住在富人區的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-西南政法大學考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據實際調整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Thepromiseoffindinglong-termtechnologicalsolutionstotheproblemofworldfoodshortagesseemsdifficulttofulfill.Manyinnovationsthatwereonceheavilysupportedandpublicized,suchasfish-proteinconcentrateandproteinfromalgaegrownonpetroleumsubstrates:hassincefallenbythewayside.Theproposalsthemselvesweretechnicallyfeasible;buttheyprovedtobeeconomicallyunviableandtoyieldfoodproductsculturallyunacceptabletotheirconsumers.Recentinnovationssuchasopaque-2maize,Antarctickrill,andthewheat-ryetriticaleseemmorepromising,butitistooearlytopredicttheirultimatefate.

Onecharacteristiccommontounsuccessfulfoodinnovationshasbeenthat,evenwithextensivegovernmentsupport,theyoftenhavenotbeentechnologicallyadaptedorculturallyacceptabletothepeopleforwhomtheyhadbeendeveloped.Asuccessfulnewtechnology,therefore,mustfittheentiresocio-culturalsysteminwhichitistofindaplace.Securityofcropyield,practicalityofstorage,palatability,andcostsaremuchmoresignificantthanhadpreviouslybeenrealizedbytheadvocatesofnewtechnologies.Forexample,thebetterproteinqualityintortillasmadefromopaque-2maizewillbeofonlylimitedbenefittoafamilyonthemarginofsubsistenceifthenewmaizeisnotculturallyacceptableorismorevulnerabletoinsects.

Theadoptionofnewfoodtechnologiesdependsonmorethanthesetechnicalandculturalconsiderations;economicfactorsandgovernmentalpoliciesalsostronglyinfluencetheultimatesuccessofanyinnovation.EconomistsintheAnglo-Americantraditionhavetakentheleadininvestigatingtheeconomicsoftechnologicalinnovation.Althoughtheyexaggerateinclaimingthatprofitabilityisthekeyfactorguidingtechnicalchange—theycompletelydisregardthesubstantialeffectsofculture—theyarecorrectinstressingtheimportanceofprofits.Mosttechnologicalinnovationsinagriculturecanbellyusedonlybylargelandownersandareonlyadoptediftheseprofit-orientedbusinesspeoplebelievethattheinnovationwillincreasetheirincomes.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorwasabletoassessthetruthofwhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutopaque-2maize?

2.ThepassagementionsallofthefollowingasfactorsimportanttothesuccessofanewfoodcropEXCEPTthe（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,theuseofAntarctickrillasafoodisaninnovationwhosefutureis（

）.

4.Thefirstparagraphofthepassagebestsupportswhichofthefollowingstatements?

問題1選項

A.Itcanbestoredaseasilyasothervarietiesofmaize.

B.Itismorepopularthanthewheat-ryehybridtriticale.

C.Itproducestortillasofgreaterproteincontentthandoothervarietiesofmaize.

D.Itismoresusceptibletoinsectsthanareothervarietiesofmaize.

問題2選項

A.practicalityofstorageofthecrop

B.securityofthecropyield

C.qualityofthecrop'sprotein

D.culturalacceptabilityofthecrop

問題3選項

A.basicallygloomybutstilluncertain

B.somewhatpromisingbutverytentative

C.generallybrightandvirtuallyassured

D.tiedtotheSuccessofopaque-2maize

問題4選項

A.Toomuchpublicitycanharmthechancesforthesuccessofanewfoodinnovation.

B.Innovationsthatproduceculturallyacceptablecropswillgenerallybesuccessful.

C.Afood-productinnovationcanbetechnicallyfeasibleandstillnotbeeconomicallyviable.

D.Itisdifficulttodecidewhetherafood-productinnovationhasactuallybeenasuccess.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據第二段最后一句“thebetterproteinqualityintortillasmadefromopaque-2maizewillbeofonlylimitedbenefittoafamilyonthemarginofsubsistenceifthenewmaizeisnotculturallyacceptableorismorevulnerabletoinsects.如果這種新玉米在文化上不能被接受，或者更容易受到昆蟲的侵害，那么用不透明2型玉米制成的玉米餅所含的蛋白質盡管質量較好，但對處于生存邊緣的家庭所帶來的利益將是有限的。”作者的重點在于強調它比其他玉米品種更容易受到昆蟲的侵害，所以選項D符合題意。

2.細節事實題。根據第二段的二三句“Asuccessfulnewtechnology,therefore,mustfittheentiresocio-culturalsysteminwhichitistofindaplace.Securityofcropyield,practicalityofstorage,palatability,andcostsaremuchmoresignificantthanhadpreviouslybeenrealizedbytheadvocatesofnewtechnologies.因此，一項成功的新技術必須適應它所處的整個社會文化系統。作物產量的安全性、儲藏的實用性、風味和成本都比以前新技術的倡導者所認識到的要重要得多。”選項A，B，D均有所提及，所以本題選C。

3.細節事實題。根據關鍵詞“Antarctickrill”定位到第一段最后一句“Recentinnovationssuchasopaque-2maize,Antarctickrill,andthewheat-ryetriticaleseemmorepromising,butitistooearlytopredicttheirultimatefate.最近的創新，如不透明玉米、南極磷蝦和黑小麥似乎更有希望，但現在預測它們的最終命運還為時過早。”所以選項B符合原文。

4.判斷推理題。第一段最后一句指出“itistooearlytopredicttheirultimatefate.現在預測它們的最終命運還為時過早”。選項A在文中沒有提及；選項B太過于絕對；選項C表述過于片面，只有選項D能夠全面的概括第一段的內容，所以正確。

2.單選題

Theseseatsare（

）foroldandsickpeople.

問題1選項

A.conserved

B.deserved

C.preserved

D.reserved

【答案】D

【解析】近義詞辨析題。A選項conserved“保存，保全”；B選項deserved“值得”；C選項preserved“保藏”；D選項reserved“保留”。句意：這些座位是留給老人和病人的。bereservedfor意為“為…保留”，所以選項D符合句意。

3.單選題

Thecitysigneda/an（

）contractwithItalyinordertomakefulluseoftheirnaturalresourcesandcapital.

問題1選項

A.unusual

B.influential

C.residential

D.reciprocal

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項unusual“不尋常的”；B選項influential“有影響的，有勢力的”；C選項residential“住宅的”；D選項reciprocal“互惠的”。句意：為了充分利用其自然資源和資本，該市與意大利簽訂了互惠合約。選項D符合句意。

4.單選題

Itisa（

）thatinsucharichcountrythereshouldbesomanypoorpeople.

問題1選項

A.debate

B.dispute

C.dilemma

D.paradox

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項debate“辯論，討論”；B選項dispute“辯論，爭吵”；C選項dilemma“困境，進退兩難”；D選項paradox“悖論，自相矛盾的人或事”。句意：在如此富裕的國家竟然有那么多窮人，這是一個多么矛盾的事情。選項D符合句意。

5.單選題

Onlya（

）personwouldbelievesuchanunlikelystoryaboutflyingsaucers.

問題1選項

A.credible

B.credulous

C.nonsensical

D.creditable

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項credible“可靠的，可信的”；B選項credulous“輕信的，易受騙的”；C選項nonsensical“無意義的，荒謬的”；D選項creditable“值得稱贊的”。句意：只有易受騙的人才會相信這樣一個關于飛碟的不大可能的故事。選項B符合語境。

6.單選題

Itwouldbe（

）toarriveataconclusionnow.

問題1選項

A.premier

B.premature

C.preliminary

D.prior

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項premier“首要的”；B選項premature“不成熟的，早產的”；C選項preliminary“初步的，開始的”；D選項prior“優先的”。句意：現在下結論還為時過早。選項B符合句意。

7.單選題

Thetremorinhisvoice（

）hisnervousness.

問題1選項

A.affirmed

B.disguised

C.represented

D.revealed

【答案】D

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項affirm“肯定，斷言”；B選項disguise“偽裝，掩飾”；C選項represent“代表”；D選項reveal“揭露，顯示”。句意：他顫抖的聲音顯露出他的緊張。選項D符合句意。

8.單選題

Thefoxreallyexasperatedthemboth.Assoonastheyhadletthefowlsout,intheearlysummermornings,theyhadtotaketheirgunsandkeepguard;andthenagainassoonaseveningbegantomellow,theymustgooncemore.Andhewassosly.Heslidalonginthedeepgrass;hewasdifficultasaserpenttosee.Andheseemedtocircumventthegirlsdeliberately.OnceortwiceMarchhadcaughtsightofthewhitetipofhisbrush,ortheruddyshadowofhiminthedeepgrass,andshehadletfireathim.Buthemadenoaccountofthis.

Thetreesonthewoodedgewereadarkish,brownishgreeninthefulllight—foritwastheendofAugust.Beyond,thenaked,copper-likeshaftsandlimbsofthepinetreesshoneintheair.Nearertheroughgrass,withitslong,brownishstalksallagleam,wasfulloflight.Thefowlswereroundabout—theduckswerestillswimmingonthepondunderthepinetrees.Marchlookedatitall,sawitall,anddidnotseeit.SheheardBanfordspeakingtothefowlsinthedistance—andshedidnothear.Whatwasshethinkingabout?Heavenknows.Herconsciousnesswas,asitwere,heldback.

Sheloweredhereyes,andsuddenlysawthefox.Hewaslookingupather.Hischinwaspresseddown,andhiseyeswerelookingup.Theymethereyes.Andheknewher.Shewasspellbound—sheknewheknewher.Sohelookedintohereyes,andhersoulfailedher.Heknewher,hehasnotdaunted.

Shestruggled,confusedlyshecametoherself,andsawhimmakingoff,withslowleapsoversomefallenboughs,slow,impudentjumps.Thenheglancedoverhisshoulder,andransmoothlyaway.Shesawhisbrushheldsmoothlikeafeather,shesawhiswhitebuttockstwinkle.Andhewasgone,softly,softasthewind.

Sheputherguntohershoulder,buteventhenpursedhermouth,knowingitwasnonsensetopretendtofire.Soshebegantowalkslowlyafterhim,inthedirectionhehadgone,slowly,pertinaciously.Sheexpectedtofindhim.Inherheartshewasdeterminedtofindhim.Whatshewoulddowhenshesawhimagainshedidnotconsider.Butshewasdeterminedtofindhim.Soshewalkedabstractedlyaboutontheedgeofthewood,withwide,vividdarkeyes,andafaintflushinhercheeks.Shedidnotthink.Instrangemindlessnessshewalkedhitherandthither...Assoonassupperwasover,sheroseagaintogoout,withoutsayingwhy.Shetookhergunagainandwenttolookforthefox.Forhehadliftedhiseyesuponher,andhisknowinglookseemedtohaveenteredherbrain.Shedidnotsomuchthinkofhim:shewaspossessedbyhim.Shesawhisdark,shrewd,unabashedeyelookingintoher,knowingher.Shefelthiminvisiblymasterherspirit.Sheknewthewayheloweredhischinashelookedup,sheknewhismuzzle,thegoldenbrown,andthegreyishwhite.Andagainshesawhimglanceoverhisshoulderather,halfinviting,halfcontemptuousandcunning.Soshewent,withhergreatstartledeyesglowing,hergununderherarm,alongthewoodedge.Meanwhilethenightfell,andagreatmoonroseabovethepinetrees.

1.Atthebeginningofthestory,thefoxseemstobeallEXCEPT（

）.

2.Asthestoryproceeds.Marchbeginstofeelunderthespellof

（

）.

3.GraduallyMarchseemstobeinastateof

（

）.

4.Attheendofthestory,thereseemstobeasenseof

（

）

betweenMarchandthefox.

5.Thepassagecreatesanoverallimpressionof（

）.

問題1選項

A.cunning

B.fierce

C.defiant

D.annoying

問題2選項

A.thelight

B.thetrees

C.thenight

D.thefox

問題3選項

A.blankness

B.imagination

C.sadness

D.excitement

問題4選項

A.detachment

B.anger

C.intimacy

D.conflict

問題5選項

A.mystery

B.horror

C.liveliness

D.contempt.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節事實題。根據第一段第一句“Thefoxreallyexasperatedthemboth.狐貍真的把他們都激怒了”可知選項D“惱人的”正確；根據第一段第三句“Andhewassosly.并且他是如此的狡猾。”可知選項A“狡猾的”正確；根據第一段最后一句“Buthemadenoaccountofthis.但是他卻不把（March向他開槍）這件事放在心上。”也就是說，狐貍這里是在挑釁March，所以選項C“挑釁的”也正確。只有選項B在文中沒有提及，所以本題選B。

2.細節事實題。根據第三段最后兩句“Andheknewher.Shewasspellbound—sheknewheknewher.Sohelookedintohereyes,andhersoulfailedher.Heknewher,hehasnotdaunted.他（狐貍）認識她。她被迷住了——她知道他認識她。所以他看著她的眼睛，她的靈魂辜負了她。他認識她，并不畏懼。”由此可知，March是被狐貍迷住了。所以選項D正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據原文第五段最后三句“Soshewalkedabstractedlyaboutontheedgeofthewood,withwide,vividdarkeyes,andafaintflushinhercheeks.Shedidnotthink.Instrangemindlessnessshewalkedhitherandthither.于是她心不在焉地在樹林邊上走來走去，一雙明亮的黑眼睛睜得大大的，兩頰微微泛起紅暈。她什么都沒有想。她莫名其妙地走來走去。”由此可知，March似乎進入了一種放空的狀態，選項A正確。

4.判斷推理題。根據最后一段的內容“Shedidnotsomuchthinkofhim:shewaspossessedbyhim....Shefelthiminvisiblymasterherspirit.Sheknewthewayheloweredhischinashelookedup,sheknewhismuzzle,thegoldenbrown,andthegreyishwhite.她并不怎么想他，而是被他迷住了。....她感到他無形地控制了她的靈魂。她知道他抬起頭來時下巴是怎樣垂下來的，她知道他的口鼻是怎樣的，金褐色的，灰白色的。”由此可推斷，在故事的結尾，March和狐貍之間似乎有親昵的感覺，選項C正確。

5.判斷推理題。結合全文內容可知，文章主要講的是March和狐貍之間的故事。根據原文中的描述可知，全文整體營造的是一種神秘的氛圍，所以選項A正確。

9.單選題

Thehighcostforgettingtherewas（

）bythefactthatIfoundaverycheapplacetolive.

問題1選項

A.offset

B.participated

C.elaborated

D.reclaimed

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項offset“抵消，彌補”；B選項participate“參與，分享”；C選項elaborate“詳細描述，變復雜”；D選項reclaim“開拓，抗議”。句意：到這里的成本高是因為事情變得復雜，我找到了一個非常便宜的地方住。選項C更符合語境。

10.單選題

TheMayorofthetownisa（

）oldman.

問題1選項

A.respective

B.respectful

C.respectable

D.respecting

【答案】B

【解析】形近詞辨析題。A選項respective“分別的，各自的”；B選項respectful“恭敬的，有禮貌的”；C選項respectable“值得尊敬的”；D選項respecting“關于”。句意：這個鎮的市長是個可敬的老人。選項B符合句意。

11.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoChinese

IftheCommissionfinds,afternoticeandopportunityforhearing,thatanypersonisviolating,hasviolated,orisabouttoviolateanyprovisionofthistitle,oranyruleorregulationthereunder,theCommissionmaypublishitsfindingsandenteranorderrequiringsuchperson,andanyotherpersonthatis,was,orwouldbeacauseoftheviolation,duetoanactoromissionthepersonkneworshouldhaveknownwouldcontributetosuchviolation,toceaseanddesistfromcommittingorcausingsuchviolationandanyfutureviolationofthesameprovision,rule,orregulation.Suchordermay,inadditiontorequiringapersontoceaseanddesistfromcommittingorcausingaviolation,requiresuchpersontocomply,ortotakestepstoeffectcompliancewithsuchprovision,rule,orregulation,uponsuchtermsandconditionsandwithinsuchtimeasthecommissionmayspecifyinsuchorder.Anysuchordermay,astheCommissiondeemsappropriate,requirefuturecomplianceorstepstoeffectfuturecompliance,eitherpermanentlyorforsuchperiodoftimeastheCommissionmayspecify,withsuchprovision,ruleorregulationwithrespecttoanysecurity,anyissuer,oranyotherperson.

【答案】在通知和一個聽訊機會后，如果委員會發現任何人正在、已經或即將去違反這個法令的任何條款、或其下的任何規則或規章，那么該委員會可能發布其調查結果，且提出一個指令，其要求這個人和任何其它人（這個人因其知曉或本應知曉的會導致如此違反的一個行為或疏忽而現在、過去或將來是此類違反的一個原因）停止犯下或造成此類違反和任何對同樣條款的將來違反。除需要一個人停止犯下或導致一個違反之外，如此的指令可能要求這類人，依據該委員會在如此的指令中可能規定的條款和條件以及時間期限，去遵守或采取措施去實現遵守如此的條款，規則或規章。就任何擔保人、發行者或任何其它人而言，任何如此的指令可能，如同該委員會認為恰當的那樣，要求以后永久地或在該委員會可能規定的時間段內遵守或采取措施去實現遵守如此的條款、規則或規章。

12.單選題

Theimportanceandfocusoftheinterviewintheworkoftheprintandbroadcastjournalistisreflectedinseveralbooksthathavebeenwrittenonthetopic.Mostofthesebooks,aswellasseveralchapters,mainlyin,butnotlimitedtojournalismandbroadcastinghandbooksandreportingtexts,stressthe“howto"aspectsofjournalisticinterviewingratherthantheconceptualaspectsoftheinterview,itscontexts,andimplications.Muchofthe"howto"materialisbasedonpersonalexperiencesandgeneralimpressions.Asweknow,injournalismasinotherfields,muchcanbelearnedfromthesystematicstudyofprofessionalpractice.Suchstudybringstogetherevidencefromwhichbroadgeneralizedprinciplescanbedeveloped.

Thereis,ashasbeensuggested,agrowingbodyofresearchliteratureinjournalismandbroadcasting,butverylittlesignificantattentionhasbeendevotedtothestudyoftheinterviewitself.Ontheotherhand,manygeneraltestsaswellasnumerousresearcharticlesoninterviewingotherthanjournalismhavebeenwritten.Manyofthesebooksandarticlespresentthetheoreticalandempiricalaspectsoftheinterviewaswellasthetrainingoftheinterviewers.Unhappily,thisplentifulgeneralliteratureaboutinterviewingpayslittleattentiontothejournalisticinterview.Thefactthatthegeneralliteratureoninterviewingdoesnotdealwiththejournalisticinterviewseemstobesurprisingfortworeasons.First,itseemslikelythatmostpeopleinmodernWesternsocietiesaremorefamiliar,atleastinthepositivemanner,withjournalisticinterviewingthanwithanyotherformofinterviewing.Mostofusareprobablysomewhatfamiliarwiththeclinicalinterview,suchasthatconductedbyphysiciansandpsychologists.Inthesesituationstheprofessionalpersonorinterviewerisinterestedingettinginformationnecessaryforthediagnosisandtreatmentofthepersonseekinghelp.Anotherfamiliarsimilarsituationisthejobinterview.However,veryfewofushaveactuallybeeninterviewedpersonallybythemassmedia,particularlybyTelevision.Andyet,wehaveavividacquaintancewiththejournalisticinterviewbyvirtueofourrolesasreaders,listeners,andviewers.Evenso,trueunderstandingofthejournalisticinterview,especiallytelevisioninterviews,requiresthoughtfulanalysesandevenstudy,asthisbookindicates.

1.Whichofthefollowingisthemaintopicofthepassage?

2.Muchresearchhasbeendoneoninterviewsingeneral,（

）.

3.MostoftheWesternersmaynothavebeeninterviewedbythemassmedia

（

）.

4.Itismostlikelythatthepassageispartof（

）.

問題1選項

A.Personalexperiencesandgeneralimpressionsshouldbeexcludedfromjournalisticinterviews.

B.Conceptsandjournalisticinterviews.

C.Priorityshouldbegivetothesystematicstudyofjournalisticinterviewing.

D.Contextualimplicationsandgeneralprinciplesshouldbethemainconcern.

問題2選項

A.andthetrainingofjournalisticinterviewershaslikewisebeenstrengthened.

B.butjournalisticinterviewingasaspecificfieldhasunfortunatelybeenneglected

C.sothestudyoftheinterviewingtechniqueshasn'treceivedmuchattention

D.sotherehasbeenadramaticgrowthinthestudyofjournalisticinterviewing

問題3選項

A.andtheydon'thopetohavethechancetobeinterviewed.

B.andtheywouldliketohaveatrueunderstandingofit

C.thoughmostofthemwishtostayawayfromit.

D.thoughtheyarefamiliarwiththejournalisticinterview.

問題4選項

A.anewsarticle

B.apreface

C.ajournalisticinterview

D.aresearchreport

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

【解析】1.主旨大意題。根據第一段的內容可知，作者首先提出關于采訪的重要性和重點的書籍都是強調的如何做采談，而不是采訪的概念及其系統的研究，最后作者提出“新聞和其他領域一樣，可以從系統的專業實踐學習到很多東西。”也就是說，對新聞采訪的系統研究應放在首位。所以選項C正確。

2.細節事實題。根據第二段的三四句“Unhappily,thisplentifulgeneralliteratureaboutinterviewingpayslittleattentiontothejournalisticinterview.不幸的是，這些關于采訪的大量文獻很少關注新聞采訪。”選項B符合原文，所以正確。

3.細節事實題。根據第二段的內容“First,itseemslikelythatmostpeopleinmodernWesternsocietiesaremorefamiliar,atleastinthepositivemanner,withjournalisticinterviewingthanwithanyotherformofinterviewing.首先，現代西方社會的大多數人似乎比其他任何形式的采訪都更熟悉新聞采訪，至少是以一種積極的方式。”選項D符合原文。

4.判斷推理題。根據最后一段最后一句“Evenso,trueunderstandingofthejournalisticinterview,especiallytelevisioninterviews,requiresthoughtfulanalysesandevenstudy,asthisbookindicates.即便如此，如本書所述，要真正理解新聞采訪，尤其是電視采訪，需要深思熟慮的分析甚至研究。”由此可以推斷，這篇文章是前言的一部分。選項B正確。

13.單選題

Herspeechwas（

）andcausedalotofangrycomment.

問題1選項

A.prospective

B.prone

C.provocative

D.promising

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項prospective“未來的，預期的”；B選項prone“有…傾向的”；C選項provocative“刺激的，挑撥的，氣人的”；D選項promising“有希望的”。句意：她的演講很氣人，引起了許多憤怒的評論。選項C符合句意。

14.單選題

Hehasspentallthemoneyandmadeno（

）forthefuture.

問題1選項

A.proverb

B.provision

C.prospect

D.province

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項proverb“諺語，格言”；B選項provision“規定，條款，供應品”；C選項prospect“前途，預期”；D選項province“領域，職權”。句意：他花光了所有的錢，沒有為將來做準備。選項B符合句意。

15.單選題

His（

）wordsreachedtheeffecthewantedandpeoplegavemoneytohelphim.

問題1選項

A.elegant

B.eloquent

C.evil

D.excessive

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項elegant“優雅的”；B選項eloquent“有口才的，有說服力的”；C選項evil“邪惡的”；D選項excessive“極度的，過分的”。句意：他的能言善辯達到了他想要的效果，人們紛紛捐錢來幫助他。選項B符合語境。

16.單選題

Thisbookwasaworkofsuch（

）thatittook20yearstowrite.

問題1選項

A.magnitude

B.extent

C.degree

D.amount

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項magnitude“大小，量級”；B選項extent“程度，范圍”；C選項degree“程度，等級”；D選項amount“數量，總額”。句意：這本書是如此龐大的一個作品，以致于花了20年才寫成。選項A更符合語境。

17.單選題

Theyoungshouldbe（

）totheold.

問題1選項

A.respectable

B.respectful

C.respected

D.respective

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項respectable“值得尊敬的”；B選項respectful“恭敬的，有禮貌的”；C選項respected“受尊敬的”；D選項respective“分別的，各自的”。句意：年輕人應該恭敬的對待老人。選項B符合句意。

18.單選題

Thefarmersreceiveda（

）fromthegovernmenttogrowhiscrop.

問題1選項

A.subsidy

B.subsidiary

C.subordinate

D.successor

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項subsidy“補貼”；B選項subsidiary“輔助者”；C選項subordinate“下屬，下級”；D選項successor“繼承者”。句意：農民們從政府那里得到了補貼來種植作物。選項A符合句意。

19.單選題

Oneoftheattractivefeaturesofthecoursewasthewaythepracticalworkhadbeen（

）withthetheoreticalaspectsofthesubject.

問題1選項

A.embraced

B.adjusted

C.alternated

D.integrated

【答案】D

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項embrace“擁抱”；B選項adjust“調整”；C選項alternate“交替，輪流”；D選項integrate“使完整”。句意：這門課程吸引人的特點之一是實際工作與學科理論方面結合的方法。選項D符合句意。

20.單選題

CampaigningontheIndianfrontierisanexperiencebyitself.Neitherthelandscapenorthepeoplefindtheircounterpartsinanyotherportionoftheglobe.Valleywallsrisesteeplyfiveorsixthousandfeetoneveryside.Thecolumnscramthroughamazeofgiantcorridorsdownwhichfiercesnow-fedtorrentsfoamunderskiesofbrass.Amidthesescenesofsavagebrilliancytheredwellsaracewhosequalifiesseemtoharmonizewiththeirenvironment.Exceptatharvest-time,whenself-preservationrequiresatemporarytruce,thePathantribesarealwaysengagedinprivateorpublicwar.Everymanisawarrior,apoliticianandatheologian.Everylargehouseisarealfeudalfortressmade,itistrue,onlyofsun-bakedclay,butwithbattlements,turrets,loopholes,drawbridges,etc.Complete.Everyvillagehasitsdefence.Everyfamilycultivatesitsvendetta;everyclan,itsfeud.Thenumeroustribesandcombinationsoftribesallhavetheiraccountstosettlewithoneanother.Nothingiseverforgotten,andveryfewdebtsareleftunpaid.Forthepurposesofsociallife,inadditiontotheconventionaboutharvest-time,amostelaboratecodeofhonourhasbeenestablishedandisonthewholefaithfullyobserved.Amanwhoknewitandobserveditfaultlesslymightpassunarmedfromoneendofthefrontiertoanother.Theslightesttechnicalslipwould,however,befatal.ThelifeofthePathanisthusfullofinterest;andhisvalleys,nourishedalikebyendlesssunshineandabundantwater,arefertileenoughtoyieldwithlittlelabourthemodestmaterialrequirementsofasparsepopulation.

Intothishappyworldthenineteenthcenturybroughttwonewfacts;therifleandtheBritishGovernment.Thefirstwasanenormousluxuryandblessing;thesecond,anunmitigatednuisance.TheconvenienceoftheriflewasnowheremoreappreciatedthanintheIndianhighlands.Aweaponwhichwouldkillwithaccuracyatfifteenhundredyardsopenedawholenewvistaofdelightstoeveryfamilyorclanwhichcouldacquireit.Onecouldactuallyremaininone'sownhouseandfileatone'sneighbournearlyamileaway.Onecouldlieinwaitonsomehighcrag,andathithertounheard-ofrangeshitahorsemanfarbelow.Evenvillagescouldfireateachotherwithoutthetroubleofgoingfarfromhome.Fabulouspriceswerethereforeofferedforthesegloriousproductsofscience.Rifle-thievesscouredallIndiatoreinforcetheeffortsofthehonestsmuggler.Asteadyflowofthecovetedweaponsspreaditsgenialinfluencethroughoutthefrontier,andtherespectwhichthePathantribesmenentertainedforChristiancivilizationwasvastlyenhanced.

TheactionoftheBritishGovernmentontheotherhandwasentirelyunsatisfactory.Thegreatorganizing,advancing,absorbingpowertothesouthwardseemedtobelittlebetterthanamonstrousspoil-sport.IfthePathanmadeforaysintotheplains,notonlyweretheydrivenback(whichafterallwasnomorethanfair),butawholeseriesofsubsequentinterferencestookplace,followedatintervalsbyexpeditionswhichtoiledlaboriouslythroughthevalleys,scoldingthetribesmenandexactingfinesforanydamagewhichtheyhaddone.Noonewouldhavemindedtheseexpeditionsiftheyhadsimplycome,hadafightandthengoneawayagain.Inmanycasesthiswastheirpracticeunderwhatwascalledthe“butcherandboltpolicy"towhichtheGovernmentofIndialongadhered.Buttowardstheendofthenineteenthcenturytheseintrudersbegantomakeroadsthroughmanyofthevalleys,andinparticularthegreatroadtoChitral.Theysoughttoensurethesafetyoftheseroadsbythreatsbyfortsandbysubsidies.Therewasnoobjectiontothelastmethodsofarasitwent.Butthewholeofthistendencytoroad-makingwasregardedbythePathanswithprofounddistaste.Allalongtheroadpeoplewereexpectedtokeepquiet,nottoshootoneanother,andaboveallnottoshootattravelersalongtheroad.Itwastoomuchtoask,andawholeseriesofquarrelstooktheiroriginfromthissource.

1.Theworddebtsin"veryfewdebtsareleftunpaid"infilefirstparagraphmeans（

）.

2.WhichoffilefollowingisNOToneofthegeographicalfactsabouttheIndianfrontier?

3.Accordingtothepassage,thePathanswelcomed（

）.

4.BuildingroadsbytheBritish（

）.

5.Asuitabletitleforthepassagewouldbe（

）.

問題1選項

A.loans

B.accounts

C.killings

D.bargains

問題2選項

A.Meltingsnows

B.Largepopulation

C.Steephillsides

D.Fertilevalleys

問題3選項

A.theintroductionoftherifle

B.thespreadofBritishrule

C.theextensionofluxuries

D.thespreadoftrade

問題4選項

A.putanendtoawholeseriesofquarrels

B.preventedthePathansfromcomingonfeuds

C.lessenedthesubsidiespaidtothePathans

D.gavethePathansamuchquieterlife

問題5選項

A.CampaigningontheIndianFrontier

B.WhythePathansResentedtheBritishRule

C.ThePopularityofRiflesamongthePathans

D.ThePathansatWar

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.詞義題。根據原文內容可知，“debts”不是指債務,而是上文提及的“Everyfamilycultivatesitsvendetta;everyclan,itsfeud.Thenumeroustribesandcombinationsoftribesallhavetheiraccountstosettlewithoneanother.每個家庭和氏族都有世仇恩怨，長期不和。眾多的部落和部落的組合形成了怨怨相報的惡性循環局面。”所以選項C正確。

2.細節事實題。根據第一段最后一句“ThelifeofthePathanisthusfullofinterest;andhisvalleys,nourishedalikebyendlesssunshineandabundantwater,arefertileenoughtoyieldwithlittlelabourthemodestmaterialrequirementsofasparsepopulation.帕坦人的生活充滿了樂趣，山谷被無盡的陽光和充沛的水滋養著，肥沃得幾乎不需要勞動就能生產出稀少人口所需的適量物資。”由此可知,選項B與原文中“sparsepopulation”不符。

3.細節事實題。根據第二段第三句“TheconvenienceoftheriflewasnowheremoreappreciatedthanintheIndianhighlands.”步槍的便捷性在印度高地最受歡迎。選項A正確。

4.判斷推理題。根據最后一段的最后一句...awholeseriesofquarrelstooktheiroriginfromthissource.一系列的爭吵就是從這個源頭開始的。”可知選項A錯誤；根據“Theysoughttoensurethesafetyoftheseroadsbythreats,byfortsandbysubsidies.他們試圖通過威脅、筑堡壘和發放補貼來確保這些道路的安全。”可知選項C也錯誤；選項D在文中沒有提及；根據最后一段倒數第二句“Allalongtheroadpeoplewereexpectedtokeepquiet,nottoshootoneanother,andaboveallnottoshootattravelersalongtheroad.一路上人們都被要求保持安靜，不要互相射擊,最重要的是不要向沿途的行人開槍。”客觀上來說,阻止了帕坦人之間的仇恨,所以選項B正確。

5.主旨大意題。結合文章內容可知，本文主要描述的都是和帕坦人相關，所以首先排除選項A，范圍太廣；選項B和C只是文中提到的細節，不夠全面；只有選項D最能概括全文主旨，所以正確。

21.單選題

Itgoeswithoutsayingthatpollution（

）aseriousthreattothecontinuedexistenceofsomespecieslivingonearth.

問題1選項

A.poses

B.imposes

C.provokes

D.evokes

【答案】A

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項pose“造成，擺姿勢”；B選項impose“強加”；C選項provoke“驅使，激怒”；D選項evoke“引起，喚起”。句意：毫無疑問，污染對地球上某些物種的繼續生存造成了嚴重的威脅。選項A符合句意。

22.單選題

Ifshe（

）herefforts,shewillsucceed

問題1選項

A.goeson

B.retains

C.holdsinto

D.maintains

【答案】D

【解析】近義詞辨析題。A選項goon“繼續”；B選項retain“保持”；C選項holdinto搭配不當；D選項maintain“持續，保持”。句意：如果她持續努力，她會成功的。這里強調的是持續性，所以選項D更符合語境。

23.單選題

Thisnewtypeofplanthasaan（

）,bulb-shapedstem,thoughnotverydelicious.

問題1選項

A.oval

B.edible

C.reliable

D.available

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項oval“橢圓的”；B選項edible“可食用的”；C選項reliable“可靠的”；D選項available“可獲得的”。句意：這種新型的植物有