1、GrammarGrammarSubject-Verb Agreement主謂一致Subject-Verb Agreement主謂一致Subject-Verb Agreement主謂一致是指句子的_ 與_在_和_上必須保持一致主謂一致的三個原則: 1. 語法一致 2. 意義一致 3. 就近原則謂語動詞主語人稱數Subject-Verb Agreement主謂一致是指To get up early is a good habit.Swimming is helpful for shaping your body. What the teacher says is of great importan

2、ce to the students.To get up early is a good habi3. 單個的動名詞，動詞不定式，從句作主語時，謂語動詞用單數。3. 單個的動名詞，動詞不定式，從句作主語時，謂語動詞用單數The worker and writer is from Wuhan.The singer and composer is coming to our school. Bread and butter is often served for breakfast.Pork and Chinese cabbage is one of my favorite dishes.The

3、worker and writer is from 4.由and連接的并列成分指同一概念作主語時，謂語動詞用單數。4.由and連接的并列成分指同一概念作主語時，謂語動詞用單數Every man and every woman has a good reason to be proud of the work done by their fathers.More than one student was chosen to compete in the contest.Every man and every woman has 5.由and連接的并列單數主語前有every, each, no,

4、many a 時，謂語動詞用單數。6.“More than one+單數名詞”作主語,盡管從意義上是復數,但謂語動詞用單數形式。5.由and連接的并列單數主語前有every, each, Each of the students has a book.每個學生都有一本書。The new is sure to replace the old. 新事物總會取代舊事物。Each of the students has a boo7.“one/each/every one/any one/either/neither/each one/the number +of + 復數名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用單

5、數。8.“the+形容詞”表示一類抽象的事物時，謂語動詞用單數。7.“one/each/every one/any one/Physics is a very interesting subject物理是一門很有趣的學科。 Plastics is used widely nowadays.如今塑料被廣泛使用。Physics is a very interesting 9某些名詞以s結尾的詞maths, politics, physics, news, plastics 等并不表示復述，謂語動詞應用單數。9某些名詞以s結尾的詞maths, In the past, quantities of w

6、aste water were sent into this river.在過去大量的廢水被排放到這條河中。My trousers have been washed already.特別提示 ： 若這類名詞前有pair of修飾時,其謂語動詞的單復數取決于pair的單復數形式。 In the past, quantities of wa4.“(large) quantities/amounts of+名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用復數。5.clothes,trousers,shorts,shoes,jeans,glasses,scissors, 等只有復數形式的名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用復數。4.“

7、(large) quantities/amounts The population in China is very large and about 50% of the population live in rural areas. 中國人口很多,其中約50%的人住在農村。 The family which is very big are discussing how to spend this weekend.The population in China is ver1.集體名詞class, family, public, government army, club, populatio

8、n, enemy, party, crowd, audience, majority, group等作主語,強調整體時用單數,強調個體成員時用復數。 1.集體名詞class, family, public, g Every means has been tried to solve the problem, but none is effective.There are various means of communicating with a stranger.The singer together with his agent (代理人)has arrived. Every means h

9、as been tried 2.單復數同形的名詞作主語時,謂語形式要根據其具體含義而定,這類詞有:means, deer, fish, sheep等。 3.當主語后面有as well as, along with, with, together with, no less than, except, but, rather than 等詞組時,其謂語動詞與詞組前的主語保持一致。 2.單復數同形的名詞作主語時,謂語形式要根據其具體含義而定This kind of animal is dangerous. Animals of this kind are dangerous 這種動物很危險。The

10、 kind of paper is made from straw.This kind of animal is danger4.“kind,sort,type+of+名詞”作主語,以這些名詞本身的單復數而定。 4.“kind,sort,type+of+名詞”作主語,以這All is going on very well.一切進展順利。(指事用單數) All are present （到場的）besides the professor. 包括教授在內大家都在(指人用復數) What we need is time .What we need are 200 textbooks.All is g

11、oing on very well.5.all,none,some,any,most等代詞以及what 引導的從句作主語時,謂語動詞的單復數根據其指代的內容而定。 5.all,none,some,any,most等代詞以及wThe rest of the story was dull and all the students were bored. About one third of the books are well worth reading。 Over 30% of the work has been finished。 Eighty percent of the populatio

12、n in that country are farmers.The rest of the story was dull6.由“some, plenty, a lot, lots, most, half, part, the rest, all 或分數，百分數+of+名詞”等短語作主語時,謂語動詞根據其所指意義決定單復數。 6.由“some, plenty, a lot, lots,He is the (only) one of the students who has passed the exam.他是學生們中唯一一個通過考試的。He is one of the students who

13、have passed the exam.他是通過了考試的學生之一。He is the (only) one of the st7. 定語從句中的謂語動詞的用法。特別提示 ：“The (only) one of+復數名詞+定語從句”中定語從句的謂語動詞用單數。“one of+復數名詞+定語從句”中定語從句的謂語動詞用復數。7. 定語從句中的謂語動詞的用法。Those who are singing may join us. Tom, who is your friend, should help you.Those who are singing may join8. 定語從句的關系代詞who

14、, which, that在從句中作主語時，要與先行詞的人稱和數保持一致。 8. 定語從句的關系代詞who, which, that在從Either you or one of your students is to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.Are neither you nor I fit for the job?There are some books and paper for you.Either you or one of your stud1.either.or.,neither.nor.,not only. , but al

15、so., not.but.,or等連接兩個并列主語時,以及在there be結構中謂語動詞常與最近的主語在單復數上保持一致。 1.either.or.,neither.nor當堂演練All of the apples _rotten. 所有的蘋果都爛了。All of the apple _rotten. 整個蘋果都爛了。 are isNone of the money_ left. 沒有剩下一點錢。None of the students _ there. 沒有學生在那里。 is is當堂演練All of the apples _rottHe and she_both good student

16、sareThe singer and dancer_ going to give us a performance. The knife and fork _on the table isisHe and she_both good stude 主語是不定式, 動詞ing形式或主語從句的時候, 謂語動詞的用法。When he is coming _ very important. 他什么時候要來看起來很重要。 Collecting stamps _ his hobby. 收集郵票是他的愛好。 To love her _ not to break her wings. 愛她就不該折斷她自由飛翔的

17、翅膀。seemsisis 主語是不定式, 動詞ing形式或主語從句的時候, 謂語動定語從句的關系代詞who, which, that在從句中作主語時，謂語動詞的用法。 Those who_ singing may join us. Tom, who _ your friend, should help you. enjoyis定語從句的關系代詞who, which, that在從句中作Mr. Black , as well as two women, _ at the office.isMr. Black with, together with, along withMr. Black , a

18、s well as two wom the rest of; half of; part of; majority of; percent of; one third of 在句子中接名詞作主語的時候, 謂語動詞的用法。Half of the students _finished their composition. Half of the apple _bad. About 60 percent of the students in ourschool _boys. haveisare the rest of; half of; part of復合不定代詞作主語, 謂語動詞的用法，如some

19、one, somebody, something, anybody, anyone, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing。Someone_ asking for you. 有人找你。Nothing _ found in the room. 在屋子里什么也沒找到。isis復合不定代詞作主語, 謂語動詞的用法，如someone, s 某些名詞如clothes, trousers, shoes, glasses等, 通常只用其復數形式, 但當它們被a pair of 修飾時, 謂語動詞的用法。如: Th

20、e shoes _ worn out. 鞋子破了。 The pair of shoes _ worn out. 這雙鞋破了。 areis 某些名詞如clothes, trousers, shoes8. every. and every.; each. and each.; no. and no. 在以上短語中and連接的單數名詞, 整個短語在句中作主語時, 謂語動詞的用法。 Each man and each woman _ asked to attend. isEvery boy and every girl in the class _ diligent.No sound and no voice _ heard. is is8. every. and every.; each11. many a, more than one, one and a half 與單數名詞組成的短語, 謂語的用法。 Many a boy _ seen it. 許多孩子都看到了。12. 時間、距離、重量、價格等度量衡復數名詞及書刊名作主語時, 謂語動詞的用法。hasThirty years _ not a long t