthatguywasalsosmiling.“Heismyson.Heliveshere,”theladysaid.Theguyalsosmiledandsaidhecould_____38_____thatIwasafraidduringthewholewalkbutcouldn’t_____39_____aconversation.Ilaughedin_____40_____andtheguykindlyaccompaniedmetillmyfriend'shouse.21.A.urged B.encountered C.accompanied D.caught22.A.pointing B.finding C.asking D.following23.A.distance B.secret C.pace D.step24.A.hardly B.initially C.purely D.mostly25.A.expectation B.anxiety C.enthusiasm D.wisdom26.A.traffic B.number C.way D.care27.A.interrupting B.wondering C.debating D.judging28.A.circumstance B.person C.place D.time29.A.breakinginto B.knockingon C.lookingat D.checkingin30.A.view B.mind C.power D.rescue31.A.convenient B.unbearable C.unbelievable D.fortunate32.A.ahead B.behind C.above D.below33.A.recognize B.witness C.help D.believe34.A.phone B.police C.agent D.bell35.A.opposite B.lonely C.same D.only36.A.demanded B.encouraged C.told D.asked37.A.excited B.amused C.confused D.embarrassed38.A.spot B.hear C.promise D.sense39.A.initiate B.interrupt C.interact D.enjoy40.A.relief B.disappointment C.surprise D.comfort【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.B26.C27.B28.A29.C30.D31.B32.A33.C34.D35.C36.D37.B38.D39.A40.A【解析】【導語】本文為記敘文，主要講述了某一天晚上，作者以為被壞人跟蹤，結果，是一場誤會?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我遇到一個家伙，他也下車，開始跟我走同樣的路，但與我保持距離。A.urged強烈要求；B.encountered遇到；C.accompanied陪伴；D.caught抓住。結合前文“Igotoffthebus”和后文“aguywhoalsogotoff”可知，我和那個人都下車了，表示“遇到一個人”，故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我遇到一個家伙，他也下車，開始跟我走同樣的路，但與我保持距離。A.pointing指向；B.finding發現；C.asking要求；D.following跟隨。結合后文“Itoldtheladythattheguyhadbeenfollowingmeforthepast10minutes”可知，這個家伙一直跟在我后面，故選D項?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我遇到一個家伙，他也下車，開始跟我走同樣的路，但與我保持距離。A.distance距離；B.secret秘密；C.pace速度；D.step腳步。結合后文“Hewaswalkingbehindme”可知，他一直和我保持距離，故選A項?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這條路完全沒有人。A.hardly幾乎不；B.initially最初；C.purely完全地；D.mostly主要地。結合下文“Myheartbeatbecamefaster”可知，“我”越來越緊張，可以推斷出這條路上一個人也沒有，故選C項?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：大約走了五分鐘后，我開始焦慮，到底為什么這家伙會走和我一模一樣的路。A.expectation期待；B.anxiety焦慮；C.enthusiasm熱情；D.wisdom聰明。結合下文“Isheathieforarobber?”可知，“我”猜測他是一個小偷或搶劫犯，我開始擔心，故選B項。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：大約走了五分鐘后，我開始焦慮，到底為什么這家伙會走和我一模一樣的路。A.traffic交通；B.number數字；C.way道路；D.care照顧。結合上文“thesamewayasmine”可知，走的是同樣的一條路，故選C項?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“他是小偷還是強盜？”我一直在想。A.interrupting打斷；B.wondering想知道；C.debating辯論；D.judging判斷。結合上文“Isheathieforarobber?”可知，“我”一直想知道這是什么人，故選B項?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幾分鐘后，情況依然如此。A.circumstance情況；B.person人；C.place地方；D.time時間。結合上文“aguywhoalsogotoffandstartedwalking____2____thesamewayasmine,”和下文“Hewaswalkingbehindme.”可知，他始終跟在我身后，故選A項?！?9題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：我開始看路兩邊的房子。A.breakinginto闖入；B.knockingon敲門；C.lookingat看；D.checkingin入住。結合語境可以推測，“我”看向路旁的房子，希望有人可以幫助我，故選C項。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我呼救，會有人來救我嗎？A.view視野；B.mind想法；C.power力量；D.rescue援救。結合下文“I____16____hertohelpme”可知，“我”希望有人來幫助“我”，故選D項?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，這是無法忍受的。A.convenient方便的；B.unbearable無法忍受的；C.unbelievable難以置信的；D.fortunate幸運的。結合下文“herewasanemptyplayground”可知，前方很空曠，沒人會幫助“我”，這是無法承受的，故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：前面有一個空曠的操場，如果那里發生了什么事，沒有人能幫助我。A.ahead在前面；B.behind在后面；C.above在上面；D.below在下面。結合語境可知，“我”一直在向前走路，故表示“在前面有一個操場”，故選A項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：前面有一個空曠的操場，如果那里發生了什么事，沒有人能幫助我。A.recognize辨認出；B.witness目擊；C.help幫助；D.believe相信。結合下文“I____16____hertohelpme”可知，此處表示“幫助我”，故選C項?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所以我決定走到最近的房子，按門鈴。A.phone電話；B.police警察；C.agent代理人；D.bell門鈴。結合下文“Aladyansweredthedoor.”可知，“我”按響門鈴，故選D項?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當時，這名男子也正朝著同一棟房子走來。A.opposite對面的；B.lonely孤獨的；C.same相同的；D.only唯一的。結合下文“Heismyson.Heliveshere”可知，“我”和那個人走向了同一棟房子，故選C項?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我請求她幫助我。A.demanded要求；B.encouraged鼓勵；C.told告訴；D.asked請求。結合上文“Icryforhelp”可知，“我”請求別人幫助，故選D項。【37題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：令我驚訝的是，這位女士被逗樂了，而那位男士也在微笑。A.excited興奮的；B.amused被逗笑的；C.confused困惑的；D.embarrassed尷尬的。結合下文“andthatguywasalsosmiling”可知，女士被逗樂了，故選B項?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這名男子還笑著說，他能感覺到我在整個行走過程中感到害怕，但無法發起對話。A.spot發現；B.hear聽到；C.promise承諾；D.sense感覺。結合上文“Theguyalsosmiledandsaid”和“Iwasafraidduringthewholewalk”可知，這名男子感覺到“我”很害怕，故選D項?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這名男子還笑著說，他能感覺到我在整個行走過程中感到害怕，但無法發起對話。A.initiate發起；B.interrupt促打斷；C.interact互動；D.enjoy享受。結合上文可知，“我”和這名男子全程沒有說一句話，此處表示“發起對話”，故選A項?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我松了一口氣笑了起來，那家伙親切地陪我到朋友家。A.relief安心；B.disappointment失望；C.surprise驚訝；D.comfort安慰。結合“laughed”與下文“theguykindlyaccompaniedmetillmyfriend'shouse”可知，“我”松了一口氣，故選A項。第二節（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空