書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區的她考研考博-英語-上海海事職業技術學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.單選題

Eventhecleverestuseoftimemanagementtechniquesispowerlessto_______thesumofminutesinaperson’slife(over52million,optimisticallyassumingalifeexpectancyof100years),sopeoplesqueezeasmuchastheycouldintoeachoneofthem.

問題1選項

A.augment

B.quantify

C.enrich

D.justify

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項augment“增加，增大”；B選項quantify“確定數量”；C選項enrich“使充實；使富足”；D選項justify“證明正確；對……作出解釋”。句意：即使是最巧妙的時間管理技巧也無法_______人的生命中的時間總和（5200萬分鐘以上，樂觀地假設壽命為100歲），所以人們盡可能地抓緊每一分鐘。根據語境，這里指的是時間管理技巧不能讓人們的時間變多，所以augment“增加”符合題意。因此A選項正確。

2.單選題

The____ofwomentomenatmycollegeisabouttwotoone.

問題1選項

A.rate

B.proportion

C.portion

D.percentage

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.rate比率B.proportion比例

C.portion部分D.percentage百分率

【答案】B

【考查點】名詞辨析

【解題思路】根據原句中“女生和男生的____”以及“大約二比一”可知，空格處應填入的是女生和男生的比例，因此，B選項proportion“比例”符合題意，proportion可以指一個量與另一個量的比值。

【干擾項排除】

A選項rate“比率”，側重于指在某一特定時期內某事物發生或存在的次數；

C選項portion“部分”，側重于指整體中的一部分；

D選項percentage“百分率”，側重于指部分在整體中的占比（用百分比表示）。

【句意】在我的大學里男女比例大約是一比二。

3.單選題

Thetwomostimportant（

）inmakingacakeareflourandsugar.

問題1選項

A.elements

B.components

C.ingredients

D.constituents

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項elements“元素，要素”；B.選項components“部件，零件”；C選項ingredients“原料，材料”；D選項constituents“成分”。句意：做蛋糕最重要的（）是面粉和糖。蛋糕與面粉和糖之間一個是成品，另一個是原料，所以這里答案選C。D選項特指化學成分，所以不能選。

4.單選題

Her30-yearstudyoftheGombeNationalParkchimpanzeesisthelargestcontinuousfieldprojecteverrecorded.Ithasmadeher—andthechimpanzees—aliving______,earningherhonorarydegrees,doctoratesandwildlifeconservationawardsallovertheworld.

問題1選項

A.legend

B.specimen

C.maximum

D.document

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項legend“傳奇”；B選項specimen“樣本”；C選項maximum“最大限度”；D選項document“文件”。句意：她花了30年研究貢貝國家公園里的黑猩猩，是有記錄以來規模最大的連續野外研究項目。這讓她和黑猩猩們成為活生生的______，并獲得了世界各地的榮譽學位、博士學位和野生動物保護獎。這個項目是有記錄以來規模最大的連續野外研究項目，超出了人們的想象，A選項legend“傳奇”符合題意。因此A選項正確。

5.單選題

Thegovernessagreedtoteachthetemperamentalchild______shewasgivencompleteauthority.

問題1選項

A.that

B.provided

C.whether

D.for

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查從句。句意：______賦予那位女家教老師完全的支配權，她答應去教那個脾氣暴躁的孩子。橫線面前部分是主句，橫線后面部分是從句，根據語境，這里是一個條件狀語從句，A選項that可引導賓語從句、定語從句、同位語從句等；B選項provided“假如，在……條件下，前提是”引導條件狀語從句；C選項whether意思為“是否”時引導主語從句、賓語從句等，意思為“不論”時引導讓步狀語從句；D選項for“因為”引導原因狀語從句。根據語境，教這個脾氣暴躁的孩子是有挑戰的事情，那位教師只有擁有完全的掌控權，她才肯做這件事，B選項provided“假如，在……條件下，前提是”符合題意。D選項for“因為”在這里不如B選項provided符合語境。因此B選項正確。

6.單選題

Onesignthatsheismakingprogressinartcoursessuchaspaintingorphotographyis______shebeginstorealizehowmuchthereistolearn.

問題1選項

A.that

B.when

C.while

D.as

【答案】A

【解析】考查表語從句。根據句子結構可知，is是句子的系動詞，所以跟在系動詞后面的是表語從句，that可以引導表語從句。B項when表示時間，放在空格處不符合語境；C項和D項不能引導表語從句。句意：她在繪畫或攝影等藝術課程上取得進步的一個標志是，她開始意識到還有很多東西要學。因此，該題選擇A項。

7.單選題

Bythetimethatdisputewasresolved,relationsbetweenserviceandmanagementhadbeenpoisoned.

問題1選項

A.disdained

B.retained

C.tainted

D.stained

【答案】C

【解析】句意：在爭端得到解決時，服務和管理之間的關系已經被破壞。poisoned意為破壞，摧毀。disdained鄙棄；retained保留，保存；tainted污染的，感染的；stained玷污的，著色的。選項C最符合原句語境，所以正確。

8.單選題

Mansonwasascientistofunusual（）andimaginationwhohadstartlingsuccessin（）newandfundamentalprincipleswellinadvanceoftheirgeneralrecognition.

問題1選項

A.restiveness,acknowledging

B.precision,coordinating

C.candor,dispelling

D.insight,discerning

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞和動詞辨析。A選項restiveness,acknowledging“難以駕御；倔強”，“承認；答謝；報償；告知已收到”；B選項precision,coordinating“精度，精密度；精確”，“調節，配合；使動作協調；（衣服、家具等）搭配；與……形成共價鍵”；C選項candor,dispelling“坦白；直率”；“驅散，驅逐；消除（煩惱等）”；D選項insight,discerning“洞察力；洞悉”，“覺察出；識別；辨別；了解；隱約看見”。句意：作為一位科學家，馬里遜具有非凡的洞悉力和想象力，遠在某些全新的基本原理被人們普遍認識之前，他早就能夠成功地令人吃驚地將其察覺發現。因此D選項正確。

9.單選題

FarmlandinpartsofJapanisnolongersafebecauseofhighlevelsofradiationinthesoil,scientistshavewarned,asthecountrystrugglestorecoverfromtheFukushimaatomicdisaster.Ateamofinternationalresearcherssaidfoodproductionwouldlikelybe"severelyimpaired"bytheelevatedlevelsofcaesium（放射性銫）foundinsoilsamplesacrosseasternFukushimainthewakeofmeltdownsatthetsunami-hitplant.Thestudysuggestsfarminginneighboringareasmayalsosufferbecauseofradiation,althoughlevelsdiscoveredtherewerewithinlegallimits."Fukushimaareaasawholeishighlypolluted,*'especiallytothenorthwestofthenuclearpowerplant,theresearcherssaid.Thestudylookedatcaesium-137,whichhasahalf-lifeof30yearsandthereforeaffectstheenvironmentfordecades.

Thelegallimitforconcentrationsinsoilwherericeisgrownofthesumofcaesium-134andcaesium-137,whicharealwaysproducedtogether,is5,000becquerelsperkilograminJapan.‘TheeastFukushimaareaexceededthislimitandsomeneighboringareassuchasMiyagi,TochigiandIbarakiarepartiallyclosetothelimitunderourupper-boundestimate,"thestudysaid."EstimatedandobservedpollutioninthewesternpartsofJapanwerenotasserious,eventhoughsomeareaswerelikelyaffectedtosomeextent,"itadded.

"Concentrationintheseareasarebelow25becquerelsperkilogram,whichisfarbelowthethresholdforfarming.However,westronglyrecommendeachareatoquicklycarryoutsomesupplementarysoilsamplingsatcitylevelstovalidateourestimates."

Thestudysaid‘foodproductionineasternFukushimaareaislikelyseverelyimpairedbythecaesium-137loadsofmorethan2,500becquerelsperkilogram’.

ThestudywasledbyTeppeiYasunarioftheUniversitiesSpaceResearchAssociationintheUSstateofMaryland.Heandhisteamuseddailyobservationsin.eachJapaneseareaandcomputer-simulatedparticledispersion,modelsbasedonweatherpatterns.

JapanhasbeenonalertfortheimpactofradiationsinceanearthquakeandresultingtsunamistruckthenortheastofthecountryonMarch11,damagingtheFukushimaDaiichinuclearpowerplant.Itscoolingsystemswereknockedofflineandreactorsweresentintomeltdown,resultingintheleakingofradiation,intotheair,oceansandfoodchain.

ShipmentsofanumberoffarmproductsfromtheaffectedregionswerestoppedandeventhosethatwerenotsubjecttoofficialcontrolshavefoundlittlefavorwithJapaneseconsumerscautiousofthepotentialhealtheffects.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementiscorrect?

2.Fukushimaatomicdisaster’sdirectcauseis（

）.

3.Theradiationdidn’tgointo

（

）.

4.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whichattitudedoestheJapanesehave?

問題1選項

A.Japanesefarmlandisnolongersafebecauseoftheneighboringfarmlandishighlypolluted.

B.Theconcentrationsinsoilofthesumofcaesium.-134andcaesium-137cannotexceed5,000becquerelsperkilogram.

C.Miyagi,TochigiandIbarakiareasexceedthelegallimitforconcentrationsinsoil.

D.Japaneseconsumersfromaffectedregionsdon’tworryaboutthepotentialhealtheffectsofthefoodatall.

問題2選項

A.thefallingoftheFukushimaDaiichinuclearpowerplant

B.thehurricane

C.thefoodproductionis“severelyimpaired’

D.notmentioned

問題3選項

A.theocean

B.theair

C.thecoolingsystem

D.thefoodchain

問題4選項

A.Angry.

B.Worried.

C.Scared.

D.Unconcerned.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

【解析】1.A選項表達太絕對，排除，C選項根據第二段‘someneighboringareassuchasMiyagi,TochigiandIbarakiarepartiallyclosetothelimitunderourupper-boundestimate,"確定是’接近于‘不是’超過‘所以排除，D選項根據最后一段’ShipmentsofanumberoffarmproductsfromtheaffectedregionswerestoppedandeventhosethatwerenotsubjecttoofficialcontrolshavefoundlittlefavorwithJapaneseconsumerscautiousofthepotentialhealtheffects.來自受影響地區的一些農產品已被停止發貨，即便是那些不受官方控制的農產品，也沒有得到日本消費者的青睞，他們擔心這些農產品可能對健康造成影響。確定與原文不符，排除，所以B選項正確。

2.文章第一段提到Fukushimaatomicdisaster，但是全文并沒有提及原因，所以D選項符合題意。

3.根據文章倒數第二段最后一句‘Itscoolingsystemswereknockedofflineandreactorsweresentintomeltdown,resultingintheleakingofradiation,intotheair,oceansandfoodchain.破壞的福島核電站反應堆冷卻系統是把線下和被派往崩潰,導致輻射泄漏,進入空氣,海洋和食物鏈。可知ABD選項正確，C選項沒有提及，選擇C。

4.通過閱讀全文以及最后一段，可以知道日本人對這個問題是擔心的，所以B選項符合題意。

10.單選題

Thereareover6,000differentcomputerandonlinegamesintheworldnow.Asegmentofthemareconsideredtobebotheducationalandharmlesslyentertaining.Onesuchgameteachesgeography,andanothertrainspilots.Otherstraintheplayerinlogicalthinkingandproblemsolving.Somegamesmayalsohelpyoungpeopletobecomemorecomputerliterate,whichismoreimportantinthistechnology-drivenera.

Butthedarksideofthecomputergameshasbecomemoreandmoreobvious.“Asegmentofgamesfeaturesanti-socialthemesofviolence,sexandcrudelanguage,”saysDavidWalsh,presidentoftheNationalInstituteonMediaandFamily.“Unfortunately,it’sasegmentthatseemsparticularlypopularwithkidsagedeighttofifteen.”

Onestudyshowedthatalmost80percentofthecomputerandonlinegamesyoungpeoplepreferredcontainedviolence.Theinvestigatorssaid,“Thesearenotjustgamesanymore.Thesearelearningmachines.We’reteachingkidsinthemostincrediblemannerwhatit’sliketopullthetrigger.Whattheyarenotlearningarethereal-lifeconsequences.’’

Theyalsosaid,"Thenewandmoresophisticatedgamesareevenworse,becausetheyhavebettergraphicsandallowtheplayertoparticipateinevenmorerealisticviolentacts.”InthegameCarmageddon,forexample,theplayerwillhavedrivenoverandkilledupto33,000peoplebythetimealllevelsarecompleted.Adescriptionoftheoutcomeofthegamesays:“Yourvictimsnotonlysquishunderyourtiresandsplatterbloodonthewindshield.Theyalsogetontheirkneesandbegformercy,orcommitsuicide.Ifyoulike,youcanalsodismemberthem.”

Isallthissimulatedviolenceharmful?Approximately3,000differentstudieshavebeenconductedonthissubject.Manyhavesuggestedthatthereisaconnectionbetweenviolenceingamesandincreasedaggressivenessintheplayers.

Somespecialistsdownplaytheinfluenceofthegames,sayingthatotherfactorsmustbetakenintoconsideration,suchasthepossibilitythatkidswhoalreadyhaveviolenttendenciesarechoosingsuchgames.Butcoulditbethatviolentgamesstillplayacontributingrole?Itseemsunrealistictoinsistthatpeoplearenotinfluencedbywhattheysee.Ifthatweretrue,whywouldthecommercialworldspendbillionsofdollarsannuallyfortelevisionadvertising?

1.WhichofthefollowingcomputergamesareNOTmentionedaseducationalandharmlesslyentertaining?（

）

2.Accordingtotheinvestigators,（

）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（

）.

4.Theauthoruses“televisionadvertising”asanexampletoshowthat（

）.

問題1選項

A.Thosethatteachhowtoflyanairplane.

B.Thosethatteachthefeaturesoftheearth.

C.Thosethathelppeopleusecomputerlanguage.

D.Thosethatteachcomputertechnology.

問題2選項

A.thenewandmoresophisticatedgamesallowtheplayerstotakepartinrealviolentacts

B.thenewandmoresophisticatedgamesteachtheplayershowtokillotherpeople

C.mostcomputerandonlinegamesmaketheplayersforgettherealliferesults

D.mostcomputerandonlinegamesmaycultivateyoungpeoplewithbadmanners

問題3選項

A.moreandmoreyoungpeopleenjoycruelcomputergames

B.itishardtofindevidenceofalinkbetweenviolenceandcomputergames

C.therearenowmoreincidentsofviolenceduetocomputergames

D.simulatedviolenceincomputergamesisdifferentfromrealviolence

問題4選項

A.thecommercialworldiscontributingtotheincreasedviolenceinreallife

B.computerandonlinegamesarenottheonlycauseofincreasedviolenceinreallife

C.thereisacloselinkbetweencomputergamesandincreasedviolenceinreallife

D.otherfactorsmustbeconsideredaspossiblecausesofviolenceinreallife

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:1.細節題。根據題干關鍵詞educationalandharmlesslyentertaining定位到第一段。首段第三句teachesgeography,trainspilots分別對應選項B和A；首段第五句helpyoungpeopletobecomemorecomputerliterate對應選項D，只有C項文中沒有提到。

2.細節題。文章第三段和第四段分別陳述了電子游戲和網絡游戲所帶來的負面影響。A、B、C項都是其表現，D項是前面選項的總結，即使青少年養成不良習慣。

3.邏輯推理。文章通篇都在講電子游戲和網絡游戲對青少年以及社會的負面影響。

4.細節題。根據題干關鍵詞“televisionadvertising”定位至最后一段。舉例是為了論證

peopleareinfluencedbywhattheysee（人們會受到所見內容的影響），也就是說，游戲會影響到人們的行為，暴力游戲可能讓人有暴力傾向，因此C選項正確。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

11.單選題

Thesaleusuallytakesplaceoutsidethehouse,withtheaudience（

）onbenches,chairsorboxes.

問題1選項

A.havingseated

B.seated

C.seating

D.havingbeenseated

【答案】B

【解析】考查非謂語動詞的用法。現在分詞通常強調動作的主動語態，而過去分詞強調狀態，強調被動語態或已經發生過的，根據句意‘促銷通常在戶外進行，人們坐在長凳、椅子或盒子上’確定B選項的seated表示坐的狀態，正確。

12.單選題

WhenIappliedunderEarlyDecisiontotheUniversityofPennsylvaniafouryearsago,Iwasmotivatedbytwopowerfulemotions:ambitionandfear.TheambitionwastofulfillmylifelongexpectationofattendinganIvyLeagueschool;thefearwasthatwithouttheadvantageofferedbyEarlyDecision,Iwouldn’tmakethecut.APennadmissionsofficertoldmethatthepreviousyeartheyhadaccepted45percentofEarlyDecisionapplicantsandjust29percentoftotalapplicants.Theimplicationwasclear:applyingunderEarlyDecisiondramaticallyimprovesyourchancesofacceptance.AtBrownUniversity,myotherfavorite,applyingearlydidnotconferanyadvantage.WhileBrownwasmyNo.1choice,Pennwasaclosesecond,andIdesperatelywantedtomakesureIgotintooneofthetwo.

IappliedjustbeforetheNov.1deadline,andsixweekslaterIgotmyacceptancepackage.Iwasthrilledandrelieved.Whilemyfriendsspentwintervacationfinishingasmanyas18applicationseach,Irelaxed.OnaschooltriptoFranceoverspringbreak,Idrankwinewhileeveryoneelsestruggledwithinternationalcallingcardstophonehomeandfindoutwherethey’dbeenaccepted.Peoplecriedaboutgettingrejected,orbeganthedifficultandagonizingprocessofchoosingbetweentwoormoreschools.Strangely,noneofthismademefeelbetterabouthavingappliedearly.Itmademefeelworse.WhenalotofpeoplefrommyclassgotintoBrown,IwonderedifI,too,couldhave.

Pennsentadiscombobulatingarrayofmaterialtoincomingfreshmenoverthesummer.Asthepileofmailmounted,sodidmyconcernsthatIhadmadethewrongchoice.IhadbeentoPennonlyoneday,inOctoberofmysenioryear.IrealizenowIdidnotknownearlyenoughaboutmyselfortheschool.Pickingclasseswasfarmorearcane（錯綜復雜的）thanIhadexpected（orthanitwouldhavebeenatasmallerschool）.AndwhenIgottothecampus,Ifoundthatfraternities（男生聯誼會）andsororities（女生聯誼會）wereamorenoticeableandobnoxiouspresencethanthe30percentstudentmembershiphadsuggestedtome.

Itwasn'tlongbeforeIknewPennwasnotrightformeandIlookedintotransferring.Forme,itwasaboutmorethanjustchangingschools.IwantedtohavethetraditionalapplicationexperienceI'dmissedoutonduringmyfirstgo-round.TheonlyschoolonmylistthatallowedtransfersduringthesecondsemesteroffreshmanyearwasWesleyan,soIwaitedoutthewholeyear,andthenappliedtoYale,BrownandWesleyan.IgotintoWesleyan.TheironythatIcouldhavegotteninsooner,withoutgettingrejectedbytheotherschools,wasnotlostonme.ButIknowImadetherightdecision.Irealizedearlydecisionisnotforeveryone.Betterthinkbeforeyouapply.

Tohigh-schoolseniorswhowanttoavoidmakingthesamemistakeIdid,myadviceissimple:don'tapplyunderEarlyDecisionunlessyouareabsolutelysurethattheschoolisyourfirstchoice.And,justasimportant,don’tletyourparentsorcollege-guidancecounselorspersuadeyoutoapplyunderEarlyDecision.Theymayhavetheirownagenda,oratleasttheirownperceptionofwhoyouareandwhatyouwant.AsIdiscovered,noonecanreallyknowwhatyouwantbetterthanyourself,andevenyoumayneedtimetofigureoutwhatthatis.

1.ThemainreasonsfortheauthortoapplyunderEarlyDecisionare（）.

2.ItcanbeinferredfromthetextthatthemainadvantageofEarlyDecisionisthat（）

3.Thedescriptionoftheauthor’sfeelingsinParagraph2showsthat（）.

4.Wecandrawaconclusionfromthetextthat（）.

5.Fromthetextwecanseethatthewriterseems（）.

問題1選項

A.prideandambition

B.dreamandfear

C.easinessandeffort-saving

D.trouble-savingandrelease

問題2選項

A.youcangraduatefromthehighschoolearlier

B.youdon'tworryabouttheresults

C.youneedn'ttaketheentranceexamination

D.you’remorelikelytobeaccepted

問題3選項

A.heissatisfiedwithhischoice

B.therearemanyadvantagesofbeingacceptedearlier

C.lesseffortisneededunderEarlyDecision

D.heishappywithanddoubtsabouthisdecision

問題4選項

A.afillconsiderationisneededbeforeapplying

B.studentsshouldavoidtheshortcut

C.aquickdecisionwilldoyounogood

D.theauthorshouldn'tapplyunderEarlyDecision

問題5選項

A.regretful

B.optimistic

C.gloomy

D.sensitive

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:1.細節事實題。題干詢問：作者根據“提前申請”原則申請學校主要是因為什么？根據原文第一段第一句“Iwasmotivatedbytwopowerfulemotions:ambitionandfear.”可知，我提前申請賓夕法尼亞大學主要是因為有兩種強烈的情感驅使我這么做：雄心和恐懼。因此，B項“夢想與恐懼”符合原文表述，故本題正確答案為B選項。

第2題:2.推理判斷題。題干詢問：從原文可以推斷出“提前申請”的主要優勢是什么？根據原文第一段第四句“Theimplicationwasclear:applyingunderEarlyDecisiondramaticallyimprovesyourchancesofacceptance.”可知，提前申請政策能大大提高被錄取的幾率，因此D選項“你更可能被錄取”符合原文內容，而其他三項在原文中均未提及，故本題正確答案為D選項。

第3題:3.細節事實題。題干詢問：作者在第二段中的情感描述是為了說明什么？首先，作者在第二段第二句講到“Iwasthrilledandrelieved”，說明作者在得知提前申請通過時，他很興奮也感到釋然”，而根據第二段第六句“Strangely,noneofthismademefeelbetterabouthavingappliedearly.Itmademefeelworse.WhenalotofpeoplefrommyclassgotintoBrown,IwonderedifI,too,couldhave.”可知，作者在看到其他同學因為申請其他學校或喜或憂的時候，他并沒覺得自己提前申請成功是什么高興的事，而當他看到班上有很多同學考上了布朗大學時，他又想知道如果自己也報考的話，能不能也考得上。由此可見，他對自己提前申請學校產生了懷疑。所以，綜合對比四個選項，只有D選項“他對自己的決定既開心又懷疑”最能概述原文信息，故本題正確答案為D選項。

第4題:4.推理判斷題。題干詢問：我們可以從文中總結出什么內容？原文首先講述了作者依據“提前申請”政策選擇了賓夕法尼亞大學，但在看到別人還在費盡心思通過學校申請時，他又產生了動搖，而在真正進入學校之后他發現自己不適合這所學校，所以最后又費勁轉學。作者通過自己的申請經驗得出結論：并不是每個人都適合提前申請學校。作者建議高三學生要思考一下自己想要什么，是不是真正適合提前申請學校，同時也不要輕易被他人的思想左右。因此，A選項“在申請之前，需要充分考慮”最符合原文內容表述；B選項“學生應該避免捷徑”表述錯誤，作者只是希望學生們可以多思考一下以免將來后悔自己的決定，并非不能通過這種方式進入大學；C選項“匆忙做決定無益”不可由文章總結得出，作者只是希望學生能從多方面考量之后再提前申請學校；D選項“作者不應該提前申請學校”與原文內容不符，作者只是沒有考慮好自己的意向學校，并非不能申請。因此，本題正確答案為A選項。

第5題:5.觀點態度題。題干詢問：從文中我們可以明白，作者似乎是……。A選項regretful表示“遺憾的，后悔的”；B選項optimistic表示“樂觀的”；C選項gloomy表示“憂郁的”；D選項sensitive表示“敏感的”。作者主要通過自己提前申請學校后又對學校不滿意進而轉學的經驗指出，大家在提前申請學校時一定要考慮好自己想要什么，不要輕易受別人影響。由此可見，作者對于自己的這次申請經驗比較遺憾，因此本題正確答案為A選項。

13.單選題

Itiswellknownthatknowledgeisthe______conditionforexpansionofmind.

問題1選項

A.incompatible

B.incredible

C.indefinite

D.indispensable

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.incompatible不兼容的，互斥的B.incredible不能相信的，難以置信的

C.indefinite期限不定的，不明確的D.indispensable不可或缺的

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】由expansionofmind（開闊思路）可知，knowledgeisthe______condition應該表示“知識是必不可少的條件”，因此，該題選擇D項正確。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C選項都不符合句意。

【句意】眾所周知，知識是開闊思路不可或缺的條件。

14.單選題

TheworseningcrisisattheFukushimaPowerStationinJapanhasledtoinevitablecomparisonswiththe1986Chernobylnucleardisasterthatkilledworkersattheplantinstantly,causedcancersinthesurroundingpopulationandspreadradioactivecontaminationsofarthatlivestockrestrictionsarestillinplaceatsomefarmsaroundtheUkraine.

ThesituationatFukushimaiscertainlygraveandimmediatelydangerousforthoseatthesitewhoarefightingtomakethecrippledreactorsandfuelstoragepondssafe.

ButwhateverwarningsarenowbeingissuedbyforeigngovernmentstotheircitizensinJapan,therearesignificantdifferencesthatsetthisapartfromthecatastropheinUkraine.

AtChernobylthenuclearreactorexplodedafterasurgeinpowerthatblewthetopoffthepowerplantandsenthotfuelhighintotheupperatmosphere,whereitfloatedacrossnationalborders.Afirethatbrokeoutinthegraphitecoreforcedmoreradioactivematerialintotheair,helpingitspreadfurther.Thereactorhadnocontainmentfacilitytoevenslowthereleaseofradiationfromtheplant.

TheFukushimaboilingwaterreactorisa40-year-oldpowerplantandithassomeglaringdesignflaws,butthereactorshavebeenswitchedoffforfivedays,sothereislessfreshradioactivematerialaround,andeachcoreiscontainedwithina20cm-thicksteelcontainer,whichisthenprotectedbyasteel-linedreinforcedconcreteouterstructure.Eveninthecaseofameltdown,thesemeasuresshouldatleastlimittheamountofradiationreleased.

Butwhatofthepopulationbeyond?Theriskfromradiationfallsoffsubstantiallywithdistance.Theauthoritieshavealreadyimposedanexclusionzoneof12milesaroundthepowerstation,introducedfoodbansanddispensedpotassiumiodidepillstothoseinthesurroundingarea.

Forthemoredistantpopulation,themostseriousradioactivesubstancesthatwouldbereleasedarecaesium-137andiodine-131.Theseareextremelyvolatile,socanbecarriedalongway.Butdangerousdosesarenotlikelytotravelfaronthewind.Thedangercomeswhenradioactiveiodineandcaesiumraindownontheground,onthepastureland,forexample,andlivestockeatit.Cowsconcentrateradioactiveiodineintheirmilk.Radioactivecaesiumaccumulatesinmuscles,andinthepasthasbuiltupingrazingsheep.Thethreattohumansthencomesfromdrinkingmilkandeatingcontaminatedmeat.Bothcanraisetheriskofcancer—iodineespeciallybybeingabsorbedintochildren’sthyroidglands.

WhathappenedatChernobyl,whichwasamuchmoreseriousaccidentthanthis,wasthatthelocalSovietauthoritieswereindenial,theydidn’tgetpeopleoutofthearea,theydidn’tevacuatequicklyenough,andtheyallowedchildrentocontinuetodrinkheavilycontaminatedmilk,andasaconsequence,manychildrenreceivedhighdosesofradiationtothethyroidandwe’veseenthousandsofthyroidcancersasaconsequence.

1.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

4.TheChernobylwasregardedasaseriousaccidentbecause（）.

問題1選項

A.EyeingJapan,CountriesReassessNuclearPlans.

B.LessonsforJapanfromtheChernobylCatastrophe.

C.RecentEventsinFukushimaEvokedWorldwideCare.

D.Japan’sHorrorRevealsHowThinIstheEdgeWeLiveon.

問題2選項

A.theriskofradiationspreadingwideinJapanremains

B.thehealthimplicationsofleaksintotheseawouldbelimited

C.thedisasterinJapanhasmucheffectonnuclearpolicyworldwide

D.JapanandUkrainetookthesamemeasuresindealingwithdisaster

問題3選項

A.TherearesomeobviousdesigndefectsinFukushima’spowerplant.

B.Theradioactivesubstancesmaycausedeathtothedistantpopulation.

C.Potassiumiodidetabletscanguardagainstsomeeffectsofradiationexposure.

D.UnliketheFukushimaplant,Chernobyl’sreactorlackedacontainmentfacility.

問題4選項

A.peoplefailedtoadoptsomeeffectivemeasurestoprotectthemselves

B.manyvolunteersrushedtheretofighttomakethecrippledreactorssafe

C.radioactivesubstancescouldspreadasfaras20milesalongwiththewind

D.thegovernmentdeniedthecatastrophetherestillthreatenedpeople’slife

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】1.文章第三段指出,日本福島核泄漏事故和烏克蘭切爾諾貝利核災難相比有顯著的差異,由此可以推斷,之所以差異巨大是因為日本從切爾諾貝利核災難中汲取了教訓,選項B作為標題更恰當。

2.選項B和C在文中沒有信息提及,所以無法推導出來;選項D表述錯誤。根據第六段第二句“Theriskfromradiationfallsoffsubstantiallywithdistance.”輻射的風險隨著距離的越遠而大大降低。由此推斷,輻射在日本蔓延的風險依然存在。所以選項A符合原文。

3.根據第七段的一二句可知,對于更遙遠的人群來說,釋放出的最嚴重的放射性物質是銫-137和碘-131。它們極易揮發,所以可以攜帶很長時間。但是危險的劑量不太可能在風中傳播很遠。也就是說,這些放射性物質不會導致遠方居民死亡。所以選項B錯誤。

4.根據最后一段的內容可知,切爾諾貝利的事故之所以如此嚴重,是因為當地政府否認事故,他們沒有及時讓人們撤離,他們讓孩子