1、.成人高考英語復習名詞復習及配套鞏固練習:名詞的類別名詞是人、事物或概念的名稱. 1專有名詞:專有名詞是指個人、團體、地方、機構或事物等所專有的名稱,它的第一個字母必須大寫。如：the Summer palace, Beijing, Asia等. 英語 2普通名詞: 普通名詞是指一類人、一類事物、某種物質抽象概念的名稱.如: worker mother paper machine hope youth1個體名詞:表示某類人或事物中的個體,如: worker, father, book, tree, school等. 2集體名詞: 表示一群人或一些事物中的集合體,如：people, family

2、, class, team等 普通名詞 3物質名詞: 表示構成各種物體的物質,如：iron, paper, snow, water, chalk, gold等.4抽象名詞: 表示動作、狀態(tài)、品質、感情等抽象概念.,如：life, thought, idea, strength等.2. 名詞的數(shù)個體名詞有單、復數(shù)形式可數(shù)名詞集體名詞有單、復數(shù)形式名詞物質名詞 不可數(shù)名詞 抽象名詞只有單數(shù)形式。1可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)變復數(shù)：一般加s ：lesson lessons, pen pens以s, x, ss, ch, sh, o結尾的加es ：buses, boxes, classes, watches, br

3、ushes,heroes, tomatoes,potatoes但以輔音字母加 QUOTE o結尾的名詞,是加s構成復數(shù)：kilo kilos, piano pianos, radio radios, photo photos, zoo zoos以輔音字母 + y 結尾的改y為i,再加es ：city cities, story stories 以f 或fe結尾的,一般將f或fe改為v,再加es ：knife knives, leaf leaves,life-lives,shelf-shelves但有些以f 結尾的名詞,是在f后加s,構成復數(shù)形式：belief beliefs, roof roo

4、fs, safe保險箱safes, proof證據(jù) proofs, chief chiefs, handkerchief handkerchiefs2、有些名詞,不按上述規(guī)則構成其復數(shù)形式,有以下幾種情況：單復數(shù)形式相同：Chinese, Japanese, deer, sheep不規(guī)則變化：man men, woman women, goose geese, foot feet, tooth teeth, child children, mouse mice, ox oxen 。但是,German Germans復合名詞的復數(shù)形式：editor-in-chief editors-in-chi

5、ef, daughter-in-law daughters-in-law, grown-up grown-ups, woman teacher women teachers, man driver men drivers go- betweenspassers-by3、注意以下幾個名詞單復數(shù)問題物質名詞一般不用復數(shù)形式,但有些物質名詞要用復數(shù)形式來表示不同的類別,如：fishes各種魚,frui各種水果,steels各種鋼材。物質名詞表示數(shù)量時,一般用表示數(shù)量的短語來表示。如：a cup of tea, three bags of apples, four pieces of bread。有些

6、抽象名詞的復數(shù)形式表示不同的含義。如：work工作 works著作,arm手臂 arms軍火,glass玻璃 glasses眼鏡,cloth布 clothes衣服。定冠詞加上姓氏的復數(shù)形式,表示全家人或夫婦二人；姓氏的復數(shù)形式前不加冠詞,則表示若干個姓的人。如：the Wangs王家,three Wangs三個姓王的。只用作單數(shù)的復數(shù)形式的名詞。如：physics, mathematics, news, the United States有些名詞形似單數(shù),但實為復數(shù)。如：police, people, cattle有些名詞如被看作整體時就作單數(shù)用,如被看作組成該集體的各個成員時就作復數(shù)用。如：

7、class, family, couple, audience, government, public有些抽象名詞在具體化時,可以復數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)。表示特指時,可和定冠詞連用；表示某種或一次意義時,可和不定冠詞連用。如：How did you smooth away the difficulties?指各種具體困難；It is a great pleasure to talk with you.；What a surprise!注意：可數(shù)、不可數(shù)是英文名詞和中文名詞的一個重要差異即學習的重點。而很多英語名詞具有雙重性。即,名詞的類別不是固定不變的,它們會根據(jù)詞義的變化和場合的不同而相互轉換,其詞類

8、別的轉換可歸納如下：1、個體名詞轉抽象名詞或抽象名詞轉個體名詞 Our school is not far from my home.個體我們學校離我家不遠。School is over at six.抽象六點鐘放學。2、物質名詞轉個體名詞或個體名詞轉物質名詞 He broke a piece of glass.物質他打破了一塊玻璃。He broke a glass.個體他打破了一個杯子。Cakeisakindoffood.蛋糕是一種食物。Thesecakesaresweet.這些蛋糕很好吃。3、個體名詞轉專有名詞 His father is a teacher.個體他父親是個教師。不同國家的

9、人的單復數(shù) 名稱總稱謂語用復數(shù)一個人兩個人中國人aChinestheChineseetwoChinese瑞士人theSwissaSwisstwoSwiss澳大利亞人theAustraliansan AustraliantwoAustralians俄國人theRussiansaRussiantwoRussians意大利人theItaliansanItaliantwoItalians希臘人theGreekaGreektwoGreeks法國人theFrenchaFrenchmantwoFrenchmen日本人theJapaneseaJapanesetwoJapanese美國人theAmericans

10、anAmericantwoAmericans印度人theIndiansanIndiantwoIndians加拿大人theCanadiansaCanadiantwoCanadians德國人theGermansaGermanstwoGermans英國人theEnglishanEnglishmantwoEnglishmen瑞典人theSwedishaSwedetwoSwedes3.名詞的所有格名詞的所有格在句中表示所有關系,作定語用。1、有生命名詞的所有格一般在詞尾加上或s。如：Toms bike, Engless works, a works school, Womens Day, the edi

11、tor-in-chiefs office2、如果一個事物為兩個人所有,只在后一個名詞的詞尾加s,如果不是共有,就要在兩個名詞的詞尾都加上s。如：Tom and Mikes room.共有,Toms and Mikes books.不共有。3、表示時間、距離、國家、城市的無生命名詞,可以在詞尾加s或表示所有格,如：todays papers, ten minutes walk4、在表示某人家,店鋪時,所有格后面的名詞常常省略：at Mr. Greens; at my brothers;at the tailors; at the barbers;at the doctors5、無生命名詞的所在格

12、通常用of短語來表示。如：the window of the room6、表示有生命的名詞有時也可用of短語來表示所有關系,而且當該名詞帶有較長的定語時。如：the teachers of the No. 1 Middle School.7、雙重所有格結構前的被修飾名詞通常指整體中的部分或一個,雙重所有格只能用于有生命的名詞,這個名詞是確定的。被修飾名詞前有不定冠詞、指示代詞、疑問代詞、不定代詞或數(shù)詞等限定詞時,一般只能用雙重所有格。如：an old friend of my uncles, a daughter of Mrs Greens, the house of one of my fr

13、iends4.名詞的普通格作定語表材料、地點、用途、性質、泛指時間、整體等普通名詞可以作定語,一般用單數(shù)形式。e.g. stone figures石像；paper money紙幣；country music鄉(xiāng)村音樂；table cloth桌布；river bank河岸；school gate校門口；book stores書店；traffic lights交通燈；summer holidays暑假；evening dress晚禮服。但在個別情況下,也有需用復數(shù)的。e.g. sports meet運動會；the United States government美國政府；students readi

14、ng-room學生閱覽室；goods train貨車；two men doctors兩個男醫(yī)生。冠詞復習及配套鞏固練習 不定冠詞:a,.a用于輔音發(fā)音開頭的詞前,an用于元音發(fā)音開頭的詞前.冠詞 a book, a university, an hour, an old man定冠詞:the,.1、不定冠詞的基本用法：泛指一個。如：There is a book on the table.指人或事物的某一種類。如：His father is a driver. Longjing is a wonderful tea.指某一個人或事物,但不具體說明。如：My sister was saved b

15、y a PLA man in the fire.用于某一些表示重量、長度、時間等單位前,表示每一。如：We have meals three times a 表示同樣的。如：They are of an age.他們是同歲。表數(shù)量,相當于one,但語意較弱。如：There is a pen and two books on the desk.使抽象名詞具體化。如：The little girl is a help to her mother. a hand譯幫手固定搭配。如：as a matter of fact , in a hurry, in a word ,have a good tim

16、e, have a headache, a few, a greatmany students, a lot of, go for a walk, have breakfast, make a decision .2、定冠詞的基本用法：表示上文提到過的人或事物。如：I have bought a book. The book is very useful.用于說話人與聽話人心中都有數(shù)的人或事物。如：Close the window, please.用于表示世界上獨一無二的事物前。如：the sun, the moon, the earth, the world等。用于表示方位的名詞之前。如：t

17、he east, the right.用于序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級之前。如：the first, the tallest.用于形容詞之前,使其名詞化。如：the sick, the wounded, the deaf, the dumb,the rich.用于由普通名詞構成的專有名詞之前。如：the United States, the United Nation.用于江河、海洋、海峽、山脈、群島、建筑物等的名詞之前。如：the Changjiang River, the East Lake.用于復數(shù)姓氏之前,表示夫婦或全家。如：The Smiths 用于樂器的名詞前。如：play the pi

18、ano; play the violin.用于逢整十數(shù)詞的復數(shù)前,定冠詞有時可用于逢整十的復數(shù)數(shù)詞前,表示世紀中的年代。如：He moved to the south in the fifties. 他于50年代搬到了南方。The war broke out in the 1980s. 戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)于20世紀80年代。發(fā)明物,如：The compass was invented in China. 年代名詞前,如：He lived in the countryside in the 1970s. 固定詞組中,如：in the morning, on the other hand , at the

19、same timeat the same time 同時 by the way 順便問一句for the present 暫時go to the cinema 看電影in the end 最后in the dark 在黑暗中,不知道in the least 一點,絲毫 in the open 在野外in the past 在過去 in the long run從長遠來看in the event of 萬一 in the morning 在上午in the way 擋道,礙事 on the whole總體上on the other hand 另一方面 on the contrary相反地 out

20、 of the question不可能的 3、不用冠詞的情況：表示總稱的復數(shù)名詞之前。如：Children love cartoons.兒童喜歡卡通影片。不含普通名詞的專有名詞前。如：We are studying English.名詞前有指示代詞、物主代詞、不定代詞或名詞所有格修飾時。如：I like this picture; I do not haveany money; As time went on, Einsteins theory proved to be correct.季節(jié)、月份、星期等名詞前,一般不用冠詞。如：She likes spring most.呼語前不用冠詞。如：

21、What shall I do next, Mother?三餐飯前不用冠詞。如：What did you have for lunch?節(jié)假日前不用冠詞。如：People give gifts to each other on Christmas Day.球類和棋類運動的名稱前不用冠詞。如：She is fond of playing basketball.在一些成對出現(xiàn)的短語中不用冠詞。如：arm in arm手挽手; hand in hand手牽手; sideby side肩對肩; day and day日日夜夜; young and old老老少少; from door to door挨

22、門挨戶; from beginning to end從頭到尾; from morning till night從早到晚等。 某些用介詞 by 構成的表方式的短語通常用零冠詞： 表示乘坐交通工具：by bus 乘公共汽車 by bike 騎自行車by plane / by air乘飛機by ship 坐船by land 走陸路by sea 走海路 表示用通訊或通信等方式：by phone 用電話by telegram 用電報 by letter 用信件by post 用郵寄by radio 用無線電 by hand 用手工 有些短語用零冠詞和定冠詞均可,只是含義不同：out of questio

23、n毫無疑問 out of the question不可能,不值得考慮的keep house 料理家務 keep the house 呆在家里不外出in charge of 負責,管理,主管 in the charge of 在的管理之下by day在白天 by the day按天計算in case of以防 in the case of就來說in charge of負責,管理 in the charge of由負責in office執(zhí)政in the office在辦公室in sight看見 in the sight在看來go to sea去當水手go to the sea到海邊去out of

24、question毫無疑問 out of the question不可能take advice征求意見take the advice聽從勸告be of age成年 be of all age同齡go to church去做禮拜 go to the church去教堂in prison坐牢 in the prison在監(jiān)獄特別提示：當?shù)攸c名詞表示地點時,其前用定冠詞；表示在這一地點所發(fā)生的活動時,其前不加冠詞。如：He went to the bed and fetched me a magazine before he went to bed,他睡覺前到床邊給我拿了本雜志。典例：George c

25、ouldnt remember when he first met MrAnderson,but Lhe was sure it was Sunday because everybody was at churchA/；the Bthe；/ Ca；/ D/；a解析 C不定冠詞用于表示星期的名詞前,泛指某個星期幾；at church表示做禮拜,at the church表示在教堂。故本題選C。 許多習語用零冠詞：at night在夜里；at home在家；day after day 日復一日；bytelephone打電話；in danger在危險中；on purpose故意地。catch fir

26、e 著火 give way 讓路 lose heart 灰心move house 搬家 send word 捎信 take place 發(fā)生by chance 偶然 catch sight of 看見 make use of 利用at day-break 在天亮時 before dawn 在天亮前at dusk 在黃昏時 after sunset 在日落后after sunrise 在日出前 towards dark 天快黑時at midnight 在半夜 from dawn till dusk 從早到晚高考語法通關1Any help from you will be greatly appr

27、eciated.Please give me a reply at your earliest _.Ainterruption BinstructionCconsideration Dconvenience解析：考查名詞辨析。這里表示請在你方便的時候盡早給我回復,at your earliest convenience 是固定表達,表示在你方便的時候請盡早,符合語境。interruption打斷；instruction 指導,指示；consideration 考慮。答案：D2If you ask why I plan to study in the United States,the only

28、 answer is that it is a _ for me.Apuzzle BadvantageCchallenge Daverage解析：考查名詞辨析。challenge 意思是挑戰(zhàn),即選擇在美國學習的理由是因為這樣做具有挑戰(zhàn)性。其他選項不合語境；puzzle 意思是困惑；advantage 意思是優(yōu)點,優(yōu)勢；average 意思是平均數(shù)。答案：C3. The conference has been held to discuss the _ of global warming on peoples lives all over the world.Aimportance Beffec

29、tsCprotection Dattitudes解析：考查名詞辨析。effects 意思是影響,即討論全球氣候變暖對人們生活的影響。其他選項不合題意,importance 意思是重要性；protection 意思是保護；attitudes 意思是態(tài)度。答案：B4We all hold the belief that _ 2012 London Olympic Games will be _ success.A/；a Bthe；/Cthe；a Da；a解析：第一空為特指,應用定冠詞the；第二空success 為抽象名詞具體化,一個成功的人或事,應用不定冠詞a,類似的詞還有failure,ple

30、asure 等。答案：C5Its_ good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them_ pleasure.A/；a Ba；/Cthe；a Da；the解析：句意為：上海世博會給人們帶來了歡樂,欣賞世博會是一種美好的感受。有些不可數(shù)名詞,如knowledge,command,feeling等,前面有a/an形容詞修飾時,表示一件具體的事情或一個的人。pleasure意為愉快,快樂,為不可數(shù)名詞,故不加冠詞。答案：B6It is generally believed that teaching is

31、_ it is a science.Aan art much as Bmuch an art asCas an art much as Das much an art as解析：當名詞前有what、so、as、too、quite等詞修飾時,其形容詞被這些詞修飾,組成下列結構,如：What a nice book! This is too heavy a box for me to carry. He is not as honest a boy as Mike.等,應采取too/how 形容詞 a 名詞的形式。答案：D7I will go to the _ to have my hair cu

32、t.Abarber Bbarber shopCbarbers shop Dbarbers解析：句意：我要去理發(fā)店把頭發(fā)剪一下。表示店鋪或某人的家時,常在名詞所有格之后省去shop,house,home等地點名詞。答案：D8I am really a bit worried because I have no idea what my parents _ will be to my poor examination result.Aexpression BreactionCappearance Dexpectation解析：考查名詞辨析。句意為：我真的有點擔心,因為我不知道我父母對我不好的考試結

33、果會是什么反應。expression 表情；reaction 反應；appearance 外表；expectation 期望。答案：B9There is no_ in going to school for the students merely to learn some facts.Adoubt BmindCpoint Dwonder解析：考查名詞辨析。固定句式There is no point in doing sth.表示做是沒有必要的,其他搭配不正確,所以這里選C項。答案：C10Here are some _ for you to follow when you take a tes

34、t in chemistry.Apatterns BtipsCtopics Defforts解析：考查名詞辨析。語境為下面給你提出幾點忠告,當你參加化學測驗時應該遵循。tip 忠告,意見；pattern 樣式,花樣,圖案；topic 題目,論題,話題；effort 努力,盡力。答案：B11Mr Li has some trouble sleeping,so drinking a glass of milk before going to bed every night is his common_ .Apractice BknowledgeCexperience Dduty解析：考查名詞辨析。

35、因此每晚睡前喝一杯牛奶是他通常的做法。common practice 通常的做法,符合題意。答案：A12Paul has gone abroad to try his luck.In my_ ,his decision is not wise.Aword BviewCsight Dway解析：考查名詞。句意為：在我看來,他的決定不明智。in ones view表示在某人看來。答案：B13My English teacher is really very kind.Ill never forget the_ he has done me.Afavor BdeedChelp Dvalue解析：句意

36、為：我的英語老師實在是太好了。我永遠不會忘記他對我的幫助。do sb.a favor 幫助某人。答案：A14First impressions are the most lasting.After all,you never get_ second chance to make_ first impression.Aa；the Bthe；theCa；a Dthe；a解析：句意為：第一印象最持久。畢竟,你不會再有機會去形成第一印象。第一空后有second,在此表示再一次機會,而不是表順序,應用不定冠詞；第二空中的第一印象是泛指,也不是表示順序,又根據(jù)題干可以判斷impression 在此處是可數(shù)

37、名詞,可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)表泛指時須用不定冠詞。答案：C15If we expect _ much cleaner world,we should attract _ worlds attention to protecting the world.Aa；a Ba；/Ca；the Dthe；/解析：考查冠詞。第一空為泛指,指一個更加干凈的世界；第二空world 前通常用定冠詞。答案：C16We work together to achieve our common purpose：_ world that is safer,cleaner and healthier than _ one we fou

38、nd.Athe；the Ba；/Ca；the Dthe；/解析：考查冠詞的用法。第一空表示泛指,用不定冠詞；第二空后面由we found 限定,表特指,用定冠詞。答案：C17Many lifestyle patterns do such_ great harm to health that they actually speed up_ weakening of the human body.Aa；/ B/；theCa；the D/；/解析：句意為：很多生活方式對身體健康是很有害的,實際上它們能加快體質變?nèi)酢o harm to.為固定短語,意為對有害；第二空為特指的用法,即特指體質變?nèi)?故用

39、定冠詞the。答案：B18There are over 58,000 rocky objects in _ space,about 900 of which could fall down onto_ earth.Athe；the B/；theCthe；/ Da；the解析：句意為：太空中有58 000顆星體,其中有900顆左右可能墜落到地球上。第一空in space在太空,固定用法,類似用法還有in nature,in society 等；第二空表示地球,獨一無二的事物前須加定冠詞the,如the moon,the sun等,答案：B19What do you think about _ d

40、ress in the shop window?Oh,its beautiful.You may give it to Linda as _ birthday present.Aa；a Bthe；aCa；the Dthe；the解析：考查冠詞的用法。第一空表特指櫥窗里的那一件,所以要用定冠詞the；第二空泛指一件禮物,所以要用不定冠詞。答案：B20It is clear that _ little money the invention will bring him can hardly support so large _ company.A/；the Ba；theCa；/ Dthe；a解析

41、：考查冠詞。句意為：很顯然,這項發(fā)明帶給他的不多的錢很難支撐如此龐大的一個公司。此題的關鍵在于hardly 的暗示,說明錢不多或很少,用little 表示少量的,不多的,后面又有定語從句修飾,故其前應加定冠詞the；第二空處是soadj.a可數(shù)名詞結構。答案：D三、代詞復習及配套鞏固練習代詞是代替名詞的一種詞類。大多數(shù)代詞具有名詞和形容詞的功能。英語中的代詞,按其意義、特征及在句中的作用分為：人稱代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、自身代詞、相互代詞、疑問代詞、關系代詞和不定代詞八種。1.人稱代詞數(shù)人稱格單數(shù)復數(shù)主格賓格主格賓格第一人稱Imeweare第二人稱youyouyouyou第三人稱heshei

42、thimherittheythem句子的成份例句作主語代替上文中提到的人或物Mrs. Suzan is an English teacher. She teaches us geography.I cant read the story. It is written in Russian.作賓語用賓格直接賓語Let her play now.We often meet him at the school gate間接賓語Granny offered us fruit.The sun gives us light and heat.介詞賓語Please sit between him and m

43、e. The teacher took good care of us.作表語用主格或賓格Who is that?Its me.It was I whom you saw at the station.1.人稱代詞不僅僅指人,也可以指事或物。2.人稱代詞主格單數(shù)he, she和it的復數(shù),都是they,賓格形式也相同,為them。3.第三人稱的人稱代詞分陽性hehim,陰性sheher和中性itit,復數(shù)只有一個形式theythem不分性別。4.選用什么人稱代詞,取決于所要代替的名詞。在數(shù)和性上要與所代替的名詞保持一致。物主代詞物主代詞是用來表示所有關系的,分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞

44、兩種。形容詞性物主代詞放在名詞前作定語,相當于形容詞；名詞性物主代詞相當于形容詞性物主代詞+名詞,相當于名詞,可以作主語、表語或賓語。物主代詞形容詞性數(shù)人稱單數(shù)復數(shù)第一人稱my 我的our 我們的第二人稱your 你的your 你們的第三人稱his 他的,her 她的,its 它的their 他們的物主代詞名詞性數(shù)人稱單數(shù)復數(shù)第一人稱mine 我的ours 我們的第二人稱yours 你的yours 你們的第三人稱his 他的,hers 她的,its 它的theirs 他們的物主代詞的用法：1形容詞性物主代詞放在名詞前作定語。例如：His pencil box is on the desk.Th

45、is is our school.2名詞性物主代詞作名詞用 本身就相當于形容詞性物主代詞+名詞,因此,后面不可再加名詞。 作主語： Richards school bag is blue and mine is black. 里查德的書包是藍色的,我的書包是黑色的。mine=my school bag 作表語： Its his. 這是他的東西。 作賓語： He borrows your dictionary and you may borrow mine. 他借你的字典,你可以借我的。作及物動詞的賓語 of+名詞性物主代詞可以放在名詞后作定語,表示強調： He is a friend of m

46、ine. 他是我的一個朋友。注意：試比較下面兩句句子：This is a photo of mine. 這是我的一張照片。照片是我擁有的,但不一定照的是我本人This is a photo of me. 這是一張我本人的照片。照片上是我本人反身代詞反身代詞用于所強調的動作與動作執(zhí)行者的關系,強調主語或賓語為同一人或物。反身代詞的形式：單數(shù)myself我自己yourself你自己himself他自己herself她自己itself它自己復數(shù)ourselves我們自己yourselves你們自己themselves他們自己反身代詞的用法：句子成分例句賓語直接賓語My father taught h

47、imself Japanese.Please help yourselves to some fruit, everyone.介詞賓語The twelve-year-old boy can take care of himself.Dont think too much of yourself.同位語主語同位語She taught Thomas Edison herself.The detective story itself is worth reading.賓語同位語 Li Ming, I want to ask for leave. Youd better ask the teacher

48、 herself / himself.表語同位語 Who is the man? It was Mr. Yang himself.表語Im not quite myself today itself. 今天我感到不舒服。4.指示代詞一指示代詞是具有指示概念的代詞this這；that那；these這些；those那些；二指示代詞的用法1 this一般指時間和空間上較近的人或物,而that 常指時間和空間上較遠的人或物。e.g. This is a novel and that is a magazine2this一般指后面要講到的事物,而that常指前面講到的事物。e.g. What he to

49、ld me is this：he wanted to go to Beijing/ He didnt comeThat is why he didnt know 3that, those 常用來指代前面提到過的某個名詞。e.g. The oil output in 1998 was higher than that of 1995 /The cars made in Japan are better than those in Germany5. 疑問代詞疑問代詞的用法：句子成分例句主語Who invited you to dinner? Whose is the best?Whats in

50、the bag? Which of them will win the prize?賓語直接賓語Whom did you meet on your way home? What is she doing?Which do you want, the red one or the blue one?間接賓語Whom are you waiting for?From whom should we learn? What are you talking about?表語Who are those women? What are you?Whose is the new bike?定語Which cl

51、ass are you in? Whose report is this?What subjects do you study?注意：1Who 用于詢問別人姓名,身份或關系。What 用于詢問別人職業(yè)。2Which 指的物有范圍限制,側重于哪一個；What 指的物無范圍限制,側重于種類。3Whose 用于明確所有者,Whom 在口語中,whom 多為 who 代替。反意問句考點分析:?1、祈使句的反意問句；2、I think +賓語從句的反意問句；3、主從復合句的反意問句；4、表示判斷的情態(tài)動詞構成的反意疑問句。考題點擊：1、I dont suppose anyone will volunte

52、er, _? A. do I B. dont I C. will theyD. wont they 2、Brian told you that there wasnt anyone in the room at that time, _? A. was there B. wasnt thereC. didnt heD. did he 3、There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone to the lecture, _? 04上海春季A. didnt they B. don t they C. mustnt they D. hav

53、en t they 4、 Alice, you feed the bird today, _? But I fed it yesterday. A. do youB. will youC. didnt youD. dont you1. 祈使句的反意疑問句:Dont do that again, will you?Go with me, will you / wont you ?Lets go and listen to the music, shall we?Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you2. I think+賓語從句的反意問

54、句,附加疑問部分則往往與從句中的主語和謂語動詞保持對應關系,但要注意否定的轉移。I suppose that hes serious isnt he?I dont think she cares, does she?3. 主從復合句的反意問句；附加疑問部分一般應與主句的主語和謂語動詞保持對應關系。She says that I did it, doesnt she? I told them not everybody could do it ,didnt I?6.不定代詞不是指明代替任何特定名詞的代詞叫不定代詞。常見的不定代詞有all, both, each, every, some, any

55、, many, much, few, little, one, ones, either, neither, other, another, no, none以及含有some-, any-, no-等的合成代詞如：anybody, something, no one。這些不定代詞大都可以代替名詞和形容詞,在句子中作主語、賓語、表語和定語。但none和由some, any, no, every thing, -body, -one構成的復合不定代詞如somebody等只能作主語、賓語和表語；而every和no只能作定語。不定代詞的形式：不定代詞詞義復合形式說明some一些可數(shù)或不可數(shù)someth

56、ing 某物、某事someone 某人somebody 某人一般用于肯定句any一些,任何可數(shù)或不可數(shù)anything 任何事物anyone 任何人=anybody 多用于否定句,疑問句或條件狀語從句中no沒有,無nothing 無物nobody 無人no one 無一人修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,復合形式只具名詞的作用every每個,所有的everything 每一個事物,一切everyone 每人=everybody 強調共性,指所有個體都同樣.,all全體、所有的代替或修飾可數(shù)名詞時,指兩個以上的或物,也可代替或修飾不可數(shù)名詞。each每個強調個性,指每個單個個體都同樣few很少可數(shù)修飾可數(shù)名

57、詞,表示否定a few一些,幾個可修飾可數(shù)名詞,表示肯定little很少不可數(shù)修飾不可數(shù)名詞,表示否定a little一些不可數(shù)修飾不可數(shù)名詞,表示肯定many很多可數(shù)修飾可數(shù)名詞much很多不可數(shù)修飾不可數(shù)名詞both兩個,兩者都僅指兩個人或物neither兩者都不僅指兩個人或物none沒有人或物指三個以上的人或物,當指可數(shù)名詞時謂語動詞用單、復數(shù)都可以。either兩者中的任何一個other其他,別的another另一個,又一個相當于 an otherone一個one 的復數(shù)形式是 ones不定代詞的用法：one和ones用來指人或物,表示一個One should always be re

58、ady to help others.One should be strict with oneself.One of my friends came to visit me.用來代替上文出現(xiàn)過的名詞,以免重復.I havent a pen. Can you lend me one?The question is a complicated one.My shoes are similar to the ones you had on yesterday.both, either, neitherboth:兩者都,表示肯定,在句中可作主語,賓語,定語,同位語.Bothstories are t

59、rue.兩種說法都對.Both of them are good at swimming.These two movies are very interesting. I like both.I wish both of you well.She has eatenboth cakes.Bothmachines can work well.They both love dancing.They were both college students.either:兩者中的任何一個Eitherof the answers is right.兩個答案中有一個是正確的.Eitherof the pla

60、n is equally dangerous.兩個計劃中任何一個都是同等危險.They are experienced teachers. You can ask either of them for help.Here are two tickets. You can takeeither of them.Either proposal will have my support.兩個提案我都支持.I believeeither method will work.neither,兩個都不,兩者中沒有一個,全部否定.Neither of the choices is right.I like n