世紀(jì)商務(wù)英語(yǔ)-外貿(mào)英語(yǔ)實(shí)務(wù)答案Unit11.FInternationaltradeisonlytheexchangeofgoodsbetweennations.2.TCountriestradewitheachotherpartlybecauseofcostadvantages.3.TTrademeanscountriescanprovideawidervarietyofproductsfortheirconsumers4.TInternationaltradecangreatlyexpandthemarket,whichenablesthesupplierstotakeadvantageofeconomiesofscale.5.TExchangeratefluctuationsmaycreatemanyproblemsforinternationaltrade.ExchangeratefluctuationsmaycreatemanyproblemsforinternationaltradeTStillinsomecases,politicalreasonscanoutweigheconomicconsiderationsbetweencountries.TWhenweprovideshippinginsuranceserviceforforeigners,itcanbeseenasanexampleofinvisibletrade.8.FTradesurplusmeansthatacountry’simportsexceeditsexports.9.TTariffandquotasaretheexamplesoftradebarriers.10.TAdutyleviedonaspecificshipmentcanbeanimport,aprotectiveandacompounddutyatthesametime. isthereasonwhyinternationaltradefirstbegan.a.Unevendistributionofresourcesc.Economicbenefitb.Patternofdemandd.ComparativeadvantageIfonecountryconcentratesontheproductionofthegoodsinwhichithasacomparativeadvantage,andproducesmorethanitcanuse,thenitwillsellthelefttoothercountries.Thisreasonforinternationaltradeiscalled .a.economiesofscalec.specializationb.varietyofstyled.patternsofdemandTheproductioncostwilldecreaseifthegoodsareproducedonalargescale.Thisiscalled .a.economiesofscalec.specializationb.varietyofstyled.patternsofdemand4.Thefollowingsarethespecialproblemsforinternationaltradeexceptfor .a.usingforeignlanguagesandforeigncurrencyc.havingrisksb.underforeignlaws,customsandregulationsd.numerousculturaldifferences referstoanexchangeofservices,labororothernon-physicalgoodsbetweencountries.a.Invisibletradec.Internationaltradeb.Visibletraded.BalanceoftradeInvisibletradeconsistsofthefollowingitemsexceptfor .ductexchangeacrossnationalborders isthedifferencebetweenthevalueofthegoodsandservicesthatacountryexportsandthevalueofthegoodsandservicesthatitimports.a.Tradebalancec.Tradedeficitb.Tradesurplusd.TradebarrierEachcountryhastoearn topayforimports.a.moneyc.cashb.foreignexchanged.currency iscollectedaccordingtophysicalquantity.a.Revenuetariffc.Specificdutyb.Protectiontariffd.AlternativedutyWhichisnottheexampleoftradebarriers? Tariffsc.Importdutiesb.Quotasd.Incometaxinternationaltradecomparativeadvantage3.economiesofscale4.economicgrowth5.foreigncurrency6.有形visibletrade7.invisibletrade8.balanceoftrade9.tradesurplus10.tradedeficit11.貿(mào)易tradebarrier12..non-tariffbarrier13.revenuetariff14.保護(hù)關(guān)稅revenuetariff15.進(jìn)口關(guān)稅importduty16.出口關(guān)稅exportduty17.specificduty18.Advaloremduty19.importlicense20.quota翻譯Internationaltrade,alsoknownasworldtrade,foreigntradeoroverseastrade,istheexchangeofgoodsandservicesbetweencountries.國(guó)際貿(mào)易，又稱世界貿(mào)易、對(duì)外貿(mào)易或海外貿(mào)易，是國(guó)與國(guó)之間商品和服務(wù)的交換交換。Trademayoccurbecauseofeconomiesofscale,thatis,thecostadvantagesoflarge-scaleproduction.貿(mào)易可能源于規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)，即大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)帶來(lái)的成本優(yōu)勢(shì)。Visibletradereferstoexportsandimportsofgoods,whileinvisibletradereferstoanexchangeofservices,labororothernon-physicalgoodsbetweencountries.4.Ifacountry’sexportsexceeditsimports,ithasatradesurplusandthetradebalanceissaidtobepositive.Ifimportsexceedexports,thecountryhasatradedeficitanditstradebalanceissaidtobenegative.如果出口大于進(jìn)口，即為貿(mào)易順差，稱為出超；如果進(jìn)口大于出口，則為貿(mào)易逆差，稱為入超。Atariffisataxleviedonacommoditywhenitcrossestheboundaryofacustomsareawhichusuallycoincides